Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics

Research Articles

Analysis of the reciprocating kinematics of the VDW Silver Reciproc, E-Connect Pro, Ecom, and Endopen endodontic motors: an in vitro experimental study: Cristielly França, Juliana D. Bronzato, Dieimes Braambati, Adriana de-Jesus-Soares, Carla C. R. B. Félix, Michelle A. N. S. Ferreira, Marcos Frozoni; Received August 18, 2025 Accepted October 12, 2025 Published online January 20, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2026.51.e5 [Epub ahead of print]

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the actual parameters of four endodontic motors, each adjusted for reciprocating motion, and compare them to the manufacturers’ declared values.
Methods
The motors used were the VDW Silver Reciproc (VDW GmbH), E-Connect Pro (MK Life), Ecom (Woodpecker), and Endopen (Schuster Woodpecker). A custom optical target was attached to the motor contra-angle, the movements were recorded with a high-resolution camera, and the images were analyzed. Engagement, disengagement, net angles, and speed for each operation cycle, duration of clockwise (CW) and counter-clockwise (CCW) movement, duration of standstill after CW and CCW movement, and the number of cycles to complete a full rotation were analyzed. The data were statistically analyzed at a significance level of 5%. The replicability of all reciprocal parameters analyzed was statistically different from that reported by the manufacturers.
Results
There was no statistically significant difference between the VDW Silver Reciproc, Ecom, and Endopen for the engagement angle. The E-Connect Pro was the least reliable at the 150°/30° settings for both angle parameters. There was no significant difference between the set and actual cycle net angles for the VDW Silver Reciproc (p = 0.493). While the actual values for the Ecom and E-Connect Pro were significantly higher than the set (p < 0.001), the actual values for the Endopen were significantly lower than the set (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
Experiments on four commercially available reciprocating endodontic motors revealed that the actual motor values differed significantly from the set values.

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In vitro experimental study comparing continuous and intermittent irrigation protocols: influence of sodium hypochlorite volume and contact time on tissue dissolution: Alfredo Iandolo, Dina Abdellatif, Davide Mancino, Gwenael Rolin, Camille Coussens, Aurelian Louvrier, Felipe G Belladonna, Edouard Euvrard, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da Silva; Restor Dent Endod 2025;50(4):e36. Published online October 15, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2025.50.e36

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate whether continuous irrigation with larger volumes or allowing sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) resting time is more critical for pulp tissue dissolution using a controlled artificial root canal system.
Methods
A three-dimensional printed artificial root canal with a lateral canal in the apical third was fabricated. Standardized bovine pulp tissue specimens were inserted, and three irrigation protocols were tested: group A (continuous NaOCl irrigation at 1 mL/min via syringe pump), group B (intermittent NaOCl irrigation with 0.1 mL and a 3-minute resting period), and group C (control, saline irrigation). The time for complete dissolution and the total NaOCl volume were recorded.
Results
Complete dissolution occurred in groups A and B, with significant differences in NaOCl volume and time (p < 0.05). In group A, complete dissolution was consistently observed after the 6th irrigation cycle, corresponding to a total NaOCl volume of 6.0 ± 0.66 mL per test. The average time required for complete dissolution in this group was 6 ± 0.66 minutes. In group B, complete dissolution occurred after the 4th cycle, with a total NaOCl volume of 0.4 ± 0.06 mL per test and a mean dissolution time of 12.6 ± 1.8 minutes.
Conclusions
NaOCl volume and exposure time significantly influence pulp tissue dissolution.

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Calcium silicate-based sealers remnants in isthmuses of mesial roots of mandibular molars: an in vitro evaluation: David Saldanha de Brito Alencar, Ana Cristina Padilha Janini, Lauter Eston Pelepenko, Brenda Fornazaro Moraes, Francisco Haiter Neto, Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte, Marina Angélica Marciano; Restor Dent Endod 2025;50(3):e25. Published online July 15, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2025.50.e25

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Objectives
Endodontic retreatment aims to address treatment failure through the removal of root canal filling materials. This in vitro study evaluated the presence of filling material remnants in the mesial root canals, specifically focusing on the isthmuses, of mandibular molars after retreatment.
Methods
One hundred extracted mandibular molar mesial roots with isthmuses were prepared with an R25 file, obturated with one of five calcium silicate-based sealers (BioRoot RCS [Septodont], MTApex [Ultradent Products Inc.], EndoSequence BC Sealer HiFlow [Brasseler USA], Bio-C Sealer [Angelus]) or an epoxy resin-based sealer (AH Plus Jet [Dentsply Maillefer]), all stained with rhodamine B, and stored at 37ºC for 30 days to allow for setting. Retreatment was subsequently performed using R40 and XP-endo Finisher R instruments (FKG Dentaire) with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite irrigation. The presence of remaining filling material was then assessed using confocal microscopy, and setting times were tested per ISO 6876:2012.
Results
AH Plus Jet showed the most remnants at 2 mm and the longest retreatment time. Calcium silicate-based sealers exhibited prolonged setting times under dry conditions, with EndoSequence BC Sealer HiFlow showing a particularly extended setting period.
Conclusions
Despite retreatment, residues remained in all canals and isthmus regions, particularly Bio-C Sealer and AH Plus Jet in apical areas, emphasizing the difficulty of complete removal and the persistence of filling material.

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Evaluation of the effects of different file systems and apical functions of integrated endodontic motors on debris extrusion: an ex vivo experimental study: Sıla Nur Usta, Antonio Magan-Fernandez, Cumhur Aydın; Restor Dent Endod 2025;50(2):e14. Published online April 14, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2025.50.e14

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of two different file systems operated with three apical functions of an endodontic motor integrated with an electronic apex locator on debris extrusion.
Methods
Sixty single-rooted teeth were prepared and divided into two main groups and three subgroups based on the file system (OneShape [Micro-Mega SA] and WaveOne [Dentsply Maillefer]) and apical function of the endodontic motor used (auto apical stop [AAS], auto apical reverse [AAR], and auto apical slowdown [ASD]). The teeth were mounted in pre-weighed glass tubes filled with 0.9% sodium chloride to complete the circuit with the apex locator. Files were advanced until the respective apical function (stop, reverse, or slowdown) was activated. The extruded debris was collected, dried, and weighed by subtracting pre-weighed values from post-weighed values. Preparation time was also recorded. Statistical analyses were performed to compare the groups.
Results
OneShape was associated with significantly less debris extrusion compared to WaveOne, regardless of the apical function (p < 0.05). The ASD function resulted in the least debris extrusion compared to AAS and AAR (p < 0.05). Preparation time was significantly longer in the ASD function (p < 0.05), while no differences were observed between the file systems (p > 0.05).
Conclusions
The OneShape file system and the ASD function produced the least amount of apical debris. While the ASD function requires more preparation time, its potential to minimize debris extrusion suggests it may reduce postoperative symptoms.

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Inflammatory Mediator Levels and Postoperative Pain Following Root Canal Shaping with Different Apical Actions: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Mustafa Mert Tulgar, Yağmur Kılıç, Oğuz Karalar, Huriye Erbak Yılmaz, Emrah Karataşlıoğlu
Journal of Endodontics.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

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Review Articles

Comparative evaluation of the biological response of conventional and resin modified glass ionomer cement on human cells: a systematic review: Shishir Singh, Gaurav Kulkarni, R S Mohan Kumar, Romi Jain, Ameya M Lokhande, Teena K Sitlaney, Musharraf H F Ansari, Navin S Agarwal; Restor Dent Endod 2024;49(4):e41. Published online November 1, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e41

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This review aimed to evaluate and compare the biological response (biocompatibility and cytotoxicity) of resin modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) in contrast to conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) on human cells. Articles reporting parallel and split-mouth clinical trials, randomized controlled trials, non-randomized controlled trials, prospective studies, and in vitro studies on human permanent teeth that assessed the biological response of GIC and RMGIC were included. The following electronic bibliographic databases were searched using the keywords: MEDLINE/PubMed, EBSCO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Google Scholar. For the risk of bias MINORS tool and the modified scale of Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments and Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials were used. Initial screening identified 552 studies, of which 9 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. Different parameters such as odontoblastic changes, inflammatory response, tertiary dentin formation, presence of microorganisms, morphological changes, cell viability, number, and metabolism were used to evaluate the biological response of conventional GIC and RMGICs. Conventional GIC shows lower cytotoxicity compared to RMGIC in vital pulp therapy procedures. Further, in vivo studies and long-term clinical trials are needed to compare these observations for pulp therapy using the 2 test materials.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO Identifier: CRD42023426021

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Thermal Aging-Induced Alterations in Surface and Interface Topography of Bio-Interactive Dental Restorative Materials Assessed by 3D Non-Contact Profilometry
Zehra Güner, Gökçe Keçeci, Sadık Olguner, Hakan Çandar, Ayşenur Güngör Borsöken, Lezize Sebnem Turkun
Coatings.2026; 16(1): 53. CrossRef
Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin Plus Sealed Exclusively with Glass Ionomer Cement: Setting a New Standard for Healing, Aesthetics and Predictive Modelling in Regenerative Endodontics
Dubravka Turjanski, Dragutin Lisjak, Petra Bučević Sojčić, Jelena Valpotić, Tea Borojević Renić, Kristina Goršeta, Domagoj Glavina
Materials.2025; 18(18): 4421. CrossRef
The conventional glass ionomers – A forgotten paradigm
Shishir Singh
Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.2024; 27(12): 1201. CrossRef

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Success rate of direct pulp capping on permanent teeth using bioactive materials: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials: Karem Paula Pinto, Gabriela Ribeiro da Silva, Cláudio Malizia Alves Ferreira, Luciana Moura Sassone, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da Silva; Restor Dent Endod 2024;49(4):e34. Published online September 6, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e34

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This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the success rate of direct pulp capping (DPC) on permanent teeth, comparing the use of MTA with calcium hydroxide and calcium silicate-based cements. A systematic search was carried out in 4 databases until July 2023. The selection was based on PICOS criteria and only randomized clinical trials were included. The risk of bias was assessed using RoB-2 tool, and meta-analyses were performed using RevMan 5.3 software. The overall quality of evidence was determined using the GRADE tool. Thirteen studies were included. Meta-analyses indicated significantly higher success rate for DPC using MTA compared to calcium hydroxide, while no significant difference was observed between MTA and Biodentine, showing a success rate from 80% to 100% even after 3 years of follow-up. Five studies were classified as having high risk of bias and the GRADE assessment revealed low certainty of evidence. DPC is highly effective for permanent teeth when using MTA or Biodentine. There is a need for future well-designed randomized clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy of DPC using newer bioceramic materials.

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Physicochemical effects of nano type-B bone substitute on pulp protective cement formulations
Njwan Fadhel SHEHAB
Dental Materials Journal.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Photobiomodulation-assisted pulp capping using nano-hydroxyapatite and mineral trioxide aggregate: Report of two cases
Priya Pal, Rhythm Bains, Promila Verma, Vivek Kumar Bains
Journal of Healthcare Research and Education.2026; 2: 2. CrossRef
Indian Association of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics consensus statement on deep caries management
Deepak Kumar Sharma, R. S. Mohan Kumar, Shishir Singh, Suparna Ganguly Saha, Meenal Nithin Gulve, Dipali Y. Shah, Sathish Abraham, Shruthi Nagaraja, Raksha Bhat
Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.2025; 28(8): 714. CrossRef

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Research Articles

Color stability and solubility of Biodentine and NeoPutty in contact with different irrigation solutions: Sıla Nur Usta, Cangül Keskin; Restor Dent Endod 2024;49(3):e25. Published online June 19, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e25

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the color stability and solubility of Biodentine and NeoPutty in contact with different irrigation solutions.
Materials and Methods
Biodentine and NeoPutty were set in cylindrical molds with 7 mm diameter and 1.5 mm high and immersed in distilled water, 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), 9% 1-hydroxyethylidene 1,1-diphosphonate (HEDP), and 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solutions for 24 hours. The color change was measured with a spectrophotometer. The solubility values were calculated as the mass loss was expressed as a percentage of the original mass using an analytical balance with 10⁻⁴ g accuracy. Data were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis followed by Mann-Whitney U tests, and 2-way analysis of variance test followed by Bonferroni corrections for pairwise comparisons for solubility and color stability with a 5% significance threshold, respectively.
Results
Biodentine exhibited higher color changes compared to the NeoPutty contact with all solutions except distilled water (p < 0.05). Both hydraulic cements (HCs) showed higher discoloration values immersion in CHX followed by NaOCl. No statistically significant difference was found between Biodentine and NeoPutty regardless of irrigation solution in terms of solubility (p > 0.05). Solubility values were lower in the distilled water group compared to EDTA and CHX (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
Tested HCs showed solubility and color changes at various rates. NeoPutty could be an appropriate material in aesthetic areas. The usage of HEDP as an irrigant solution can be considered suitable for various endodontic treatments due to its relatively lower solubility and discoloration values.

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Nanoleakage of apical sealing using a calcium silicate-based sealer according to canal drying methods: Yoon-Joo Lee, Kyung-Mo Cho, Se-Hee Park, Yoon Lee, Jin-Woo Kim; Restor Dent Endod 2024;49(2):e20. Published online April 19, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e20

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Objectives
This study investigated the nanoleakage of root canal obturations using calcium silicate-based sealer according to different drying methods.
Materials and Methods
Fifty-two extracted mandibular premolars with a single root canal and straight root were selected for this study. After canal preparation with a nickel-titanium rotary file system, the specimens were randomly divided into 4 groups according to canal drying methods (1: complete drying, 2: blot drying/distilled water, 3: blot drying/NaOCl, 4: aspiration only). The root canals were obturated using a single-cone filling technique with a calcium silicate–based sealer. Nanoleakage was evaluated using a nanoflow device after 24 hours, 1 week, and 1 month. Data were collected twice per second at the nanoscale and measured in nanoliters per second. Data were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann–Whitney U-tests (p < 0.05).
Results
The mean flow rate measured after 24 hours showed the highest value among the time periods in all groups. However, the difference in the flow rate between 1 week and 1 month was not significant. The mean flow rate of the complete drying group was the highest at all time points. After 1 month, the mean flow rate in the blot drying group and the aspiration group was not significantly different.
Conclusions
Within the limitations of this study, the canal drying method had a significant effect on leakage and sealing ability in root canal obturations using a calcium silicate-based sealer. Thus, a proper drying procedure is critical in endodontic treatment.

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The status of clinical trials regarding root canal sealers: Ahmad AL Malak, Yasmina EL Masri, Mira Al Ziab, Nancy Zrara, Tarek Baroud, Pascale Salameh; Restor Dent Endod 2024;49(1):e5. Published online January 15, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e5

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Objectives
This study aimed to present the results and analyses of clinical trials, including updates on the different functions of root canal sealers.
Materials and Methods
In June 2023, we performed a comprehensive search of ClinicalTrials.gov to identify interventional clinical trials pertaining to root canal sealers. In total, 23 clinical trials conducted up to June 2023 were included in this study.
Results
Approximately half of the trials (11 out of 23) were completed, while none were terminated or withdrawn. Each included trial had a minimum of 10 participants, with 11 trials having more than 100 participants. None of the assessed trials provided outcomes, and the majority (17 out of 23) lacked associated publications. In terms of geographic distribution, the USA and Canada did not contribute to any root canal sealer trials.
Conclusions
This study highlights the lack of diversity in trial locations, the absence of reported results, and a scarcity of clinical trials examining the physicochemical properties of different sealers. Most published trials primarily focused on assessing the post-operative pain effect of these sealers, but no significant difference was found regarding post-operative pain control.

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Review Article

Disinfectant effectiveness of chlorhexidine gel compared to sodium hypochlorite: a systematic review with meta-analysis: Theodoro Weissheimer, Karem Paula Pinto, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da Silva, Lina Naomi Hashizume, Ricardo Abreu da Rosa, Marcus Vinicius Reis Só; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(4):e37. Published online October 26, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e37

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

This study aimed to compare the disinfectant ability of chlorhexidine (CHX) gel and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). Systematic searches were conducted from inception until December 8th, 2022 (MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and Grey Literature databases). Only randomized clinical trials were included. The revised Cochrane risk of bias tools for randomized trials were used to assess the quality of studies. Meta-analyses were performed. The overall quality of evidence was assessed through the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation tool. Six studies were included. Five had a low risk of bias and 1 had some concerns. Three studies assessed bacterial reduction. Two were included in the meta-analysis for bacterial reduction (mean difference, 75.03 [confidence interval, CI, −271.15, 421.22], p = 0.67; I² = 74%); and 3 in the meta-analysis for cultivable bacteria after chemomechanical preparation (odds ratio, 1.03 [CI, 0.20, 5.31], P = 0.98; I² = 49%). Five studies assessed endotoxin reduction. Three were included in a meta-analysis (mean difference, 20.59 [CI, −36.41, 77.59], p = 0.48; I² = 74%). There seems to be no difference in the disinfectant ability of CHX gel and NaOCl, but further research is necessary.

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Bactericidal Effects of Ultraviolet-C Light-Emitting Diode Prototype Device Through Thin Optical Fiber
Mi-Jeong Jeon, Yu-Sung Choi, Deog-Gyu Seo
Applied Sciences.2025; 15(8): 4504. CrossRef
Effectiveness of Irrigation Protocols in Endodontic Therapy: An Umbrella Review
Manuel J. Orozco-Gallego, Eliana L. Pineda-Vélez, Wilder J. Rojas-Gutiérrez, Martha L. Rincón-Rodríguez, Andrés A. Agudelo-Suárez
Dentistry Journal.2025; 13(6): 273. CrossRef
In Vitro Evaluation of Disinfectants on Gutta-Percha Cones: Antimicrobial Efficacy Against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans
Tringa Kelmendi, Donika Bajrami Shabani, Aida Meto, Hani Ounsi
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(19): 6846. CrossRef
Preparing porcine lens to mimic human lens capsule
Yajing Pei, Shaofeng Han, Mingfeng Lu, Yang Yang, Ke Ma
Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery.2024; 50(9): 963. CrossRef
Comparative Evaluation of Disinfection Protocols for Dental Impressions in Prosthodontics
Subhash Sonkesriya, Ghanshyam Gaur, Akanksha Maheshwari, Arun Kumar Ashahiya, Simran Kaur Aulakh, Amit Kumar, Bhumika Kamal Badiyani
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Research Articles

Influence of access cavity design on calcium hydroxide removal using different cleaning protocols: a confocal laser scanning microscopy study: Seda Falakaloğlu, Merve Yeniçeri Özata, Betül Güneş, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva, Mustafa Gündoğar, Burcu Güçyetmez Topal; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(3):e25. Published online July 24, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e25

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of endodontic access cavities design on the removal of calcium hydroxide medication of the apical third of mandibular incisor root canal walls and dentinal tubules with different cleaning protocols: EDDY sonic activation, Er,Cr:YSGG laser-activated irrigation, or conventional irrigation with IrriFlex.

Materials and Methods

Seventy-eight extracted human mandibular incisors were assigned to 6 experimental groups (n = 13) according to the endodontic access cavity and cleaning protocol for calcium hydroxide removal: traditional access cavity (TradAC)/EDDY; ultraconservative access cavity performed in the incisal edge (UltraAC.Inc)/EDDY; TradAC/Er,Cr:YSGG; UltraAC.Inc/Er,Cr:YSGG; TradAC/IrriFlex; or UltraAC.Inc/IrriFlex. Confocal laser scanning microscopy images were used to measure the non-penetration percentage, maximum residual calcium hydroxide penetration depth, and penetration area at 2 and 4 mm from the apex. Data were statistically analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk and WRS2 package for 2-way comparison of non-normally distributed parameters (depth of penetration, area of penetration, and percentage of non-penetration) according to cavity and cleaning protocol with the significance level set at 5%.

Results

The effect of cavity and cleaning protocol interactions on penetration depth, penetration area and non-penetration percentage was not found statistically significant at 2 and 4 mm levels (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

The present study demonstrated that TradAC or UltraAC.Inc preparations with different cleaning protocols in extracted mandibular incisors did not influence the remaining calcium hydroxide at 2 and 4 mm from the apex.

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Effect of Apical Preparation Size and Preparation Taper on Smear Layer Removal Using Two Different Irrigation Needles: A Scanning Electron Microscopy Study
Rania Lebbos, Naji Kharouf, Deepak Mehta, Jamal Jabr, Cynthia Kamel, Roula El Hachem, Youssef Haikel, Marc Krikor Kaloustian
European Journal of Dentistry.2025; 19(03): 678. CrossRef
Combination of Chitosan Nanoparticles, EDTA, and Irrigation Activation Enhances TGF-β1 Release from Dentin: A Laboratory Study
Sıla Nur Usta, Emre Avcı, Ayşe Nur Oktay, Cangül Keskin
Journal of Endodontics.2025; 51(8): 1081. CrossRef

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Effects of different calcium-silicate based materials on fracture resistance of immature permanent teeth with replacement root resorption and osteoclastogenesis: Gabriela Leite de Souza, Gabrielle Alves Nunes Freitas, Maria Tereza Hordones Ribeiro, Nelly Xiomara Alvarado Lemus, Carlos José Soares, Camilla Christian Gomes Moura; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(2):e21. Published online May 5, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e21

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Objectives

This study evaluated the effects of Biodentine (BD), Bio-C Repair (BCR), and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) plug on the fracture resistance of simulated immature teeth with replacement root resorption (RRR) and in vitro-induced osteoclastogenesis.

Materials and Methods

Sixty bovine incisors simulating immature teeth and RRR were divided into 5 groups: BD and BCR groups, with samples completely filled with the respective materials; MTA group, which utilized a 3-mm apical MTA plug; RRR group, which received no root canal filling; and normal periodontal ligament (PL) group, which had no RRR and no root canal filling. All the teeth underwent cycling loading, and compression strength testing was performed using a universal testing machine. RAW 264.7 macrophages were treated with 1:16 extracts of BD, BCR, and MTA containing receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) for 5 days. RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation was assessed by staining with tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase. The fracture load and osteoclast number were analyzed using 1-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).

Results

No significant difference in fracture resistance was observed among the groups (p > 0.05). All materials similarly inhibited osteoclastogenesis (p > 0.05), except for BCR, which led to a lower percentage of osteoclasts than did MTA (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions

The treatment options for non-vital immature teeth with RRR did not strengthen the teeth and promoted a similar resistance to fractures in all cases. BD, MTA, and BCR showed inhibitory effects on osteoclast differentiation, with BCR yielding improved results compared to the other materials.

