Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics

Sample size determination for conducting a pilot study to assess reliability of a questionnaire: Mohamad Adam Bujang, Evi Diana Omar, Diana Hui Ping Foo, Yoon Khee Hon; Restor Dent Endod 2024;49(1):e3. Published online January 10, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e3

This article is a narrative review that discusses the recommended sample size requirements to design a pilot study to assess the reliability of a questionnaire. A list of various sample size tables that are based on the kappa agreement test, intra-class correlation test and Cronbach’s alpha test has been compiled together. For all calculations, type I error (alpha) was set at a maximum value of 0.05, and power was set at a minimum value of 80.0%. For the kappa agreement test, intra-class correlation test, and Cronbach’s alpha test, the recommended minimum sample size requirement based on the ideal effect sizes shall be at least 15, 22, and 24 subjects respectively. By making allowances for a non-response rate of 20.0%, a minimum sample size of 30 respondents will be sufficient to assess the reliability of the questionnaire. The clear guideline of minimum sample size requirement for the pilot study to assess the reliability of a questionnaire is discussed and this will ease researchers in preparation for the pilot study. This study provides justification for a minimum requirement of a sample size of 30 respondents specifically to test the reliability of a questionnaire.

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Effects of surrounding and underlying shades on the color adjustment potential of a single-shade composite used in a thin layer: Mariana Silva Barros, Paula Fernanda Damasceno Silva, Márcia Luciana Carregosa Santana, Rafaella Mariana Fontes Bragança, André Luis Faria-e-Silva; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(1):e7. Published online December 29, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e7

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Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the surrounding and underlying shades’ effect on the color adjustment potential (CAP) of a single-shade composite used in a thin layer.

Materials and Methods

Cylinder specimens (1.0 mm thick) were built with the Vittra APS Unique composite, surrounded (dual specimens) or not (simple specimens) by a control composite (shade A1, A2, or A3). Simple specimens were also built only with the control composites. Each specimen’s color was measured against white and black backgrounds or the simple control specimens with a spectrophotometer (CIELAB system). The whiteness index for dentistry (WI_D) and translucency parameters (TP₀₀) were calculated for simple specimens. Differences (ΔE₀₀) in color between the simple/dual specimens and the controls were calculated. The CAP was calculated based on the ratios between data from simple and dual specimens.

Results

The Vittra APS Unique composite showed higher WI_D and TP₀₀ values than the controls. The highest values of ΔE₀₀ were observed among simple specimens. The color measurements of Vittra APS Unique (simple or dual) against the control specimens presented the lowest color differences. Only surrounding the single-shade composite with a shaded composite barely impacted the ΔE₀₀. The highest CAP values were obtained using a shaded composite under simple or dual specimens.

Conclusions

The CAP of Vittra APS Unique was strongly affected by the underlying shade, while surrounding this composite with a shaded one barely affected its color adjustment.

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Effect of medium or high concentrations of in-office dental bleaching gel on the human pulp response in the mandibular incisors: Douglas Augusto Roderjan, Rodrigo Stanislawczuk, Diana Gabriela Soares, Carlos Alberto de Souza Costa, Michael Willian Favoreto, Alessandra Reis, Alessandro D. Loguercio; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(2):e12. Published online March 8, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e12

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Objectives

The present study evaluated the pulp response of human mandibular incisors subjected to in-office dental bleaching using gels with medium or high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (HP).

Materials and Methods

The following groups were compared: 35% HP (HP35; n = 5) or 20% HP (HP20; n = 4). In the control group (CONT; n = 2), no dental bleaching was performed. The color change (CC) was registered at baseline and after 2 days using the Vita Classical shade guide. Tooth sensitivity (TS) was also recorded for 2 days post-bleaching. The teeth were extracted 2 days after the clinical procedure and subjected to histological analysis. The CC and overall scores for histological evaluation were evaluated by the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. The percentage of patients with TS was evaluated by the Fisher exact test (α = 0.05).

Results

The CC and TS of the HP35 group were significantly higher than those of the CONT group (p < 0.05) and the HP20 group showed an intermediate response, without significant differences from either the HP35 or CONT group (p > 0.05). In both experimental groups, the coronal pulp tissue exhibited partial necrosis associated with tertiary dentin deposition. Overall, the subjacent pulp tissue exhibited a mild inflammatory response.

Conclusions

In-office bleaching therapies using bleaching gels with 20% or 35% HP caused similar pulp damage to the mandibular incisors, characterized by partial necrosis, tertiary dentin deposition, and mild inflammation.

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An elaboration on sample size determination for correlations based on effect sizes and confidence interval width: a guide for researchers: Mohamad Adam Bujang; Restor Dent Endod 2024;49(2):e21. Published online May 2, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e21

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Objectives

This paper aims to serve as a useful guide for sample size determination for various correlation analyses that are based on effect sizes and confidence interval width.

Materials and Methods

Sample size determinations are calculated for Pearson’s correlation, Spearman’s rank correlation, and Kendall’s Tau-b correlation. Examples of sample size statements and their justification are also included.

Results

Using the same effect sizes, there are differences between the sample size determination of the 3 statistical tests. Based on an empirical calculation, a minimum sample size of 149 is usually adequate for performing both parametric and non-parametric correlation analysis to determine at least a moderate to an excellent degree of correlation with acceptable confidence interval width.

Conclusions

Determining data assumption(s) is one of the challenges to offering a valid technique to estimate the required sample size for correlation analyses. Sample size tables are provided and these will help researchers to estimate a minimum sample size requirement based on correlation analyses.

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Investigation of fracture prevalence of instruments used in root canal treatments at a faculty of dentistry: a prospective study: Mehmet Eskibağlar, Merve Yeniçeri Özata, Mevlüt Sinan Ocak, Faruk Öztekin; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(4):e38. Published online November 1, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e38

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Objectives

The aim of this study was to examine the use of hand or rotary files by pre-graduation (fourth- and fifth-year) and postgraduate students in endodontic treatments and to determine the incidence of file fracture and the management of cases with broken instruments.

Materials and Methods

A total of 2,168 teeth undergoing primary endodontic treatment were included in this study. It was determined that 79 of these teeth resulted in broken tools. In the case of broken tools, the education level of the treating clinician, the tooth that was being treated, the canal and fracture level, the curvature of the tooth and the management of the broken instrument were recorded. Periapical radiographs of the patients were used to calculate curvature following the Schneider method.

Results

There was no significant difference in the incidence of broken tools according to education level (p > 0.05). The incidence of file fracture in molar teeth (73.4%) was higher than in other teeth (p < 0.05). More files were broken in the mandibular molar MB canal (20.25%) and in the apical third of the canals (72.1%). The risk of instrument fracture was high in teeth with moderate (44.3%) and severe (38%) curvature canals. The management of apically broken (80%) files mostly involved lefting (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

There was no statistically significant difference between fourth-year students, fifth-year students and postgraduate students in terms of instrument fracture.

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A scientometric, bibliometric, and thematic map analysis of hydraulic calcium silicate root canal sealers: Anastasios Katakidis, Konstantinos Kodonas, Anastasia Fardi, Christos Gogos; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(4):e41. Published online November 13, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e41

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Objectives

This scientometric and bibliometric analysis explored scientific publications related to hydraulic calcium silicate-based (HCSB) sealers used in endodontology, aiming to describe basic bibliometric indicators and analyze current research trends.

Materials and Methods

A comprehensive search was conducted in Web of Science and Scopus using specific HCSB sealer and general endodontic-related terms. Basic research parameters were collected, including publication year, authorship, countries, institutions, journals, level of evidence, study design and topic of interest, title terms, author keywords, citation counts, and density.

Results

In total, 498 articles published in 136 journals were retrieved for the period 2008–2023. Brazil was the leading country, and the universities of Bologna in Italy and Sao Paolo in Brazil were represented equally as leading institutions. The most frequently occurring keywords were “calcium silicate,” “root canal sealer MTA-Fillapex,” and “biocompatibility,” while title terms such as “calcium,” “sealers,” “root,” “canal,” “silicate based,” and “endodontic” occurred most often. According to the thematic map analysis, “solubility” appeared as a basic theme of concentrated research interest, and “single-cone technique” was identified as an emerging, inadequately developed theme. The co-occurrence analysis revealed 4 major clusters centered on sealers’ biological and physicochemical properties, obturation techniques, retreatability, and adhesion.

