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• Micro Tensile bond strength and microleakage assessment of total-etch and self-etch adhesive bonded to carious affected dentin disinfected with Chlorhexidine, Curcumin, and Malachite green
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• Chemical, microbial, and host‐related factors: effects on the integrity of dentin and the dentin–biomaterial interface
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• Comparative evaluation ofEmblica officinalisas an etchant and an MMP inhibitor with orthophosphoric acid and chlorhexidine on the microshear bond strength of composite resin: anex vivostudy
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• Microtensile bond strength of silorane-based composite specific adhesive system using different bonding strategies
  Laura Alves Bastos, Ana Beatriz Silva Sousa, Brahim Drubi-Filho, Fernanda de Carvalho Panzeri Pires-de-Souza, Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garcia
  Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2015; 40(1): 23.     CrossRef

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• Effect of Baicalein on Bond Strength of Indirect Ceramic Restoration
  Nuray Zulkadir Ergin, Aslı Seçilmiş
  Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi.2025; 16(3): 356.     CrossRef
• The Classification and Selection of Adhesive Agents; an Overview for the General Dentist
  Naji Ziad Arandi
  Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry.2023; Volume 15: 165.     CrossRef

Proteoglycan is highly hydrophilic and negatively charged which enable them attract the water. The objective of study was to investigate the effects of Proteoglycan on microtensile bond strength of dentin adhesives and on architecture of dentin collagen matrix of acid etched dentin by removing the chondroitin sulphate attached on Proteoglycan. A flat dentin surface in mid-coronal portion of tooth was prepared. After acid etching, half of the specimens were immersed in 0.1 U/mL chondroitinase ABC (C-ABC) for 48 h at 37℃, while the other half were stored in distilled water. Specimens were bonded with the dentin adhesive using three different bonding techniques (wet, dry and re-wet) followed by microtensile bond strength test. SEM examination was done with debonded specimen, resin-dentin interface and acid-etched dentin surface with/without C-ABC treatment.

For the subgroups using wet-bonding or dry-bonding technique, microtensile bond strength showed no significant difference after C-ABC treatment (p > 0.05). Nevertheless, the subgroup using rewetting technique after air dry in the Single Bond 2 group demonstrated a significant decrease of microtensile bond strength after C-ABC treatment. Collagen architecture is loosely packed and some fibrils are aggregated together and relatively collapsed compared with normal acid-etched wet dentin after C-ABC treatment. Further studies are necessary for the contribution to the collagen architecture of noncollagenous protein under the various clinical situations and several dentin conditioners and are also needed about long-term effect on bond strength of dentin adhesive.

The purpose of the present study was to compare the influence of post-surface treatment with silane, hydrogen peroxide, hydrofluoric acid or sandblasting and to investigate the effect of silane in combination of the other treatments on the microtensile bond strength between fiber posts and composite resins for core build-up. Thirty-two glass-fiber posts (FRC Postec Plus, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) were divided into eight groups according to the different surface pretreatments performed: silane application (S); immersion in 28% hydrogen peroxide (HP); immersion in hydrogen peroxide followed by application of silane (HP-S); immersion in 4% hydrofluoric acid gel (HF); immersion in hydrofluoric acid gel followed by application of silane (HF-S); sandblasting with aluminum oxide particles (SB); sandblasting followed by application of silane (SB-S). In control group, no surface treatment was performed. The composite resin (Tetric Flow, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) was applied onto the posts to produce the composite cylinder specimen. It was sectioned into sticks to measure the microtensile bond strength. The data was analyzed with one-way ANOVA and LSD test for post hoc comparison (p < 0.05). Post pretreatment with sandblasting enhanced the interfacial strength between the fiber posts and core materials. Moreover, sand-blasting followed by application of silane appears to be the most effective method that can improve the clinical performance of glass fiber posts.

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• Preparation and properties of glass fiber-reinforced endodontic (root canal therapy) posts
  Jae-Yong Son, Kyoung-Ja Kim, Kyoung-Hun Kim, Joo-Seok Park, Kwang-Bo Shim
  Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology.2015; 25(3): 105.     CrossRef
• Fracture resistance of upper central incisors restored with different posts and cores
  Maryam Rezaei Dastjerdi, Kamran Amirian Chaijan, Saeid Tavanafar
  Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2015; 40(3): 229.     CrossRef
• Effect of surface treatment of FRC-Post on bonding strength to resin cements
  Chan-Hyun Park, Se-Hee Park, Jin-Woo Kim, Kyung-Mo Cho
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2011; 36(2): 125.     CrossRef

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation with hypersensitivity mode on microtensile bond strength of composite resin. Twenty extracted permanent molars were randomly assigned to six groups, according to the irradiation of Er,Cr:YSGG laser, adhesive system (Optibond FL or Clearfil SE bond) and application time of etchant (15 sec or 20 sec). Then composite resin was build up on each conditioned surface. The restored teeth were stored in distilled water at room temperature for 24 h and twelve specimens for each group were prepared. All specimens were subjected to microtensile bond strength and the fracture modes were evaluated. Also, the prepared dentin surface and laser irradiated dentin surface were examined under SEM.

The results were as follows:

The microtensile bond strength of laser irradiated group was lower than that of no laser irradiated group.

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• Enamel pretreatment with Er:YAG laser: effects on the microleakage of fissure sealant in fluorosed teeth
  Mahtab Memarpour, Nasrin Kianimanesh, Bahareh Shayeghi
  Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2014; 39(3): 180.     CrossRef

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• The effect of the strength and wetting characteristics of Bis-GMA/TEGDMA-based adhesives on the bond strength to dentin
  Eun-Sook Park, Chang-Keun Kim, Ji-Hyun Bae, Byeong-Hoon Cho
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2011; 36(2): 139.     CrossRef

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), failure modes and bonding interfaces of self-etching and three self-adhesive resin cements to dentin and indirect composite resin.

Cylindrical composite blocks (Tescera, Bisco Inc.) were luted with resin cements (PA: Panavia F 2.0, Kuraray Medical Inc., RE: RelyX Unicem Clicker, 3M ESPE., MA: Maxem, Kerr Co., BI: BisCem, Bisco Inc.) on the prepared occlusal dentin surfaces of 20 extracted molars. After storage in distilled water for 24 h, 1.0 mm × 1.0 mm composite-dentin beams were prepared. µTBS was tested at a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test. Dentin sides of all fractured specimens and interfaces of resin cements-dentin or resin cements-composite were examined at FE-SEM (Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscope).