Citations

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In vitro comparison of fracture strength of maxillary incisors with the simulated external root resorption cavities repaired with BioMTA or Biodentine
Tufan Ozasir, Birgul Ozasir, Nagihan Aribal, Derin Bugu Yuzer, Baris Kandemir, Kamran Gulsahi
Journal of Dental Sciences.2025; 20(3): 1532. CrossRef
Comparative Analysis of Gene Expression in Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells Exposed to Biodentine and Bio-C Repair: Implications for Cementogenesis—An In Vitro Study
Mahmoud M. Bakr, Mahmoud Al Ankily, Mohammed Meer, Mohamed Shamel
Oral.2025; 5(1): 19. CrossRef
Efficacy of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Versus Biodentine as a Direct Pulp Capping Material in Carious Human Mature Permanent Teeth: A Systematic Review
Rashmi Misra, Nikita Toprani, Sumita Bhagwat, Aashaka Vaishnav, Aastha Dureja, Omkar Bhosale
Cureus.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of Restoration Strategy and Cavity Location on the Fracture Resistance of Teeth with External Cervical Resorption
Saadet Elpe, Öznur Sarıyılmaz
Journal of Endodontics.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Evaluation of Different Techniques and Materials for Filling in 3-dimensional Printed Teeth Replicas with Perforating Internal Resorption by Means of Micro–Computed Tomography
Angelo J.S. Torres-Carrillo, Helena C. Assis, Rodrigo E. Salazar-Gamarra, Leonardo Moreira Teodosio, Alice C. Silva-Sousa, Jardel F. Mazzi-Chaves, Priscila B. Ferreira-Soares, Manoel D. Sousa-Neto, Fabiane C. Lopes-Olhê
Journal of Endodontics.2024; 50(2): 205. CrossRef

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Push-out bond strength and intratubular biomineralization of a hydraulic root-end filling material premixed with dimethyl sulfoxide as a vehicle: Ju-Ha Park, Hee-Jin Kim, Kwang-Won Lee, Mi-Kyung Yu, Kyung-San Min; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(1):e8. Published online January 20, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e8

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This study was designed to evaluate the parameters of bonding performance to root dentin, including push-out bond strength and dentinal tubular biomineralization, of a hydraulic bioceramic root-end filling material premixed with dimethyl sulfoxide (Endocem MTA Premixed) in comparison to a conventional powder-liquid–type cement (ProRoot MTA).

Materials and Methods

The root canal of a single-rooted premolar was filled with either ProRoot MTA or Endocem MTA Premixed (n = 15). A slice of dentin was obtained from each root. Using the sliced specimen, the push-out bond strength was measured, and the failure pattern was observed under a stereomicroscope. The apical segment was divided into halves; the split surface was observed under a scanning electron microscope, and intratubular biomineralization was examined by observing the precipitates formed in the dentinal tubule. Then, the chemical characteristics of the precipitates were evaluated with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (EDS) analysis. The data were analyzed using the Student’s t-test followed by the Mann-Whitney U test (p < 0.05).

Results

No significant difference was found between the 2 tested groups in push-out bond strength, and cohesive failure was the predominant failure type. In both groups, flake-shaped precipitates were observed along dentinal tubules. The EDS analysis indicated that the mass percentage of calcium and phosphorus in the precipitate was similar to that found in hydroxyapatite.

Conclusions

Regarding bonding to root dentin, Endocem MTA Premixed may have potential for use as an acceptable root-end filling material.

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Effectiveness of Sectioning Method and Filling Materials on Roughness and Cell Attachments in Root Resection Procedure
Tarek Ashi, Naji Kharouf, Olivier Etienne, Bérangère Cournault, Pierre Klienkoff, Varvara Gribova, Youssef Haikel
European Journal of Dentistry.2025; 19(01): 240. CrossRef
Bond Strength and Adhesive Interface Quality of New Pre‐Mixed Bioceramic Root Canal Sealer
Gustavo Creazzo, Bruna Monteiro de Barros Ciribelli Alves, Helena Cristina de Assis, Karen Gisselle Garay Villamayor, Manoel Damião de Sousa‐Neto, Jardel Francisco Mazzi‐Chaves, Fabiane Carneiro Lopes‐Olhê
Microscopy Research and Technique.2025; 88(7): 1989. CrossRef
Evaluation of clinical and radiographic outcome of premixed injectable mineral trioxide aggregate and conventional mineral trioxide aggregate as pulpotomy medicaments in primary molars – A split-mouth randomized control trial
U. S. Aiswarya, Sharan S. Sargod, Sundeep K. Hegde, H. T. Ajay Rao, Nanditha Hegde
Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry.2025; 43(4): 559. CrossRef
Evaluation of the root dentin bond strength and intratubular biomineralization of a premixed calcium aluminate-based hydraulic bioceramic endodontic sealer
Yu-Na Lee, Min-Kyeong Kim, Hee-Jin Kim, Mi-Kyung Yu, Kwang-Won Lee, Kyung-San Min
Journal of Oral Science.2024; 66(2): 96. CrossRef
Removal efficiency of a fast setting pozzalan-based bioactive cement: a micro CT study
Feyza Çetinkaya, Ahter Şanal Çıkman, Ali Keleş, Banu Arıcıoğlu
BMC Oral Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Antibacterial Activity and Sustained Effectiveness of Calcium Silicate-Based Cement as a Root-End Filling Material against Enterococcus faecalis
Seong-Hee Moon, Seong-Jin Shin, Seunghan Oh, Ji-Myung Bae
Materials.2023; 16(18): 6124. CrossRef

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Dentinal tubule penetration of sodium hypochlorite in root canals with and without mechanical preparation and different irrigant activation methods: Renata Aqel de Oliveira, Theodoro Weissheimer, Gabriel Barcelos Só, Ricardo Abreu da Rosa, Matheus Albino Souza, Rodrigo Gonçalves Ribeiro, Marcus Vinicius Reis Só; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(1):e1. Published online December 1, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e1

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Objectives

This study evaluated the dentinal penetration depth of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in root canals with and without preparation and different irrigant activation protocols.

Materials and Methods

Sixty-three bovine mandibular incisors were randomly allocated to 6 groups (n = 10): G1, preparation + conventional needle irrigation (CNI); G2, preparation + passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI); G3, preparation + Odous Clean (OC); G4, no preparation + CNI; G5, no preparation + PUI; G6, no preparation + OC; and CG (negative control; n = 3). Samples were filled with crystal violet for 72 hours. Irrigant activation was performed. Samples were sectioned perpendicularly along the long axis, 3 mm and 7 mm from the apex. Images of the root thirds of each block were captured with a stereomicroscope and analyzed with an image analysis software. One-way analysis of variance, followed by the Tukey post hoc test, and the Student’s t-test were used for data analysis, with a significance level of 5%.

Results

The NaOCl penetration depth was similar when preparation was performed, regardless of the method of irrigation activation (p > 0.05). In the groups without preparation, G6 showed greater NaOCl penetration depth (p < 0.05). The groups without preparation had a greater NaOCl penetration depth than those with preparation (p = 0.0019).

Conclusions

The NaOCl penetration depth was similar in groups with root canal preparation. Without root canal preparation, OC allowed deeper NaOCl penetration. The groups without preparation had greater NaOCl penetration than those undergoing root canal preparation.

Citations

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Novel approaches involving curcumin in endodontic and periodontal diseases: a scoping review
Yuxi Xing, Yanbing Zhu, Yukai Shen, Yuou Xu, Ziman Xu, Mengxue Wang, Xudong Ma, Lehua Liu, Shu Chen
BMC Oral Health.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Influence of passive ultrasonic irrigation cycles on the penetration depth of sodium hypochlorite into root dentin
Hüseyin Gündüz, Esin Özlek, Züleyha Baş
Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Evaluating the Effects of Various Antioxidants on Dentinal Tubule Penetrability of a Resin-Based Sealer: A Confocal Laser Microscopic Study
Sanjeev Srivastava, Shijita Sinha, Abhishek Singh, Aditya Singh, Pragyan Paliwal, Syed H Mehdii
Cureus.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Impact of different activation procedures on sodium hypochlorite penetration into dentinal tubules after endodontic retreatment via confocal laser scanning microscopy
Betul Gunes, Kübra Yeşildal Yeter, Yasin Altay
BMC Oral Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Debridement ability of the WaveOne Gold and TruNatomy systems in the apical third of root canals: ex vivo assessment
Sara Carvalho Avelar de Oliveira, Carlos Eduardo da Silveira Bueno, Rina Andréa Pelegrine, Carlos Eduardo Fontana, Alexandre Sigrist de Martin, Carolina Pessoa Stringheta
Brazilian Dental Journal.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Combined effect of electrical energy and graphene oxide on Enterococcus faecalis biofilms
Myung-Jin LEE, Mi-Ah KIM, Kyung-San MIN
Dental Materials Journal.2023; 42(6): 844. CrossRef

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The influence of sodium hypochlorite concentration on the fibrin structure of human blood clots and transforming growth factor-beta 1 release: an ex vivo study: Anisha Mishra, Velmurugan Natanasabapathy, Nandini Suresh; Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(4):e42. Published online October 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e42

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Objective

This study investigated the effects of various concentrations of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on human whole-blood clotting kinetics, the structure of the blood clots formed, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 release.

Materials and Methods

Human whole blood was collected from 5 healthy volunteers and divided into 4 groups: CG (control, 0.5 mL of blood), BN_0.5 (0.5 mL of blood with 0.5 mL of 0.5% NaOCl), BN₃ (0.5 mL of blood with 0.5 mL of 3% NaOCl), and BN_5.25 (0.5 mL of blood with 0.5 mL of 5.25% NaOCl). The effects of NaOCl on clotting kinetics, structure of fibrin and cells, and release of TGF-β1 were assessed using thromboelastography (TEG), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and enzyme-linked immunosobent assay, respectively. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests, followed by the post hoc Dunn test. A p value < 0.05 indicated statistical significance.

Results

The blood samples in BN_0.5 and BN₃ did not clot, whereas the TEG of BN_5.25 showed altered clot formation. Samples from the CG and BN₃ groups could only be processed with SEM, which showed that the latter lacked fibrin formation and branching of fibers, as well as clumping of red blood cells with surface roughening and distortion. TGF-β1 release was significantly highest in BN₃ when all groups were compared to CG (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Each concentration of NaOCl affected the release of TGF-β1 from blood clots and altered the clotting mechanism of blood by affecting clotting kinetics and cell structure.

Citations

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Cytotoxic Effects of Synthetic and Herbal Endodontic Irrigants on Human Red Blood Cells: An In Vitro Study
Panna Mangat, Bhaviya Chandel, Mampi Biswas, Sara Trivedy, Akshata Gupta, Nayan Shree, Seema Gupta
Cureus.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

1,759 View
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Evaluation of blood clot, platelet-rich plasma, and platelet-rich fibrin–mediated regenerative endodontic procedures in teeth with periapical pathology: a CBCT study: Swati Markandey, Haridas Das Adhikari; Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(4):e41. Published online October 21, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e41

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Objectives

This study compared the clinical and radiological outcomes of regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) using blood clots (BCs), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) through intraoral periapical radiography (IOPAR) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Methods

Forty-five single-rooted necrotic teeth with periapical pathology were randomly allocated to receive BC, PRP, or PRF as an individual scaffold. Outcomes were evaluated in 35 teeth in 23 patients with a follow-up period of 12–24 months through qualitative IOPAR scoring and quantitative CBCT measurements. Healing of periapical lesions and in immature teeth, changes in the apical foramen diameter (AFD), root wall thickness (RWT), and root length (RL) were assessed. A p value less than 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.

Results

All teeth were asymptomatic except 1 in the PRP group. Periapical lesion healing was seen in all except 2 teeth in the BC group and 3 in the PRP group. Both IOPAR and CBCT revealed no significant differences in bone healing or changes in AFD, RWT, and RL among the 3 groups. A positive pulp sensibility response to the cold test was seen in 2 teeth in the BC group, but none to the electric pulp test. Intracanal calcification (ICC) was evident in more teeth in the BC group than in the PRP and PRF groups, and was also significantly higher in immature teeth.

Conclusions

Our results revealed that BC, PRP, and PRF have similar potential as scaffolds in REPs, and ICC may be a concern for long-term outcomes.

Citations

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Regenerative potential of concentrated growth factor compared to platelet-rich fibrin in treatment of necrotic mature teeth: a randomized clinical trial
Taghreed Salah, Wael Hussein, Heba Abdelkafy
BDJ Open.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Clinical and radiographic outcomes of non-surgical retreatment of mature maxillary incisors using two regenerative endodontic techniques in adolescents: a 24-month randomized clinical trial
Ahmad Abdel Hamid Elheeny, Sherif Shafik EL Bahnasy, Yassmin Mohamed ElMakawi, Mohammed Turky, Eman Farouk Ahmed, Norhan Khaled Omar Wahba
BDJ Open.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes of Autologous Platelet-Rich Products in Regenerative Endodontics: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Raewyn Huang, Wei Chen, Matthew Fang, Ove A. Peters, Sepanta Hosseinpour
Dentistry Journal.2025; 13(6): 236. CrossRef
Regenerative Endodontics in the Treatment of Periapical Lesions of Endodontic Origin: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
BelHaj Salah Kawthar, Berrima Fatma, Boukhris Hanen, Gnaba Imen, Ben Youssef Souha
The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice.2025; 26(6): 623. CrossRef
Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin Plus Sealed Exclusively with Glass Ionomer Cement: Setting a New Standard for Healing, Aesthetics and Predictive Modelling in Regenerative Endodontics
Dubravka Turjanski, Dragutin Lisjak, Petra Bučević Sojčić, Jelena Valpotić, Tea Borojević Renić, Kristina Goršeta, Domagoj Glavina
Materials.2025; 18(18): 4421. CrossRef
Evaluation of different scaffolds and intracanal medications in revascularization of nonvital immature permanent teeth
Mona M. A. Sameia, Abeer M. Darrag, Neveen A. Shaheen, Dina A. Attia
Tanta Dental Journal.2025; 22(4): 693. CrossRef
Biomimetic pulp scaffolds prepared from extracellular matrix derived from stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth promote pulp–dentine complex regeneration
Ning Yang, Rou Shen, Wenxiao Yang, Shengcai Zhang, Tianxing Gong, Yao Liu
International Endodontic Journal.2024; 57(9): 1279. CrossRef
Arrest and Repair of Inflammatory Root Resorption After an Endodontic Regeneration Procedure – A Hypothesis and Case Report
Arieh Y. Kaufman, Bill Kahler
Journal of Endodontics.2024; 50(12): 1743. CrossRef
Effect of Platelet Rich Plasma in Regenerative Endodontic Treatment: A Review of Clinical Trials
Hojat Rezazadeh, Mehrnaz Okhovatfard
Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology.2023; : 5562. CrossRef

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Calcium-doped zinc oxide nanocrystals as an innovative intracanal medicament: a pilot study: Gabriela Leite de Souza, Thamara Eduarda Alves Magalhães, Gabrielle Alves Nunes Freitas, Nelly Xiomara Alvarado Lemus, Gabriella Lopes de Rezende Barbosa, Anielle Christine Almeida Silva, Camilla Christian Gomes Moura; Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(4):e38. Published online October 4, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e38

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Objectives

This study investigated the cytotoxicity, radiopacity, pH, and dentinal tubule penetration of a paste of 1.0% calcium-doped zinc oxide nanocrystals (ZnO:1.0Ca) combined with propylene glycol (PRG) or polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol (PEG-PRG).

Materials and Methods

The pastes were prepared by mixing calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)₂] or ZnO:1.0Ca with PRG or a PEG-PRG mixture. The pH was evaluated after 24 and 96 hours of storage in deionized water. Digital radiographs were acquired for radiopacity analysis and bubble counting of each material. The materials were labeled with 0.1% fluorescein and applied to root canals, and images of their dentinal tubule penetration were obtained using confocal laser scanning microscopy. RAW264.7 macrophages were placed in different dilutions of culture media previously exposed to the materials for 24 and 96 hours and tested for cell viability using the MTT assay. Analysis of variance and the Tukey test (α = 0.05) were performed.

Results

ZnO:1.0Ca materials showed lower viability at 1:1 and 1:2 dilutions than Ca(OH)₂ materials (p < 0.0001). Ca(OH)₂ had higher pH values than ZnO:1.0Ca at 24 and 96 hours, regardless of the vehicle (p < 0.05). ZnO:1.0Ca pastes showed higher radiopacity than Ca(OH)₂ pastes (p < 0.01). No between-material differences were found in bubble counting (p = 0.0902). The ZnO:1.0Ca pastes had a greater penetration depth than Ca(OH)₂ in the apical third (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions

ZnO:1.0Ca medicaments presented higher penetrability, cell viability, and radiopacity than Ca(OH)₂. Higher values of cell viability and pH were present in Ca(OH)₂ than in ZnO:1.0Ca.

Citations

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Nano calcium zincate-assisted synthesis of benzo[ d ]thiazol-2-yl phenylisoxazoles: quantum computational, in silico molecular docking simulations and DNA interaction
A. K. Smitha, V. Srinivasa Murthy, B. Vinay Kumar, M. Sennappan, A. H. Shridhar, Lohit Naik, K. Yogendra, N. Madhusudhana
Nucleosides, Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids.2025; : 1. CrossRef
Nanomaterial-Enhanced Dentistry: A Clinical Perspective
Selvam Manoj, Radhakrishnan Sreena, Rajkumar Divya, Starlin Ebinesh, Shenbagaraman Akshaya, Srikumar Sugantha Angel, Arputharaj Joseph Nathanael
ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering.2025; 11(8): 4671. CrossRef

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Resin infiltrant protects deproteinized dentin against erosive and abrasive wear: Ana Theresa Queiroz de Albuquerque, Bruna Oliveira Bezerra, Isabelly de Carvalho Leal, Maria Denise Rodrigues de Moraes, Mary Anne S. Melo, Vanara Florêncio Passos; Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(3):e29. Published online July 1, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e29

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Objectives

This study aimed to investigate the anti-erosive/abrasive effect of resin infiltration of previous deproteinized dentin.

Materials and Methods

Dentin slabs were randomly assigned to 3 groups (n = 15): Control (no deproteinization; no resin infiltrant applied), RI (no deproteinization; resin infiltrant applied), and DRI (deproteinization; resin infiltrant applied). After undergoing the assigned treatment, all slabs were subjected to an in vitro cycling model for 5 days. The specimens were immersed in citric acid (0.05 M, pH = 3.75; 60 seconds; 3 times/day) and brushed (150 strokes). Between the challenges, the specimens were exposed to a remineralizing solution (60 minutes). The morphological alterations were analyzed by mechanical profilometry (µm) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were submitted to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey tests (p < 0.05).

Results

Control and RI groups presented mineral wear and did not significantly differ from each other (p = 0.063). DRI maintained a protective layer preserving the dentin (p < 0.001). After erosive/abrasive cycles, it was observed that in group RI, only 25% of the slabs partially evidenced the presence of the infiltrating, while, in the DRI group, 80% of the slabs presented the treated surface entirely covered by a resin-component layer protecting the dentin surface as observed in SEM images.

Conclusions

The removal of the organic content allows the resin infiltrant to efficiently protect the dentin surface against erosive/abrasive lesions.

Citations

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Acidic/abrasive challenges on simulated non-carious cervical lesions development and morphology
Giovanna C. Denucci, Ian Towle, Cecilia P. Turssi, George J. Eckert, Anderson T. Hara
Archives of Oral Biology.2025; 169: 106120. CrossRef
Physio‐Mechanic and Microscopic Analyses of Bioactive Glass‐Based Resin Infiltrants
Syed Zubairuddin Ahmed, Abdul Samad Khan, Wejdan Waleed Nasser, Methayel Abdulrahman Alrushaid, Zahrah Mohammed Alfaraj, Moayad Mohammed Aljeshi, Asma Tufail Shah, Budi Aslinie Md Sabri, Sultan Akhtar, Mohamed Ibrahim Abu Hassan
Microscopy Research and Technique.2025; 88(2): 595. CrossRef
Resin Infiltration Treatment of Developmental Enamel Defects in a Patient With Hydrocephalus and Cerebral Palsy: A Case Report on the Impact on the Maternal Caregiver
Eduarda Martins Fontes Cantarella de Almeida, Anna Luísa Araujo Pimenta, Francisco Wanderley Garcia de Paula‐Silva, Fabricio Kitazono de Carvalho, Laurindo Borelli‐Neto, Susanne Effenberger, Fernanda de Carvalho Panzeri, Silmara Aparecida Milori Corona, K
Special Care in Dentistry.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

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Effectiveness and safety of rotary and reciprocating kinematics for retreatment of curved root canals: a systematic review of in vitro studies: Lucas Pinho Simões, Alexandre Henrique dos Reis-Prado, Carlos Roberto Emerenciano Bueno, Ana Cecília Diniz Viana, Marco Antônio Húngaro Duarte, Luciano Tavares Angelo Cintra, Cleidiel Aparecido Araújo Lemos, Francine Benetti; Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(2):e22. Published online April 6, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e22

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Objectives

This systematic review (register-osf.io/wg7ba) compared the efficacy and safety of rotary and reciprocating kinematics in the removal of filling material from curved root canals.

Materials and Methods

Only in vitro studies evaluating both kinematics during retreatment were included. A systematic search (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and other databases, until January 2021), data extraction, and risk of bias analysis (Joanna Briggs Institute checklist) were performed. Efficacy in filling removal was the primary outcome.

Results

The search resulted in 2,795 studies, of which 15 were included. Efficacy was measured in terms of the remaining filling material and the time required for this. Nine studies evaluated filling material removal, of which 7 found no significant differences between rotary and reciprocating kinematics. Regarding the time for filling removal, 5 studies showed no difference between both kinematics, 2 studies showed faster results with rotary systems, and other 2 showed the opposite. No significant differences were found in apical transportation, centering ability, instrument failure, dentin removed and extruded debris. A low risk of bias was observed.

Conclusions

This review suggests that the choice of rotary or reciprocating kinematics does not influence the efficacy of filling removal from curved root canals. Further studies are needed to compare the kinematics safety in curved root canals.