Conclusions

This analysis presents bibliographic features and outlines changing trends in HCSB sealer research. The research output is dominated by basic science articles scrutinizing the biological and specific physicochemical properties of commonly used HCSB sealers. Future research needs to be guided by studies with a high level of evidence that utilize innovative, sophisticated technologies.

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Impact of combined at-home bleaching and whitening toothpaste use on the surface and color of a composite resin: Carolina Meneghin Barbosa, Renata Siqueira Scatolin, Waldemir Francisco Vieira-Junior, Marcia Hiromi Tanaka, Laura Nobre Ferraz; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(3):e26. Published online July 26, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e26

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Objective

This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effects of different whitening toothpastes on a composite resin during at-home bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide.

Materials and Methods

Sixty samples (7 mm × 2 mm) were used for color and roughness analyses, while another 60 samples (3 mm × 2 mm) were utilized to assess microhardness. The factors analyzed included toothpaste, for which 5 options with varying active agents were tested (distilled water; conventional toothpaste; whitening toothpaste with abrasive agents; whitening toothpaste with abrasive and chemical agents; and whitening toothpaste with abrasive, chemical, and bleaching agents). Brushing and application of whitening gel were performed for 14 days. Surface microhardness (SMH), surface roughness (Ra), and color (∆L*, ∆a*, ∆b, ∆E*_ab, and ∆E₀₀) were analyzed. The Ra and SMH data were analyzed using mixed generalized linear models for repeated measures, while the color results were assessed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests.

Results

Between the initial and final time points, all groups demonstrated significant increases in Ra and reductions in SMH. No significant differences were found between groups for SMH at the final time point, at which all groups differed from the distilled water group. Conventional toothpaste exhibited the lowest Ra, while whitening toothpaste with abrasive agent had the highest value. No significant differences were observed in ∆L*, ∆a*, and ∆b.

Conclusions

While toothpaste composition did not affect the color stability and microhardness of resin composite, combining toothbrushing with whitening toothpaste and at-home bleaching enhanced the change in Ra.

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At‐Home and In‐Office Bleaching Protocols on the Color Match of Restorations Made With Single‐Shade Composites
Luciana Vasconcelos Ramos, Dayana Fernandes Rocha Aparicio, André Luis Faria‐e‐Silva, Maíra do Prado, Andréa Vaz Braga Pintor, Marcela Baraúna Magno
Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Surface properties and susceptibility to staining of a resin composite after brushing with different whitening toothpastes
Aline da Silva Barros, Carolina Meneghin Barbosa, Renata Siqueira Scatolin, Waldemir Francisco Vieira Junior, Laura Nobre Ferraz
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2025; 50(1): e6. CrossRef
Effect of bleaching and repolishing on whiteness change and staining susceptibility of resin-based materials
Sultan Aktuğ Karademir, Samet Atasoy, Beyza Yılmaz
BMC Oral Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Influence of using different toothpaste during bleaching with violet LED light (405 nm) on the colour and roughness of dental enamel: an in vitro study
Franco Sousa Leticia, Mazzalli Redondo Victor, Ferraz Nobre Laura, Vitti Pino Rafael, Renata Siqueira Scatolin
Lasers in Medical Science.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of coffee staining and simulated oral hygiene methods on the color and translucency of a nanoceramic resin
Luiz Felipe Schneider, Bruna Mueller, Rubens Nisie Tango, Claudia Angela Maziero Volpato
Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.2024; 36(7): 1020. CrossRef

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Cone-beam computed tomography in endodontics: from the specific technical considerations of acquisition parameters and interpretation to advanced clinical applications: Néstor Ríos-Osorio, Sara Quijano-Guauque, Sandra Briñez-Rodríguez, Gustavo Velasco-Flechas, Antonieta Muñoz-Solís, Carlos Chávez, Rafael Fernandez-Grisales; Restor Dent Endod 2024;49(1):e1. Published online December 11, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e1

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The implementation of imaging methods that enable sensitive and specific observation of anatomical structures has been a constant in the evolution of endodontic therapy. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) enables 3-dimensional (3D) spatial anatomical navigation in the 3 volumetric planes (sagittal, coronal and axial) which translates into great accuracy for the identification of endodontic pathologies/conditions. CBCT interpretation consists of 2 main components: (i) the generation of specific tasks of the image and (ii) the subsequent interpretation report. A systematic and reproducible method to review CBCT scans can improve the accuracy of the interpretation process, translating into greater precision in terms of diagnosis and planning of endodontic clinical procedures. MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, Google Scholar, Embase and Scopus were searched from inception to March 2023. This narrative review addresses the theoretical concepts, elements of interpretation and applications of the CBCT scan in endodontics. In addition, the contents and rationale for reporting 3D endodontic imaging are discussed.

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Evaluation of Maxillary Sinus Pathologies in Children and Adolescents with Cleft Lip and Palate Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography: A Retrospective Study
Ayşe Çelik, Nilüfer Ersan, Senem Selvi-Kuvvetli
The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Bildgebung im ZMK-Bereich – aber in welcher Reihenfolge?
Rainer Lutz
Zahnmedizin up2date.2024; 18(04): 297. CrossRef
Cone-beam computed tomography evaluation of shaping ability of kedo-S square and fanta AF™ baby rotary files compared to manual K-files in root canal preparation of primary anterior teeth
Shaimaa S. El-Desouky, Bassem N. El Fahl, Ibrahim A. Kabbash, Shimaa M. Hadwa
Clinical Oral Investigations.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Analysis of Endodontic Successes and Failures in the Removal of Fractured Endodontic Instruments during Retreatment: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Trial Sequential Analysis
Mario Dioguardi, Corrado Dello Russo, Filippo Scarano, Fariba Esperouz, Andrea Ballini, Diego Sovereto, Mario Alovisi, Angelo Martella, Lorenzo Lo Muzio
Healthcare.2024; 12(14): 1390. CrossRef

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Evaluation of at-home bleaching protocol with application on different surfaces: bleaching efficacy and hydrogen peroxide permeability: Heloisa Forville, Michael Willian Favoreto, Michel Wendlinger, Roberta Micheten Dias, Christiane Philippini Ferreira Borges, Alessandra Reis, Alessandro D. Loguercio; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(4):e33. Published online October 6, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e33

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Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the bleaching efficacy and hydrogen peroxide permeability in the pulp chamber by the at-home bleaching gel in protocols applied on different dental surfaces.

Materials and Methods

Forty premolars were randomly into 4 groups: control group no bleaching, only application on the buccal surface (OB), only application on the lingual surface (OL) and application in buccal and lingual surfaces, simultaneously (BL). At-home bleaching gel (White Class 7.5%) was used for the procedure. The bleaching efficacy was evaluated with a digital spectrophotometer (color change in CIELAB [ΔE _ab] and CIEDE 2000 [ΔE ₀₀] systems and Whitening Index for Dentistry [ΔWI_D]). The hydrogen peroxide permeability in the pulp chamber (µg/mL) was assessed using UV-Vis spectrophotometry and data were analyzed for a 1-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).

Results

All groups submitted to bleaching procedure showed bleaching efficacy when measured with ΔE _ab and ΔE ₀₀ (p > 0.05). Therefore, when analyzed by ΔWI_D, a higher bleaching efficacy were observed for the application on the groups OB and BL (p = 0.00003). Similar hydrogen peroxide permeability was found in the pulp chambers of the teeth undergoing different protocols (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

The application of bleaching gel exclusively on the OB is sufficient to achieve bleaching efficacy, when compared to BL. Although the OL protocol demonstrated lower bleaching efficacy based on the ΔWI_D values, it may still be of interest and relevant in certain clinical scenarios based on individual needs, requiring clinical trials to better understand its specificities.