In conclusion, PA and RE showed higher bond strength and closer adaptation than MA and BI when indirect composite blocks were luted to dentin using a self-etching and three self-adhesive resin cements.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of hydrogen peroxide at different application time and concentrations on the microtensile bond strength of resin restorations to the deep and the pulp chamber dentin.

A conventional endodontic access cavity was prepared in each tooth, and then the teeth were randomly divided into 1 control group and 4 experimental groups as follows: Group 1, non treated; Group 2, with 20% Hydrogen peroxide(H₂O₂); Group 3, with 10% H₂O₂; Group 4, with 5% H₂O₂; Group 5, with 2.5% H₂O₂; the teeth of all groups except group 1 were treated for 20, 10, and 5min. The treated teeth were filled using a Superbond C&B (Sun medical Co., Shiga, Japan). Thereafter, the specimens were stored in distilled water at 37℃ for 24-hours and then sectioned into the deep and the chamber dentin. The microtensile bond strength values of each group were analyzed by 3-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test(p < 0.05).

In this study, the microtensile bond strength of the deep dentin (D1) was significantly greater than that of the pulp chamber dentin (D2) in the all groups tested. The average of microtensile bond strength was decreased as the concentration and the application time of H₂O₂ were increased. Analysis showed significant correlation effect not only between the depth of the dentin and the concentration of H₂O₂ but also between the concentration of H₂O₂ and the application time(p < 0.05), while no significant difference existed among these three variables(p > 0.05). The higher H₂O₂ concentration, the more opened dentinal tubules under a scanning electron microscope(SEM) examination.

Citations

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• Changes in µ-TBS to pulp chamber dentin after the application of NaOCl & reversal effect by using sodium ascorbate
  Su-Mi Kwon, Tae-Gun Kim, Mi-Kyung Yu, Kwang-Won Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2009; 34(6): 515.     CrossRef

This study compared the effect of an activator, intermediate bonding resin and low-viscosity flowable resin on the microtensile bond strength of a self-curing composite resin used with two-step total etching adhesives. Twenty extracted permanent molars were used. The teeth were assigned randomly to nine groups (n=10) according to the adhesive system and application of additional methods (activator, intermediate adhesive, flowable resin). The bonding agents and additional applications of each group were applied to the dentin surfaces. Self-curing composite resin buildups were made for each tooth to form a core, 5mm in height. The restored teeth were then stored in distilled water at room temperature for 24h before sectioning. The microtensile bond strength of all specimens was examined. The data was analyzed statistically by one-way ANOVA and a Scheffe's test. The application of an intermediate bonding resin (Optibond FL adhesive) and low-viscosity flowable resin (Tetric N-flow) produced higher bond strength than that with the activator in all groups. Regardless of the method selected, Optibond solo plus produced the lowest µTBS to dentin. The failure modes of the tested dentin bonding agents were mostly adhesive failure but there were some cases showed cohesive failure in the resin.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a desensitizer on dentinal bond strength in cementation of composite resin inlay. Fifty four molar teeth were exposed the occlusal dentin. Class I inlay cavities were prepared and randomly divided into six groups. Control group ; no agent, Group 1 ; Isodan, Group 2 ; One-step, Group 3 ; All-Bond SE, Group 4 ; Isodan + One-step, Group 5 ; Isodan + All-Bond SE.

Desensitizing agent and dentin bonding agents were applied immediately after the completion of the preparations. Impressions were then made. The composite resin inlays (Tescera, Bisco) were fabricated according to the manufacturers' guidelines. Cementation procedures followed a standard protocol by using resin cement (Bis-Cem, Bisco). Specimens were stored in distilled water at 37℃ for 24 hours.

All specimens were sectioned to obtained sticks with 1.0 × 1.0 mm² cross sectional area. The microtensile bond strength (µTBS) was tested at crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. The data was analyzed using oneway ANOVA and Tukey's test. Scanning electron microscopy analysis was made to examine the details of the bonding interface.

1. Group 1 showed significantly lower µTBS than other groups (p<0.05).

2. There was no significant difference between the µTBS of Group 3 and Group 5.

3. The µTBS of Group 4 showed significantly lower than that of Group 2 (p<0.05).

In conclusion, a desensitizer (Isodan) might have an adverse effect on the bond strength of composite resin inlay to dentin.

Citations

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• Microtensile bond strength of self-etching and self-adhesive resin cements to dentin and indirect composite resin
  Jae-Gu Park, Young-Gon Cho, Il-Sin Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2010; 35(2): 106.     CrossRef

Deterioration of long-term dentin adhesion durability is thought to occur by hydrolytic degradation within hydrophilic domains of the adhesive and hybrid layers. This study investigated the hypothesis that priming the collagen network with an organic solvent displace water without collapse and thereby obtain good bond strength with an adhesive made of hydrophobic monomers and organic solvents. Three experimental adhesives were prepared by dissolving two hydrophobic monomers, bisphenol-A-glycidylmethacrylate (Bis-GMA) and triethylenegly-col dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), into acetone, ethanol or methanol. After an etching and rinsing procedure, the adhesives were applied onto either wet dentin surfaces (wet bonding) or dentin surfaces primed with the same solvent (solvent-primed bonding). Microtensile bond strength (MTBS) was measured at 48 hrs, 1 month and after 10,000 times of thermocycles. The bonded interfaces were evaluated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Regardless of bonding protocols, well-developed hybrid layers were observed at the bonded interface in most specimens. The highest mean MTBS was observed in the adhesive containing ethanol at 48 hrs. With solvent-primed bonding, increased MTBS tendencies were seen with thermocycling in the adhesives containing ethanol or methanol. However, in the case of wet bonding, no increase in MTBS was observed with aging.

The purpose of this study was to compare the tensile bond strength of several self-adhesive resin cements bonded to dentin surfaces with different wet conditions.

Three self-adhesive resin cements; Rely-X Unicem (3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA), Embrace Wetbond (Pulpdent, Oakland, MA, USA), Maxcem (Kerr, Orange, CA, USA) were used. Extracted sixty human molars were used. Each self-adhesive resin cement was adhered to the dentin specimens (two rectangular sticks from each molar) in different wet conditions.