Citations

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EVALUATION OF MICROLEAKAGE AFTER ENDODONTIC FILLING IN TEETH WITH APICAL WIDENING: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Isabella da Costa Ferreira, Gabriela da Costa Ferreira, Isabella Figueiredo de Assis Macedo, Gustavo Oliveira Campos, Isabella Faria da Cunha Peixoto, Ana Cecília Diniz Viana, Rodrigo Rodrigues Amaral, Warley Luciano Fonseca Tavares
ARACÊ .2025; 7(10): e8792. CrossRef
Fifteen years of engine‐driven nickel–titanium reciprocating instruments, what do we know so far? An umbrella review
Felipe Immich, Lucas Peixoto de Araújo, Rafaella Rodrigues da Gama, Wellington Luiz de Oliveira da Rosa, Evandro Piva, Giampiero Rossi‐Fedele
Australian Endodontic Journal.2024; 50(2): 409. CrossRef
Efficacy of Various Heat-treated Retreatment File Systems on the Apical Deformity and Canal Centering Ability in a Single-rooted Teeth using Nano CT
Swathi S, Pradeep Solete, Ganesh Jeevanandan, Delphine Priscilla Antony S, Kavalipurapu Venkata Teja, Dona Sanju
The Open Dentistry Journal.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Micro-CT evaluation of the removal of root fillings using rotary and reciprocating systems supplemented by XP-Endo Finisher, the Self-Adjusting File, or Er,Cr:YSGG laser
Gülsen Kiraz, Bulem Üreyen Kaya, Mert Ocak, Muhammet Bora Uzuner, Hakan Hamdi Çelik
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Influence of sodium hypochlorite on cyclic fatigue resistance of nickel–titanium instruments: A systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro studies
Alexandre Henrique dos Reis-Prado, Lucas Guimarães Abreu, Lara Cancella de Arantes, Kiani dos Santos de Paula, Sabrina de Castro Oliveira, Juliana Goto, Ana Cecília Diniz Viana, Francine Benetti
Clinical Oral Investigations.2023; 27(11): 6291. CrossRef
Retreatment of XP-endo Shaper and R-Endo files in curved root canals
Hayam Y. Hassan, Fahd M. Hadhoud, Ayman Mandorah
BMC Oral Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Advancing Endodontics through Kinematics
Shilpa Bhandi, Dario Di Nardo, Francesco Pagnoni, Rosemary Abbagnale
World Journal of Dentistry.2023; 14(6): 479. CrossRef

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Bonding effects of cleaning protocols and time-point of acid etching on dentin impregnated with endodontic sealer: Tatiane Miranda Manzoli, Joissi Ferrari Zaniboni, João Felipe Besegato, Flávia Angélica Guiotti, Andréa Abi Rached Dantas, Milton Carlos Kuga; Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(2):e21. Published online April 6, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e21

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Objectives

This study aimed to investigate the bonding effects of cleaning protocols on dentin impregnated with endodontic sealer residues using ethanol (E) or xylol (X). The effects of dentin acid etching immediately (I) or 7 days (P) after cleaning were also evaluated. For bonding to dentin, universal adhesive (Scotchbond Universal; 3M ESPE) was used. The persistence of sealer residues, hybrid layer formation and microshear bond strength were the performed analysis.

Materials and Methods

One hundred and twenty bovine dentin specimens were allocated into 4 groups (n = 10): G1 (E+I); G2 (X+I); G3 (E+P); and G4 (X+P). The persistence of sealer residues was evaluated by SEM. Confocal laser scanning microscopy images were taken to measure the formed hybrid layer using the Image J program. For microshear bond strength, 4 resin composite cylinders were placed over the dentin after the cleaning protocols. ANOVA followed by Tukey test and Kruskal-Wallis followed by Dunn test were used for parametric and non-parametric data, respectively (α = 5%).

Results

G2 and G4 groups showed a lower persistence of residues (p < 0.05) and thicker hybrid layer than the other groups (p < 0.05). No bond strength differences among all groups were observed (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

Dentin cleaning using xylol, regardless of the time-point of acid etching, provided lower persistence of residues over the surface and thicker hybrid layer. However, the bond strength of the universal adhesive system in etch-and-rinse strategy was not influenced by the cleaning protocols or time-point of acid etching.

Citations

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Efficacy of Post-Endodontic Access Cavity Cleaning Techniques: A Randomized Clinical Study
Ayse Karadayi, Elif Irem Altintas, Ezgi Tüter Bayraktar, Bora Korkut
Journal of Endodontics.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Does cleaning of post space before cementation of fiber reinforced post affect the push-out bond strength to resin cement?
Maher S. Hajjaj, Khalid A. Alghamdi, Abdulrahman A. Alshehri, Hassan A. Almusallam, Nabeel M. Munshi, Osamah A. Alsulimani, Naseeba H. Khouja, Yousef A. Alnowailaty, Saeed J. Alzahrani
BMC Oral Health.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Influence of the Use of a Mixed Solution of Equal Amounts of Amyl Acetate, Acetone, and Ethanol on the Cleaning of Endodontic Sealer Residues on the Bond Strength of the Fiber Post Cementation System: A Laboratory Investigation
Antonia Patricia Oliveira Barros, Ana Paula Aparecida Raimundo Alves Freitas, Frederico Guilherme Otto Kokol, Elizangela Maria Pereira de Souza, Adirson Jorge Junior, Cristiane de Melo Alencar, Marcelo Ferrarezi de Andrade, Milton Carlos Kuga
The Open Dentistry Journal.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Effects of the application protocol and bonding strategy of the universal adhesive on dentin previously impregnated with bioceramic sealer
Antonia Patricia Oliveira Barros, Joatan Lucas de Sousa Gomes Costa, Jardel Camilo do Carmo Monteiro, Lucas David Galvani, Marcelo Ferrarezi de Andrade, José Roberto Cury Saad, Milton Carlos Kuga
International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives.2024; 134: 103765. CrossRef
Influência do protocolo de remoção de resíduos de cimentos à base de resina epóxi sobre a interface de adesão com o adesivo universal, utilizado na estratégia condiciona-e-lava
Paulo Firmino Da Costa Neto, Mariana Bena Gelio, Elisângela Maria Pereira De Souza, Jardel Camilo do Carmo Monteiro, Adirson Jorge Júnior, Thais Piragine Leandrin, José Roberto Cury Saad, Milton Carlos Kuga
Cuadernos de Educación y Desarrollo.2023; 15(5): 4802. CrossRef

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Effects of calcium silicate cements on neuronal conductivity: Derya Deniz-Sungur, Mehmet Ali Onur, Esin Akbay, Gamze Tan, Fügen Daglı-Comert, Taner Cem Sayın; Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(2):e18. Published online March 7, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e18

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Objectives

This study evaluated alterations in neuronal conductivity related to calcium silicate cements (CSCs) by investigating compound action potentials (cAPs) in rat sciatic nerves.

Materials and Methods

Sciatic nerves were placed in a Tyrode bath and cAPs were recorded before, during, and after the application of test materials for 60-minute control, application, and recovery measurements, respectively. Freshly prepared ProRoot MTA, MTA Angelus, Biodentine, Endosequence RRM-Putty, BioAggregate, and RetroMTA were directly applied onto the nerves. Biopac LabPro version 3.7 was used to record and analyze cAPs. The data were statistically analyzed.

Results

None of the CSCs totally blocked cAPs. RetroMTA, Biodentine, and MTA Angelus caused no significant alteration in cAPs (p > 0.05). Significantly lower cAPs were observed in recovery measurements for BioAggregate than in the control condition (p < 0.05). ProRoot MTA significantly but transiently reduced cAPs in the application period compared to the control period (p < 0.05). Endosequence RRM-Putty significantly reduced cAPs.

Conclusions

Various CSCs may alter cAPs to some extent, but none of the CSCs irreversibly blocked them. The usage of fast-setting CSCs during apexification or regeneration of immature teeth seems safer than slow-setting CSCs due to their more favorable neuronal effects.

Citations

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Endodontic Sealers and Innovations to Enhance Their Properties: A Current Review
Anna Błaszczyk-Pośpiech, Natalia Struzik, Maria Szymonowicz, Przemysław Sareło, Maria Wiśniewska-Wrona, Kamila Wiśniewska, Maciej Dobrzyński, Magdalena Wawrzyńska
Materials.2025; 18(18): 4259. CrossRef

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Case Report

Leukocyte platelet-rich fibrin in endodontic microsurgery: a report of 2 cases: Mariana Domingos Pires, Jorge N. R. Martins, Abayomi Omokeji Baruwa, Beatriz Pereira, António Ginjeira; Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(2):e17. Published online March 4, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e17

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Endodontic microsurgery is a predictable treatment option when orthograde treatment or retreatment is unsuccessful or unfeasible. However, when there is a gross compromise of periapical bone, achievement of bone regeneration after the surgical procedure may be hampered. In such cases, the application of guided tissue regeneration principles, with adjunctive use of leukocyte platelet-rich fibrin to fill the bone defect as a bone substitute and as a membrane to cover the site, provides a cost-effective solution with the benefits of accelerated physiological healing and reduced post-surgical pain and discomfort. This case report presents 2 cases of endodontic microsurgery of the upper lateral incisors with loss of buccal cortical plate, where platelet-rich fibrin was successfully applied.

Citations

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Focuses and Trends of Research on Platelet-Rich Fibrin: A Bibliometric and Visual Analysis
Ying Zhao, Chen Dong, Liumeizi Fan, Ting Lei, Xin Ge, Zhou Yu, Sheng Hu
Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery.2024; 57(05): 356. CrossRef

1,560 View
30 Download
1 Web of Science
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Research Articles

Efficacy of reciprocating instruments and final irrigant activation protocols on retreatment of mesiobuccal roots of maxillary molars: a micro-CT analysis: Lilian Tietz, Renan Diego Furlan, Ricardo Abreu da Rosa, Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte, Murilo Priori Alcalde, Rodrigo Ricci Vivan, Theodoro Weissheimer, Marcus Vinicius Reis Só; Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(1):e13. Published online February 15, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e13

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Objectives

This study evaluated the efficacy of 3 reciprocating systems and the effects of 2 instruments for irrigant activation on filling material removal.

Materials and Methods

Forty mesiobuccal roots of maxillary molars were prepared up to size 25.06 and obturated. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) examination #1 was performed. Teeth were then divided into 4 groups (n = 10), according to the retreatment protocol: (1) manual, (2) Reciproc Blue, (3) WaveOne Gold, and (4) X1 Blue. Micro-CT examinations #2 and #3 were performed after filling removal and repreparation, respectively. Next, all teeth were divided into 2 new groups (n = 20) according to the irrigant activation protocol: XP Clean (XP Clean size 25.02) and Flatsonic (Flatsonic ultrasonic tip). Micro-CT examination #4 was performed after irrigant activation. Statistical analysis was performed with a significance level set at 5%.

Results

WaveOne Gold removed a significantly greater amount of filling material than the manual group (p < 0.05). The time to reach the WL was similar for all reciprocating systems (p > 0.05). X1 Blue was faster than the manual group (p < 0.05). Only manual group improved the filling material removal after the repreparation stage (p < 0.05). Both activation protocols significantly improved the filling material removal (p < 0.05), without differences between them (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

None of the tested instruments completely removed the filling material. X1 Blue size 25.06 reached the working length in the shortest time. XP Clean and Flatsonic improved the filling material removal.

Citations

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Supplementary instrumentation did not enhance the removal of residual gutta-percha: a micro-computed tomography study
Selin Nur Ayaz, Meltem Kucuk, Deniz Yanık Nalbantoğlu, Ali Keles, Amine Yigit, Fugen Dagli Comert Tasman, Bekir Karabucak
Odontology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Supplementary methods for filling material removal: A systematic review and meta-analysis of micro-CT imaging studies
Bruna Venzke Fischer, Taynara Santos Goulart, Filipe Colombo Vitali, Diego Leonardo de Souza, Cleonice da Silveira Teixeira, Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garcia
Journal of Dentistry.2024; 151: 105445. CrossRef
Evaluation of the Ability of 3 Reciprocating Instruments to Remove Obturation Material: A Micro–Computed Tomography Study
Fábio Luiz Cecagno, Alexandre Sigrist De Martin, Carlos Eduardo Fontana, Bruno Cavalini Cavenago, Wayne Martins Nascimento, Ana Grasiela da Silva Limoeiro, Carlos Eduardo da Silveira Bueno
Journal of Endodontics.2024; 50(3): 376. CrossRef
Comparative evaluation of cleaning efficiency of single file NiTi rotary system during root canal treatment procedure - A scanning electron microscope study
Ruchi Vashisht, Umesh Kumar, Swaty Jhamb, Ruchi Singla
Journal of Conservative Dentistry.2023; 26(3): 316. CrossRef
Influence of rotary and reciprocating kinematics on the accuracy of an integrated apex locator
Verônica de Almeida Gardelin, Júlia Itzel Acosta Moreno Vinholes, Renata Grazziotin‐Soares, Fernanda Geraldo Pappen, Fernando Branco Barletta
Australian Endodontic Journal.2023; 49(S1): 202. CrossRef

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Effect of irrigants on the color stability, solubility, and surface characteristics of calcium-silicate based cements: Selen Küçükkaya Eren, Sevinc Askerbeyli Örs, Hacer Aksel, Şenay Canay, Duygu Karasan; Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(1):e10. Published online February 10, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e10

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Objectives

This study aimed to investigate the color stability, solubility, and surface characteristics of 3 calcium silicate-based cements (CSCs) after immersion in different solutions.

Materials and Methods

ProRoot white mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), Biodentine, and Endosequence Root Repair Material (ERRM) were placed in cylindrical molds and stored at 37°C for 24 hours. Each specimen was immersed in distilled water, 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine, or 0.1% octenidine hydrochloride (OCT) for 24 hours. Color changes were measured with a spectrophotometer. Solubility was determined using an analytical balance with 10⁻⁵ g accuracy. The surface characteristics were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. Data were analyzed using 2-way analysis of variance, the Tukey test, and the paired t-test.

Results

MTA exhibited significant discoloration in contact with NaOCl (p < 0.05). White precipitation occurred on the surfaces of Biodentine and ERRM after contact with the solutions, and none of the materials presented dark brown discoloration. All materials showed significant solubility after immersion in the solutions (p < 0.05), irrespective of the solution type (p > 0.05). The surface topography and elemental composition of the samples showed different patterns of crystal formation and precipitation depending on the solution type.

Conclusions

All materials presented some amount of solubility and showed crystal precipitation after contact with the solutions. Biodentine and ERRM are suitable alternatives to ProRoot MTA as they do not exhibit discoloration. The use of OCT can be considered safe for CSCs.

Citations

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Chemical and in vivo analyses of calcium silicate‐based materials in bone and connective tissues
Ana Cristina Padilha Janini, Lauter Eston Pelepenko, Brenda Fornazaro Moraes, Victor Augusto Benedicto dos Santos, Matheus Barros‐Costa, Isabela Alvarenga Maciel dos Santos, Fábio Roberto de Souza Batista, Juliana de Aguiar Silveira Meira, Mariza Akemi Ma
International Endodontic Journal.2025; 58(3): 484. CrossRef
Topic: Perspectives on Success and Failure of Endodontic Treatments
Ilma Robo, Manola Kelmendi, Eva Habazaj, Kleves Elezi, Rialda Xhizdari, Nevila Alliu
SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Bismuth release from endodontic materials: Proposed mechanisms for systemic circulation and organ accumulation
Lauter Eston Pelepenko, Benjamin Hewitt, Rodrigo Bueno de Oliveira, Brenda Fornazaro Moraes, Débora C. Coraça-Huber, Ana Cristina Padilha Janini, Marina Angélica Marciano
Journal of Hazardous Materials.2025; 494: 138580. CrossRef
Effect of Vital Pulp Therapy Biomaterials on Tooth Discolouration: A Review of the Literature
Maedeh Gilvari Sarshari, Kiana Shakeri, Ardavan Parhizkar, Naresh Kasoju
International Journal of Biomaterials.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Data about application of chlorhexidine as a periodontal irrigant – Systematic Review.
Ilma Robo, Manola Kelmendi , Eva Habazaj , Kristi Sulanjaku , Nevila Alliu
Acta Stomatologica Marisiensis Journal.2025; 8(1): 6. CrossRef
Biocompatibility of Hydraulic Calcium Silicate-Based Cement MTA FlowTM on Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells In Vitro
Paulius Tušas, Josette Camilleri, Milda Alksnė, Egidijus Šimoliūnas, Saulius Drukteinis, Eglė Marija Urbonė, Virginija Bukelskienė, Vygandas Rutkūnas, Vytautė Pečiulienė
Journal of Functional Biomaterials.2025; 16(7): 252. CrossRef
Evaluation of the Effects of Different Irrigation Solutions on MTA and Dentin Microhardness
Gokay Buyukcolpan, İdil Özden, Hesna Sazak Öveçoğlu
Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences.2025; 15(3): 524. CrossRef
Comparative Evaluation of the Intratubular Penetration Ability of Two Retrograde Obturation Techniques in Micro-Endodontic Surgical Procedure: An In Vitro Study with Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy
Alberto Casino Alegre, Michell Ramírez López, Manuel Monterde Hernández, Susana Aranda Verdú, Jorge Rubio Climent, Antonio Pallarés Sabater
Dentistry Journal.2025; 13(11): 509. CrossRef
Time-dependent Tooth Color Changes Following Conventional, Silver-based, and Photodynamic Root Canal Irrigants: An In Vitro Study
Laila Mohamed Mohamed Kenawi, Mohamed Fattouh, Khaled Abid Althaqafi, Abla Arafa
The Open Dentistry Journal.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
The outcome of combined use of iRoot BP Plus and iRoot SP for root-end filling in endodontic microsurgery: a randomized controlled trial
Xu Dong, Qin Su, Wen Li, Jinbo Yang, Dongzhe Song, Jing Yang, Xin Xu
Clinical Oral Investigations.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
How Does Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid Irrigation Affect Biodentine? A Multimethod Ex Vivo Study
Katarzyna Dąbrowska, Aleksandra Palatyńska-Ulatowska, Leszek Klimek
Materials.2024; 17(6): 1230. CrossRef
Color stability and solubility of Biodentine and NeoPutty in contact with different irrigation solutions
Sıla Nur Usta, Cangül Keskin
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The impact of various irrigation solutions on the color stabilities of five calcium silicate cement: an in-vitro study
Aslı Soğukpınar Onsuren, Onur Kesici, Elif Uğurbekler Hündü
Selcuk Dental Journal.2024; 11(3): 313. CrossRef
Bioceramics in Endodontics: Updates and Future Perspectives
Xu Dong, Xin Xu
Bioengineering.2023; 10(3): 354. CrossRef
Effect of calcium silicate-based endodontic sealers on tooth color: A 3-year in vitro experimental study
Carmen Llena, Ana Herrero, Sandra Lloret, Martha Barraza, Jose Luis Sanz
Heliyon.2023; 9(2): e13237. CrossRef
Evaluation of the Shear Bond Strength of Four Bioceramic Materials with Different Restorative Materials and Timings
Abeer S. Alqahtani, Ayman M. Sulimany, Abdullah S. Alayad, Abdulaziz S. Alqahtani, Omar A. Bawazir
Materials.2022; 15(13): 4668. CrossRef

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Comparison of instrumental methods for color change assessment of Giomer resins: Luiza de Almeida Queiroz Ferreira, Rogéli Tibúrcio Ribeiro da Cunha Peixoto, Cláudia Silami de Magalhães, Tassiana Melo Sá, Monica Yamauti, Francisca Daniele Moreira Jardilino; Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(1):e8. Published online February 3, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e8

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Objectives

The aim of this study was to compare the color change of the Giomer resin composite (Beautifil-Bulk) by using photographs obtained with a smartphone (iPhone 6S) associated with Adobe Photoshop software (digital method), with the spectrophotometric method (Vita Easyshade) after immersion in different pigment solutions.

Materials and Methods

Twenty resin composite samples with a diameter of 15.0 mm and thickness of 1.0 mm were confectioned in A2 color (n = 5). Photographs and initial color readings were performed with a smartphone and spectrophotometer, respectively. Then, samples were randomly divided and subjected to cycles of immersion in distilled water (control), açai, Coke, and tomato sauce, 3 times a day, 20 minutes for 7 days. Later, new photographs and color readings were taken.

Results

The analysis (2-way analysis of variance, Holm-Sidak, p < 0.05) demonstrated no statistical difference (p < 0.005) between the methods in all groups. Similar color changes were observed for all pigment solutions when using the spectrophotometric method. For the digital method, all color changes were clinically unacceptable, with distilled water and tomato sauce similar to each other and with statistical differences (p < 0.005) for Coke and açai.

Conclusions

Only the tomato sauce produced a color change above the acceptability threshold using both methods of color assessment. The spectrophotometric and digital methods produce different patterns of color change. According to our results, the spectrophotometric method is more recommended in color change assessment.

Citations

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The effects of mechanical and chemical degradation on the surface roughness, gloss, and color stability of bulk-fill resin composites
Merve Nezir, Hanife Altınışık, Esra Özyurt, Naz Bayar, Mediha Büyükgöze Dindar
BMC Oral Health.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Are Sculptable Bulk‐Fill Composites Susceptible to Color Change: A Systematic Review
Jamieson Wong, Constance Yeo, Michelle The, Filip Taneski, Uros Josic, Lorenzo Breschi, Vesna Miletic
Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Color Image Expression through CIE L*a*b* System in Foods
Hyun-Woong Choi, Seong-Eun Park, Hong-Seok Son
Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition.2023; 52(2): 223. CrossRef

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Shape and anatomical relationship of the mental foramen to the mandibular premolars in an Indian sub-population: a retrospective CBCT analysis: Komal Sheth, Kulvinder Singh Banga, Ajinkya M. Pawar, James L. Gutmann, Hyeon-Cheol Kim; Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(1):e1. Published online December 13, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e1

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Objectives

This study assessed the shape and anatomical relationship of the mental foramen (MF) to mandibular posterior teeth in an Indian sub-population.

Materials and Methods

In total, 475 existing cone-beam computed tomography records exhibiting 950 MFs and including the bilateral presence of mandibular premolars and first molars were assessed. Images were evaluated 3-dimensionally to ascertain the position, shape, and anatomical proximity of MFs to mandibular teeth. The position and shape of MFs were measured and calculated. The Pythagorean theorem was used to calculate the distance between the root apex of the mandibular teeth and the MF.

Results

MFs exhibited a predominantly round shape (left: 67% and right: 65%) followed by oval (left: 30% and right: 31%) in both males and females and in different age groups. The root apices of mandibular second premolars (left: 71% and right: 62%) were closest to the MF, followed by distal to the first premolars and mesial to the second premolars. The mean vertical distance between the MF and the nearest tooth apex calculated on sagittal sections was 2.20 mm on the right side and 2.32 mm on the left side; no significant difference was found according to sex or age. The distance between the apices of the teeth and the MF was ≥ 4 mm (left; 4.09 ± 1.27 mm and right; 4.01 ± 1.15 mm).

Conclusions

These findings highlight the need for clinicians to be aware of the location of the MF in treatment planning and while performing non-surgical and surgical endodontic procedures.