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Effect of whitening pens on hydrogen peroxide permeability in the pulp chamber, color change and surface morphology
Laryssa Mylenna Madruga Barbosa, Gabrielle Gomes Centenaro, Deisy Cristina Ferreira Cordeiro, Maria Alice de Matos Rodrigues, Letícia Condolo, Michael Willian Favoreto, Alessandra Reis, Alessandro D. Loguercio
Journal of Dentistry.2025; 154: 105595. CrossRef
Efficacy of a buccal and lingual at‐home bleaching protocol—A randomized, split‐mouth, single‐blind controlled trial
Heloisa Forville, Laís Giacomini Bernardi, Michael Willian Favoreto, Felipe Coppla, Taynara de Souza Carneiro, Fabiana Madalozzo Coppla, Alessandro D. Loguercio, Alessandra Reis
Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.2024; 36(9): 1301. CrossRef
REANATOMIZAÇÃO DE DENTE CONOIDE ASSOCIADA A ESTÉTICA VERMELHA: RELATO DE CASO
Ana Karolayne Sousa de Morais, Daniele Fernanda Sousa Barros, Daniel Messias Limeira, Rhana Leticia de Oliveira Faria, Roberta Furtado Carvalho, Sandna Nolêto de Araújo, Laura Barbosa Santos Di Milhomem
Revista Contemporânea.2024; 4(10): e6299. CrossRef
Effect of the reduction in the exposure time to at-home bleaching gel on color change and tooth sensitivity: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Priscila Borges Gobbo de Melo, Letícia Vasconcelos Silva Souza, Lucianne Cople Maia, Guido Artemio Marañón-Vásquez, Matheus Kury, Vanessa Cavalli
Clinical Oral Investigations.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Push-out bond strength and intratubular biomineralization of a hydraulic root-end filling material premixed with dimethyl sulfoxide as a vehicle: Ju-Ha Park, Hee-Jin Kim, Kwang-Won Lee, Mi-Kyung Yu, Kyung-San Min; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(1):e8. Published online January 20, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e8

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Objectives

This study was designed to evaluate the parameters of bonding performance to root dentin, including push-out bond strength and dentinal tubular biomineralization, of a hydraulic bioceramic root-end filling material premixed with dimethyl sulfoxide (Endocem MTA Premixed) in comparison to a conventional powder-liquid–type cement (ProRoot MTA).

Materials and Methods

The root canal of a single-rooted premolar was filled with either ProRoot MTA or Endocem MTA Premixed (n = 15). A slice of dentin was obtained from each root. Using the sliced specimen, the push-out bond strength was measured, and the failure pattern was observed under a stereomicroscope. The apical segment was divided into halves; the split surface was observed under a scanning electron microscope, and intratubular biomineralization was examined by observing the precipitates formed in the dentinal tubule. Then, the chemical characteristics of the precipitates were evaluated with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (EDS) analysis. The data were analyzed using the Student’s t-test followed by the Mann-Whitney U test (p < 0.05).

Results

No significant difference was found between the 2 tested groups in push-out bond strength, and cohesive failure was the predominant failure type. In both groups, flake-shaped precipitates were observed along dentinal tubules. The EDS analysis indicated that the mass percentage of calcium and phosphorus in the precipitate was similar to that found in hydroxyapatite.

Conclusions

Regarding bonding to root dentin, Endocem MTA Premixed may have potential for use as an acceptable root-end filling material.

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Effectiveness of Sectioning Method and Filling Materials on Roughness and Cell Attachments in Root Resection Procedure
Tarek Ashi, Naji Kharouf, Olivier Etienne, Bérangère Cournault, Pierre Klienkoff, Varvara Gribova, Youssef Haikel
European Journal of Dentistry.2025; 19(01): 240. CrossRef
Evaluation of the root dentin bond strength and intratubular biomineralization of a premixed calcium aluminate-based hydraulic bioceramic endodontic sealer
Yu-Na Lee, Min-Kyeong Kim, Hee-Jin Kim, Mi-Kyung Yu, Kwang-Won Lee, Kyung-San Min
Journal of Oral Science.2024; 66(2): 96. CrossRef
Removal efficiency of a fast setting pozzalan-based bioactive cement: a micro CT study
Feyza Çetinkaya, Ahter Şanal Çıkman, Ali Keleş, Banu Arıcıoğlu
BMC Oral Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Antibacterial Activity and Sustained Effectiveness of Calcium Silicate-Based Cement as a Root-End Filling Material against Enterococcus faecalis
Seong-Hee Moon, Seong-Jin Shin, Seunghan Oh, Ji-Myung Bae
Materials.2023; 16(18): 6124. CrossRef

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Micro-CT evaluation of the removal of root fillings using rotary and reciprocating systems supplemented by XP-Endo Finisher, the Self-Adjusting File, or Er,Cr:YSGG laser: Gülsen Kiraz, Bulem Üreyen Kaya, Mert Ocak, Muhammet Bora Uzuner, Hakan Hamdi Çelik; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(4):e36. Published online October 23, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e36

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Objectives

This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of a single-file reciprocating system (WaveOne Gold, WOG) and a multi-file rotary system (ProTaper Universal Retreatment, PTUR) in removing canal filling from severely curved canals and to evaluate the possible adjunctive effects of XP-Endo Finisher (XPF), the Self-Adjusting File (SAF), and an erbium, chromium: yttrium, scandium, gallium garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser using micro-computed tomography (μCT).

Materials and Methods

Sixty-six curved mandibular molars were divided into 2 groups based on the retreatment technique and then into 3 based on the supplementary method. The residual filling volumes and root canals were evaluated with μCT before and after retreatment, and after the supplementary steps. The data were statistically analyzed with the t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, analysis of covariance, and factorial analysis of variance (p < 0.05).

Results

PTUR and WOG showed no significant difference in removing filling materials (p > 0.05). The supplementary techniques were significantly more effective than reciprocating or rotary systems only (p < 0.01). The supplementary steps showed no significant differences in canal filling removal effectiveness (p > 0.05), but XPF showed less dentin reduction than the SAF and Er,Cr:YSGG laser (p < 0.01).

Conclusions

The supplementary methods significantly decreased the volume of residual filling materials. XPF caused minimal changes in root canal volume and might be preferred for retreatment in curved root canals. Supplementary approaches after retreatment procedures may improve root canal cleanliness.

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Trends in dentomaxillofacial radiology
Kıvanç Kamburoğlu
World Journal of Radiology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Characteristics and Effectiveness of XP‐Endo Files and Systems: A Narrative Review
Sarah M. Alkahtany, Rana Alfadhel, Aseel AlOmair, Sarah Bin Durayhim, Kee Y. Kum
International Journal of Dentistry.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of the filling technique on the filling removal from oval-shaped canals
Lislaine Valerio, Lisa Yurie Oda, Felipe Andretta Copelli, Clarissa Teles Rodrigues, Everdan Carneiro, Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte, Bruno Cavalini Cavenago
Clinical Oral Investigations.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Contemporary research trends on nanoparticles in endodontics: a bibliometric and scientometric analysis of the top 100 most-cited articles: Sıla Nur Usta, Zeliha Uğur-Aydın, Kadriye Demirkaya, Cumhur Aydın; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(3):e27. Published online July 26, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e27

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Objectives

Advancements in nanotechnology have led to the widespread usage of nanoparticles in the endodontic field. This bibliometric study aimed to determine and analyze the top 100 most-cited articles about nanoparticles in endodontics from 2000 to 2022.

Materials and Methods

A detailed electronic search was conducted on the “Clarivate Analytics Web of Science, All Databases” to receive the most-cited articles related to the topic. Articles were ranked in descending order based on their citation counts, and the first 100 were selected for bibliometric analysis. Parameters such as citation density, publication year, journal, country, institution, author, study design, study field, evidence level, and keywords were analyzed.