Tensile bond strength were measured using universal testing machine (EZ Test, Shimadzu corporation, Kyoto, Japan) at a crosshead speed of 1.0mm/min. After the testing, bonding failures of specimens were observed by Operative microscope (OPMI pro, Carl Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany). T-test was used to evaluate the effect of dentin surface wetness. One-way ANOVA test was used to evaluate the tensile bond strength of self-adhesive resin cements in the same condition. Scheffe's test was used for statistical analyzing at the 95% level of confidence.

The result showed that wetness of dentin surface didn't affect tensile bond strength of self-adhesive resin cements and Maxcem showed the lowest tensile bond strength.

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• Impact of Overdried Preparation and Thermocycling on the Fracture of CAD–CAM Hybrid Ceramic Occlusal Veneer Restorations
  Daranee Tantbirojn, Antheunis Versluis, Paul D Edgerley, David R Cagna
  International Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry.2019; 9(2): 38.     CrossRef
• Effects of dentin moisture on the push-out bond strength of a fiber post luted with different self-adhesive resin cements
  Sevinç Aktemur Türker, Emel Uzunoğlu, Zeliha Yılmaz
  Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2013; 38(4): 234.     CrossRef
• 'Wet or Dry tooth surface?' - for self-adhesive resin cement
  Jeong-Won Park
  Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2012; 37(4): 249.     CrossRef

The purpose of this research was to compare the microtensile bond strength of resin coated surface and resin inlay according temporary filling materials prior to applying self-adhesive resin cement. Caviton(GC, Japan), Provifil(Promedica, Neumunster, Germany), Provifil(Promedica, Neumunster, Germany) & petrolatum, and Eugenol-based cement, Tembond(Kerr, Orange CA, USA) were used as temporary filling materials. After fabrication of Tescera(Bisco, Schamburg IL, USA), it was bonded with a self-adhesive resin cement, Rely X unicem(3M, St. Paul. Minn, USA). After this procedure, the microtensile bond strength was measured and it was analyzed through one-way ANOVA and Duncan test(p<0.05).

Caviton(GC, Tokyo, Japan) showed statistical difference except for the control(group I) and the saliva(group II)(p<0.05). Provifil(group IV), Provifil & petroneum(group V), Tembond(group VI) had lower microtensile bond strength.

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• Shear bond strength of a self-adhesive resin cement to resin-coated dentin
  Jee-Youn Hong, Cheol-Woo Park, Jeong-Uk Heo, Min-Ki Bang, Jae-Jun Ryu
  The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics.2013; 51(1): 27.     CrossRef
• Microtensile bond strength of resin inlay bonded to dentin treated with various temporary filling materials
  Tae-Woo Kim, Bin-Na Lee, Young-Jung Choi, So-Young Yang, Hoon-Sang Chang, Yun-Chan Hwang, In-Nam Hwang, Won-Mann Oh
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2011; 36(5): 419.     CrossRef

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of sodium ascorbate on microtensile bond strengths of total-etching adhesive system to pulp chamber dentin treated with NaOCl.

Pulp chambers of extracted human non-caries permanent molars were treated as follows: group 1, with 0.9% NaCl; group 2, with 5.25% NaOCl; group 3, with 5.25% NaOCl and 10% sodium ascorbate for 1min; group 4, with 5.25% NaOCl and 10% sodium ascorbate for 1 min and 10ml of water; group 5, with 5.25% NaOCl and 10% sodium ascorbate for 5 min; group 6, with 5.25% NaOCl and 10% sodium ascorbate for 5 min and 10ml of water; group 7, with 5.25% NaOCl and 10% sodium ascorbate for 10 min; group 8, with 5.25% NaOCl and 10% sodium ascorbate for 10 min and 10ml of water. Treated specimens were dried, bonded with a total-etching adhesive system (Single bond), restored with a composite resin(Z250) and kept for 24h at 100% humidity to measure the microtensile bond strength.

NaOCl-treated group (group 2) demonstrated significantly lower strength than the other groups. No significant difference in microtensile bond strengths was found between NaCl-treated group (group 1) and sodium ascorbate-treated groups (group 3-8). The results of this study indicated that dentin treated with NaOCl reduced the microtensile bond strength of Single bond. Application of 10% sodium ascorbate restored the bond strength of Single bond on NaOCl-treated dentin. Application time of sodium ascorbate did not have a significant effect.

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• Influence of Sodium Hypochorite & EDTA on the Microtensile Bond Strength of Ethanol Wet Bonding
  Deok-Joong Kim, Yong-Beom Song, Sang-Hee Park, Hyoung-Sun Kim, Hye-Yoon Lee, Mi-Kyung Yu, Kwang-Won Lee
  Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science.2013; 29(1): 37.     CrossRef
• Changes in µ-TBS to pulp chamber dentin after the application of NaOCl & reversal effect by using sodium ascorbate
  Su-Mi Kwon, Tae-Gun Kim, Mi-Kyung Yu, Kwang-Won Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2009; 34(6): 515.     CrossRef

The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of various dentin bonding systems on microtensile bond strength of immediate dentin sealing (IDS) and delayed dentin sealing (DDS). Eighteen extracted permanent molars were used in this study. The teeth for DDS group were restored with a provisional restorations, and immersed in saline solution for 1 week, and divided into 3 subgroups according to various dentin bonding adhesives; SB subgroup (3 step total-etch adhesive), SE subgroup (2 step self-etch adhesive), XE subgroup (1 step self-etch adhesive). In IDS group, the teeth were divided into 3 subgroups, and applied with bonding adhesives as in DDS group. The teeth were restored with provisional restorations, and immersed in saline solution for 1 week. Indirect composite disc was cemented with resin cement, and all specimens were subjected to microtensile bond strength. The data were statistically analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Student t-test.

The results were as follows:

The IDS group showed significantly higher µTBS than DDS group in 3 step total-etch and 2 step self-etch adhesive (p < 0.05).

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• The effect of Er,Cr:YSGG irradiation on microtensile bond strength of composite resin restoration
  Jeong-Hye Son, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Bock Hur, Jeong-Kil Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2010; 35(2): 134.     CrossRef

This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of the C-factor on the bond strength of a 6th generation self-etching system by measuring the microtensile bond strength of four types of restorations classified by different C-factors with an identical depth of dentin.