Citations

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Optimising Treatment Strategies: Labial versus Labio-inferior Plating Using Three-dimensional Miniplates for Mandibular Symphysis and Parasymphysis Fractures
Akash P Muralidharan, Kalyani Bhate, K Mithun Nilgiri, Sumithra S Nair, Lakshmi Shetty, Rose Johnson
Advances in Human Biology.2025; 15(2): 242. CrossRef
Morphometric analysis of mental foramen in retained cadaveric specimens of mandibles of Sri Lankan population
Dadallage Tharanga De Silva, Usliyanage Clifford Priyantha Perera
Anatomical Science International.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
A Cross-Sectional CBCT Study of Anterior Loop, Accessory Mental Foramen, and Lingual Foramina in Patients’ Mandibles: Implications for Safer Implant Planning
Abbas Shokri, Mohammad Mahdi Maleki, Leili Tapak
Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Radiographic Recognition of Mental Nerve for Secured Dental Implant Placement by Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in Mosul City Population
Asmaa B. Al-Saffar, Mekdad H. Alrigbo, Rawaa Y. Al-Rawee
Journal of Craniofacial Surgery.2024; 35(7): 2049. CrossRef
Accuracy of Implant Size Prediction Based on Edentulous Ridge Dimension on Cone-beam Computed Tomography - A Retrospective Study
Hunter R. Jolicoeur, Gerard A. Camargo, Tamara G. Stephenson, Wenjian Zhang
Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery.2024; 14(2): 187. CrossRef
Mental Foramenin Panoramik Radyografi ve Konik Işınlı Bilgisayarlı Tomografi Görüntüleri Üzerinde Morfolojik Analizi
Ezgi UZUN, Burak Kerem APAYDIN, Ayşen TİL
Selcuk Dental Journal.2023; 10(3): 540. CrossRef
Evaluation of the Possible Relationship between the Curvature and Horizontal Course of the Inferior Alveolar Canal
Cansu G. Koca, M. Fatih Çiçek, Sanaz Sadry, Ozan Yenidünya, Fatma Akkoca Kaplan, Aras Erdil
Current Medical Imaging Formerly Current Medical Imaging Reviews.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

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The effect of using nanoparticles in bioactive glass on its antimicrobial properties: Maram Farouk Obeid, Kareim Moustafa El-Batouty, Mohammed Aslam; Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(4):e58. Published online October 29, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e58

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Objectives

This study addresses the effect of using nanoparticles (np) on the antimicrobial properties of bioactive glass (BAG) when used in intracanal medicaments against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) biofilms.

Materials and Methods

E. faecalis biofilms, grown inside 90 root canals for 21 days, were randomly divided into 4 groups according to the antimicrobial regimen followed (n = 20; BAG-np, BAG, calcium hydroxide [CaOH], and saline). After 1 week, residual live bacteria were quantified in terms of colony-forming units (CFU), while dead bacteria were assessed with a confocal laser scanning microscope.

Results

Although there was a statistically significant decrease in the mean CFU value among all groups, the nano-group performed the best. The highest percentage of dead bacteria was detected in the BAG-np group, with a significant difference from the BAG group.

Conclusions

The reduction of particle size and use of a nano-form of BAG improved the antimicrobial properties of the intracanal treatment of E. faecalis biofilms

Citations

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Size matters: Radiation shielding superiority of borate glasses with nano vs. micro ZnO
Aljawhara H. Almuqrin, M.I. Sayyed, M. Elsafi
Nuclear Engineering and Technology.2025; 57(9): 103614. CrossRef
Effect of Chitosan and bioactive glass nanomaterials as intracanal medicaments on TGF-β1 release from intraradicular dentin
Sarah Salah Hashem, Mohammed M. Khalefa, Mahmoud Hassan Mohamed, Hemat M. ELSheikh, Fatma Abd El-Rahman Taher
BMC Oral Health.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of Er: YAG laser, phthalocyanine activated photodynamic therapy, and bioactive glass nanoparticles on smear layer removal and push out bond strength of quartz fiber posts to canal dentin: a SEM assessment
Okba Mahmoud, Erum Zain
Frontiers in Dental Medicine.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Advancements in Root Canal Therapy: Translational Innovations and the Role of Nanoparticles in Endodontic Treatment
Noha M. Badawi, Mohamed M. Kataia, Hadeel A. Mousa, Mozhgan Afshari
Journal of Nanotechnology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Propolis in Endodontics—Unveiling Its Therapeutic Potential: A Narrative Review
Poorani Durai, Santha Devy A, Mithila Mohan, Harish Ramalingam, Shasidharan P, Rahul Chaurasia M
World Journal of Dentistry.2025; 16(10): 959. CrossRef
Application of Nanomaterials in Endodontics
Farzaneh Afkhami, Yuan Chen, Laurence J. Walsh, Ove A. Peters, Chun Xu
BME Frontiers.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Antimicrobial efficacy of newly prepared nano-tricalcium silicate-58s bioactive glass-based endodontic sealer
Nawal Atiya Al-Sabawi, Sawsan Hameed Al-Jubori
Endodontology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Antimicrobial Effects of Formulations of Various Nanoparticles and Calcium Hydroxide as Intra-canal Medications Against Enterococcus faecalis: A Systematic Review
Seema H Bukhari, Dax Abraham, Shakila Mahesh
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of nanoparticles on antibacterial efficacy of intracanal medicament: A scoping review
Alpa Gupta, Arundeep Singh, Vivek Aggarwal
Endodontology.2023; 35(4): 283. CrossRef
Physical properties, marginal adaptation and bioactivity of an experimental mineral trioxide aggregate-like cement modified with bioactive materials
Abigailt Flores-Ledesma, Adriana Tejeda-Cruz, María A. Moyaho-Bernal, Ana Wintergerst, Yoshamin A. Moreno-Vargas, Jacqueline A. Rodríguez-Chávez, Carlos E. Cuevas-Suárez, Kenya Gutiérrez-Estrada, Jesús A. Arenas-Alatorre
Journal of Oral Science.2023; 65(2): 141. CrossRef
Nanopartículas antimicrobianas en endodoncia: Revisión narrativa
Gustavo Adolfo Tovar Rangel , Fanny Mildred González Sáenz , Ingrid Ximena Zamora Córdoba , Lina María García Zapata
Revista Estomatología.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

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Fracture incidence of Reciproc instruments during root canal retreatment performed by postgraduate students: a cross-sectional retrospective clinical study: Liliana Machado Ruivo, Marcos de Azevedo Rios, Alexandre Mascarenhas Villela, Alexandre Sigrist de Martin, Augusto Shoji Kato, Rina Andrea Pelegrine, Ana Flávia Almeida Barbosa, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva, Carlos Eduardo da Silveira Bueno; Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(4):e49. Published online September 9, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e49

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Objectives

To evaluate the fracture incidence of Reciproc R25 instruments (VDW) used during non-surgical root canal retreatments performed by students in a postgraduate endodontic program.

Materials and Methods

From the analysis of clinical record cards and periapical radiographs of root canal retreatments performed by postgraduate students using the Reciproc R25, a total of 1,016 teeth (2,544 root canals) were selected. The instruments were discarded after a single use. The general incidence of instrument fractures and its frequency was analyzed considering the group of teeth and the root thirds where the fractures occurred. Statistical analysis was performed using the χ² test (p < 0.01).

Results

Seven instruments were separated during the procedures. The percentage of fracture in relation to the number of instrumented canals was 0.27% and 0.68% in relation to the number of instrumented teeth. Four fractures occurred in maxillary molars, 1 in a mandibular molar, 1 in a mandibular premolar and 1 in a maxillary incisor. A greater number of fractures was observed in molars when compared with the number of fractures observed in the other dental groups (p < 0.01). Considering all of the instrument fractures, 71.43% were located in the apical third and 28.57% in the middle third (p < 0.01). One instrument fragment was removed, one bypassed, while in 5 cases, the instrument fragment remained inside the root canal.

Conclusions

The use of Reciproc R25 instruments in root canal retreatments carried out by postgraduate students was associated with a low incidence of fractures.

Citations

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Reciprocating Torsional Fatigue and Mechanical Tests of Thermal-Treated Nickel Titanium Instruments
Victor Talarico Leal Vieira, Alejandro Jaime, Carlos Garcia Puente, Giuliana Soimu, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva, Carlos Nelson Elias, Gustavo de Deus
Journal of Endodontics.2025; 51(3): 359. CrossRef
Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Perovskite (Nd:YAP) Laser in the Elimination of Endodontic Nickel-Titanium Files Fractured in Rooted Canals (Part 2: Teeth With Significant Root Curvature)
Amaury Namour, Marwan El Mobadder, Clément Cerfontaine, Patrick Matamba, Lucia Misoaga, Delphine Magnin , Praveen Arany, Samir Nammour
Cureus.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Temperature-Dependent Effects on Cyclic Fatigue Resistance in Three Reciprocating Endodontic Systems: An In Vitro Study
Marcela Salamanca Ramos, José Aranguren, Giulia Malvicini, Cesar De Gregorio, Carmen Bonilla, Alejandro R. Perez
Materials.2025; 18(5): 952. CrossRef
The Cost of Instrument Retrieval on the Root Integrity
Marco A. Versiani, Hugo Sousa Dias, Emmanuel J. N. L. Silva, Felipe G. Belladonna, Jorge N. R. Martins, Gustavo De‐Deus
International Endodontic Journal.2025; 58(12): 1948. CrossRef
Multimethod analysis of large‐ and low‐tapered single file reciprocating instruments: Design, metallurgy, mechanical performance, and irrigation flow
Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva, Fernando Peña‐Bengoa, Natasha C. Ajuz, Victor T. L. Vieira, Jorge N. R. Martins, Duarte Marques, Ricardo Pinto, Mario Rito Pereira, Francisco Manuel Braz‐Fernandes, Marco A. Versiani
International Endodontic Journal.2024; 57(5): 601. CrossRef
Nd: YAP Laser in the Elimination of Endodontic Nickel-Titanium Files Fractured in Rooted Canals (Part 1: Teeth With Minimal Root Curvature)
Amaury Namour, Marwan El Mobadder, Patrick Matamba, Lucia Misoaga, Delphine Magnin , Praveen Arany, Samir Nammour
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Cyclic Fatigue of Different Reciprocating Endodontic Instruments Using Matching Artificial Root Canals at Body Temperature In Vitro
Sebastian Bürklein, Paul Maßmann, Edgar Schäfer, David Donnermeyer
Materials.2024; 17(4): 827. CrossRef
Endodontic Orthograde Retreatments: Challenges and Solutions
Alessio Zanza, Rodolfo Reda, Luca Testarelli
Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry.2023; Volume 15: 245. CrossRef
Design, metallurgy, mechanical properties, and shaping ability of 3 heat-treated reciprocating systems: a multimethod investigation
Emmanuel J. N. L. Silva, Jorge N. R. Martins, Natasha C. Ajuz, Henrique dos Santos Antunes, Victor Talarico Leal Vieira, Francisco Manuel Braz-Fernandes, Felipe Gonçalves Belladonna, Marco Aurélio Versiani
Clinical Oral Investigations.2023; 27(5): 2427. CrossRef
Noncontact 3D evaluation of surface topography of reciprocating instruments after retreatment procedures
Miriam Fatima Zaccaro-Scelza, Renato Lenoir Cardoso Henrique Martinez, Sandro Oliveira Tavares, Fabiano Palmeira Gonçalves, Marcelo Montagnana, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da Silva, Pantaleo Scelza
Brazilian Dental Journal.2022; 33(3): 38. CrossRef

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Anesthetic efficacy in vital asymptomatic teeth using different local anesthetics: a systematic review with network meta-analysis: Amy Kia Cheen Liew, Yi-Chun Yeh, Dalia Abdullah, Yu-Kang Tu; Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(3):e41. Published online July 21, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e41

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of various local anesthesia (LA) in vital asymptomatic teeth.

Materials and Methods

Randomized controlled trials comparing pulpal anesthesia of various LA on vital asymptomatic teeth were included in this review. Searches were conducted in the Cochrane CENTRAL, MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, ClinicalTrials.gov, Google Scholar and 3 field-specific journals from inception to May 3, 2019. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment using Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool were done by 2 independent reviewers in duplicate. Network meta-analysis (NMA) was performed within the frequentist setting using STATA 15.0. The LA was ranked, and the surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) line was plotted. The confidence of the NMA estimates was assessed using the CINeMA web application.

Results

The literature search yielded 1,678 potentially eligible reports, but only 42 were included in this review. For maxillary buccal infiltration, articaine 4% with epinephrine 1:100,000 was more efficacious than lidocaine 2% with epinephrine 1:100,000 (odds ratio, 2.11; 95% confidence interval, 1.14–3.89). For mandibular buccal infiltration, articaine 4% with epinephrine 1:100,000 was more efficacious than various lidocaine solutions. The SUCRA ranking was highest for articaine 4% with epinephrine when used as maxillary and mandibular buccal infiltrations, and lidocaine 2% with epinephrine 1:80,000 when used as inferior alveolar nerve block. Inconsistency and imprecision were detected in some of the NMA estimates.

Conclusions

Articaine 4% with epinephrine is superior when maxillary or mandibular infiltration is required in vital asymptomatic teeth.

Citations

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Anatomical Basis of the Palatal Injection Technique for Pulpal Anesthesia of Maxillary Teeth
Sergey Kabak, Joe Iwanaga, Yuliya Melnichenko, Ruslan Mekhtiev, Nina Savrasova
Clinical Anatomy.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Adrenaline in pulp capping treatment of reversible pulpitis
Si-Yun Yang, Jin-Zhu Wang, Hao Fan, Min Chen
World Journal of Clinical Cases.2024; 12(22): 5024. CrossRef
Effect of 810 nm Diode Laser Irradiation on the Time of Initiation and Depth of Anesthesia for Endodontic Treatment of Mandibular First Molars with Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis: A Clinical Trial
Elham Khoshbin, Leila Ghasemi, Rooholah Behroozi, Zahra Khosravi, Afsaneh Rahmati, Loghman Rezaeisoufi, Hamed Karkehabadi
Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery.2023; 41(9): 475. CrossRef
The potential of articaine as new generation of local anesthesia in dental clinics: A review
Wen Luo, Kaiyue Zheng, Huifang Kuang, Zhixin Li, Jinrong Wang, Jie Mei
Medicine.2022; 101(48): e32089. CrossRef

3,919 View
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Comparison of the sealing ability of various bioceramic materials for endodontic surgery: Benjamin Rencher, Ana M. Chang, Hanson Fong, James D. Johnson, Avina Paranjpe; Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(3):e35. Published online June 8, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e35

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Objectives

Endosequence Bioceramic Root Repair Material (BC-RRM) is used in endodontic microsurgery. It is available as a paste and a putty. However, no studies to date have examined the sealing ability of these forms alone or in combination as root-end filling materials. Hence, this study aimed to compare the sealing properties of these 2 forms of BC-RRM.

Materials and Methods

Forty-two extracted upper anterior teeth were divided into 3 experimental groups, a positive and negative control. After the root canal treatment, the root ends were resected, retroprepared and retrofilled with either putty, paste + putty or mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). The teeth were mounted in tubes so the apical 3 mm was submerged in Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) broth. The coronal portions of the canals were inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis and BHI broth and incubated for 30 days. The broth in the tubes was analyzed for colony forming units to check for leakage of bacteria from the canal. The teeth from the groups were sectioned and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The Kruskal-Wallis test and analysis of variance were used to analyze the data with a significance level p < 0.05.

Results

The BC-RRM and MTA groups showed similar sealing ability. The positive control showed leakage in all samples. The SEM imaging showed the presence of bacteria in all experimental groups at the material-tooth interface.

Conclusions

No significant differences were noted in the experimental groups, providing sufficient evidence that any combination could be effectively used during endodontic microsurgery.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

An Ex-vivo Evaluation of Sealability of Three Bioceramic Physical Variants in Coronal and Apical Thirds of Root Canals
Murali H Rao, Rajkumar Krishnan, Pavithra Gopal, Elizabeth Thomas
The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice.2025; 25(11): 1022. CrossRef
Clinical applications and classification of calcium silicate-based cements based on their history and evolution: a narrative review
Kenta Tsuchiya, Salvatore Sauro, Hidehiko Sano, Jukka P. Matinlinna, Monica Yamauti, Shuhei Hoshika, Yu Toida, Rafiqul Islam, Atsushi Tomokiyo
Clinical Oral Investigations.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Strontium- and bioactive glass-enriched dentin repair cement: Mechanical performance and physicochemical characteristics
Nathalia Cristina Tavella-Silva, Larissa Moreira Spinola Castro Raucci, Victor Miguel Polizeli, Carlos Eduardo Saraiva Miranda, Ivone Regina de Oliveira, Walter Raucci Neto
Ceramics International.2025; 51(22): 35947. CrossRef
Conventional vs. Ready‐To‐Use Bioceramic Cements: In Vitro Bond Strength Performance in Blood‐Contaminated Dentine
Gabriela Kato Bego, Graziela Bianchi Leoni, Elias Daniel Covas Rodrigues, Larissa Moreira Spinola de Castro Raucci, Walter Raucci Neto
Australian Endodontic Journal.2025; 51(2): 466. CrossRef
Effect of calcium silicate-based repair sealers on bone healing in rat skull defects: histological and histomorphometric study
J. M. Sauer, C. E. S. Bueno, R. A. Pelegrine, C. E. Fontana, E. F. Martinez, P. G. Montagner, W. M. Nascimento, A. G. S. Limoeiro, D. G. P. Rocha, M. F. V. Marceliano-Alves, M. P. W. Galhardi, M. Klymus, A. S. Martin
Endodontics Today.2025; 23(3): 433. CrossRef
Randomized Trial of Bioceramic Apical Barrier Methods in Necrotic Immature Incisors: Effects on Pain, Extrusion, and Procedure Duration
Yasser Alsayed Tolibah, Nada Bshara, Osama Aljabban, Mohammad Tamer Abbara, Marwan Alhaji, Imad-Addin Almasri, Ziad D. Baghdadi
Children.2025; 12(10): 1423. CrossRef
Sealing ability of mineral trioxide aggregate: A scoping review of laboratory assessment methods
Kenta Tsuchiya, Salvatore Sauro, Jukka P. Matinlinna, Hidehiko Sano, Monica Yamauti, Deepak Mehta, Kyung‐San Min, Atsushi Tomokiyo
European Journal of Oral Sciences.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Root Development Following Bioceramic Material Application in Immature Permanent Teeth: A Case Series With 24‐Month Follow‐Up
Yasser Alsayed Tolibah, Nada Bshara, Mohammad Tamer Abbara, Marwan Alhaji, Osama Aljabban, Ibrahim Ali Ahmad, Ziad D. Baghdadi, Hannah Wesley
Case Reports in Dentistry.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Laboratory study of the sealing ability of materials used in retrograde root filling
L.A. Nadzharyan, A.V. Vasilyev, V.A. Badalyan, A.S. Galkin, A.V. Mironov, F.F. Losev
Stomatology.2025; 104(6): 5. CrossRef
Evaluation of the Marginal Adaptation of Two Hydraulic Calcium Silicate Cements Used in Apical Plugs: An In Vitro Study
Sara Filipe, José Pedro Martinho, Siri Paulo, Catarina Carvalho, Ana Coelho, Inês Amaro, Eunice Carrilho, Anabela Paula, Carlos Miguel Marto, Henrique Girão, Mónica Zuzarte, Ana S. Pires, Manuel Marques Ferreira
Applied Sciences.2024; 14(2): 480. CrossRef
A Study on Nanoleakage of Apical Retrograde Filling of Premixed Calcium Silicate-Based Cement Using a Lid Technique
Nyamsuren Enkhbileg, Jin Woo Kim, Seok Woo Chang, Se-Hee Park, Kyung Mo Cho, Yoon Lee
Materials.2024; 17(10): 2366. CrossRef
The outcome of combined use of iRoot BP Plus and iRoot SP for root-end filling in endodontic microsurgery: a randomized controlled trial
Xu Dong, Qin Su, Wen Li, Jinbo Yang, Dongzhe Song, Jing Yang, Xin Xu
Clinical Oral Investigations.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Bacterial sealing ability of calcium silicate-based sealer for endodontic surgery: an in-vitro study
Mai M. Mansour, Sybel M. Moussa, Marwa A. Meheissen, Mahmoud R. Aboelseoud
BMC Oral Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Evaluation of Marginal Adaptation of Three Biomaterials as Apical Barrier in Experimental Apexification Model
Nagehan Aktaş, Didem Sakaryalı Uyar, Didem Atabek
ADO Klinik Bilimler Dergisi.2024; 13(3): 409. CrossRef
In vitro evaluation of the sealing ability of combined use of iRoot BP Plus and iRoot SP for root-end filling
Xu Dong, Qian Xie, Xin Xu
Clinical Oral Investigations.2023; 27(6): 2969. CrossRef
Outcomes of endodontic microsurgery using different calcium silicate–based retrograde filling materials: a cohort retrospective cone-beam computed tomographic analysis
Rawan F. Eskandar, Mey A. Al-Habib, Mohammed A. Barayan, Hadeel Y. Edrees
BMC Oral Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Bioceramics in Endodontics: Updates and Future Perspectives
Xu Dong, Xin Xu
Bioengineering.2023; 10(3): 354. CrossRef
Biological properties of Ceraputty as a retrograde filling material: an in vitro study on hPDLSCs
Sergio López-García, Francisco J. Rodríguez-Lozano, José Luis Sanz, Leopoldo Forner, María Pilar Pecci-Lloret, Adrián Lozano, Laura Murcia, Sonia Sánchez-Bautista, Ricardo E. Oñate-Sánchez
Clinical Oral Investigations.2023; 27(8): 4233. CrossRef
Bone Window Technique in Endodontic Microsurgery – Report of Two Cases
Spyros Floratos, Vasileios Molonis, Apostolos Tsolakis, Stylianos Kykalos, Konstantinos Kontzoglou
Journal of Endodontic Microsurgery.2022; 2: 24. CrossRef

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Effect of number of uses and sterilization on the instrumented area and resistance of reciprocating instruments: Victor de Ornelas Peraça, Samantha Rodrigues Xavier, Fabio de Almeida Gomes, Luciane Geanini Pena dos Santos, Erick Miranda Souza, Fernanda Geraldo Pappen; Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(2):e28. Published online April 29, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e28

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Objectives

This study evaluated the effect of repeated uses and autoclaving in the instrumented area, fracture resistance, and time of instrumentation of thermally treated nickel-titanium reciprocating systems.