Results

The top 100 most-cited articles received 4,698 citations (16–271) with 970.21 (1.91–181) citation density in total. Among decades, citations were significantly higher in 2011–2022 (p < 0.001). Journal of Endodontics had the largest number of publications. Canada and the University of Toronto made the highest contribution as country and institution, respectively. Anil Kishen was the 1 who participated in the largest number of articles. The majority of the articles were designed in vitro. The main study field was “antibacterial effect.” Among keywords, “nanoparticles” followed by “Enterococcus faecalis” were used more frequently.

Conclusions

Developments in nanotechnology had an impact on the increasing number of studies in recent years. This bibliometric study provides a comprehensive view of nanoparticle advances and trends using citation analysis.

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Research trends and mapping knowledge for maxillary sinus augmentation in oral and maxillofacial surgery
Özlem Saraç Atagün, Şeyma Çardakcı Bahar, Seval Ceylan Şen, Gülbahar Ustaoğlu
Journal of Stomatology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.2025; 126(4): 102116. CrossRef
Exploring vital pulp Therapies: A bibliometric analysis of the most cited articles
Gustavo Henrique Sousa, Rodolfo Lima Gonçalves, Barbara Figueiredo, Vilton Cardozo Moreira Dias, Ana Carolina Soares Mendes, Valéria de Cássia Bueno Melo, Adriana Guimarães Rodrigues, Hebertt Gonzaga dos Santos Chaves
The Saudi Dental Journal.2024; 36(5): 778. CrossRef
The cutting-edge roles of lasers in endodontics: A bibliometric and scientometric analysis of the 100 most-cited articles
Sıla Nur Usta, Pablo Betancourt, Alper Ceylan, Cangül Keskin
Lasers in Medical Science.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Stem cell-derived exosomes for dentin-pulp complex regeneration: a mini-review: Dina A. Hammouda, Alaa M Mansour, Mahmoud A. Saeed, Ahmed R. Zaher, Mohammed E. Grawish; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(2):e20. Published online May 3, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e20

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This mini-review was conducted to present an overview of the use of exosomes in regenerating the dentin-pulp complex (DPC). The PubMed and Scopus databases were searched for relevant articles published between January 1, 2013 and January 1, 2023. The findings of basic in vitro studies indicated that exosomes enhance the proliferation and migration of mesenchymal cells, as human dental pulp stem cells, via mitogen-activated protein kinases and Wingless-Int signaling pathways. In addition, they possess proangiogenic potential and contribute to neovascularization and capillary tube formation by promoting endothelial cell proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Likewise, they regulate the migration and differentiation of Schwann cells, facilitate the conversion of M1 pro-inflammatory macrophages to M2 anti-inflammatory phenotypes, and mediate immune suppression as they promote regulatory T cell conversion. Basic in vivo studies have indicated that exosomes triggered the regeneration of dentin-pulp–like tissue, and exosomes isolated under odontogenic circumstances are particularly strong inducers of tissue regeneration and stem cell differentiation. Exosomes are a promising regenerative tool for DPC in cases of small pulp exposure or for whole-pulp tissue regeneration.

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Cell Homing Strategies in Regenerative Endodontic Therapy
David Kim, Sahng G. Kim
Cells.2025; 14(3): 201. CrossRef
Exosomes as Promising Therapeutic Tools for Regenerative Endodontic Therapy
Qingyue Kong, Yujie Wang, Nan Jiang, Yifan Wang, Rui Wang, Xiaohan Hu, Jing Mao, Xin Shi
Biomolecules.2024; 14(3): 330. CrossRef
Role and Molecular Mechanism of miR-586 in the Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells into Odontoblast-like Cells
Gang Pan, Qianwen Zhou, Chenhua Pan, Yingxue Zhang
Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics.2024; 83(1): 507. CrossRef

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Buckling resistance, torque, and force generation during retreatment with D-RaCe, HyFlex Remover, and Mtwo retreatment files: Yoojin Kim, Seok Woo Chang, Soram Oh; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(1):e10. Published online February 6, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e10

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Objectives

This study compared the buckling resistance of 3 nickel-titanium (NiTi) retreatment file systems and the torque/force generated during retreatment.

Materials and Methods

The buckling resistance was compared among the D-RaCe (DR2), HyFlex Remover, and Mtwo R25/05 retreatment systems. J-shaped canals within resin blocks were prepared with ProTaper NEXT X3 and obturated by the single-cone technique with AH Plus. After 4 weeks, 4 mm of gutta-percha in the coronal aspect was removed with Gates-Glidden drills. Retreatment was then performed using DR1 (size 30, 10% taper) followed by DR2 (size 25, 4% taper), HyFlex Remover (size 30, 7% taper), or Mtrwo R25/05 (size 25, 5% taper) (15 specimens in each group). Further apical preparation was performed with WaveOne Gold Primary. The clockwise torque and upward force generated during retreatment were recorded. After retreatment, resin blocks were examined using stereomicroscopy, and the percentage of residual filling material in the canal area was calculated. Data were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance with the Tukey test.

Results

The HyFlex Remover files exhibited the greatest buckling resistance (p < 0.05), followed by the Mtwo R25/05. The HyFlex Remover and Mtwo R25/05 files generated the highest maximum clockwise torque and upward force, respectively (p < 0.05). The DR1 and DR2 files generated the least upward force and torque (p < 0.05). The percentage of residual filling material after retreatment was not significantly different between file systems (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

NiTi retreatment instruments with higher buckling resistance generated greater clockwise torque and upward force.

Citations

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Cone-beam computed tomographic evaluation and fracture resistance of endodontically retreated teeth using hyflex remover, Mtwo, and ProTaper retreatment file systems: An in vitro study
Isha Singh, Dakshita Joy Sinha, Pallavi Sharma, Kunal Bedi, Priyanka Rani, Swapnil Vats
Saudi Endodontic Journal.2024; 14(1): 56. CrossRef
Comparison of torsional, bending, and buckling resistances of different nickel-titanium glide path files
Feyyaz Çeliker, İrem Çetinkaya
Matéria (Rio de Janeiro).2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Assessing the impact of obturation techniques, kinematics and irrigation protocols on apical debris extrusion and time required in endodontic retreatment
Eugenio Pedullà, Francesco Iacono, Martina Pitrolo, Giovanni Barbagallo, Giusy Rita Maria La Rosa, Chiara Pirani
Australian Endodontic Journal.2023; 49(3): 623. CrossRef

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Effect of endodontic sealer on postoperative pain: a network meta-analysis: Cynthia Maria Chaves Monteiro, Ana Cristina Rodrigues Martins, Alessandra Reis, Juliana Larocca de Geus; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(1):e5. Published online December 29, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e5

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This systematic review and network meta-analysis aimed to answer the following focused research question: “Does the type of endodontic sealer affect the postoperative pain in patients who received endodontic treatment?” Different databases and grey literature were surveyed. Only one randomized controlled trial were included. The risk of bias in the studies was evaluated by using the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to compare the risk and intensity of postoperative pain. The quality of the body of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. Out of 11,601 studies, 15 remained for qualitative analyses and 12 for meta-analysis. Seven studies were classified at high risk of bias, and 8 studies raised some concerns. No significant differences between the endodontic materials were observed in the direct comparisons, both in risk and in intensity of postoperative pain (pairwise comparisons with 2 studies: I² = 0%; p > 0.05 and 8 studies: I² = 23%; p > 0.05, respectively). The certainty of the evidence was graded as low or moderate. There was no difference in the risk and intensity of postoperative pain after filling with different endodontic sealers. Further systematic reviews should be conducted.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO Identifier: CRD42020215314

Citations

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Comparative evaluation of postoperative pain and periapical healing after root canal treatment using three different endodontic sealers: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Ruchika Pandey, Nitin Kararia, Deepak Kumar Sharma, Vishal Rathod, Anand Vilas Bansod, Dhaval Desai
Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.2024; 27(9): 962. CrossRef
Effect of bioceramic-based and resin-based sealers on postoperative discomfort following root canal therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Mansi Supare, Ajinkya M. Pawar, Kashmira Sawant, Dian Agustin Wahjuningrum, Suraj Arora, Firas Elmsmari, Mohmed Isaqali Karobari, Bhagyashree Thakur
PeerJ.2024; 12: e18198. CrossRef
Comparative Evaluation of Incidences of Post Operative Pain in Patient Treated in Single Visit Root Canal Treatment by Using Different Sealers: - An in-Vivo Study
Sadashiv Daokar, Aishwarya Ranjalkar, Kalpana Pawar, Komal Potfode, Dhanashri Padwal, Sana Khan
International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology (IJISRT).2024; : 2743. CrossRef

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Comparative analysis of torsional and cyclic fatigue resistance of ProGlider, WaveOne Gold Glider, and TruNatomy Glider in simulated curved canal: Pedro de Souza Dias, Augusto Shoji Kato, Carlos Eduardo da Silveira Bueno, Rodrigo Ricci Vivan, Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte, Pedro Henrique Souza Calefi, Rina Andréa Pelegrine; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(1):e4. Published online December 8, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e4

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Objectives

This study aimed to compare the torsional and cyclic fatigue resistance of ProGlider (PG), WaveOne Gold Glider (WGG), and TruNatomy Glider (TNG).