Eighty human molars were divided into four experimental groups, each of which had a C-factor of 0.25, 2, 3 or 4. Each group was then further divided into four subgroups based on the adhesive and composite resin used. The adhesives used for this study were AQ Bond Plus (Sun Medical, Japan) and Xeno III (DENTSPLY, Germany). And composite resins used were Fantasista (Sun Medical, Japan) and Ceram-X mono (DENTSPLY, Germany).

The results were then analyzed using one-way ANOVA, a Tukey's test, and a Pearson's correlation test and were as follows.

There was no significant difference among C-factor groups with the exception of groups of Xeno III and Ceram-X mono (p < 0.05).

It was concluded that the C-factor of cavities does not have a significant effect on the microtensile bond strength of the restorations when cavities of the same depth of dentin are restored using composite resin in conjunction with the 6th generation self-etching system.

Citations

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• Effect of different chlorhexidine application times on microtensile bond strength to dentin in Class I cavities
  Hyun-Jung Kang, Ho-Jin Moon, Dong-Hoon Shin
  Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2012; 37(1): 9.     CrossRef
• Effect of Er:YAG lasing on the dentin bonding strength of two-step adhesives
  Byeong-Choon Song, Young-Gon Cho, Myung-Seon Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2011; 36(5): 409.     CrossRef
• Effect of Chlorhexidine Application Methods on Microtensile Bond Strength to Dentin in Class I Cavities
  Y-E. Chang, D-H. Shin
  Operative Dentistry.2010; 35(6): 618.     CrossRef
• Difference in bond strength according to filling techniques and cavity walls in box-type occlusal composite resin restoration
  Eun-Joo Ko, Dong-Hoon Shin
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2009; 34(4): 350.     CrossRef

The purpose of this study was to compare the microtensile bond strength in Class I cavities associated with different light curing modes of same light energy density.

Occlusal enamel was removed to expose a flat dentin surface and twenty box-shaped Class I cavities were prepared in dentin. Single Bond (3M Dental product) was applied and Z 250 was inserted using bulk technique. The composite was light-cured using one of four techniques; pulse delay (PD group), soft-start (SS group), pulse cure (PC group) and standard continuous cure (CC group). The light-curing unit capable of adjusting time and intensity (VIP, Bisco Dental product) was selected and the light energy density for all curing modes was fixed at 16 J/cm². After storage for 24 hours, specimens were sectioned into beams with a rectangular cross-sectional area of approximately 1 mm². Microtensile bond strength (µTBS) test was performed using a universal testing machine (EZ Test, Shimadzu Co.). The results were analyzed using oneway ANOVA and Tukey's test at significance level 0.05. The µTBS of PD group and SS group was higher than that of PC group and CC group.

Within the limitations of this in vitro study, modification of curing modes such as pulse delay and soft start polymerization can improve resin/dentin bond strength in Class I cavities by controlling polymerization velocity of composite resin.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of chlorhexidine (CHX) on microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of dentin bonding systems.

Dentin collagenolytic and gelatinolytic activities can be suppressed by protease inhibitors, indicating that MMPs (Matrix metalloproteinases) inhibition could be beneficial in the preservation of hybrid layers. Chlorhexidine (CHX) is known as an inhibitor of MMPs activity in vitro.

The experiment was proceeded as follows:

At first, flat occlusal surfaces were prepared on mid-coronal dentin of extracted third molars. GI (Glass Ionomer) group was treated with dentin conditioner, and then, applied with 2% CHX. Both SM (Scotchbond Multipurpose) and SB (Single Bond) group were applied with CHX after acid-etched with 37% phosphoric acid. TS (Clearfil Tri-S) group was applied with CHX, and then, with adhesives. Hybrid composite Z-250 and resin-modified glass ionomer Fuji-II LC was built up on experimental dentin surfaces. Half of them were subjected to 10,000 thermocycle, while the others were tested immediately. With the resulting data, statistically two-way ANOVA was performed to assess the µTBS before and after thermocycling and the effect of CHX. All statistical tests were carried out at the 95% level of confidence. The failure mode of the testing samples was observed under a scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Within limited results, the results of this study were as follows;

In all experimental groups applied with 2% chlorhexidine, the microtensile bond strength increased, and thermocycling decreased the microtensile bond strength (P > 0.05).

2% chlorhexidine application after acid-etching proved to preserve the durability of the hybrid layer and microtensile bond strength of dentin bonding systems.

Citations

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• The effect of the removal of chondroitin sulfate on bond strength of dentin adhesives and collagen architecture
  Jong-Ryul Kim, Sang-Jin Park, Gi-Woon Choi, Kyoung-Kyu Choi
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2010; 35(3): 211.     CrossRef

The fracture toughness test is believed as a clinically relevant method for assessing the fracture resistance of the dentinal restoratives. The objectives of this study were to measure the fracture toughness (K_1C) and microtensile bond strength of dentin-resin composite interface and compare their relationship for their use in evaluation of the integrity of the dentin-resin bond.

A minimum of six short-rod specimens for fracture toughness test and fifteen specimens for microtensile bond strength test was fabricated for each group of materials used. After all specimens storing for 24 hours in distilled water at 37℃, they were tensile-loaded with an EZ tester universal testing machin. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Tukey's test at the 95% confidence level, Pearson's coefficient was used to verify the correlation between the mean of fracture toughness and microtensile bond strength. FE-SEM was employed on fractured surface to describe the crack propagation.

Fracture toughness value of Clearfil SE Bond (SE) was the highest, followed by Adper Single Bond 2 (SB), OptiBond Solo (OB), ONE-STEP PLUS (OS), ScotchBond Multi-purpose (SM) and there was significant difference between SE and other 4 groups (p < 0.05). There were, however, no significant difference among SB, OB, OS, SM (p > 0.05). Microtensile bond strength of SE was the highest, followed by SB, OB, SM, OS and OS only showed significant lower value (p < 0.05). There was no correlation between fracture toughness and microtensile bond strength values. FE-SEM examination revealed that dentin bonding agent showed different film thickness and different failure pattern according to the film thickness.

From the limited results of this study, it was noted that there was statistically no correlation between K1C and µTBS. We can conclude that for obtaining the reliability of bond strength test of dentin bonding agent, we must pay more attention to the test procedure and its profound scrutiny.