Materials and Methods

Two hundred simulated canals were instrumented using Reciproc Blue and WaveOne Gold. Each file was used up to 10 times or until fracture. The instrumented area was measured in pre- and post-operative images, using ImageJ software. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis evaluated the number of uses of instruments before fracture. Instrumented area and time of instrumentation were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis. Correlations among the number of uses and instrumented area were measured. The level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results

Reciproc Blue presented a higher estimated number of uses in comparison with WaveOne Gold (p = 0.026), but autoclaving did not affect the resistance to fracture of instruments (p > 0.05). The instrumented area was different among the evaluated groups (p = 0.039), and the instrumented area along the uses of both tested instruments was reduced. With the time of instrumentation, there was also a significant difference among the evaluated groups; the groups without sterilization cycles were faster, in comparison to those submitted to autoclaving (p = 0.010).

Conclusions

Reciproc Blue was more resistant than WaveOne Gold, suffering later fracture. Additionally, the sterilization cycles did not influence the estimated number of uses of thermally treated reciprocating instruments, but the instrumented area of root canals was reduced along with the repeated uses of both instruments.

Citations

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Effect of sterilization on the cutting efficiency of two different rotary NiTi instruments (An In- vitro Study)
Merna Mamdouh Botros, Kariem Mostafa ElBatouty, Tariq Yehia Abdelrahman
BMC Oral Health.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Fracture Risk of Endodontic Files: Clinical Analysis of Reciproc and X1 Blue After Multiple Uses
Elisa Korte Fortes Gollo, Fábio de Almeida Gomes, Katerine Jahnecke Pilownic, Daiana Elisabeth Böttcher, Carolina Clasen Vieira, Fernanda Geraldo Pappen
Australian Endodontic Journal.2025; 51(3): 699. CrossRef
The influence of autoclave sterilization on the cyclic fatigue of M-wire rotary endodontic instruments
Nenad Stosic, Jelena Popovic, Antonije Stankovic, Aleksandar Mitic, Marija Nikolic, Kosta Todorovic
Vojnosanitetski pregled.2024; 81(10): 642. CrossRef

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Effects of radiation therapy on the dislocation resistance of root canal sealers applied to dentin and the sealer-dentin interface: a pilot study: Pallavi Yaduka, Rubi Kataki, Debosmita Roy, Lima Das, Shachindra Goswami; Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(2):e22. Published online March 29, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e22

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Objectives

This study evaluated and compared the effects of radiation therapy on the dislocation resistance of AH Plus and BioRoot RCS applied to dentin and the sealer-dentin interface.

Materials and Methods

Thirty single-rooted teeth were randomly assigned to 2 groups (n = 15 each): AH Plus (Dentsply DeTrey) and BioRoot RCS (Septodont). Each group was subdivided into control and experimental groups. The experimental group was subjected to a total radiation dose of 60 Gy. The root canals of all samples were cleaned, shaped, and obturated using the single-cone technique. Dentin slices (1 mm) were sectioned from each root third for the push-out test and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was done to examine the sealer-dentin interface. The failure mode was determined using stereomicroscopy. Bond strength data were analyzed by the independent t-test, 1-way analysis of variance, and the Tukey post hoc test (α = 0.05).

Results

Significantly lower bond strength was observed in irradiated teeth than non-irradiated teeth in the AH Plus group (p < 0.05). The BioRoot RCS group showed no significant reduction in bond strength after irradiation (p > 0.05) and showed a higher post-irradiation bond strength (209.92 ± 172.26 MPa) than the AH Plus group. SEM revealed slightly larger gap-containing regions in irradiated specimens from both groups.

Conclusions

The dislocation resistance of BioRoot RCS was not significantly changed by irradiation and was higher than that of AH Plus. BioRoot RCS may be the sealer of choice for root canal treatment in patients undergoing radiation therapy.

Citations

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Effects of radiotherapy dose and endodontic irrigants on universal resin cement bonding to root dentin: mechanical and interfacial analyses
Lívia Ribeiro, Luíz Carlos de Lima Dias-Júnior, Paulo Henrique dos Santos, Mariana Comparotto Minamisako, Paulo Marcelo Rodrigues, Vicente Ribeiro Netto, Bruno Alexandre Pacheco de Castro Henriques, Renata Gondo Machado, Cleonice da Silveira Teixeira, Luc
International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives.2026; 146: 104252. CrossRef
Impact of radiation therapy regimen on the dislodgement resistance of endodontic sealers: A micro push-out test
Marcos Testa Magoga, Rafaela Lourdes de Sousa, Luiz Carlos Lima Dias-Junior, Rayssa Sabino-Silva, Mariana Comparotto Minamisako, Paulo Marcelo Rodrigues, Vicente Ribeiro Netto, Ricardo Machado, Cleonice da Silveira Teixeira, Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garci
International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives.2025; 136: 103894. CrossRef
The impact of radiotherapy on endodontic treatment: a scoping review
Guilherme Pauletto, Giovanna Isabel Mittmann Voigt, Sidnei Flores de Pellegrin, Yasmin Padoin, Carlos Alexandre Souza Bier
Odontology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Evaluation of the root dentin bond strength and intratubular biomineralization of a premixed calcium aluminate-based hydraulic bioceramic endodontic sealer
Yu-Na Lee, Min-Kyeong Kim, Hee-Jin Kim, Mi-Kyung Yu, Kwang-Won Lee, Kyung-San Min
Journal of Oral Science.2024; 66(2): 96. CrossRef
Effects of radiotherapy dose and application time on the load-to-failure values of teeth filled with different sealers
Ozgun Gulderen, Esma Saricam, Sedef Gökhan Açikgöz, Yılmaz Tezcan
BMC Oral Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Ultrasonic activation of the endodontic sealer enhances its intratubular penetration and bond strength to irradiated root dentin
Luana Duart Jordani, Amanda Freitas da Rosa, Luiz Carlos de Lima Dias-Junior, Julia Menezes Savaris, Mariana Comparotto Minamisako, Luciano Roberto da Silva, Marcio Toshio Umeda Takashima, Eduardo Antunes Bortoluzzi, Cleonice da Silveira Teixeira, Lucas d
Odontology.2024; 112(3): 917. CrossRef
Effect of the timing of primary endodontic treatment and dosage of radiation therapy on the filling material removal
Bruna Venzke Fischer, Luiz Carlos de Lima Dias‐Junior, Mariana Comparotto Minamisako, Cristiane Maria Almeida, Luciano Roberto da Silva, Eduardo Antunes Bortoluzzi, Cleonice da Silveira Teixeira, Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garcia
Australian Endodontic Journal.2024; 50(2): 321. CrossRef
Does radiation therapy affect adhesion of tricalcium silicate cements to root dentin?
Lochan KHULLAR, Nidambur Vasudev BALLAL, Tan Fırat EYÜBOĞLU, Mutlu ÖZCAN
Journal of Applied Oral Science.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of the timing of radiation therapy on the push‐out strength of resin cement to root dentine
Patrícia da Agostim Cancelier, Renata Gondo Machado, Júlia Menezes Savaris, Eduardo Antunes Bortoluzzi, Cleonice da Silveira Teixeira, Mariana Comparotto Minamisako, Paulo Marcelo Rodrigues, Vicente Ribeiro Netto, Kamile Leonardi Dutra‐Horstmann, Lucas da
Australian Endodontic Journal.2023; 49(S1): 122. CrossRef
Influence of irrigation and laser assisted root canal disinfection protocols on dislocation resistance of a bioceramic sealer
Ivona Bago, Ana Sandrić, Katarina Beljic-Ivanovic, Boris Pažin
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy.2022; 40: 103067. CrossRef
Influence of 2% chlorhexidine on the dislodgement resistance of AH plus, bioroot RCS, and GuttaFlow 2 sealer to dentin and sealer-dentin interface
Debosmita Roy, Rubi Kataki, Lima Das, Khushboo Jain
Journal of Conservative Dentistry.2022; 25(6): 642. CrossRef

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Biological assessment of a new ready-to-use hydraulic sealer: Francine Benetti, João Eduardo Gomes-Filho, India Olinta de Azevedo-Queiroz, Marina Carminatti, Letícia Citelli Conti, Alexandre Henrique dos Reis-Prado, Sandra Helena Penha de Oliveira, Edilson Ervolino, Elói Dezan-Júnior, Luciano Tavares Angelo Cintra; Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(2):e21. Published online March 24, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e21

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Objectives

This study compared the cytotoxicity, biocompatibility, and tenascin immunolabeling of a new ready-to-use hydraulic sealer (Bio-C Sealer) with MTA-Fillapex and white MTA-Angelus.

Materials and Methods

L929 fibroblasts were cultivated and exposed to undiluted and diluted material extracts. Polyethylene tubes with or without (the control) the materials were implanted into the dorsa of rats. At 7 days and 30 days, the rats were euthanized, and the specimens were prepared for analysis; inflammation and immunolabeling were measured, and statistical analysis was performed (p < 0.05).

Results

MTA-Fillapex exhibited greater cytotoxicity than the other materials at all time points (p < 0.05). The undiluted Bio-C Sealer exhibited greater cytocompatibility at 6 and 48 hours than white MTA-Angelus, with higher cell viability than in the control (p < 0.05). White MTA-Angelus displayed higher cell viability than the control at 24 hours, and the one-half dilution displayed similar results at both 6 and 48 hours (p < 0.05). At 7 days and 30 days, the groups exhibited moderate inflammation with thick fibrous capsules and mild inflammation with thin fibrous capsules, respectively (p > 0.05). At 7 days, moderate to strong immunolabeling was observed (p > 0.05). After 30 days, the control and MTA-Fillapex groups exhibited strong immunolabeling, the white MTA-Angelus group exhibited moderate immunolabeling (p > 0.05), and the Bio-C Sealer group exhibited low-to-moderate immunolabeling, differing significantly from the control (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Bio-C Sealer and white MTA-Angelus exhibited greater cytocompatibility than MTA-Fillapex; all materials displayed adequate biocompatibility and induced tenascin immunolabeling.

Citations

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Clinical and radiographic assessment of mineral trioxide aggregate with platelet rich fibrin as pulp capping biomaterials: a 12-month randomized trial
Rahma Ahmed Ibrahem Hafiz Abuhashema, Mona El Saied Essa, Shereen Hafez Ibrahim, Omaima Mohamed Safwat
Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Biocompatibility and bioactivity of bioceramic endodontic sealer: NeoSealer Flo
Evelin Carine Alves SILVA, Jéssica Arielli PRADELLI, Guilherme Ferreira da SILVA, Paulo Sérgio CERRI, Mario TANOMARU-FILHO, Juliane Maria GUERREIRO-TANOMARU
Journal of Applied Oral Science.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Influence of photoactivation on tissue response to different dyes used in photodynamic therapy and laser ablation therapy
Luciano Tavares Angelo Cintra, Cristiane Cantiga-Silva, Henrique Augusto Banci, Flávio Duarte Faria, Nathália Evelyn da Silva Machado, Carolina de Barros Morais Cardoso, Pedro Henrique Chaves de Oliveira, Lucas Rodrigues de Araújo Estrela, Gustavo Sivieri
Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology.2024; 251: 112843. CrossRef
Bleaching effectiveness and cytotoxicity of new experimental formulation of niobium-based bleaching gel
Camila de Sousa Caneschi, Francine Benetti, Luiz Carlos Alves de Oliveira, Jadson Cláudio Belchior, Raquel Conceição Ferreira, Allyson Nogueira Moreira, Luís Fernando dos Santos Alves Morgan
Clinical Oral Investigations.2023; 27(4): 1613. CrossRef
Biological investigation of resinous endodontic sealers containing calcium hydroxide
Carlos Roberto Emerenciano Bueno, Francine Benetti, Marina Tolomei Sandoval Cury, Ana Maria Veiga Vasques, Leopoldo Cosme-Silva, Índia Olinta de Azevedo Queiroz, Ana Cláudia Rodrigues da Silva, Rogério de Castilho Jacinto, Luciano Tavares Angelo Cintra, E
PLOS ONE.2023; 18(7): e0287890. CrossRef
Tricalcium silicate cement sealers
Anita Aminoshariae, Carolyn Primus, James C. Kulild
The Journal of the American Dental Association.2022; 153(8): 750. CrossRef
Comparative evaluation of push-out bond strength of bioceramic and epoxy sealers after using various final irrigants: An in vitro study
Chandrasekhar Veeramachaneni, Swathi Aravelli, Sreeja Dundigalla
Journal of Conservative Dentistry.2022; 25(2): 145. CrossRef

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Influence of reciprocating and rotary instrumentation on microbial reduction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro studies: Selen Küçükkaya Eren, Emel Uzunoğlu-Özyürek, Sevilay Karahan; Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(2):e19. Published online March 10, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e19

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro studies regarding the effectiveness of reciprocating and rotary instrumentation on microbial reduction in root canals.

Materials and Methods

PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and the gray literature were searched through December 2019. Studies comparing the influence of reciprocating and rotary instrumentation on the removal of microorganisms from root canals that quantified the antimicrobial effect were included. Data extraction was completed using a systematic form for data collection. The risk of bias of the studies was evaluated. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) and confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random effects meta-analysis.

Results

Seventeen in vitro studies were included in this systematic review, of which 7 provided adequate data for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Both reciprocating and rotary systems were similarly effective in reducing the microbial load in infected root canals (SMD [95% CI], 0.0481 [−0.271, 0.367]). Three studies showed a low risk of bias, whereas most of the studies (82%) presented a medium risk.

Conclusions

Although both techniques decrease the microbial content (with reductions of 23.32%–88.47% and 23.33%–89.86% for reciprocating and rotary instrumentation, respectively), they are not able to provide complete disinfection of root canals.

Citations

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Mapping risk of bias criteria in systematic reviews of in vitro endodontic studies: an umbrella review
Rafaella Rodrigues da Gama, Lucas Peixoto de Araújo, Evandro Piva, Leandro Perello Duro, Adriana Fernandes da Silva, Wellington Luiz de Oliveira da Rosa
Evidence-Based Dentistry.2025; 26(4): 179. CrossRef
Fifteen years of engine‐driven nickel–titanium reciprocating instruments, what do we know so far? An umbrella review
Felipe Immich, Lucas Peixoto de Araújo, Rafaella Rodrigues da Gama, Wellington Luiz de Oliveira da Rosa, Evandro Piva, Giampiero Rossi‐Fedele
Australian Endodontic Journal.2024; 50(2): 409. CrossRef
Does minimally invasive canal preparation provide higher fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth? A systematic review ofin vitrostudies
Sıla Nur Usta, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva, Seda Falakaloğlu, Mustafa Gündoğar
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The Effect of Combined Ultrasonic Tip and Mechanized Instrumentation on the Reduction of the Percentage of Non-Instrumented Surfaces in Oval/Flat Root Canals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Marcella Dewes Cassal, Pedro Cardoso Soares, Marcelo dos Santos
Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Impact of Different Access Cavity Designs and Ni–Ti Files on the Elimination of Enterococcus faecalis from the Root Canal System: An In Vitro Study
Gizem Andac, Atakan Kalender, Buket Baddal, Fatma Basmaci
Applied Sciences.2022; 12(4): 2049. CrossRef
Shaping Properties and Outcomes of Nickel-Titanium Reciprocation Systems in Primary Teeth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of In Vitro Studies
SelvaKumar Haridoss, Bhavyaa R, Kavitha Swaminathan, Aruna P
Cureus.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Influence of Root Canal Sealers and Obturation Techniques on Vertical Root Fracture Resistance. An In Vitro Experiment
Mazen F. Alkahtany, Khalid H. Almadi, Fahad A. Alahmad, Abdullah M. Alshehri, Abdulrahman A. AlSwayyed, Omar M. AlZahran, Ali AlHadan, Abdulaziz S. Almustafa, Fahim Vohra, Tariq Abduljabbar
Applied Sciences.2021; 11(17): 8022. CrossRef

2,142 View
31 Download
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Efficacy of buccal piroxicam infiltration and inferior alveolar nerve block in patients with irreversible pulpitis: a prospective, double-blind, randomized clinical trial: Saurav Paul, Sridevi Nandamuri, Aakrati Raina, Mukta Bansal; Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(1):e9. Published online January 26, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e9

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Objectives

This randomized clinical trial aimed to assess the effectiveness of buccal infiltration with piroxicam on the anesthetic efficacy of inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) with buccal infiltration in irreversible pulpitis, with pain assessed using the Heft-Parker visual analogue scale (HP-VAS).

Materials and Methods

This study included 56 patients with irreversible pulpitis in mandibular molars, randomly distributed between 2 groups (n = 28). After evaluating the initial pain score with the HP-VAS, each patient received IANB followed by buccal infiltration of 2% lignocaine with adrenaline (1:80,000). Five minutes later, the patients in groups 1 and 2 were given buccal infiltration with 40 mg/2 mL of piroxicam or normal saline, respectively. An access opening procedure (AOP) was performed 15 minutes post-IANB once the individual showed signs of lip numbness as well as 2 negative responses to electric pulp testing. The HP-VAS was used to grade the patient's pain during caries removal (CR), AOP, and working length measurement (WLM). Successful anesthesia was identified either by the absence of pain or slight pain through CR, AOP, and WLM, with no requirement of a further anesthetic dose. A statistical analysis was done using the Shapiro-Wilk and Mann-Whitney U tests.

Results

The piroxicam group presented a significantly lower (p < 0.05) mean pain score than the saline group during AOP.

Conclusions

Buccal infiltration with piroxicam enhanced the efficacy of anesthesia with IANB and buccal infiltration with lignocaine in patients with irreversible pulpitis.

Citations

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Inferior alveolar nerve block success of 2% mepivacaine versus 4% articaine in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in mandibular molars: A randomized double‐blind single‐centre clinical trial
Mohammed Fawzy Omar Mohammed Habib, Sovana Tarek, Sara Mohamed Elsayed Teama, Khaled Ezzat, Randa Mohamed El Boghdadi, Abeer Marzouk, Manar Yehia Fouda, Shaimaa Ismail Gawdat, Marwa Mahmoud Bedier, Suzan Abdul Wanees Amin
International Endodontic Journal.2022; 55(11): 1177. CrossRef
Present status and future directions—Mechanisms and management of local anaesthetic failures
Masoud Parirokh, Paul V. Abbott
International Endodontic Journal.2022; 55(S4): 951. CrossRef

2,049 View
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2 Web of Science
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Review Article

Clinical efficacy of activated irrigation in endodontics: a focused review: Amelia Wan Tin Cheung, Angeline Hui Cheng Lee, Gary Shun Pan Cheung; Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(1):e10. Published online January 26, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e10

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Root canal debridement, which includes the removal of infected tissues and microbial biofilms, is considered the corner stone of root canal treatment. Chemical adjuncts play a multitude of functions in this regard, as tissue solvents, antimicrobial agents and for removing the smear layer. These adjuncts (irrigants) are usually delivered using a syringe and needle. With increasing knowledge of the complexity of root canal anatomy and tenacity of microbial biofilms, the need for strategies that potentiate the action of these irrigants within the root canal system cannot be overemphasized. Several such activated irrigation strategies exist. The aim of this review is to comprehensively discuss the different irrigant activation methods from the context of clinical studies.

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Efficacy of Er: YAG, continuous-wave, and pulsed diode laser-activated irrigation on smear layer removal: a comparative microscopic study
Muhammad Mahmoud Abaza, Tarek Abdel Hamid Harhash, Ahmed Abbas Zaky
Lasers in Dental Science.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
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Johanna Hernandez La Rotta, Marggie Grajales
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Rasmina K. Nizar, Anju Varughese, M. Remya, V.P. Prabath Singh, Gayathri Usha, Gayathri Presannakumar
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Р. І. Новосядлий, М. М. Рожко
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Irving Pablo Fernandez Calle, Edwin Macias Limachi , Abigail Marisol Vargas Ticona , Jenny Paula Aguilar Avalos , Marivel Irene Condori Escobar, Alcides Ramber Maldonado Huaycho , Jenny Claudia Apaza Cayo , Miguel Angel Espinoza Vega , Jesús Alejan
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Urvashi M. Ujariya, Mitul Lallubhai Gangani, Rajendra P. Bharatiya, Anjali K. Kothari
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Cristiane DUQUE, Amanda Caselato Andolfatto SOUZA, Kelly Limi AIDA, Jesse Augusto PEREIRA, Karina Sampaio CAIAFFA, Vanessa Rodrigues dos SANTOS, Leopoldo COSME-SILVA, Anuradha PRAKKI
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Kavalipurapu Venkata Teja, Sindhu Ramesh, Krishnamachari Janani
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Diamond–coated ultrasonic tip decreases debris and uninstrumented surface after preparation of curved canals with isthmus
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Flávia A. Plazza, Renan Dal-Fabbro, Leopoldo Cosme-Silva, Paulo C. T. Duarte, Caroline Loureiro, Vitória Z. Custódio, Luciano T. A. Cintra, Marco A. H. Duarte, João Eduardo Gomes-Filho
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Li Tan, Qiong Liu, Yun Chen, Ya-Qiong Zhao, Jie Zhao, Marie Aimee Dusenge, Yao Feng, Qin Ye, Jing Hu, Ze-Yue Ou-Yang, Ying-Hui Zhou, Yue Guo, Yun-Zhi Feng
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Latifa Mohamed Abdelgawad, Nancy Attia Ahmed ElShafei, Somaia Abdlatif Eissa, Dalia Yahia Ibrahim
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Chang Zeng, Joseph Everett, Stephanie Sidow, Brian E. Bergeron, Fucong Tian, Jingzhi Ma, Franklin R. Tay
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A novel three‐dimensionally printed model to assess biofilm removal by ultrasonically activated irrigation
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18 Crossref

Research Articles

Biocompatibility and bioactive potential of the NeoMTA Plus endodontic bioceramic-based sealer: Roberto Alameda Hoshino, Mateus Machado Delfino, Guilherme Ferreira da Silva, Juliane Maria Guerreiro-Tanomaru, Mário Tanomaru-Filho, Estela Sasso-Cerri, Paulo Sérgio Cerri; Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(1):e4. Published online December 17, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e4

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This study evaluated the biocompatibility and bioactive potential of NeoMTA Plus mixed as a root canal sealer in comparison with MTA Fillapex.

Materials and Methods

Polyethylene tubes filled with NeoMTA Plus (n = 20), MTA Fillapex (n = 20), or nothing (control group, CG; n = 20) were inserted into the connective tissue in the dorsal subcutaneous layer of rats. After 7, 15, 30 and 60 days, the specimens were processed for paraffin embedding. The capsule thickness, collagen content, and number of inflammatory cells (ICs) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) immunolabeled cells were measured. von Kossa-positive structures were evaluated and unstained sections were analyzed under polarized light. Two-way analysis of variance was performed, followed by the post hoc Tukey test (p ≤ 0.05).