Materials and Methods

A total of 15 instruments of each glide path system (n = 15) were used for each test. A custom-made device simulating an angle of 90° and a radius of 5 millimeters was used to assess cyclic fatigue resistance, with calculation of number of cycles to failure. Torsional fatigue resistance was assessed by maximum torque and angle of rotation. Fractured instruments were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were analyzed with Shapiro-Wilk and Kruskal-Wallis tests, and the significance level was set at 5%.

Results

The WGG group showed greater cyclic fatigue resistance than the PG and TNG groups (p < 0.05). In the torsional fatigue test, the TNG group showed a higher angle of rotation, followed by the PG and WGG groups (p < 0.05). The TNG group was superior to the PG group in torsional resistance (p < 0.05). SEM analysis revealed ductile morphology, typical of the 2 fracture modes: cyclic fatigue and torsional fatigue.

Conclusions

Reciprocating WGG instruments showed greater cyclic fatigue resistance, while TNG instruments were better in torsional fatigue resistance. The significance of these findings lies in the identification of the instruments’ clinical applicability to guide the choice of the most appropriate instrument and enable the clinician to provide a more predictable glide path preparation.

Citations

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Comparative evaluation of the remaining dentin volume following instrumentation with rotary, reciprocating, and hand files during root canal treatment in primary molars: An ex vivo study
İrem Eren, Berkant Sezer
Journal of Dental Sciences.2024; 19(4): 2126. CrossRef
Screw-in force, torque generation, and performance of glide-path files with three rotation kinetics
Jee-Yeon Woo, Ji-Hyun Jang, Seok Woo Chang, Soram Oh
Odontology.2024; 112(3): 761. CrossRef
Evaluation of shaping ability of different glide path instruments: a micro-computed tomography study
Merve Yeniçeri Özata, Seda Falakaloğlu, Ali Keleş, Özkan Adıgüzel, Mustafa Gündoğar
BMC Oral Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

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Dentinal tubule penetration of sodium hypochlorite in root canals with and without mechanical preparation and different irrigant activation methods: Renata Aqel de Oliveira, Theodoro Weissheimer, Gabriel Barcelos Só, Ricardo Abreu da Rosa, Matheus Albino Souza, Rodrigo Gonçalves Ribeiro, Marcus Vinicius Reis Só; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(1):e1. Published online December 1, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e1

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Objectives

This study evaluated the dentinal penetration depth of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in root canals with and without preparation and different irrigant activation protocols.

Materials and Methods

Sixty-three bovine mandibular incisors were randomly allocated to 6 groups (n = 10): G1, preparation + conventional needle irrigation (CNI); G2, preparation + passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI); G3, preparation + Odous Clean (OC); G4, no preparation + CNI; G5, no preparation + PUI; G6, no preparation + OC; and CG (negative control; n = 3). Samples were filled with crystal violet for 72 hours. Irrigant activation was performed. Samples were sectioned perpendicularly along the long axis, 3 mm and 7 mm from the apex. Images of the root thirds of each block were captured with a stereomicroscope and analyzed with an image analysis software. One-way analysis of variance, followed by the Tukey post hoc test, and the Student’s t-test were used for data analysis, with a significance level of 5%.

Results

The NaOCl penetration depth was similar when preparation was performed, regardless of the method of irrigation activation (p > 0.05). In the groups without preparation, G6 showed greater NaOCl penetration depth (p < 0.05). The groups without preparation had a greater NaOCl penetration depth than those with preparation (p = 0.0019).

Conclusions

The NaOCl penetration depth was similar in groups with root canal preparation. Without root canal preparation, OC allowed deeper NaOCl penetration. The groups without preparation had greater NaOCl penetration than those undergoing root canal preparation.

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Impact of different activation procedures on sodium hypochlorite penetration into dentinal tubules after endodontic retreatment via confocal laser scanning microscopy
Betul Gunes, Kübra Yeşildal Yeter, Yasin Altay
BMC Oral Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Debridement ability of the WaveOne Gold and TruNatomy systems in the apical third of root canals: ex vivo assessment
Sara Carvalho Avelar de Oliveira, Carlos Eduardo da Silveira Bueno, Rina Andréa Pelegrine, Carlos Eduardo Fontana, Alexandre Sigrist de Martin, Carolina Pessoa Stringheta
Brazilian Dental Journal.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Combined effect of electrical energy and graphene oxide on Enterococcus faecalis biofilms
Myung-Jin LEE, Mi-Ah KIM, Kyung-San MIN
Dental Materials Journal.2023; 42(6): 844. CrossRef

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Pomegranate extract on eroded dentin: antioxidant action, bond strength and morphology of the adhesive interface after aging: Thiago Vinícius Cortez, Nathália Mancioppi Cerqueira, Julia Adornes Gallas, Wanderley Pereira Oliveira, Silmara Aparecida Milori Corona, Aline Evangelista Souza-Gabriel; Restor Dent Endod 2024;49(1):e9. Published online January 26, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e9

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Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of pomegranate solution (Punica granatum) on eroded dentin through antioxidant action, shear bond strength (SBS) and interface morphology.

Materials and Methods

The 10% pomegranate peel extract was prepared by the lyophilization method. Punicalagin polyphenol was confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by capturing the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. For the SBS, 48 dentin fragments were divided into sound or eroded, and subdivided according to the pretreatment (n = 12): water or P. granatum. The surfaces were restored with self-etch adhesive and a bulk-fill resin (Ecosite; DMG). The SBS was done immediately (24 hours) and after thermal cycling + water storage (12 months). For scanning electron microscopy, 48 dentin fragments (24 sound and 24 eroded) received the same treatments as for SBS (n = 6), and they were analyzed after 24 hours and 12 months.

Results

The P. granatum had antioxidant action similar (p = 0.246) to the phenolic standard antioxidants. After 24 hours, eroded dentin had lower SBS than sound dentin (p < 0.001), regardless of the pretreatment. After 12 months, P. granatum maintained the SBS of sound dentin (13.46 ± 3.42 MPa) and eroded dentin (10.96 ± 1.90 MPa) statistically similar. The lowest values were found on eroded dentin treated with water (5.75 ± 1.65 MPa) (p < 0.001). P. granatum on eroded dentin caused peritubular demineralization and hybrid layer with resin tags.

Conclusions

The pomegranate extract had antioxidant action and preserved the adhesive interface of the eroded dentin.

Citations

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Effect of pomegranate solution alone or combined with chlorhexidine against oral multispecies biofilm
J. A. Gallas, L. L. Pelozo, S. A. M. Corona, Y. Shen, M. Haapasalo, M. D. Sousa‐Neto, A. E. Souza‐Gabriel
International Endodontic Journal.2024; 57(12): 1819. CrossRef
The effect of resveratrol application on the micro-shear bond strength of adhesive to bleached enamel
Esra Cengiz-Yanardag, Izgen Karakaya
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Prevalence of salivary microbial load and lactic acid presence in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals with different dental caries stages: Monika Mohanty, Shashirekha Govind, Shakti Rath; Restor Dent Endod 2024;49(1):e4. Published online January 12, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e4

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Objectives

This study aims to correlate caries-causing microorganism load, lactic acid estimation, and blood groups to high caries risk in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals and low caries risk in healthy individuals.