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• The study of fractural behavior of repaired composite
  Sang-Soon Park, Wook Nam, Ah-Hyang Eom, Duck-Su Kim, Gi-Woon Choi, Kyoung-Kyu Choi
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2010; 35(6): 461.     CrossRef

The purposes of this study were to examine the variability of adhesive thickness on the different site of the cavity wall when used total-etch system without filler and simplified self-etch system with filler and to evaluate the relationship between variable adhesive thickness and microtensile bond strength to the cavity wall.

A class I cavity in six human molars was prepared to expose all dentinal walls. Three teeth were bonded with a filled adhesive, Clearfil™ SE bond and the other three teeth were bonded with unfilled adhesives, Scotchbond™ Multi Purpose. Morphology and thickness of adhesive layer were examined using fluorescence microscope. Bonding agent thickness was measured at three points along the axial cavity wall, edge of cavity margin (rim), halfway down each cavity wall (hlf), internal angle of the cavity (ang). After reproducing the adhesive thickness at rim, hlf and ang, micro-tensile bond strength were evaluated.

For both bonding agents, adhesive thickness of ang was significantly thicker than that of rim and hlf (P < 0.05). As reproduced the adhesive thickness, microtensile bond strength was increased as adhesive thickness was increased in two bonding agents.

Adhesive thickness of internal angle of the cavity was significantly thicker than that of the cavity margin and the halfway cavity wall for both bonding agents. Microtensile bond strength of the thick adhesive layer at the internal angle of the cavity was higher than that of the thin adhesive layer at the cavity margin and the halfway cavity in the two bonding systems.

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• Bond strength of a 3-step total-etch bonding system to dentine – An improved approach
  H. Hassan Elnadif, W. Palin, M.A. Hadis, B.W. Darvell
  Dental Materials.2025; 41(5): 483.     CrossRef
• Evaluation of bonding effectiveness of a self-etch and an etch-and-rinse adhesive resin to un-treated and Er:Yag laser treated dentin using mini-interfacial fracture toughness test
  Marjan Behroozibakhsh, Sotoudeh Davaie, Abbas Monzavi, Tayebeh Abazari, Sima Shahabi, Maryam Pirmoradian
  Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology.2019; 33(11): 1201.     CrossRef
• The effect of Er,Cr:YSGG irradiation on microtensile bond strength of composite resin restoration
  Jeong-Hye Son, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Bock Hur, Jeong-Kil Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2010; 35(2): 134.     CrossRef

The purposes of this study were to compare the effects of one or two applications of all-in-one adhesives on microtensile bond strengths (µTBS) to unground enamel and to investigate the morphological changes in enamel surfaces treated with these adhesives using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Twenty-five noncarious, unrestored human mandibular molars were used. The unground enamel surfaces were cleansed with pumice. The following adhesives were applied to lingual, mid-coronal surfaces according to manufacture's directions; Clearfil SE bond in SE group, Adper Prompt L-Pop™1 coat in LP1 group, 2 coats in LP2 group, Xeno® III 1 coat in XN1 group, and 2 coats in XN2 group. After application of the adhesives, a hybrid light-activated resin composite was built up on the unground enamel. Each tooth was sectioned to make a cross-sectional area of approximately 1.0 mm² for each stick. The microtensile bond strength was determined. Each specimen was observed under SEM to examine the morphological changes. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA.

The results of this study were as follows;

1. The microtensile bond strength values were; SE (19.77±2.44 MPa), LP1 (13.88±3.67 MPa), LP2 (14.50±2.52 MPa), XN1 (14.42±2.51 MPa) and XN2 (15.28±2.79 MPa). SE was significantly higher than the other groups in bond strength (p < 0.05). All groups except SE were not significantly different in bond strength (p < 0.05).

2. All groups were characterized as shallow and irregular etching patterns.

Citations

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• The effect of various bonding systems on the microtensile bond strength of immediate and delayed dentin sealing
  Jin-hee Ha, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Bock Hur, Jeong-Kil Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2008; 33(6): 526.     CrossRef

In this study, the changes in the degree of conversion (DC) and the microtensile bond strength (MTBS) of self-etching adhesives to dentin was investigated according to the time after curing. The MTBS of Single Bond (SB, 3M ESPE, USA), Clearfil SE Bond (SE, Kuraray, Japan), Xeno-III (XIII, Dentsply, Germany), and Adper Prompt (AP, 3M ESPE, USA) were measured at 48h, at 1 week and after thermocycling for 5,000 cycles between 5℃ and 55℃. The DC of the adhesives were measured immediately, at 48h and at 7 days after curing using a Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectrometer. The fractured surfaces were also evaluated with scanning electron microscope. The MTBS and DC were significantly increased with time and there was an interaction between the variables of time and material (MTBS, 2-way ANOVA, p = 0.018; DC, Repeated Measures ANOVA, p < 0.001). The low DC was suggested as a cause of the low MTBS of self-etching adhesives, XIII and AP, but the increase in the MTBS of SE and AP after 48h could not be related with the changes in the DC. The microscopic maturation of the adhesive layer might be considered as the cause of increasing bond strength.

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• Effect of Plasma Deposition Using Low-Power/Non-thermal Atmospheric Pressure Plasma on Promoting Adhesion of Composite Resin to Enamel
  Geum-Jun Han, Jae-Hoon Kim, Sung-No Chung, Bae-Hyeock Chun, Chang-Keun Kim, Byeong-Hoon Cho
  Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing.2014; 34(4): 933.     CrossRef
• The effect of priming etched dentin with solvent on the microtensile bond strength of hydrophobic dentin adhesive
  Eun-Sook Park, Ji-Hyun Bae, Jong-Soon Kim, Jae-Hoon Kim, In-Bog Lee, Chang-Keun Kim, Ho-Hyun Son, Byeong-Hoon Cho
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2009; 34(1): 42.     CrossRef
• Effect of curing methods of resin cements on bond strength and adhesive interface of post
  Mun-Hong Kim, Hae-Jung Kim, Young-Gon Cho
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2009; 34(2): 103.     CrossRef
• Difference in bond strength according to filling techniques and cavity walls in box-type occlusal composite resin restoration
  Eun-Joo Ko, Dong-Hoon Shin
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2009; 34(4): 350.     CrossRef
• The effect of various bonding systems on the microtensile bond strength of immediate and delayed dentin sealing
  Jin-hee Ha, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Bock Hur, Jeong-Kil Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2008; 33(6): 526.     CrossRef