Results

At 7 days, the capsules around NeoMTA Plus and MTA Fillapex had more ICs and IL-6-immunostained cells than the CG. However, at 60 days, there was no significant difference in the IC number between NeoMTA Plus and the CG (p = 0.1137) or the MTA Fillapex group (p = 0.4062), although a greater number of IL-6-immunostained cells was observed in the MTA Fillapex group (p = 0.0353). From 7 to 60 days, the capsule thickness of the NeoMTA Plus and MTA Fillapex specimens significantly decreased, concomitantly with an increase in the collagen content. The capsules around root canal sealers showed positivity to the von Kossa stain and birefringent structures.

Conclusions

The NeoMTA Plus root canal sealer is biocompatible and exhibits bioactive potential.

Citations

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Retrievability of NeoMTA 2 vs AH Plus Sealer from Retreated Mesial Canals of Mandibular First Molars: A Microcomputed Tomography Ex Vivo Study
Mey A Al-Habib, Mona Alsulaiman
The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice.2025; 26(5): 493. CrossRef
Effect of calcium silicate-based repair sealers on bone healing in rat skull defects: histological and histomorphometric study
J. M. Sauer, C. E. S. Bueno, R. A. Pelegrine, C. E. Fontana, E. F. Martinez, P. G. Montagner, W. M. Nascimento, A. G. S. Limoeiro, D. G. P. Rocha, M. F. V. Marceliano-Alves, M. P. W. Galhardi, M. Klymus, A. S. Martin
Endodontics Today.2025; 23(3): 433. CrossRef
Biocompatibility and bioactivity of bioceramic endodontic sealer: NeoSealer Flo
Evelin Carine Alves SILVA, Jéssica Arielli PRADELLI, Guilherme Ferreira da SILVA, Paulo Sérgio CERRI, Mario TANOMARU-FILHO, Juliane Maria GUERREIRO-TANOMARU
Journal of Applied Oral Science.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
The osteoinductive potential of different root-end filling materials in a rat femur model
Seçkin Aksu, Ebru Delikan, Ayşe Özcan Küçük, Zehra Demiray Asoğlu, Şakir Necat Yılmaz
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Clinical outcomes of nonsurgical root canal treatment using NeoSealer Flo and Endosequence BC Sealer: A retrospective analysis with short-term follow-up
Christian Lepure, Ryan M. Walsh, Sayeed Attar, Casey L. Turner, Joshua Crawford, Poorya Jalali
Clinical Oral Investigations.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Biocompatibility and bioactive potential of NeoPUTTY calcium silicate‐based cement: An in vivo study in rats
Evelin Carine Alves Silva, Jéssica Arielli Pradelli, Guilherme Ferreira da Silva, Paulo Sérgio Cerri, Mario Tanomaru‐Filho, Juliane Maria Guerreiro‐Tanomaru
International Endodontic Journal.2024; 57(6): 713. CrossRef
Carbon Nanotubes Induce Mineralization of Human Cementoblasts
Ting-Hsuan Wang, Kiyoko Watanabe, Koichiro Muromachi, Nobushiro Hamada, Nobuyuki Tani-Ishii
Journal of Endodontics.2024; 50(8): 1117. CrossRef
Tissue repair capacity of bioceramic endodontic sealers in rat subcutaneous tissue
George Sampaio Bonates dos Santos, Ceci Nunes Carvalho, Rudys Rodolfo de Jesus Tavares, Paulo Goberlânio de Barros Silva, George Táccio de Miranda Candeiro, Etevaldo Matos Maia Filho
Brazilian Dental Journal.2023; 34(3): 25. CrossRef
Participation of fibroblast growth factor‐1 and interleukin‐10 in connective tissue repair following subcutaneous implantation of bioceramic materials in rats
Mateus Machado Delfino, José Leandro de Abreu Jampani, Camila Soares Lopes, Juliane Maria Guerreiro‐Tanomaru, Mário Tanomaru‐Filho, Estela Sasso‐Cerri, Paulo Sérgio Cerri
International Endodontic Journal.2023; 56(3): 385. CrossRef
Biocompatibility and bioactive potential of an experimental tricalcium silicate‐based cement in comparison with Bio‐C repair and MTA Repair HP materials
Marcela Borsatto Queiroz, Rafaela N. H. Inada, José Leandro de Abreu Jampani, Juliane Maria Guerreiro‐Tanomaru, Estela Sasso‐Cerri, Mário Tanomaru‐Filho, Paulo Sérgio Cerri
International Endodontic Journal.2023; 56(2): 259. CrossRef
Calcium Silicate-Based Sealer Dentinal Tubule Penetration—A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies
Israa Ashkar, José Luis Sanz, Leopoldo Forner, María Melo
Materials.2023; 16(7): 2734. CrossRef
Bioactivity Potential of Bioceramic-Based Root Canal Sealers: A Scoping Review
Mauro Schmitz Estivalet, Lucas Peixoto de Araújo, Felipe Immich, Adriana Fernandes da Silva, Nadia de Souza Ferreira, Wellington Luiz de Oliveira da Rosa, Evandro Piva
Life.2022; 12(11): 1853. CrossRef
Tricalcium silicate cement sealers
Anita Aminoshariae, Carolyn Primus, James C. Kulild
The Journal of the American Dental Association.2022; 153(8): 750. CrossRef
Bioactive potential of Bio‐C Pulpo is evidenced by presence of birefringent calcite and osteocalcin immunoexpression in the rat subcutaneous tissue
Marcela Borsatto Queiroz, Rafaela Nanami Handa Inada, Camila Soares Lopes, Juliane Maria Guerreiro‐Tanomaru, Estela Sasso‐Cerri, Mário Tanomaru‐Filho, Paulo Sérgio Cerri
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials.2022; 110(10): 2369. CrossRef
An Updated Review on Properties and Indications of Calcium Silicate‐Based Cements in Endodontic Therapy
Fateme Eskandari, Alireza Razavian, Rozhina Hamidi, Khadije Yousefi, Susan Borzou, Zohaib Khurshid
International Journal of Dentistry.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

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11 Web of Science
15 Crossref

A micro-computed tomographic study using a novel test model to assess the filling ability and volumetric changes of bioceramic root repair materials: Fernanda Ferrari Esteves Torres, Jader Camilo Pinto, Gabriella Oliveira Figueira, Juliane Maria Guerreiro-Tanomaru, Mario Tanomaru-Filho; Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(1):e2. Published online December 8, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e2

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

New premixed bioceramic root repair materials require moisture for setting. Using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), this study evaluated the filling ability and volumetric changes of calcium silicate-based repair materials (mineral trioxide aggregate repair high-plasticity [MTA HP] and Bio-C Repair, Angelus), in comparison with a zinc oxide and eugenol-based material (intermediate restorative material [IRM]; Dentsply DeTrey).

Materials and Methods

Gypsum models with cavities 3 mm deep and 1 mm in diameter were manufactured and scanned using micro-CT (SkyScan 1272. Bruker). The cavities were filled with the cements and scanned again to evaluate their filling capacity. Another scan was performed after immersing the samples in distilled water for 7 days to assess the volumetric changes of the cements. The statistical significance of differences in the data was evaluated using analysis of variance and the Tukey test with a 5% significance level.

Results

Bio-C Repair had a greater filling ability than MTA HP (p < 0.05). IRM was similar to Bio-C and MTA HP (p > 0.05). MTA HP presented the largest volumetric change (p < 0.05), showing more volume loss than Bio-C and IRM, which were similar (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

Bio-C Repair is a new endodontic material with excellent filling capacity and low volumetric change. The gypsum model proposed for evaluating filling ability and volumetric changes by micro-CT had appropriate and reproducible results. This model may enhance the physicochemical evaluation of premixed bioceramic materials, which need moisture for setting.

Citations

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Comparative evaluation of sealing potential of mineral trioxide aggregate, biodentine, and bio-C repair in furcation perforations: A glucose penetration study
Ashwija Shetty, Hajira Anjum Sultana, A. Srirekha, C. Champa, Suditi Pal, V. Sahithi
Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.2025; 28(2): 144. CrossRef
Evaluation of volumetric and surface stability of calcium silicate-based repair cements at different pHs
Ana Cristina Padilha Janini, Débora Leticia Bittencourt Leite Alves, Victor Augusto Benedicto dos Santos, Brenda Fornazaro Moraes, Nilvan Alves da Silva, Matheus Barros-Costa, Luciano Augusto Cano Martins, Francisco Haiter Neto, Marina Angélica Marciano
Clinical Oral Investigations.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Bioceramics in Endodontics: Limitations and Future Innovations—A Review
Peramune Arachchilage Amila Saman Prasad Kumara, Paul Roy Cooper, Peter Cathro, Maree Gould, George Dias, Jithendra Ratnayake
Dentistry Journal.2025; 13(4): 157. CrossRef
Physicochemical properties and periodontal ligament stem cell response to NeoMTA 2
Danilo Cassiano Ferraz, Jáder Camilo Pinto, Ariadne Letra, Renato Menezes Silva, Letícia Chaves de Souza, Juliane Maria Guerreiro-Tanomaru, Mario Tanomaru-Filho
Clinical Oral Investigations.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of Ultrasonic Condensation Time on Void Formation and Microhardness of Well-RootTM PT Apical Plugs in 3D-Printed Immature Teeth
Krasimir Hristov, Ralitsa Bogovska-Gigova
Materials.2025; 18(21): 4835. CrossRef
Effect of pH on the solubility and volumetric change of ready-to-use Bio-C Repair bioceramic material
Luana Raphael da SILVA, Jader Camilo PINTO, Juliane Maria GUERREIRO-TANOMARU, Mário TANOMARU-FILHO
Brazilian Oral Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of blood and artificial saliva contamination on marginal adaptation and sealing ability of different retrograde filling materials: A comparative analysis
Yantrapragada Lakshmi Sunanda, Krishna Prasad Parvathaneni, T. B. V. G. Raju, Abitha Seshadri, Gowtam Dev Dondapati
Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.2024; 27(7): 743. CrossRef
Marginal Adaptation and Porosity of a Novel MTA Brand Applied as Root-End Filling Material: A Micro-CT Study
Yaneta Kouzmanova, Ivanka Dimitrova
Applied Sciences.2024; 14(7): 2758. CrossRef
Volumetric change of calcium silicate-based repair materials in a simulated inflammatory environment: A micro-computed tomography study
Giovanna da Cunha Mendonça, Karina Ines Medina Carita Tavares, Airton Oliveira Santos-Junior, Fernanda Ferrari Esteves Torres, Jáder Camilo Pinto, Juliane Maria Guerreiro-Tanomaru, Mário Tanomaru-Filho
Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.2024; 27(8): 817. CrossRef
Biocompatibility, bioactivity, porosity, and sealer/dentin interface of bioceramic ready-to-use sealers using a dentin-tube model
Rafaela Nanami Handa Inada, Evelin Carine Alves Silva, Camila Soares Lopes, Marcela Borsatto Queiroz, Fernanda Ferrari Esteves Torres, Guilherme Ferreira da Silva, Paulo Sérgio Cerri, Juliane Maria Guerreiro–Tanomaru, Mário Tanomaru-Filho
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Healing the Open Apex: A Case Report on Innovative Apexogenesis of a Maxillary Molar Using Bio-C Repair
Ashwija Shetty, Hajira A Sultana, Keerthan B V, Nithin S Reddy
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Evaluation the Marginal Adaptation for the Bio C Repair and Other Root end Filling Material by Using Scanning Electron Microscope (A Comparative In Vitro Study)
Fatimah HAMADHİ, Zainab M.
Cumhuriyet Dental Journal.2023; 26(3): 261. CrossRef
Biocompatibility, bioactive potential, porosity, and interface analysis calcium silicate repair cements in a dentin tube model
Rafaela Nanami Handa Inada, Marcela Borsatto Queiroz, Camila Soares Lopes, Evelin Carine Alves Silva, Fernanda Ferrari Esteves Torres, Guilherme Ferreira da Silva, Juliane Maria Guerreiro-Tanomaru, Paulo Sérgio Cerri, Mário Tanomaru-Filho
Clinical Oral Investigations.2023; 27(7): 3839. CrossRef
A new proposal for evaluating of the solubility of bioceramic materials in dentin tubes after immersion in PBS: a laboratory investigation
Giovanna da Cunha MENDONÇA, Karina Ines Medina Carita TAVARES, Airton Oliveira SANTOS-JUNIOR, Jáder Camilo PINTO, Juliane Maria GUERREIRO-TANOMARU, Mário TANOMARU-FILHO
Revista de Odontologia da UNESP.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

2,177 View
30 Download
10 Web of Science
14 Crossref

Cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of high mol% yttria containing zirconia: Gulsan Ara Sathi Kazi, Ryo Yamagiwa; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(4):e52. Published online October 14, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e52

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

Yttria-stabilized tetragonal phase zirconia has been used as a dental restorative material for over a decade. While it is still the strongest and toughest ceramic, its translucency remains as a significant drawback. To overcome this, stabilizing the translucency zirconia to a significant cubic crystalline phase by increasing the yttria content to more than 8 mol% (8YTZP). However, the biocompatibility of a high amount of yttria is still an important topic that needs to be investigated.

Materials and Methods

Commercially available 8YTZP plates were used. To enhance cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, the surface of the 8YTZP is sequentially polished with a SiC-coated abrasive paper and surface coating with type I collagen. Fibroblast-like cells L929 used for cell adherence and cell proliferation analysis, and mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) used for cell differentiation analysis.

Results

The results revealed that all samples, regardless of the surface treatment, are hydrophilic and showed a strong affinity for water. Even the cell culture results indicate that simple surface polishing and coating can affect cellular behavior by enhancing cell adhesion and proliferation. Both L929 cells and BMSC were nicely adhered to and proliferated in all conditions.

Conclusions

The results demonstrate the biocompatibility of the cubic phase zirconia with 8 mol% yttria and suggest that yttria with a higher zirconia content are not toxic to the cells, support a strong adhesion of cells on their surfaces, and promote cell proliferation and differentiation. All these confirm its potential use in tissue engineering.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Comparative Evaluation of the Effects of Yttrium Stabilized Zirconia Nanoparticles (YSZrO₂- NP) and Porcelain Particles on Property Enhancement of Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) Denture Composites
Ihuoma V. Diwe, Henry E. Mgbemere, Olurotimi A. Adeleye, Bolanle Akinboboye
Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering.2026; 70: 21. CrossRef
Phase-separated Zr70-Al12.5Fe17.5Y (x = 0–25 at.%) metallic glasses with suitable mechanical properties for possible implant applications
Devinder Singh, Parthiban Ramasamy, Anna Sophie Jelinek, Verena Maier-Kiener, Rahul Bhattacharya, Zhuo Chen, Elham Sharifikolouei, Alessandro Calogero Scalia, Ziba Najmi, Andrea Cochis, Simon Fellner, Eray Yüce, Christoph Gammer, Zaoli Zhang, Jürgen Ecker
Journal of Materials Research and Technology.2025; 35: 6468. CrossRef
Rapid and straightforward preparation of sturdy ZrO2-Y2O3@N-GDs inorganic-organic nanohybrid for boosted biomedical applications
S. Kumaraguru, L. Ragunath, J. Suresh, K. Gopinath
Inorganic Chemistry Communications.2025; 182: 115433. CrossRef
Thermal barrier coatings of YSZ developed by plasma sprayed technique and its effective use in orthopedic and dental application
Aishwariya Rajendiran, Vijayalakshmi Uthirapathy
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Extreme temperature gradient promoting oxygen diffusion in yttria‐stabilized zirconia: A molecular dynamics study
Jian Guo, Yan Yin, Min Yi
Journal of the American Ceramic Society.2024; 107(10): 6783. CrossRef
Bioceramics: a review on design concepts toward tailor-made (multi)-functional materials for tissue engineering applications
Ritesh Kumar, Ipsita Pattanayak, Pragyan Aparajita Dash, Smita Mohanty
Journal of Materials Science.2023; 58(8): 3460. CrossRef
In Vitro Degradation of Mg-Doped ZrO2 Bioceramics at the Interface with Xerostom® Saliva Substitute Gel
Liliana Bizo, Marieta Mureşan-Pop, Réka Barabás, Lucian Barbu-Tudoran, Antonela Berar
Materials.2023; 16(7): 2680. CrossRef
Processing of gelatine coated composite scaffolds based on magnesium and strontium doped hydroxyapatite and yttria-stabilized zirconium oxide
Aleksa Galic, Tamara Matic, Natasa Obradovic, Zvezdana Bascarevic, Djordje Veljovic
Science of Sintering.2023; 55(4): 469. CrossRef
Biocompatibility of ZrO2 vs. Y-TZP Alloys: Influence of Their Composition and Surface Topography
Alex Tchinda, Laëtitia Chézeau, Gaël Pierson, Richard Kouitat-Njiwa, B H Rihn, Pierre Bravetti
Materials.2022; 15(13): 4655. CrossRef
Influence of oxygen vacancy compensation on the structure, electronic and mechanical properties of yttrium stabilized tetragonal zirconia
Zhou Fan, Yang Wang, Yidong Zhang, Jianyi Liu
Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing.2021; 135: 106082. CrossRef

1,895 View
20 Download
10 Crossref

Reference values for pulp oxygen saturation as a diagnostic tool in endodontics: a systematic review and meta-analysis: Paula Lambert, Sergio Augusto Quevedo Miguens, Caroline Solda, Juliana Tomaz Sganzerla, Leandro Azambuja Reichert, Carlos Estrela, Fernando Branco Barletta; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(4):e48. Published online October 5, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e48

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This systematic review aimed to identify mean oxygen saturation values (SpO₂) using pulse oximetry in permanent maxillary anterior teeth.

Materials and Methods

The MEDLINE, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, and Literatura Latino Americana em Ciências da Saúde electronic databases were searched. Combinations and variations of “oximetry” AND “dental pulp test” were used as search terms. Studies reporting means and standard deviations of SpO₂ values were included. Two reviewers independently extracted data following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic, and all analyses were performed using R software. Study quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.

Results

Of the 251 studies identified, 19 met the eligibility criteria and were included (total sample, 4,541 teeth). In the meta-analysis, the mean SpO₂ values were 84.94% (95% confidence interval [CI], 84.85%–85.04%) for the central incisors, 89.29% (95% CI, 89.22%–89.35%) for the lateral incisors, and 89.20% (95% CI, 89.05%–89.34%) for the canines. The studies were predominantly low-quality due to the high risk of bias associated with the index test, unclear risk regarding patient selection, and concerns about outcome assessment.

Conclusions

Although most studies were low-quality, the oxygen saturation levels in normal pulp could be established (minimum saturation, 77.52%). Despite the risk of bias of the included studies, the reference values reported herein are clinically relevant for assessments of changes in pulp status.

Trial Registration

International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews Identifier: CRD42018085598

Citations

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Herman J. J. Roeykens, Rani D’haese, Wolfgang Jacquet, Roeland J. G. De Moor, Stefan Vandeweghe
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Satoko Kakino, Hiroaki Ohki, Kaori Kohi, Yuko Matsumura, Tsutomu Iwamoto
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Foo Suanhow, Tawil Bill
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Shankar Paulindraraj, Hemalatha Ramkumar, Trophimus Gnanabagyan Jayakaran, Kranthi Reddy Kanumuru, Nancy Solomon, Senthil Dakshinamoorthy
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Andreea Igna, Darian Rusu, Emilia Ogodescu, Ștefania Dinu, Marius Boariu, Adrian Voicu, Ștefan-Ioan Stratul
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2022; 12(1): 170. CrossRef
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Kanamarlapudi Venkata Saikiran, Deepa Gurunathan, Sainath Reddy Elicherla, Sreekanth Kumar Mallineni, Sivakumar Nuvvula
Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry.2022; 40(4): 349. CrossRef
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BioMed Research International.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Assessment of Pulpal Status in Primary Teeth Following Direct Pulp Capping in an Experimental Canine Model
Andreea Igna, Cornel Igna, Mariana Ioana Miron, Larisa Schuszler, Roxana Dascălu, Mihaela Moldovan, Adrian Aristide Voicu, Carmen Darinca Todea, Marius Boariu, Maria-Alexandra Mârțu, Ștefan-Ioan Stratul
Diagnostics.2022; 12(8): 2022. CrossRef

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Physicochemical properties, cytotoxicity and penetration into dentinal tubules of sodium hypochlorite with and without surfactants: Hernán Coaguila-Llerena, Isadora Barbieri, Mário Tanomaru-Filho, Renato de Toledo Leonardo, Ana Paula Ramos, Gisele Faria; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(4):e47. Published online September 10, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e47

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Objectives

The aim of this study was to assess the physicochemical properties, cytotoxicity and penetration into dentinal tubules of ChlorCid™ Surf (3% sodium hypochlorite [NaOCl] with surfactant) in comparison to ChlorCid™ (3% NaOCl without surfactant).

Materials and Methods

The physicochemical properties evaluated were pH, surface tension, free available chlorine (FAC) and contact angle. Cytotoxicity was evaluated in L929 fibroblasts exposed to the solutions by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide and neutral red assays. Assessment of penetration into dentinal tubules was performed by staining single-rooted permanent human teeth with crystal violet (n = 9), which were irrigated with the solutions and analyzed in cervical, middle and apical segments. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's post-test, 2-way ANOVA and Bonferroni's post-test or t-test (α = 0.05).

Results

ChlorCid™ Surf and ChlorCid™ FAC values were close to those indicated by the manufacturer. ChlorCid™ Surf showed lower surface tension and contact angle on dentin, and higher pH than ChlorCid™ (p < 0.05). The penetration of ChlorCid™ Surf was higher in cervical and middle segments, compared with ChlorCid™ (p < 0.05). There was no difference in irrigant cytotoxicity (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

ChlorCid™ Surf showed lower surface tension, lower contact angle on root canal dentin, higher penetration into dentinal tubules and more alkaline pH, compared with ChlorCid™. However, both solutions showed similar cytotoxicity and FAC content.