Materials and Methods

This study includes 30 participants divided into 3 groups: Group A, High-risk caries diabetic individuals; Group B, High-risk caries non-diabetic individuals; and Group C, Low-risk caries individuals. The medical condition, oral hygiene, and caries risk assessment (American Dental Association classification and International Caries Detection and Assessment System scoring) were documented. Each individual’s 3 mL of saliva was analyzed for microbial load and lactic acid as follows: Part I: 2 mL for microbial quantity estimation using nutrient agar and blood agar medium, biochemical investigation, and carbohydrate fermentation tests; Part II: 0.5 mL for lactic acid estimation using spectrophotometric analysis. Among the selected individuals, blood group correlation was assessed. The χ² test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and post hoc analysis were done using Dunn’s test (p < 0.05).

Results

Group A had the highest microbial load and lactic acid concentration, followed by Groups B and C. The predominant bacteria were Lactobacilli (63.00 ± 15.49) and Streptococcus mutans (76.00 ± 13.90) in saliva. Blood Group B is prevalent in diabetic and non-diabetic high-risk caries patients but statistically insignificant.

Conclusions

Diabetic individuals are more susceptible to dental caries due to high microbial loads and increased lactic acid production. These factors also lower the executing tendency of neutrophils, which accelerates microbial accumulation and increases the risk of caries in diabetic individuals.

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Exploring the photosensitizing potential of Nanoliposome Loaded Improved Toluidine Blue O (NLITBO) Against Streptococcus mutans: An in-vitro feasibility study
Swagatika Panda, Lipsa Rout, Neeta Mohanty, Anurag Satpathy, Bhabani Sankar Satapathy, Shakti Rath, Divya Gopinath, Geelsu Hwang
PLOS ONE.2024; 19(10): e0312521. CrossRef
Altered salivary microbiota associated with high-sugar beverage consumption
Xiaozhou Fan, Kelsey R. Monson, Brandilyn A. Peters, Jennifer M. Whittington, Caroline Y. Um, Paul E. Oberstein, Marjorie L. McCullough, Neal D. Freedman, Wen-Yi Huang, Jiyoung Ahn, Richard B. Hayes
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Disinfectant effectiveness of chlorhexidine gel compared to sodium hypochlorite: a systematic review with meta-analysis: Theodoro Weissheimer, Karem Paula Pinto, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da Silva, Lina Naomi Hashizume, Ricardo Abreu da Rosa, Marcus Vinicius Reis Só; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(4):e37. Published online October 26, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e37

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This study aimed to compare the disinfectant ability of chlorhexidine (CHX) gel and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). Systematic searches were conducted from inception until December 8th, 2022 (MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and Grey Literature databases). Only randomized clinical trials were included. The revised Cochrane risk of bias tools for randomized trials were used to assess the quality of studies. Meta-analyses were performed. The overall quality of evidence was assessed through the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation tool. Six studies were included. Five had a low risk of bias and 1 had some concerns. Three studies assessed bacterial reduction. Two were included in the meta-analysis for bacterial reduction (mean difference, 75.03 [confidence interval, CI, −271.15, 421.22], p = 0.67; I² = 74%); and 3 in the meta-analysis for cultivable bacteria after chemomechanical preparation (odds ratio, 1.03 [CI, 0.20, 5.31], P = 0.98; I² = 49%). Five studies assessed endotoxin reduction. Three were included in a meta-analysis (mean difference, 20.59 [CI, −36.41, 77.59], p = 0.48; I² = 74%). There seems to be no difference in the disinfectant ability of CHX gel and NaOCl, but further research is necessary.

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Preparing porcine lens to mimic human lens capsule
Yajing Pei, Shaofeng Han, Mingfeng Lu, Yang Yang, Ke Ma
Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery.2024; 50(9): 963. CrossRef
Comparative Evaluation of Disinfection Protocols for Dental Impressions in Prosthodontics
Subhash Sonkesriya, Ghanshyam Gaur, Akanksha Maheshwari, Arun Kumar Ashahiya, Simran Kaur Aulakh, Amit Kumar, Bhumika Kamal Badiyani
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Effect of dentin roughening and type of composite material on the restoration of non-carious cervical lesions: an in vivo study with 18 months of follow-up: Sanjana Verma, Rakesh Singla, Gurdeep Singh Gill, Namita Jain; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(4):e35. Published online October 17, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e35

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Objectives

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of dentin roughening and the type of composite resin used (either bulk-fill flowable or nanohybrid) on the restoration of non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) with an 18-month follow-up period.

Materials and Methods

This prospective split-mouth study included 36 patients, each with a minimum of 4 NCCLs. For each patient, 4 types of restorations were performed: unroughened dentin with nanohybrid composite, unroughened dentin with bulk-fill flowable composite, roughened dentin with nanohybrid composite, and roughened dentin with bulk-fill flowable composite. A universal bonding agent (Tetric N Bond Universal) was applied in self-etch mode for all groups. The restorations were subsequently evaluated at 6, 12, and 18 months in accordance with the criteria set by the FDI World Dental Federation. Inferential statistics were computed using the Friedman test, with the level of statistical significance established at 0.05.

Results

The 4 groups exhibited no significant differences in relation to fracture and retention, marginal staining, marginal adaptation, postoperative hypersensitivity, or the recurrence of caries at any follow-up point.

Conclusions

Within the limitations of the present study, over an 18-month follow-up period, no significant difference was present in the clinical performance of bulk-fill flowable and nanohybrid composite restorations of non-carious cervical lesions. This held true regardless of whether dentin roughening was performed.

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Clinical performance of preheating thermoviscous composite resin for non-carious cervical lesions restoration: A 24-month randomized clinical trial
Michael Willian Favoreto, Taynara de Souza Carneiro, Romina Ñaupari-Villasante, Deisy Cristina Cordeiro, Gabriel David Cochinski, Thais Vilalba Paniagua Machado do Nascimento, Thalita de Paris Matos, Matheus Coelho Bandeca, Alessandra Reis, Alessandro D.
Journal of Dentistry.2024; 144: 104930. CrossRef
Die Zahnhalsfüllung
Roland Frankenberger
Der Freie Zahnarzt.2024; 68(7-8): 70. CrossRef

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Does minimally invasive canal preparation provide higher fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth? A systematic review of in vitro studies: Sıla Nur Usta, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva, Seda Falakaloğlu, Mustafa Gündoğar; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(4):e34. Published online October 17, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e34

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This systematic review aimed to investigate whether minimally invasive root canal preparation ensures higher fracture resistance compared to conventional root canal preparation in endodontically treated teeth (ETT). A comprehensive search strategy was conducted on the “PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus” databases, alongside reference and hand searches, with language restrictions applied. Two independent reviews selected pertinent laboratory studies that explored the effect of minimally invasive root canal preparation on fracture resistance, in comparison to larger preparation counterparts. The quality of the studies was assessed, and the risk of bias was categorized as low, moderate, or high. The electronic search yielded a total of 1,767 articles. After applying eligibility criteria, 8 studies were included. Given the low methodological quality of these studies and the large variability of fracture resistance values, the impact of reduced apical size and/or taper on the fracture resistance of the ETT can be considered uncertain. This systematic review could not reveal sufficient evidence regarding the effect of minimally invasive preparation on increasing fracture resistance of ETT, primarily due to the inherent limitations of the studies and the moderate risk of bias.