This study investigated the hypothesis that the dentin bond strength of self-etching adhesive (SEA) might be improved by applying additional layer of bonding resin that might alleviate the pH difference between the SEA and the restorative composite resin. Two SEAs were used in this study; Experimental SEA (Exp, pH: 1.96) and Adper Prompt (AP, 3M ESPE, USA, pH: 1.0). In the control groups, they were applied with two sequential coats. In the experimental groups, after applying the first coat of assigned SEAs, the D/E bonding resin of All-Bond 2 (Bisco Inc., USA, pH: 6.9) was applied as the intermediate adhesive. Z-250 (3M ESPE, USA) composite resin was built-up in order to prepare hourglass-shaped specimens. The microtensile bond strength (MTBS) was measured and the effect of the intermediate layer on the bond strength was analyzed for each SEA using t-test. The fracture mode of each specimen was inspected using stereomicroscope and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM). When D/E bonding resin was applied as the second coat, MTBS was significantly higher than that of the control groups. The incidence of the failure between the adhesive and the composite or between the adhesive and dentin decreased and that of the failure within the adhesive layer increased. According to the results, applying the bonding resin of neutral pH can increase the bond strength of SEAs by alleviating the difference in acidity between the SEA and restorative composite resin.

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• Effect of an intermediate bonding resin and flowable resin on the compatibility of two-step total etching adhesives with a self-curing composite resin
  Sook-Kyung Choi, Ji-Wan Yum, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Bock Hur, Jeong-Kil Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2009; 34(5): 397.     CrossRef
• Aging effect on the microtensile bond strength of self-etching adhesives
  JS Park, JS Kim, MS Kim, HH Son, HC Kwon, BH Cho
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2006; 31(6): 415.     CrossRef

This study was performed to investigate the compatibility between 4 dentin adhesives and 4 resin luting cements.

Dentin adhesives used in this study were All-Bond 2 (Bisco Inc., Schaumbrug, IL, USA), Clearfil SE-Bond (Kuraray Medical Inc, Osaka, Japan), Prompt L-Pop (3M Dental Products, St. Paul, MN, USA), One-Up Bond F (Tokuyama corp., Tokyo, Japan). Resin luting cements used in this study were Choice (Bisco Inc., Schaumbrug, IL, USA), Panavia F (Kuraray Medical Inc, Osaka, Japan), RelyX ARC (3M Dental Products, St. Paul, MN, USA), Bistite II DC (Tokuyama corp., Tokyo, Japan). Combination of each dentin adhesive and corresponding resin cement was made to 16 experimental groups.

Flat dentin surfaces was created on mid-coronal dentin of extracted mandibular third molars, then dentin surface was polished with 320-grit silicon carbide abrasive papers.

Indirect resin composite block (Tescera, Bisco) was fabricated. Its surface for bonding to tooth was polished with silicon carbide abrasive papers. Each dentin adhesive was treated on tooth surface and resin composite overlay were luted with each resin cement. Each bonded specimen was poured in epoxy resin and sectioned occluso-gingivally into 1.0 mm thick slab, then further sectioned into 1.0 × 1.0 mm² composite-dentin beams. Microtensile bond strength was tested at a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/min. The data were analysed by one-way ANOVA and Duncan's multiple comparison tests.

The results of this study were as follows;

2-step self-etching dentin adhesive which has additional bonding resin is more compatible than 1-step self-etching dentin adhesive.

Citations

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• Microtensile bond strength of resin inlay bonded to dentin treated with various temporary filling materials
  Tae-Woo Kim, Bin-Na Lee, Young-Jung Choi, So-Young Yang, Hoon-Sang Chang, Yun-Chan Hwang, In-Nam Hwang, Won-Mann Oh
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2011; 36(5): 419.     CrossRef
• Effect of the additional etching procedure on push-out bond strength of one-step resin cement
  Soon-Il Kang, Jeong-Kil Park, Bock Hur, Hyeon-Cheol Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2008; 33(5): 443.     CrossRef
• The study of shear bond strength of a self-adhesive resin luting cement to dentin
  Hee-Sun In, Jong-Il Park, Jong-In Choi, Hye-Won Cho, Jin-Keun Dong
  The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics.2008; 46(5): 535.     CrossRef
• Comparison of bond strength of a fiber post cemented with various resin cements
  Hyun-A Lee, Young-Gon Cho
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2008; 33(6): 499.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Temporary Filling Materials on The Adhesion between Dentin Adhesive-coated Surface and Resin Inlay
  Tae-Gun Kim, Kwang-Won Lee, Mi-Kyung Yu
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2008; 33(6): 553.     CrossRef
• The bonding durability of resin cements
  Min-Woo Cho, Sang-Hyuk Park, Jong-Ryul Kim, Kyoung-Kyu Choi
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2007; 32(4): 343.     CrossRef

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of increasing application time of single bottle adhesives (SBA) to microtensile bond strength (MTBS) of dried dentin. To expose the superficial dentin surfaces, human molars were sectioned perpendicular to the long axis of tooth. 32% phosphoric acid gels were applied for 15s and rinsed. The teeth were randomly assigned to 3 groups ; S group (Single Bond), O group (One-Step), P group (Prime & Bond NT). Each group was divided to 3 subgroups (W: dentin wipe with wet gauge and light cured immediately, D: dentin dried for 30s and light cured immediately, 30: dentin dried for 30s and light cured after applying SBA for 30s). Composite resin was built up on the dentin surface and sectioned to obtain 20 specimens with 1 mm² cross sectional area and the MTBS was measured.

For Single Bond, the mean MTBS of S-W and S-30 group were higher than that of S-D group statistically (P < 0.05). For One-Step, the mean MTBS of O-D group was statistically lower than that of O-W group (P < 0.05). For Prime & Bond NT, the mean MTBS of P-30 group was statistically lower than that of P-D group (P < 0.05).

This study compared the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of single step adhesives to different dentin depths.

Superficial or deep dentin was exposed in 30 molar teeth by sectioning immediately under the DEJ or 1.5 mm area from central pit, respectively. After polishing with 600-grit SiC paper, the dentin surfaces were assigned to three groups: AQ group-AQ Bond, L-Pop group-Adper Prompt L-Pop, Xeno group-Xeno III.

The bonded specimens were sectioned into sticks and subjected to µTBS testing with a crosshead speed of 1 mm/minute. The results of this study were as follows;

The µTBS to superficial dentin was higher than that to deep dentin in all group.