Citations

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Effects of penetration enhancers on the performance of irrigants for root canal disinfection
Yi Luo, Runze Liu, Pei Liu, Mengting Duan, Wei Fan, Bing Fan
Clinical Oral Investigations.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Physicochemical and Biological Properties of the “All-In-One” Endodontic Irrigant Triton
Jesus Aranda, Elda Olivia Nobre de Souza, Arturo Javier Aranda Garcia, Renato de Toledo Leonardo, Ana Paula Ramos, Giampiero Rossi-Fedele, Gisele Faria
Journal of Endodontics.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Influence of post space disinfection protocols on the push-out bond strength of fiber posts luted with self-adhesive cement
Satheesh B. Haralur, Salem Ali Alqahtani, Khalid Salem Alqahtani, Mohammed A. Al-Qarni, Saeed M. AlQahtani
AIP Advances.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Research methods assessing sodium hypochlorite cytotoxicity: A scoping review
Hernán Coaguila-Llerena, Luana Raphael da Silva, Gisele Faria
Heliyon.2024; 10(1): e23060. CrossRef
Amelioration in the sodium hypochlorite as root canal irrigant – A review
Preety Sehrawat
International Dental Journal of Student's Research.2024; 12(2): 65. CrossRef
Sonic-assisted antibacterial photodynamic therapy: a strategy for enhancing lateral canal disinfection
Yanhuang Wang, Lishan Lei, Jing Huang, Zhiyu Cai, Xiaojing Huang
BMC Oral Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
A Comparative Evaluation of Contact Angle and Depth of Penetration of Sodium Hypochlorite With Various Surfactants: An In Vitro Study
Shubhashini N, Krithika D, Akhilesh Gowda , Shruthi Nagaraja , Rhea S Mathew, Nivaskumar G A, Vinaychandra R
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Antibacterial efficacy of silver nanoparticles, sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine, and hypochlorous acid on dentinal surfaces infected with Enterococcus faecalis
Aysenur Oncu, Berkan Celikten, Betül Aydın, Gulin Amasya, Erkan Tuncay, Gamze Guney Eskiler, Leyla Açık, Fatma Semra Sevimay
Microscopy Research and Technique.2024; 87(9): 2094. CrossRef
Advances in the Role of Sodium Hypochlorite Irrigant in Chemical Preparation of Root Canal Treatment
Chen Cai, Xuan Chen, Yang Li, Qianzhou Jiang, Yeliz Guven
BioMed Research International.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of sodium hypochlorite-based formulations on the adhesion interface after fiber post cementation
Joatan Lucas de Sousa Gomes COSTA, Tatiane Miranda MANZOLI, João Felipe BESEGATO, Joissi Ferrari ZANIBONI, Eliane Cristina Gulin DE OLIVEIRA, Lucas David GALVANI, Andréa Abi Rached DANTAS, Luis Geraldo VAZ, Milton Carlos KUGA
Dental Materials Journal.2023; 42(6): 878. CrossRef
Physicochemical properties and penetration into dentinal tubules of calcium hypochlorite with surfactants
Hernán Coaguila-Llerena, Julia da Silva Toledo, Ana Paula Ramos, Gisele Faria
Brazilian Dental Journal.2022; 33(2): 1. CrossRef

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Effect of phytic acid as an endodontic chelator on resin adhesion to sodium hypochlorite-treated dentin: Mohannad Nassar, Noriko Hiraishi, Md. Sofiqul Islam, Maria JRH. Romero, Masayuki Otsuki, Junji Tagami; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(4):e44. Published online August 24, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e44

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

Phytic acid (IP6), a naturally occurring agent, has been previously reported as a potential alternative to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). However, its effect on adhesion to sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)-treated dentin and its interactions with NaOCl have not been previously reported. Thus, in this study, the effects of IP6 on resin adhesion to NaOCl-treated dentin and the failure mode were investigated and the interactions between the used agents were analyzed.

Materials and Methods

Micro-tensile bond strength (µTBS) testing was performed until failure on dentin treated with either distilled water (control), 5% NaOCl, or 5% NaOCl followed with chelators: 17% EDTA for 1 minute or 1% IP6 for 30 seconds or 1 minute. The failed specimens were assessed under a scanning electron microscope. The reaction of NaOCl with EDTA or IP6 was analyzed in terms of temperature, pH, effervescence, and chlorine odor, and the effects of the resulting mixtures on the color of a stained paper were recorded.

Results

The µTBS values of the control and NaOCl with chelator groups were not significantly different, but were all significantly higher than that of the group treated with NaOCl only. In the failure analysis, a distinctive feature was the presence of resin tags in samples conditioned with IP6 after treatment with NaOCl. The reaction of 1% IP6 with 5% NaOCl was less aggressive than the reaction of the latter with 17% EDTA.

Conclusions

IP6 reversed the adverse effects of NaOCl on resin-dentin adhesion without the chlorine-depleting effect of EDTA.

Citations

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Md Sofiqul Islam, Shadi El Bahra, Smriti Aryal A C, Vivek Padmanabhan, Abdulaziz Al Tawil, Ihab Saleh, Muhammed Mustahsen Rahman, Upoma Guha
Polymers.2025; 17(4): 513. CrossRef
Advancing Adhesive Strategies for Endodontically Treated Teeth—Part I: Impact of Endodontic Irrigation Protocols on the Chemical Composition and Structural Integrity of Coronal Dentin
Joana A. Marques, Rui I. Falacho, Sara Fateixa, Francisco Caramelo, João Miguel Santos, João Rocha, Markus B. Blatz, João Carlos Ramos, Paulo J. Palma
Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.2025; 37(7): 1848. CrossRef
Effect of collagen crosslinkers on sodium hypochlorite treated dentin bond strength: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Weiqing Zhou, Shuting Feng, Xiaojun Chu, Shuaimei Xu, Xiongqun Zeng
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Advancing Adhesive Strategies for Endodontically Treated Teeth—Part II: Dentin Sealing Before Irrigation Increases Long‐Term Microtensile Bond Strength to Coronal Dentin
Joana A. Marques, Rui I. Falacho, Gabriela Almeida, Francisco Caramelo, João Miguel Santos, João Rocha, Markus B. Blatz, João Carlos Ramos, Paulo J. Palma
Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.2025; 37(7): 1865. CrossRef
Effects of phytic acid and etidronic acid using continuous and sequential chelation on the removal of smear layer, dentin microhardness, and push-out bond strength of calcium silicate-based cement
Ecehan Hazar, Ahmet Hazar
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Comparative evaluation of free available chlorine in sodium hypochlorite solutions admixed with novel chelating agents
Somya Tyagi, Sonali Taneja, Kandasamy Nagarajan, Divya Chowdhary
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Effect of different chelating agents, with and without activation, including XP-endo Finisher, on root dentin microhardness: An in vitro study
Mahmoud Mohamed A. Sherif, Mai Hamdy Ragab, Marwa ElSayed Sharaan
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The Saudi Dental Journal.2024; 36(8): 1093. CrossRef
In Vitro Bond Strength of Dentin Treated with Sodium Hypochlorite: Effects of Antioxidant Solutions
Guillermo Grazioli, Elisa de León Cáceres, Romina Tessore, Rafael Lund, Ana Monjarás-Ávila, Monika Lukomska-Szymanska, Louis Hardan, Rim Bourgi, Carlos Cuevas-Suárez
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Is a mix – A fix? “A microscopic analysis of depth of penetration of three combinations of irrigants”
Yantrapragada Lakshmi Sunanda, Krishna Prasad Parvathaneni, T. B. V. G. Raju, Abitha Seshadri, Nadimpalli Mahendra Varma, Gowtam Dev Dondapati
Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.2024; 27(2): 186. CrossRef
Effect of phytic acid on dentinal collagen solubilization and its binding and debinding potentials to dentin
Diletta Forgione, Mohannad Nassar, Roda Seseogullari-Dirihan, Ahmed Jamleh, Arzu Tezvergil-Mutluay
Journal of Dentistry.2023; 128: 104361. CrossRef
Application of Inositol Hexaphosphate and Inositol in Dental Medicine: An Overview
Ana Druzijanic, Mare Kovic, Marija Roguljic, Livia Cigic, Martina Majstorovic, Ivana Vucenik
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Ex-vivo study about antimicrobial effectiveness of phytic acid against Enterococcus faecalis into root canals
Giulia BOSCHI, Giorgio PICCINELLI, Carlo BONFANTI, Stefano A. SALGARELLO
Minerva Dental and Oral Science.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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Ahmed Mostafa Attia, Ahmed Fawzy Abo-Elezz, Rehab Khalil Safy
Brazilian Dental Journal.2022; 33(5): 116. CrossRef
Resin-Based Cement Applied to Enamel and Dentin Pre-Treated with Phytic Acid: An In Vitro Study
Mohannad Nassar, Md. Sofiqul Islam, Smriti Aryal A C, Hatem Mostafa El-Damanhoury, Salvatore Sauro, Noriko Hiraishi
Applied Sciences.2021; 11(24): 11976. CrossRef
Postspace pretreatment with 17% ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, 7% maleic acid, and 1% phytic acid on bond strength of fiber posts luted with a self-adhesive resin cement
PriyaC Yadav, Ramya Raghu, Ashish Shetty, Subhashini Rajasekhara
Journal of Conservative Dentistry.2021; 24(6): 558. CrossRef
Phytic Acid: Properties and Potential Applications in Dentistry
Mohannad Nassar, Rania Nassar, Husain Maki, Abdullah Al-Yagoob, Mahmood Hachim, Abiola Senok, David Williams, Noriko Hiraishi
Frontiers in Materials.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

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Case Report

Bioblock technique to treat severe internal resorption with subsequent periapical pathology: a case report: Márk Fráter, Tekla Sáry, Sufyan Garoushi; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(4):e43. Published online August 18, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e43

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

A variety of therapeutic modalities can be used for the endodontic treatment of a traumatized tooth with internal root resorption (IRR). The authors present a case report of the successful restoration of a traumatized upper central incisor that was weakened due to severe IRR and subsequent periapical lesion formation. A 20-year-old female patient was referred to our clinic with severe internal resorption and subsequent periapical pathosis destroying the buccal bone wall. Root canal treatment had been initiated previously at another dental practice, but at that time, the patient's condition could not be managed even with several treatments. After cone-beam computed tomography imaging and proper chemomechanical cleaning, the tooth was managed with a mineral trioxide aggregate plug followed by root canal filling using short fiber-reinforced composite, known as the Bioblock technique. This report is the first documentation of the use of the Bioblock technique in the restoration of a traumatized tooth. The Bioblock technique appears to be ideal for restoring wide irregular root canals, as in cases of severe internal resorption, because it can uniquely fill out the hollow irregularities of the canal. However, further long-term clinical investigations are required to provide additional information about this new technique.

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Üvegszálas fogászati kompozit tömőanyag keménysége a gyökércsatornában: nanoindentációs vizsgálat
András Jakab, Kata Lilla Vánkay, Tamás Tarjányi, Gábor Gulyás, Krisztián Bali, Pál Patrik Dézsi, Márton Sámi, Márk Fráter
Fogorvosi Szemle.2024; 117(2): 47. CrossRef
Evaluation of microhardness of short fiber-reinforced composites inside the root canal after different light curing methods – An in vitro study
Márk Fráter, János Grosz, András Jakab, Gábor Braunitzer, Tamás Tarjányi, Gábor Gulyás, Krisztián Bali, Paula Andrea Villa-Machado, Sufyan Garoushi, András Forster
Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials.2024; 150: 106324. CrossRef
Imaging techniques and various treatment modalities used in the management of internal root resorption: A systematic review
R. S Digholkar, S D Aggarwal, P S Kurtarkar, P. B Dhatavkar, V L Neil, D N Agarwal
Endodontology.2023; 35(2): 85. CrossRef
The Impact of the Preferred Reporting Items for Case Reports in Endodontics (PRICE) 2020 Guidelines on the Reporting of Endodontic Case Reports
Sofian Youssef, Phillip Tomson, Amir Reza Akbari, Natalie Archer, Fayjel Shah, Jasmeet Heran, Sunmeet Kandhari, Sandeep Pai, Shivakar Mehrotra, Joanna M Batt
Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Fatigue performance of endodontically treated premolars restored with direct and indirect cuspal coverage restorations utilizing fiber-reinforced cores
Márk Fráter, Tekla Sáry, Janka Molnár, Gábor Braunitzer, Lippo Lassila, Pekka K. Vallittu, Sufyan Garoushi
Clinical Oral Investigations.2022; 26(4): 3501. CrossRef

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Research Article

Flow characteristics and alkalinity of novel bioceramic root canal sealers: Anastasios Katakidis, Konstantinos Sidiropoulos, Elisabeth Koulaouzidou, Christos Gogos, Nikolaos Economides; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(4):e42. Published online August 18, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e42

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objective

This study aimed to examine the physical properties (pH and flow) of 2 novel bioceramic sealers.

Materials and Methods

The tested sealers were a calcium hydroxide sealer (Sealapex) and 2 bioceramic sealers (BioRoot RCS and TotalFill BC Sealer). Flow measurements were conducted according to ISO 6876/2012, with a press method of 0.05 mL of sealer. The pH of fresh samples was tested immediately after manipulation, while set samples were stored for 3 times the recommended setting time. The predetermined time intervals ranged from 3 minutes to 24 hours for fresh samples and from 10 minutes to 7 days and 4 weeks for the set samples. Analysis of variance was performed, with p = 0.05 considered indicating significance.

Results

The mean flow values were 26.99 mm for BioRoot, 28.19 for Sealapex, and 30.8 mm for TotalFill BC Sealer, satisfying the ISO standard. In the set samples, BioRoot RCS had higher pH values at 24 hours to 1 week after immersion in distilled water. At 2 weeks, both bioceramic sealers had similar pH values, greater than that of Sealapex. In the fresh samples, the bioceramic sealers had significantly higher initial pH values than Sealapex (p < 0.05). At 24 hours post-immersion, all sealers showed an alkaline pH, with the highest pH observed for TotalFill.

Conclusions

The TotalFill BC Sealer demonstrated the highest flow. The bioceramic sealers initially presented higher alkaline activity than the polymeric calcium hydroxide sealer. However, at 3 and 4 weeks post-immersion, all sealers had similar pH values.

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Patryk Wiśniewski, Stanisław Krokosz, Małgorzata Pietruska, Anna Zalewska
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Tamer M. Hamdy, Manar M. Galal, Amira Galal Ismail, Shehabeldin Saber
Head & Face Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Characterization and Assessment of Physical Properties of 3 Single Syringe Hydraulic Cement–based Sealers
Veksina Raman, Josette Camilleri
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Sundus Bukhary, Sarah Alkahtany, Amal Almohaimede, Nourah Alkhayatt, Shahad Alsulaiman, Salma Alohali
Applied Sciences.2024; 14(24): 11639. CrossRef
Influence of root canal moisture on the penetration of TotalFill bioceramic sealer into the dentinal tubules: A confocal laser scanning microscopy study
Archika M Singh, Tarek M Elsewify, Walid S El-Sayed, Husam H Nuawafleh, Ranya F Elemam, Bassem M Eid
Saudi Endodontic Journal.2024; 14(2): 187. CrossRef
Unusual Canal Morphology in Mandibular Premolars With Two Distal and One Mesial Canal: A Case Series
Jinesh A, Sanjana Jayakumar Nair, Saurabh Gupta, Harsh Chansoria, Gaurav Rawat
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
A scientometric, bibliometric, and thematic map analysis of hydraulic calcium silicate root canal sealers
Anastasios Katakidis, Konstantinos Kodonas, Anastasia Fardi, Christos Gogos
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Thermal, chemical and physical analysis of VDW.1Seal, Fill Root ST, and ADseal root canal sealers
Shehabeldin Saber, Manar M. Galal, Amira Galal Ismail, Tamer M. Hamdy
Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
α-tricalcium phosphate/fluorapatite-based cement - promising dental root canal filling material
Abdul Kazuz, Zeljko Radovanovic, Djordje Veljovic, Vesna Kojic, Dimitar Jakimov, Tamara Vlajic-Tovilovic, Vesna Miletic, Rada Petrovic, Djordje Janackovic
Processing and Application of Ceramics.2022; 16(1): 22. CrossRef

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Invited Review Article

The effect of root canal irrigants on dentin: a focused review: Priti Pragati Rath, Cynthia Kar Yung Yiu, Jukka Pekka Matinlinna, Anil Kishen, Prasanna Neelakantan; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(3):e39. Published online June 30, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e39

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Despite the vast literature on the effects of root canal irrigants on the dentin characteristics, the precise effects of clinically relevant irrigation sequences remain unclear. In this review, we systematically dissect the role of different sequential irrigation approaches that are used in clinical endodontics. Using a systematic search strategy, we attempt to answer the question: ‘Which irrigating sequence has the most deleterious effects on dentin structure and properties?’ The effect of irrigants on the dentin composition and mechanical properties have been reviewed. A wide variety of concentrations, duration and techniques have been employed to characterize the effects of chemicals on dentin properties, thus making it impossible to draw guidelines or recommendations of irrigant sequences to be followed clinically. It was apparent that all the studied irrigation sequences potentially result in some deleterious effects on dentin such as decrease in the flexural strength, microhardness, modulus of elasticity and inorganic content and organic-inorganic ratio of the dentin. However, the literature still lacks comprehensive investigations to compare the deleterious effect of different irrigation sequences, using a wide variety of qualitative and quantitative methods. Such investigations are essential to make clinical recommendations and strategize efforts to minimize chemically-induced damage to dentin characteristics.

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Review Article

Calcium silicate-based root canal sealers: a literature review: Miyoung Lim, Chanyong Jung, Dong-Hoon Shin, Yong-bum Cho, Minju Song; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(3):e35. Published online June 9, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e35

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Epoxy resin-based sealers are currently widely used, and several studies have considered AH Plus to be the gold-standard sealer. However, it still has limitations, including possible mutagenicity, cytotoxicity, inflammatory response, and hydrophobicity. Drawing upon the advantages of mineral trioxide aggregate, calcium silicate-based sealers were introduced with high levels of biocompatibility and hydrophilicity. Because of the hydrophilic environment in root canals, water resorption and solubility of root canal sealers are important factors contributing to their stability. Sealers displaying lower microleakage and stronger push-out bond strength are also needed to endure the dynamic tooth environment. Although the physical properties of calcium silicate-based sealers meet International Organization for Standardization recommendations, and they have consistently reported to be biocompatible, they have not overcome conventional resin-based sealers in actual practice. Therefore, further studies aiming to improve the physical properties of calcium silicate-based sealers are needed.

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Minju Song, Min-Gyu Park, Sang-Won Kwak, Ruben H. Kim, Jung-Hong Ha, Hyeon-Cheol Kim
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Miyoung Lim, Seunghoon Yoo
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Naji Kharouf, Salvatore Sauro, Ammar Eid, Jihed Zghal, Hamdi Jmal, Anta Seck, Valentina Macaluso, Frédéric Addiego, Francesco Inchingolo, Christine Affolter-Zbaraszczuk, Florent Meyer, Youssef Haikel, Davide Mancino
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Min-Kyung Jung, So-Chung Park, Yu-Jin Kim, Jong-Tae Park, Jonathan C. Knowles, Jeong-Hui Park, Khandmaa Dashnyam, Soo-Kyung Jun, Hae-Hyoung Lee, Jung-Hwan Lee
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Gustavo De‐Deus, Erick Miranda Souza, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva, Felipe Gonçalves Belladonna, Marco Simões‐Carvalho, Daniele Moreira Cavalcante, Marco Aurélio Versiani
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Mauro Schmitz Estivalet, Lucas Peixoto de Araújo, Felipe Immich, Adriana Fernandes da Silva, Nadia de Souza Ferreira, Wellington Luiz de Oliveira da Rosa, Evandro Piva
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Sunanda Laxman Gaddalay, Damini Vilas Patil, Ramchandra Kabir
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The Effect of Bioceramic HiFlow and EndoSequence Bioceramic Sealers on Increasing the Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Teeth: An In Vitro Study
Mohamad Khir Abdulsamad Alskaf, Hassan Achour, Hasan Alzoubi
Cureus.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
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Chitra S, Riju Chandran, Ramya R, Durgalakshmi D, Balakumar S
Biomedical Materials.2022; 17(3): 035001. CrossRef
A Micro-CT Analysis of Initial and Long-Term Pores Volume and Porosity of Bioactive Endodontic Sealers
Mateusz Radwanski, Michal Leski, Adam K. Puszkarz, Jerzy Sokolowski, Louis Hardan, Rim Bourgi, Salvatore Sauro, Monika Lukomska-Szymanska
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Sabina Noreen Wuersching, Christian Diegritz, Reinhard Hickel, Karin Christine Huth, Maximilian Kollmuss
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Ivan Matovic, Jelena Vucetic
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Paola Castillo-Villagomez, Elizabeth Madla-Cruz, Fanny Lopez-Martinez, Idalia Rodriguez-Delgado, Jorge Jaime Flores-Treviño, Guadalupe Ismael Malagon-Santiago, Myriam Angelica de La Garza-Ramos
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Tricalcium silicate cement sealers
Anita Aminoshariae, Carolyn Primus, James C. Kulild
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Influence of variations in the environmental pH on the solubility and water sorption of a calcium silicate‐based root canal sealer
E. J. N. L. Silva, C. M. Ferreira, K. P. Pinto, A. F. A. Barbosa, M. V. Colaço, L. M. Sassone
International Endodontic Journal.2021; 54(8): 1394. CrossRef
Calcium Silicate-Based Root Canal Sealers: A Narrative Review and Clinical Perspectives
Germain Sfeir, Carla Zogheib, Shanon Patel, Thomas Giraud, Venkateshbabu Nagendrababu, Frédéric Bukiet
Materials.2021; 14(14): 3965. CrossRef
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Angelica Bertacci, Daniele Moro, Gianfranco Ulian, Giovanni Valdrè
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Bone repair in defects filled with AH Plus sealer and different concentrations of MTA: a study in rat tibiae
Jessica Emanuella Rocha Paz, Priscila Oliveira Costa, Albert Alexandre Costa Souza, Ingrid Macedo de Oliveira, Lucas Fernandes Falcão, Carlos Alberto Monteiro Falcão, Maria Ângela Area Leão Ferraz, Lucielma Salmito Soares Pinto
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Characterization, Antimicrobial Effects, and Cytocompatibility of a Root Canal Sealer Produced by Pozzolan Reaction between Calcium Hydroxide and Silica
Mi-Ah Kim, Vinicius Rosa, Prasanna Neelakantan, Yun-Chan Hwang, Kyung-San Min
Materials.2021; 14(11): 2863. CrossRef
Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Calcium-Silicate Nanobioceramics with Magnesium: Effect of Heat Treatment on Biological, Physical and Chemical Properties
Konstantina Kazeli, Ioannis Tsamesidis, Anna Theocharidou, Lamprini Malletzidou, Jonathan Rhoades, Georgia K. Pouroutzidou, Eleni Likotrafiti, Konstantinos Chrissafis, Theodoros Lialiaris, Lambrini Papadopoulou, Eleana Kontonasaki, Evgenia Lymperaki
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Calcium Silicate Cements vs. Epoxy Resin Based Cements: Narrative Review
Mario Dioguardi, Cristian Quarta, Diego Sovereto, Giuseppe Troiano, Khrystyna Zhurakivska, Maria Bizzoca, Lorenzo Lo Muzio, Lucio Lo Russo
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In Vitro Microleakage Evaluation of Bioceramic and Zinc-Eugenol Sealers with Two Obturation Techniques
Francesco De Angelis, Camillo D’Arcangelo, Matteo Buonvivere, Rachele Argentino, Mirco Vadini
Coatings.2021; 11(6): 727. CrossRef
Efficacy Of Calcium Silicate-Based Sealers In Root Canal Treatment: A Systematic Review
Hattan Mohammed Omar Baismail, Mohammed Ghazi Moiser Albalawi, Alaa Mofareh Thoilek Alanazi, Muhannad Atallah Saleem Alatawi, Badr Soliman Alhussain
Annals of Dental Specialty.2021; 9(1): 87. CrossRef
Apical Sealing Ability of Two Calcium Silicate-Based Sealers Using a Radioactive Isotope Method: An In Vitro Apexification Model
Inês Raquel Pereira, Catarina Carvalho, Siri Paulo, José Pedro Martinho, Ana Sofia Coelho, Anabela Baptista Paula, Carlos Miguel Marto, Eunice Carrilho, Maria Filomena Botelho, Ana Margarida Abrantes, Manuel Marques Ferreira
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96 Crossref

Research Articles

Effects of the endodontic access cavity on apical debris extrusion during root canal preparation using different single-file systems: Pelin Tüfenkçi, Koray Yılmaz, Mehmet Adigüzel; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(3):e33. Published online June 4, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e33

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of traditional and contracted endodontic cavity (TEC and CEC) preparation with the use of Reciproc Blue (RPC B) and One Curve (OC) single-file systems on the amount of apical debris extrusion in mandibular first molar root canals.