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Micro‐computed tomography evaluation of minimally invasive root canal preparation in 3D‐printed C‐shaped canal
Nutcha Supavititpattana, Siriwan Suebnukarn, Panupat Phumpatrakom, Kamon Budsaba
Australian Endodontic Journal.2024; 50(3): 621. CrossRef
Ex vivo investigation on the effect of minimally invasive endodontic treatment on vertical root fracture resistance and crack formation
Andreas Rathke, Henry Frehse, Maria Bechtold
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Effect of irrigation protocols on smear layer removal, bond strength and nanoleakage of fiber posts using a self-adhesive resin cement: Rodrigo Stadler Alessi, Renata Terumi Jitumori, Bruna Fortes Bittencourt, Giovana Mongruel Gomes, João Carlos Gomes; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(3):e28. Published online July 27, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e28

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Objectives

This study aimed to investigate the effect of the application method of 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) and its influence on the adhesion of fiberglass posts cemented with a self-adhesive resin cement.

Materials and Methods

Sixty human mandibular premolars were endodontically treated and divided into 5 groups (n = 12), according to the canal irrigant and its application method: 2 groups with conventional syringe irrigation (CSI)—2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) (control) and 2% CHX— and 3 groups with 2% CHX irrigation/activation—by passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), Easy Clean file, and XP-Endo Finisher file. Two roots per group were evaluated for smear layer (SL) removal by scanning electron microscopy. For other roots, fiber posts were luted using a self-adhesive resin cement. The roots were sectioned into 6 slices for push-out bond strength (BS) (7/group) and nanoleakage (NL) (3/group). Data from SL removal were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis and Student-Newman-Keuls tests (α = 0.05). Data from BS and NL were evaluated by 2-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).

Results

For SL removal and BS, the CHX irrigation/activation promoted better values than CSI with CHX (p < 0.05), but it was not significantly different from CSI with NaOCl (p > 0.05). For NL, the lowest values were obtained by the chlorhexidine irrigation/activation groups (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Active 2% CHX irrigation can be used to improve the post space cleaning and adhesion before fiber post cementation with self-adhesive resin cements.

Citations

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Laser‐Activated Irrigation via Photon‐Induced Photoacoustic Streaming and Shock Wave Enhanced Emission on Smear Layer Removal Efficacy, Pushout Bond Strength, and Sealer Adaptation: A SEM Assessment
Basil Almutairi, Fahad Alkhudhairy
Microscopy Research and Technique.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Evaluation of Microleakage Using Different Luting Cements in Kedo Zirconia Crowns: An In Vitro Assessment
Guru Vishnu, Ganesh Jeevanandan
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Does photobiomodulation on the root surface decrease the occurrence of root resorption in reimplanted teeth? A systematic review of animal studies: Theodoro Weissheimer, Karolina Frick Bischoff, Carolina Horn Troian Michel, Bruna Barcelos Só, Manoela Domingues Martins, Matheus Albino Souza, Ricardo Abreu da Rosa, Marcus Vinícius Reis Só; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(3):e24. Published online June 12, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e24

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

This review aimed to answer the following question “Does photobiomodulation treatment of the root surface decrease the occurrence of root resorption in reimplanted teeth?” Electronic searches were performed in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Grey Literature Report databases. Risk of bias was evaluated using SYRCLE Risk of Bias tool. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) tool was used to assess the certainty of evidence. In total, 6 studies were included. Five studies reported a reduced occurrence of root resorption in teeth that received photobiomodulation treatment of the root surface prior to replantation. Only 1 study reported contradictory results. The photobiomodulation parameters varied widely among studies. GRADE assessment showed a low certainty of evidence. It can be inferred that photobiomodulation treatment of the root surface prior to replantation of teeth can reduce the occurrence of root resorption. Nonetheless, further clinical studies are needed.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO Identifier: CRD42022349891

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Feasibility and Outcomes of Cell-based Regenerative Endodontic Therapy in Postautogenous Transplantation of a Mature Tooth: A Case Report
Noriaki Yoshihashi
Journal of Endodontics.2025; 51(1): 85. CrossRef
Photobiomodulation Literature Watch September 2023
James D. Carroll
Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery.2024; 42(7): 498. CrossRef

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Radiographic patterns of periosteal bone reactions associated with endodontic lesions: Poorya Jalali, Jessica Riccobono, Robert A. Augsburger, Mehrnaz Tahmasbi-Arashlow; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(3):e23. Published online June 8, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e23

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Objectives

The formation of new bone by periosteum due to an insult is called periosteal bone reaction (PBR). This study assessed the cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) patterns of periosteal bone reactions associated with periapical inflammatory lesion (apical periodontitis/periapical rarefying osteitis).

Materials and Methods

Twenty-two small field of view CBCT images of patients with PBR were selected from a database of a private practice limited to endodontics. The volume of the periapical inflammatory lesion, the presence of cortical fenestration, the distance of the root apices to the affected cortex, and the location, pattern, and longest diameter of the periosteal reaction were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon Ranksum, Fischer’s exact, Spearman Correlation Coefficient, and paired t-test.

Results

In all cases, periosteal bone reaction manifested as either parallel (90.9%) or irregular (9.1%). No correlation was found between periapical inflammatory lesion volume and the periosteal reaction's longest diameter (p > 0.05). Cortical fenestration was noted in 72.7% of the cases. In addition, the findings showed that periosteal reactions were located mostly on the buccal and were present 53.8% and 100% of the time in the mandible and maxilla, respectively.

Conclusions

The periosteal reactions of endodontic origin had a nonaggressive form (i.e., parallel or irregular), and none of the lesions resulted in a periosteal reaction with an ominous Codman’s triangle or spicule pattern.

Citations

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Garre’s osteomyelitis of the mandible managed by nonsurgical re-endodontic treatment
Heegyun Kim, Jiyoung Kwon, Hyun-Jung Kim, Soram Oh, Duck-Su Kim, Ji-Hyun Jang
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The influence of endodontic treatment quality on periapical lesions' architecture in cone‐beam computed tomography
Ewa Mackiewicz, Tobias Bonsmann, Krzysztof Safranow, Patrycja Nowicka, Janusz Kołecki, Alicja Nowicka
Australian Endodontic Journal.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Effects of different calcium-silicate based materials on fracture resistance of immature permanent teeth with replacement root resorption and osteoclastogenesis: Gabriela Leite de Souza, Gabrielle Alves Nunes Freitas, Maria Tereza Hordones Ribeiro, Nelly Xiomara Alvarado Lemus, Carlos José Soares, Camilla Christian Gomes Moura; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(2):e21. Published online May 5, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e21

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Objectives

This study evaluated the effects of Biodentine (BD), Bio-C Repair (BCR), and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) plug on the fracture resistance of simulated immature teeth with replacement root resorption (RRR) and in vitro-induced osteoclastogenesis.

Materials and Methods

Sixty bovine incisors simulating immature teeth and RRR were divided into 5 groups: BD and BCR groups, with samples completely filled with the respective materials; MTA group, which utilized a 3-mm apical MTA plug; RRR group, which received no root canal filling; and normal periodontal ligament (PL) group, which had no RRR and no root canal filling. All the teeth underwent cycling loading, and compression strength testing was performed using a universal testing machine. RAW 264.7 macrophages were treated with 1:16 extracts of BD, BCR, and MTA containing receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) for 5 days. RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation was assessed by staining with tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase. The fracture load and osteoclast number were analyzed using 1-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).

Results

No significant difference in fracture resistance was observed among the groups (p > 0.05). All materials similarly inhibited osteoclastogenesis (p > 0.05), except for BCR, which led to a lower percentage of osteoclasts than did MTA (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions

The treatment options for non-vital immature teeth with RRR did not strengthen the teeth and promoted a similar resistance to fractures in all cases. BD, MTA, and BCR showed inhibitory effects on osteoclast differentiation, with BCR yielding improved results compared to the other materials.