The µTBS of Xeno group was significantly higher than that of L-Pop group and AQ group in both superficial and deep dentin (p < 0.05).

This study compared the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of three single step adhesives to dentin.

Occlusal superficial dentin was exposed in fifteen human molars. They were assigned to three groups by used adhesives: Xeno group (Xeno III), Prompt group (Adper Prompt L-Pop), AQ group (AQ Bond).

Each adhesive was applied to dentin surface, and composite of same manufacturer was constructed. The bonded specimens were sectioned into sticks with an interface area approximately 1 mm², and subjected to µTBS testing with a crosshead speed of 1 mm/minute. The results of this study were as follows;

The µTBS to dentin was 48.78 ± 9.83 MPa for Xeno III, 30.22 ± 4.52 MPa for Adper Prompt L-Pop, and 26.31 ± 7.07 MPa for AQ Bond.

The mean µTBS of Xeno group was significantly higher than that of Prompt group and AQ group (p < 0.05).

There was no significant difference between the µTBS of Prompt group and AQ group.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of multiple application of all-in-one dentin adhesive system on microtensile bond strength to caries-affected dentin.

Twenty one extracted human molars with occlusal caries extending into mid-dentin were prepared by grinding the occlusal surface flat. The carious lesions were excavated with the aid of caries detector dye. The following adhesives were applied to caries-affected dentin according to manufacturer's directions; Scotchbond™ Multi-Purpose in SM group, Adper Prompt L-Pop™ 1 coat in LP1 group, 2 coats in LP2 group, 3 coats in LP3 group, Xeno® III 1 coat in XN1 group, 2 coats in XN2 group, and 3 coats in XN3 group. After application of the adhesives, a cylinder of resin-based composite was built up on the occlusal surface. Each tooth was sectioned vertically to obtain the 1 × 1 mm² sticks. The microtensile bond strength was determined. Each specimen was observed under SEM to examine the failure mode. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA.

The results of this study were as follows;

1. The microtensile bond strength values were; SM (14.38 ± 2.01 MPa), LP1 (9.15 ± 1.81 MPa), LP2 (14.08 ± 1.75 MPa), LP3 (14.06 ± 1.45 MPa), XN1 (13.65 ± 1.95 MPa), XN2 (13.98 ± 1.60 MPa), XN3 (13.88 ± 1.66 MPa). LP1 was significantly lower than the other groups in bond strength (p < 0.05). All groups except LP1 were not significantly different in bond strength (p > 0.05).

2. In LP1, there were a higher number of specimens showing adhesive failure. Most specimens of all groups except LP1 showed mixed failure.

This study compared the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) and microscopic change of two 2-step and two 1-step self-etching adhesives to dentin according to storage times in distilled water.

Occlusal dentin was exposed in 48 human molars. They were divided to four groups by different adhesives: SE Bond group (Clearfil SE Bond), AdheSE group (AdheSE), Adper group (Adper Prompt L-Pop), and Xeno group (Xeno III). Each group was stored in 37℃ distilled water for 1, 15, and 30 days.

Resin-bonded specimens were sectioned into beams and subjected to μTBS testing with a crosshead speed of 1 mm/minute. For SEM observation, one specimen was selected and sectioned in each group after each stroage time. Resin-dentin interface was observed under FE-SEM.

In all storage times, mean μTBS of SE group was significantly higher than those of other groups (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between mean μTBS of SE group and AdheSE group among all storage times, but significant difference between 1- and 30-day storage in mean μTBS of Adper group and Xeno group (p < 0.05). For 1-and 15-day storage, all groups showed the close adaptation between resin-dentin interfaces. For 30-day storage, resin-dentin interfaces showed wide gap in Adper group and separate pattern in Xeno III group.

Citations

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• Effect of a desensitizer on dentinal bond strength in cementation of composite resin inlay
  Sae-Hee Han, Young-Gon Cho
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2009; 34(3): 223.     CrossRef
• The effect of thermocycling on the durability of dentin adhesive systems
  Young-Hoon Moon, Jong-Ryul Kim, Kyung-Kyu Choi, Sang-Jin Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2007; 32(3): 222.     CrossRef

The purposes of this study were to evaluate the effect of adhesive property on microtensile bond strength and to determine the failure mode.

Flat occlusal dentin surfaces were prepared using low-speed diamond saw. The dentin was etched with 37% phosphoric acid. The following adhesives were applied to the etched dentin to manufacturer's directions; Scotchbond Multi-Purpose in group SM, Prime&Bond NT in group NT, Scotchbond Multi-Purpose followed by Tetric-flow in group TR. After adhesive application, a cylinder of resin-based composite was built up on the occlusal surface. Each tooth was sectioned vertically to obtain the 1 × 1mm² "sticks". Microtensile bond strength were determined. Each specimen was observed under stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) to examine the failure mode. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA.

The results of this study were as follows;

1. The microtensile bond strength value were; group SM (18.98 ± 3.01MPa), group NT (16.01 ± 4.82MPa) and group TR (17.56 ± 3.22MPa). No significant statistical differences were observed among the groups (P>0.05).

2. Most of specimens showed mixed failure. In group TR, there was a higher number of specimens showing areas of cohesive failure in resin.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the etching effects and bond strength of total etching and self-etching adhesive system on unground enamel using scanning electron microscopy and microtensile bond strength test.

The buccal coronal unground enamel from human extracted molars were prepared using low-speed diamond saw. Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (group SM), Clearfil SE Bond (group SE), or Adper Prompt L-Pop (group LP) were applied to the prepared teeth, and the blocks of resin composite (Filtek Z250) were built up incrementally. Resin tag formation was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, after removal of enamel surface by acid dissolution and dehydration. For microtensile bond strength test, resin-bonded teeth were sectioned to give a bonded surface area of 1mm². Microtensile bond strength test was perfomed.

The results of this study were as follows.