Materials and Methods

Eighty extracted mandibular first molar teeth were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n = 20) according to the endodontic access cavity shape and the single file system used for root canal preparation (reciprocating motion with the RCP B and rotary motion with the OC): TEC-RPC B, TEC-OC, CEC-RPC B, and CEC-OC. The apically extruded debris during preparation was collected in Eppendorf tubes. The amount of extruded debris was quantified by subtracting the weight of the empty tubes from the weight of the Eppendorf tubes containing the debris. Data were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance with the Tukey post hoc test. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results

The CEC-RPC B group showed more apical debris extrusion than the TEC-OC and CEC-OC groups (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the amount of apical debris extrusion among the TEC-OC, CEC-OC, and TEC-RPC B groups.

Conclusions

RPC B caused more apical debris extrusion in the CEC groups than did the OC single-file system. Therefore, it is suggested that the RPC B file should be used carefully in teeth with a CEC.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Comparative Evaluation of Periapical Expulsion Using Manual, Rotary, and Reciprocating Instrumentation With EndoVac Irrigation: An In Vitro Study
Sachin Metkari, Sanpreet S Sachdev, Pravin Patil, Manoj Ramugade, Kishor D Sapkale, Kulvinder S Banga, Dinesh Rao
Cureus.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Comparison of Debris Extrusion and Preparation Time by Traverse, R‐Motion Glider C, and Other Glide Path Systems in Severely Curved Canals
Taher Al Omari, Layla Hassouneh, Khawlah Albashaireh, Alaa Dkmak, Rami Albanna, Ali Al-Mohammed, Ahmed Jamleh, Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garcia
International Journal of Dentistry.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Minimal İnvaziv Giriş Kavitelerinin Alt Kesici Dişlerdeki Apikal Ekstrüzyona Etkisi
İrem Haskarabağ, Cangül Keskin
Türk Diş Hekimliği Araştırma Dergisi.2025; 4(2): 75. CrossRef
Evaluation of apically extruded debris from root canal filling removal of the mesiobuccal canal of maxillary molars using XP shaper and protaper with two different irrigation
Sanaz Mirsattari, Maryam Zare Jahromi, Masoud Khabiri
Dental Research Journal.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The Impact of Minimum Invasive Access Cavity Design on the Quality of Instrumentation of Root Canals of Maxillary Molars Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: An in Vitro Study
Fahad H Baabdullah, Samia M Elsherief , Rayan A Hawsawi, Hetaf S Redwan
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Assessment of Bacterial Load and Post-Endodontic Pain after One-Visit Root Canal Treatment Using Two Types of Endodontic Access Openings: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Ahmed M. Al-Ani, Ahmed H. Ali, Garrit Koller
Dentistry Journal.2024; 12(4): 88. CrossRef
The effect of different kinematics on apical debris extrusion with a single-file system
Taher M. N. Al Omari, Giusy Rita Maria La Rosa, Rami Haitham Issa Albanna, Abedelmalek Tabnjh, Flavia Papale, Eugenio Pedullà
Odontology.2023; 111(4): 910. CrossRef
The effects of laser and ultrasonic irrigation activation methods on smear and debris removal in traditional and conservative endodontic access cavities
Hüseyin Gündüz, Esin Özlek
Lasers in Medical Science.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Influence of access cavity design, sodium hypochlorite formulation and XP‐endo Shaper usage on apical debris extrusion – A laboratory investigation
Jerry Jose, Aishuwariya Thamilselvan, Kavalipurapu Venkata Teja, Giampiero Rossi–Fedele
Australian Endodontic Journal.2023; 49(1): 6. CrossRef
Apically extruded debris, canal transportation, and shaping ability of nickel-titanium instruments on contracted endodontic cavities in molar teeth
Qinqin Zhang, Jingyi Gu, Jiadi Shen, Ming Ma, Ying Lv, Xin Wei
Journal of Oral Science.2023; 65(4): 203. CrossRef
Impact of contracted endodontic cavities on instrumentation efficacy—A systematic review
Manan Shroff, Karkala Venkappa Kishan, Nimisha Shah, Purnima Saklecha
Australian Endodontic Journal.2023; 49(1): 202. CrossRef
Present status and future directions – Minimal endodontic access cavities
Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva, Gustavo De‐Deus, Erick Miranda Souza, Felipe Gonçalves Belladonna, Daniele Moreira Cavalcante, Marco Simões‐Carvalho, Marco Aurélio Versiani
International Endodontic Journal.2022; 55(S3): 531. CrossRef
Effect of guided conservative endodontic access and different file kinematics on debris extrusion in mesial root of the mandibular molars: An in vitro study
Sathish Sundar, Aswathi Varghese, KrithikaJ Datta, Velmurugan Natanasabapathy
Journal of Conservative Dentistry.2022; 25(5): 547. CrossRef
A critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study apical extrusion of debris and irrigants
Jale Tanalp
International Endodontic Journal.2022; 55(S1): 153. CrossRef
Current strategies for conservative endodontic access cavity preparation techniques—systematic review, meta-analysis, and decision-making protocol
Benoit Ballester, Thomas Giraud, Hany Mohamed Aly Ahmed, Mohamed Shady Nabhan, Frédéric Bukiet, Maud Guivarc’h
Clinical Oral Investigations.2021; 25(11): 6027. CrossRef
Extrusion of debris with and without intentional foraminal enlargement – A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Ricardo Machado, Gislayne Vigarani, Tainara Macoppi, Ajinkya Pawar, Stella Maria Glaci Reinke, Ana Cristina Kovalik Gonçalves
Australian Endodontic Journal.2021; 47(3): 741. CrossRef
Apical debris extrusion of single-file systems in curved canals
Ecehan Hazar, Olcay Özdemir, Mustafa Murat Koçak, Baran Can Sağlam, Sibel Koçak
Endodontology.2021; 33(3): 128. CrossRef
Quantitative Evaluation of Apically Extruded Debris in Root Canals prepared by Single-file Reciprocating and Single File Rotary Instrumentation Systems: A Comparative In vitro Study
Sonal Sinha, Konark Singh, Anju Singh, Swati Priya, Avanindra Kumar, Sahil Kawle
Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences.2021; 13(Suppl 2): S1398. CrossRef
THE INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT PECKING DEPTH ON AMOUNT OF APICALLY EXTRUDED DEBRIS DURING ROOT CANAL PREPARATION
Fatih ÇAKICI, Busra UYSAL, Elif Bahar CAKİCİ, Adem GUNAYDIN
Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi.2021; : 1. CrossRef

2,409 View
23 Download
19 Crossref

Influence of autoclave sterilization procedures on the cyclic fatigue resistance of heat-treated nickel-titanium instruments: a systematic review: Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva, Mayara Zanon, Fernanda Hecksher, Felipe Gonçalves Belladonna, Rafaela Andrade de Vasconcelos, Tatiana Kelly da Silva Fidalgo; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(2):e25. Published online March 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e25

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This systematic review evaluated the influence of autoclave sterilization procedures on the cyclic fatigue resistance of heat-treated nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments.

Materials and Methods

A systematic search without restrictions was conducted in the following electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, and Open Grey. The hand search was also performed in the main endodontic journals. The eligible studies were submitted to the methodological assessment and data extraction.

Results

From 203 abstracts, a total of 10 articles matched the eligible criteria. After reading the full articles, 2 were excluded because of the absence of the heat-treated instruments in the experimental design and 3 due to the lack of a control group using heat-treated instruments without autoclave sterilization. From the 5 included studies, 1 presented a low risk of bias, 3 presented moderate and 1 high risk. It was observed heterogeneous findings in the included studies, with autoclave sterilization cycles increasing, decreasing or not affecting the cyclic fatigue life of heat-treated NiTi instruments. However, the retrieved studies evaluating the cyclic fatigue resistance of endodontic instruments presented different protocols and assessing outcomes, this variability makes the findings less comparable within and also between groups and preclude the establishment of an unbiased scientific evidence base.

Conclusions

Considering the little scientific evidence and considerable risk of bias, it is still possible to conclude that autoclave sterilization procedures appear to influence the cyclic fatigue resistance of heat-treated NiTi instruments.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Impact of Repeated Use on Cyclic and Torsional Fatigue of 3 Rotary Files: Implications for Clinical Safety
Raimundo Sales de Oliveira Neto, Rafael da Rocha Tavares Duarte, Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte, Guilherme Ferreira da Silva, Murilo Priori Alcalde, Leonardo Rigoldi Bonjardim
Journal of Endodontics.2025; 51(7): 954. CrossRef
Impact of Autoclaving on the Mechanical Performance and Metallurgical Behavior of ProTaper Ultimate, BlueShaper, and ZenFlex Nickel–Titanium Systems
Fatima Bardan, Mohamed El-Kishawi, Ensanya Ali Abou Neel, Saaid Al Shehadat, Rashid El Abed, Ahmed Jamleh
Journal of Endodontics.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
EndoMagic Gold M06 Eğelerinde Boyut ve Konikliğin Döngüsel Yorgunluğa Etkisi: Bir İn Vitro Çalışma
Bircan Kuloğlu, Ayşe Çoban, Hatice Büyüközer Özkan
Akdeniz Diş Hekimliği Dergisi.2025; 4(3): 212. CrossRef
Effect of simulated clinical use and sterilization on the cyclic fatigue resistance of nickel titanium files
Mohammad Alajemi, Ammar AbuMostafa
PeerJ.2024; 12: e17418. CrossRef
Cyclic Fatigue of Different Ni-Ti Endodontic Rotary File Alloys: A Comprehensive Review
Dina Abdellatif, Alfredo Iandolo, Michela Scorziello, Giuseppe Sangiovanni, Massimo Pisano
Bioengineering.2024; 11(5): 499. CrossRef
Cyclic Fatigue Resistance of Rotary versus Reciprocating Endodontic Files: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Ana De Pedro-Muñoz, Cristina Rico-Romano, Patricia Sánchez-Llobet, José María Montiel-Company, Jesús Mena-Álvarez
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(3): 882. CrossRef
Influence of sodium hypochlorite on cyclic fatigue resistance of nickel–titanium instruments: A systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro studies
Alexandre Henrique dos Reis-Prado, Lucas Guimarães Abreu, Lara Cancella de Arantes, Kiani dos Santos de Paula, Sabrina de Castro Oliveira, Juliana Goto, Ana Cecília Diniz Viana, Francine Benetti
Clinical Oral Investigations.2023; 27(11): 6291. CrossRef
Cyclic fatigue resistance of EdgeTaper Platinum, Protaper Gold, and TruNatomy Prime rotary files before and after autoclave sterilization
Rahaf A. Almohareb, Reem M. Barakat, Fahda N. Algahtani, Manal F. Alkadi
PeerJ.2023; 11: e14656. CrossRef
Effect of calcium hydroxide on fracture resistance and microhardness of dentin in human teeth
Simar Sethi, Alpa Gupta, Ansy Hanna Kurian, Dax Abraham, Parul Chauhan, Kritika Aneja, Sucheta Jala, Arundeep Singh
Endodontology.2022; 34(4): 223. CrossRef
Effect of body temperature on the cyclic fatigue resistance of the nickel”titanium endodontic instruments: A systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro studies
Selventhra Savitha, Sidhartha Sharma, Vijay Kumar, Amrita Chawla, Perumal Vanamail, Ajay Logani
Journal of Conservative Dentistry.2022; 25(4): 338. CrossRef
Fracture Resistance of Heat-Treated Nickel-Titanium Rotary Files After Usage and Autoclave Sterilization: An In Vitro Study
Rashid El Abed, Aisha Alshehhi, Yoo Jung Kang, Dana Al Raeesi, Amar H. Khamis, Mohamed Jamal, Hyeon-Cheol Kim
Journal of Endodontics.2022; 48(11): 1428. CrossRef
Effect of Autoclaving Cycles on the Cyclic Fatigue Resistance of Race and Race Evo Nickel-Titanium Endodontic Rotary Files: An In Vitro Study
Rahaf A. Almohareb, Reem Barakat, Aroob Albakri, Manal Altamimi
Metals.2021; 11(12): 1947. CrossRef
Effect of number of uses and sterilization on the instrumented area and resistance of reciprocating instruments
Victor de Ornelas Peraça, Samantha Rodrigues Xavier, Fabio de Almeida Gomes, Luciane Geanini Pena dos Santos, Erick Miranda Souza, Fernanda Geraldo Pappen
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Influence of sterilization procedures on the physical and mechanical properties of rotating endodontic instruments: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Mario Dioguardi, Claudia Arena, Diego Sovereto, Riccardo Aiuto, Luigi Laino, Gaetano Illuzzi, Enrica Laneve, Bruna Raddato, Vito Carlo Alberto Caponio, Antonio Dioguardi, Khrystyna Zhurakivska, Giuseppe Troiano, Lorenzo Lo Muzio
Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

2,485 View
43 Download
14 Crossref

Dentin moisture conditions strongly influence its interactions with bioactive root canal sealers: Esin Ozlek, Hüseyin Gündüz, Elif Akkol, Prasanna Neelakantan; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(2):e24. Published online March 24, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e24

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

It is known that bioactive materials interact with the dentin to undergo biomineralization. The exact role of moisture in this interaction is unknown. Here, we investigate the effects of dentin moisture conditions on the dislocation resistance of two bioactive root canal sealers (MTA Fillapex [Angelus Solucoes Odontologicas] and GuttaFlow BioSeal [Colténe/Whaledent AG]) at 3 weeks and 3 months after obturation.

Materials and Methods

Mandibular premolars (n = 120) were prepared and randomly divided into 3 groups based on the dentin condition: group 1, dry dentin; group 2, moist dentin; group 3, wet dentin. Each group was divided into 2 subgroups for root canal filling: MTA Fillapex and GuttaFlow BioSeal. Dislocation resistance was evaluated by measuring the push-out bond strength at 3 weeks and 3 months. Failure modes were examined under a stereomicroscope. Data were statistically analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test with a significance level of 5%.

Results

Moist dentin resulted in higher bond strength values for both materials at both time points. This was significantly higher than wet and dry dentin for both the sealers at the 3 months (p < 0.05), while at 3 weeks it was significant only for GuttaFlow Bioseal. The different moisture conditions demonstrated similar trends in their effects on the dislocation resistance of the 2 root canal sealers.

Conclusions

The dentin moisture conditions had a significant impact on its interaction with the bioactive materials tested. Maintaining moist dentin, but not dry or wet dentin, may be advantageous before the filling root canals with bioactive sealers.

Citations

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Jing Yang, Xiran Xu, Jian Zhang, Kehua Que
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Gustavo Creazzo, Bruna Monteiro de Barros Ciribelli Alves, Helena Cristina de Assis, Karen Gisselle Garay Villamayor, Manoel Damião de Sousa‐Neto, Jardel Francisco Mazzi‐Chaves, Fabiane Carneiro Lopes‐Olhê
Microscopy Research and Technique.2025; 88(7): 1989. CrossRef
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M. Bilal, S. Pasha, S. Kumar, S. Arif, S. Taj, A. Saleem
Endodontics Today.2025; 23(1): 39. CrossRef
Effect of Root Dentin Moisture on the Apical Sealing Ability of Root Canal Sealers: In vitro Study
Zahraa Khalil Alani, Manal Hussain Abd-alla
Al-Rafidain Journal of Medical Sciences ( ISSN 2789-3219 ).2025; 8(2): 122. CrossRef
The Effects of Different Post Space Conditioning Procedures and Different Endodontic Sealers on the Push-Out Bond Strengths of Fiber Posts
Leyla Ayranci, Ahmet Serkan Küçükekenci, Fatih Sarı, Ahmet Çetinkaya
Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences.2025; 15(3): 620. CrossRef
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Meltem Sümbüllü, Afzal Ali, Abdulaziz Bakhsh, Hakan Arslan
PeerJ.2025; 13: e20398. CrossRef
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Nawal Atiya Al-Sabawi, Sawsan Hameed Al-Jubori
Saudi Endodontic Journal.2024; 14(1): 90. CrossRef
The flow behavior and sealing ability of calcium silicate root canal cement containing dimethyl sulfoxide: An in vitro study
Bokyung Shin, Ji-Hwan Seo, Wonjung Kim, Yu Jin Ahn, Ho-Young Kim, Won-Jun Shon
Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials.2024; 150: 106156. CrossRef
Nanoleakage of apical sealing using a calcium silicate-based sealer according to canal drying methods
Yoon-Joo Lee, Kyung-Mo Cho, Se-Hee Park, Yoon Lee, Jin-Woo Kim
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of operators’ proficiency level and patients’ related factors on possible complications, using a high frequency polyamide sonic intracanal irrigation device: A prospective clinical cohort study
Tobias Hahn, David W. Christofzik, Karim Fawzy El-Sayed, Sandra Freitag-Wolf, Jonas Conrad, Christian Graetz, Birte Größner-Schreiber, Christof Dörfer, Artak Heboyan
PLOS ONE.2023; 18(5): e0285492. CrossRef
Physical-chemical properties and acellular bioactivity of newly prepared nano-tricalcium silicate-58s bioactive glass-based endodontic sealer
Nawal A. Al-Sabawi, Sawsan Hameed Al-Jubori
Journal of Oral Biosciences.2023; 65(4): 305. CrossRef
Biocompatibility analysis in subcutaneous tissue and physico-chemical analysis of pre-mixed calcium silicate–based sealers
Ana Cristina Padilha Janini, Lauter Eston Pelepenko, Juliana Minto Boldieri, Victor Augusto Benedicto dos Santos, Nilvan Alves da Silva, Ivo Milton Raimundo, Brenda P. F. A. Gomes, Marina Angélica Marciano
Clinical Oral Investigations.2023; 27(5): 2221. CrossRef
Canal Drying Protocols to Use with Calcium Silicate–based Sealer: Effect on Bond Strength and Adhesive Interface
Lais Lima Pelozo, Aline Evangelista Souza-Gabriel, Guilherme Nilson Alves dos Santos, Rafael Verardino Camargo, Fabiane Carneiro Lopes-Olhê, Manoel Damião Sousa-Neto, Jardel Francisco Mazzi-Chaves
Journal of Endodontics.2023; 49(9): 1154. CrossRef
Comparison of push‐out bond strength of endodontic sealers after root canal drying with different techniques
Ahmadreza Sarrafan, Ali Soleymani, Tasnim Bagheri Chenari, Seyedali Seyedmajidi
Clinical and Experimental Dental Research.2023; 9(2): 314. CrossRef
Designing Calcium Silicate Cements with On-Demand Properties for Precision Endodontics
A. Cahyanto, P. Rath, T.X. Teo, S.S. Tong, R. Malhotra, B.N. Cavalcanti, L.Z. Lim, K.S. Min, D. Ho, W.F. Lu, V. Rosa
Journal of Dental Research.2023; 102(13): 1425. CrossRef
Outcome of root canal treatment using warm vertical compaction with bioceramic and resin‐based sealers: A randomised clinical trial
Jinghao Hu, Yunjie Zhu, Shuli Deng, Zeji Wang, Fuming He
Australian Endodontic Journal.2023; 49(S1): 170. CrossRef
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Case Report

Observation of an extracted premolar 2.5 years after mineral trioxide aggregate apexification using micro-computed tomography: Gayeon Lee, Chooryung Chung, Sunil Kim, Su-Jung Shin; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(2):e4. Published online November 22, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e4

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Although numerous studies have been conducted on apexification using mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), direct observation of extracted human teeth after the procedure has been rarely reported. This case report describes a mandibular premolar treated 2.5 years ago and extracted recently for orthodontic treatment. The tubercle of the right mandibular premolar of a 12-year-old boy with dens evaginatus was fractured and the pulp was exposed. The tooth was diagnosed with pulp necrosis and asymptomatic periapical abscess. During the first visit, copious irrigation was performed with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite. Calcium hydroxide paste was placed as an intracanal medicament. The sinus tract had disappeared at the second visit after 3 weeks. MTA was applied on to the bleeding point as a 4-mm-thick layer, followed by a 3-mm-thick gutta-percha filling and resin core build-up. After 2.5 years, the tooth and three other premolars were extracted for orthodontic treatment. The right and left mandibular premolars were scanned with micro-computed tomography to determine the root shape and canal anatomy. Irregular root growth was observed and the root outline of the right mandibular premolar differed from that of the contralateral tooth. Apexification with MTA leads to the formation of roots with irregular morphology, without any pulpal space.

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Incorporation of amoxicillin-loaded microspheres in mineral trioxide aggregate cement: an in vitro study
Fábio Rocha Bohns, Vicente Castelo Branco Leitune, Isadora Martini Garcia, Bruna Genari, Nélio Bairros Dornelles, Silvia Stanisçuaski Guterres, Fabrício Aulo Ogliari, Mary Anne Sampaio de Melo, Fabrício Mezzomo Collares
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2020;[Epub] CrossRef

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