Citations

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Evaluation of Different Techniques and Materials for Filling in 3-dimensional Printed Teeth Replicas with Perforating Internal Resorption by Means of Micro–Computed Tomography
Angelo J.S. Torres-Carrillo, Helena C. Assis, Rodrigo E. Salazar-Gamarra, Leonardo Moreira Teodosio, Alice C. Silva-Sousa, Jardel F. Mazzi-Chaves, Priscila B. Ferreira-Soares, Manoel D. Sousa-Neto, Fabiane C. Lopes-Olhê
Journal of Endodontics.2024; 50(2): 205. CrossRef
In vitro comparison of fracture strength of maxillary incisors with the simulated external root resorption cavities repaired with BioMTA or Biodentine
Tufan Ozasir, Birgul Ozasir, Nagihan Aribal, Derin Bugu Yuzer, Baris Kandemir, Kamran Gulsahi
Journal of Dental Sciences.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Influence of CBCT parameters on image quality and the diagnosis of vertical root fractures in teeth with metallic posts: an ex vivo study: Larissa Pereira Lagos de Melo, Polyane Mazucatto Queiroz, Larissa Moreira-Souza, Mariana Rocha Nadaes, Gustavo Machado Santaella, Matheus Lima Oliveira, Deborah Queiroz Freitas; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(2):e16. Published online April 27, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e16

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Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of peak kilovoltage (kVp) and a metal artifact reduction (MAR) tool on image quality and the diagnosis of vertical root fracture (VRF) in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Methods

Twenty single-rooted human teeth filled with an intracanal metal post were divided into 2 groups: control (n = 10) and VRF (n = 10). Each tooth was placed into the socket of a dry mandible, and CBCT scans were acquired using a Picasso Trio varying the kVp (70, 80, 90, or 99), and the use of MAR (with or without). The examinations were assessed by 5 examiners for the diagnosis of VRF using a 5-point scale. A subjective evaluation of the expression of artifacts was done by comparing random axial images of the studied protocols. The results of the diagnoses were analyzed using 2-way analysis of variance and the Tukey post hoc test, the subjective evaluations were compared using the Friedman test, and intra-examiner reproducibility was evaluated using the weighted kappa test (α = 5%).

Results

The kVp and MAR did not influence the diagnosis of VRF (p > 0.05). According to the subjective classification, the 99 kVp protocol with MAR demonstrated the least expression of artifacts, while the 70 kVp protocol without MAR led to the most artifacts.

Conclusions

Protocols with higher kVp combined with MAR improved the image quality of CBCT examinations. However, those factors did not lead to an improvement in the diagnosis of VRF.

Citations

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Vertical root fracture diagnosis in teeth with metallic posts: Impact of metal artifact reduction and sharpening filters
Débora Costa Ruiz, Lucas P. Lopes Rosado, Rocharles Cavalcante Fontenele, Amanda Farias-Gomes, Deborah Queiroz Freitas
Imaging Science in Dentistry.2024; 54(2): 139. CrossRef
Comparing standard- and low-dose CBCT in diagnosis and treatment decisions for impacted mandibular third molars: a non-inferiority randomised clinical study
Kuo Feng Hung, Andy Wai Kan Yeung, May Chun Mei Wong, Michael M. Bornstein, Yiu Yan Leung
Clinical Oral Investigations.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of calcium-enriched mixture cement, Iranian propolis, and propolis with herbal extracts in primary dental pulp stem cells: Mohammad Esmaeilzadeh, Shirin Moradkhani, Fahimeh Daneshyar, Mohammad Reza Arabestani, Sara Soleimani Asl, Soudeh Tayebi, Maryam Farhadian; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(1):e2. Published online December 1, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e2

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Objectives

In this study, natural substances were introduced as primary dental pulp caps for use in pulp therapy, and the antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of these substances were investigated.

Materials and Methods

In this in vitro study, the antimicrobial properties of calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement, propolis, and propolis individually combined with the extracts of several medicinal plants were investigated against Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. Then, the cytotoxicity of each substance or mixture against pulp stem cells extracted from 30 primary healthy teeth was evaluated at 4 concentrations. Data were gathered via observation, and optical density values were obtained using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) test and recorded. SPSS software version 23 was used to analyze the data. Data were evaluated using 2-way analysis of variance and the Tukey test.

Results

Regarding antimicrobial properties, thyme alone and thyme + propolis had the lowest minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against the growth of S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa bacteria. For E. faecalis, thyme + propolis had the lowest MIC, followed by thyme alone. At 24 and 72 hours, thyme + propolis, CEM cement, and propolis had the greatest bioviability in the primary dental pulp stem cells, and lavender + propolis had the lowest bioviability.

Conclusions

Of the studied materials, thyme + propolis showed the best results in the measures of practical performance as a dental pulp cap.

Citations

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Comprehensive review of composition, properties, clinical applications, and future perspectives of calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement: a systematic analysis
Saeed Asgary, Mahtab Aram, Mahta Fazlyab
BioMedical Engineering OnLine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Effects of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Chinese propolis on dental pulp stem cell viability, migration and cytokine expression
Ha Bin Park, Yen Dinh, Pilar Yesares Rubi, Jennifer L. Gibbs, Benoit Michot
PeerJ.2024; 12: e18742. CrossRef

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Comparative evaluation of the biological response of conventional and resin modified glass ionomer cement on human cells: a systematic review: Shishir Singh, Gaurav Kulkarni, R S Mohan Kumar, Romi Jain, Ameya M Lokhande, Teena K Sitlaney, Musharraf H F Ansari, Navin S Agarwal; Restor Dent Endod 2024;49(4):e41. Published online November 1, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e41

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This review aimed to evaluate and compare the biological response (biocompatibility and cytotoxicity) of resin modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) in contrast to conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) on human cells. Articles reporting parallel and split-mouth clinical trials, randomized controlled trials, non-randomized controlled trials, prospective studies, and in vitro studies on human permanent teeth that assessed the biological response of GIC and RMGIC were included. The following electronic bibliographic databases were searched using the keywords: MEDLINE/PubMed, EBSCO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Google Scholar. For the risk of bias MINORS tool and the modified scale of Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments and Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials were used. Initial screening identified 552 studies, of which 9 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. Different parameters such as odontoblastic changes, inflammatory response, tertiary dentin formation, presence of microorganisms, morphological changes, cell viability, number, and metabolism were used to evaluate the biological response of conventional GIC and RMGICs. Conventional GIC shows lower cytotoxicity compared to RMGIC in vital pulp therapy procedures. Further, in vivo studies and long-term clinical trials are needed to compare these observations for pulp therapy using the 2 test materials.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO Identifier: CRD42023426021

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The conventional glass ionomers – A forgotten paradigm
Shishir Singh
Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.2024; 27(12): 1201. CrossRef

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Evaluation of mineral induction ability and cytotoxicity of carbonated hydroxyapatite for pulp tissue regeneration: an in vitro study: S. Swathi Priyadharshini, Chinnasamy Ragavendran, Anand Sherwood, J. Ramana Ramya, Jogikalmat Krithikadatta; Restor Dent Endod 2024;49(4):e40. Published online October 29, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e40

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Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA)’s ability for mineral induction and its in vitro cytotoxicity with human dental pulp cells.

Materials and Methods

Precursors for the study include di-ammonium hydrogen phosphate and calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, with sodium hydrogen carbonate added to achieve different levels of carbonate substitution. The synthesized CHA samples are characterized using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe morphology. For 14 days at 37°C, samples were submerged in simulated body fluid to assess their mineral induction capabilities. SEM was used to confirm apatite formation on sample surfaces. The cytotoxicity assay was used to assess the vitality of the cells following their exposure to various concentrations of CHA.

Results

The Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards data for HA aligned well with the results from X-ray diffraction analysis of CHA across 3 different concentrations, indicating strong agreement. Fourier transform infrared spectra indicated the presence of phosphate, hydroxyl, and carbonate groups within the samples. SEM and Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis show agglomerated and flaky nanoparticles. All the samples are bioactive, but the formation of apatite differs from one another. In vitro cytotoxicity assay showed that over 70% of cells maintain viability.

Conclusions

The results of this study may provide insight into the potential use of carbonated HA as a dental pulp-capping material for vital pulp therapy.

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Comparative evaluation of compressive strength and morphological interface of carbonated hydroxyapatite with other pulp capping materials: An in vitro analysis
S. Swathi Priyadharshini, Chinnasamy Ragavendran, I. Anand Sherwood, Ramanaramya Jeyapalan
Endodontology.2025; 37(1): 90. CrossRef

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