1. A definite etching pattern was observed in Scotchbond Multi-Purpose group.

2. Self-etching groups were characterized as shallow and irregular etching patterns.

3. The results (mean) of microtensile bond strength were SM; 26.55 MPa, SE; 18.15 MPa, LP; 15.57 MPa. SM had significantly higher microtensile bond strength than SE and PL (p < 0.05), but there was no significant differance between SE and PL.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  

• Physical properties of different self-adhesive resin cements and their shear bond strength on lithium disilicate ceramic and dentin
  Hye-Jin Shin, Chang-Kyu Song, Se-Hee Partk, Jin-Woo Kim, Kyung-Mo Cho
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2009; 34(3): 184.     CrossRef
• Effects of one or two applications of all-in-one adhesive on microtensile bond strength to unground enamel
  Chang-Yong Son, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Bock Hur, Jeong-Kil Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2006; 31(6): 445.     CrossRef

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of immediate or delayed composite resin filling on dentinal microtensile bond strength (µTBS) after applied the adhesive.

The coronal dentin of human third molars was exposed. Single-Bond or One-Step was applied on the dentin surfaces, and composite resin were constructed immediately (group 1) or 5 min., 10 min., 15 min., 20 min. and 30 min. (groups 2-6) after an adhesive was applied. The specimens were sectioned and made bar-shaped. Each surface area of them was about 1mm². The µTBS test was performed by EZ test. The results were analysed by One-way ANOVA and Tukey's test at 95% significance level.

The results suggested that the µTBS of Single-Bond to dentin was decreased when the composite resin was constructed 20 min. and 30 min. after Single-Bond was applied. But the µTBS of One-Step was not affected by delayed composite resin filling.

This study investigated that the effect of rewetting agent on dentinal microtensile bond strength (µTBS). Human molars were sectioned to expose the superficial dentin surfaces.

Samples were divided into two groups according to type of adhesives-Single Bond (S) and One-Step (O)], and again subdivided into five groups by different dentin surface treatment-dry for 15s (D), blot dry (BD) or dry for 15s, and rewet with different rewetting agents [distilled water (DW), Gluma Desensitizer (GD) and Aqua-Prep (AP)] for 30s. After application of adhesive, composite resin was built up on the bonding surface. Each tooth was sectioned to obtain stick with 1 mm² cross sectional area and the µTBS was determined by EZ test.

In the S group, the mean µTBS of GD, AP and BD group was significantly higher than that of DW and D group (p < 0.05). In the O group, the mean µTBS of AP, GD, BD and DW group was significantly higher than that of D group (p < 0.05).

The data suggested that Gluma Desensitizer and Aqua-Prep could be successfully used as rewetting agents, and Distilled water could be acceptable in aceton based adhesive system only.

This study evaluated the influence of application time of self-etching primers on microtensile bond strength (μTBS) to dentin using three self-etching primer adhesive systems.

Dentin surfaces were exposed from forty-eight human molars. They were conditioned with three self-etching primers (Clearfil SE Bond [SE], Unifil Bond [UF], Tyrian SPE + One Step Plus [TY]) and different primining times (10s, 20s, 30s and 40s). Composite resins were bonded to dentin surfaces and specimens were made. μTBS was tested and statistically compared using by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s Test.

The results of this study presented that priming time for 10s in SE and UF groups and for 30s and 40s in TY group was highly decreased μTBS to dentin.

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• The utility of dental health capacity of the first permanent molars as an oral health indicator among children and adolescents
  Sun-Ho Lee, Heung-Soo Lee, Hyo-Won Oh, Hyun-Jeong Ju, So-Young Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health.2015; 39(3): 174.     CrossRef
• Logistic regression analysis of factors affecting the survival of first molars in Korean adults
  Sung-Suk Chung, Jong-Bae Kim, Young-Sam Kim, Young-Ran Jung, Jin-Sil Hong, Ju-Yeon Kim, Kee-Wan Chang
  Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health.2015; 39(2): 88.     CrossRef
• Dental health capacity of the first permanent molars among children and adolescents in Korea for the year 2010
  Sun-Ho Lee, Hyun-Jeong Ju, So-Young Park, Hyo-Won Oh, Heung-Soo Lee
  Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health.2013; 37(2): 103.     CrossRef

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of multiple application of all-in-one dentin adhesive system on microtensile bond strength using confocal laser scanning microscope and microtensile bond strength test. Flat occlusal dentin surfaces were prepared using low-speed diamond saw. In group I, Scotchbond Multipurpose (SM) was applied by manufacturer’s recommendation. In group II, after Adper Prompt L-Pop was applied for 15s and light cured for 10s, the second coat was re-applied and light-cured. In group III, after light-curing the second layer, the third coat was re-applied and light-cured. Specimens bonded with a resin-composite were sectioned into resin-dentin stick for measuring the adhesive layer thickness by confocal laser scanning microscope and evaluating micro-tensile bond strength. The adhesive layers of three-step dentin adhesive system, 3 coats of Adper Prompt L-Pop had significantly thicker than SM, 2 coats of Adper Prompt L-Pop (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant differences in bond strengths between SM and 3 coats of Adper Prompt L-Pop (p > 0.05). And SM, 3 coats of Adper Prompt L-Pop had significantly higher than 2 coats of Adper Prompt L-Pop in bond strengths (p < 0.05).

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• Influence of application methods of one-step self-etching adhesives on microtensile bond strength
  Chul-Kyu Choi, Sung-Ae Son, Jin-Hee Ha, Bock Hur, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Yong-Hun Kwon, Jeong-Kil Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2011; 36(3): 203.     CrossRef

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between hybrid layer thickness and bond strength using confocal laser scanning microscope and microtensile bond strength test of two adhesive systems.

The dentin surface of human molars, sectioned to remove the enamel from the occlusal surface. Either Scotchbond Multi-Purpose(3M Dental Product, St. Paul, MN, U.S.A) or Clearfil SE Bond(Kuraray, Osaka, Japan) was bonded to the surface, and covered with resin-composite. The resin-bonded teeth were serially sliced perpendicular to the adhesive interface to measure the hybrid layer thickness by confocal laser scanning microscope. The specimen were trimmed to give a bonded cross-sectional surface area of 1mm², then the micro-tensile bone test was performed at a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/min. All fractured surfaces were also observed by stereomicroscope.

There was no significant differences in bond strengths the materials(p>0.05). However, the hybrid layers of three-step dentin adhesive system, SM, had significantly thicker than self-etching adhesive system, CS(p<0.05). Pearson's correlation coefficient showed no correlation between hybrid layer thickness and bond strengths(p>0.05). Bond strengths of dentin adhesive systems were not dependent on the thickness of hybrid layer.

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• Techniques for the restorative management of localized and generalized tooth wear
  Alex Milosevic
  Dental Update.2023; 50(10): 842.     CrossRef