Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics

Research Article

Analysis of the reciprocating kinematics of the VDW Silver Reciproc, E-Connect Pro, Ecom, and Endopen endodontic motors: an in vitro experimental study: Cristielly França, Juliana D. Bronzato, Dieimes Braambati, Adriana de-Jesus-Soares, Carla C. R. B. Félix, Michelle A. N. S. Ferreira, Marcos Frozoni; Received August 18, 2025 Accepted October 12, 2025 Published online January 20, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2026.51.e5 [Epub ahead of print]

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the actual parameters of four endodontic motors, each adjusted for reciprocating motion, and compare them to the manufacturers’ declared values.
Methods
The motors used were the VDW Silver Reciproc (VDW GmbH), E-Connect Pro (MK Life), Ecom (Woodpecker), and Endopen (Schuster Woodpecker). A custom optical target was attached to the motor contra-angle, the movements were recorded with a high-resolution camera, and the images were analyzed. Engagement, disengagement, net angles, and speed for each operation cycle, duration of clockwise (CW) and counter-clockwise (CCW) movement, duration of standstill after CW and CCW movement, and the number of cycles to complete a full rotation were analyzed. The data were statistically analyzed at a significance level of 5%. The replicability of all reciprocal parameters analyzed was statistically different from that reported by the manufacturers.
Results
There was no statistically significant difference between the VDW Silver Reciproc, Ecom, and Endopen for the engagement angle. The E-Connect Pro was the least reliable at the 150°/30° settings for both angle parameters. There was no significant difference between the set and actual cycle net angles for the VDW Silver Reciproc (p = 0.493). While the actual values for the Ecom and E-Connect Pro were significantly higher than the set (p < 0.001), the actual values for the Endopen were significantly lower than the set (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
Experiments on four commercially available reciprocating endodontic motors revealed that the actual motor values differed significantly from the set values.

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Case Report

Fifty-year follow-up of dens invaginatus treated by nonsurgical and surgical endodontic treatments: a case report: Qais Arow, Eyal Rosen, Galit Sela, Shlomo Elbahary, Igor Tsesis; Received April 9, 2025 Accepted August 26, 2025 Published online December 18, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2026.51.e1 [Epub ahead of print]

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: This case report presents a lateral maxillary incisor with dens invaginatus (DI) type IIIb that was treated both nonsurgically and surgically over 50 years. Treatment of teeth with DI can be challenging. Suggested options may include nonsurgical root canal treatment, endodontic surgery, or extraction. In this case report, a 13-year-old patient with a lateral maxillary incisor with DI type IIIb was treated by nonsurgical root canal treatment, modern endodontic surgery, and reoperation over the course of 50 years. There was complete healing at the last follow-up, 11 years after the reoperation. Correct diagnosis and proper treatment using modern endodontic techniques can enable teeth with DI to survive throughout the life span of the patient.

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Research Articles

Evaluation of platelet concentrates in regenerative endodontics: a systematic review and meta-analysis: Anna Tsiolaki, Dimitrios Theocharis, Nikolaos Tsitsipas, Anastasia Fardi, Konstantinos Kodonas; Restor Dent Endod 2025;50(4):e38. Published online November 28, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2025.50.e38

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub: Objectives
The aim of this systematic review is to compare the effectiveness of advanced platelet concentrates as regenerative endodontic therapeutic alternatives to blood clot (BC) revascularization in immature permanent necrotic teeth.
Methods
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing regenerative endodontic therapies using platelet-rich plasma (PRP), platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), or platelet pellet (PP) with the BC revascularization approach in immature permanent necrotic teeth were systematically searched in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science until May 2025. Data was extracted and analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. A meta-analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS software (version 29.0), with success rates expressed as risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results
The initial search yielded 4,917 studies. After removing duplicates and applying eligibility criteria, 15 RCTs were included. Meta-analysis indicated no significant difference in the risk ratio (RR), as the BC method has similar success rates with PRP (10 studies; RR = 1.01; 95% CI, 0.94–1.09; p = 0.76) and PRF (8 studies; RR = 0.98; 95% CI, 0.89–1.08; p = 0.65) at 12 months. The primary outcomes evaluated were based on clinical and radiographic success.
Conclusions
Current evidence suggests PRP, PRF, and BC are all effective in treating immature permanent necrotic teeth with similar success rates. However, further research is needed to assess long-term outcomes.

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In vitro experimental study comparing continuous and intermittent irrigation protocols: influence of sodium hypochlorite volume and contact time on tissue dissolution: Alfredo Iandolo, Dina Abdellatif, Davide Mancino, Gwenael Rolin, Camille Coussens, Aurelian Louvrier, Felipe G Belladonna, Edouard Euvrard, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da Silva; Restor Dent Endod 2025;50(4):e36. Published online October 15, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2025.50.e36

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate whether continuous irrigation with larger volumes or allowing sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) resting time is more critical for pulp tissue dissolution using a controlled artificial root canal system.
Methods
A three-dimensional printed artificial root canal with a lateral canal in the apical third was fabricated. Standardized bovine pulp tissue specimens were inserted, and three irrigation protocols were tested: group A (continuous NaOCl irrigation at 1 mL/min via syringe pump), group B (intermittent NaOCl irrigation with 0.1 mL and a 3-minute resting period), and group C (control, saline irrigation). The time for complete dissolution and the total NaOCl volume were recorded.
Results
Complete dissolution occurred in groups A and B, with significant differences in NaOCl volume and time (p < 0.05). In group A, complete dissolution was consistently observed after the 6th irrigation cycle, corresponding to a total NaOCl volume of 6.0 ± 0.66 mL per test. The average time required for complete dissolution in this group was 6 ± 0.66 minutes. In group B, complete dissolution occurred after the 4th cycle, with a total NaOCl volume of 0.4 ± 0.06 mL per test and a mean dissolution time of 12.6 ± 1.8 minutes.
Conclusions
NaOCl volume and exposure time significantly influence pulp tissue dissolution.

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Case Report

Multidisciplinary management of an endo-perio lesion complicated by a cemental tear: a case report: Nishanth D. Sadhak, Akshaya Pallod, Shreyas Oza; Restor Dent Endod 2025;50(3):e31. Published online August 22, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2025.50.e31

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Endodontic-periodontal lesions (EPLs) complicated by cemental tears present a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. This case report describes the successful management of a 66-year-old male patient with a mandibular second molar (#18) exhibiting an EPL complicated by a cemental tear. Clinical examination revealed a draining sinus tract, deep periodontal pockets, and radiographic evidence of a “J-shaped” lesion and a radiopaque cemental fragment. The tooth had previously initiated endodontic treatment. A multidisciplinary approach involving endodontic treatment and surgical removal of the cemental tear was implemented. At 24-month follow-up, clinical and radiographic examination revealed significant improvement in periodontal health, bone regeneration, and resolution of the lesion. This case highlights the importance of considering cemental tears in the differential diagnosis of EPLs and demonstrates the efficacy of a combined endodontic-periodontal approach for achieving predictable outcomes.

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Research Articles

Isolating design variables by assessing the impact of cross-section geometry on the mechanical performance of nickel-titanium rotary instruments: a comparative in vitro study: Anne Rafaella Tenório Vieira, Guilherme Ferreira da Silva, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da Silva, Rodrigo Ricci Vivan, João Vitor Oliveira de Amorim, Thaine Oliveira Lima, Raimundo Sales de Oliveira Neto, Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte, Murilo Priori Alcalde; Restor Dent Endod 2025;50(3):e28. Published online July 24, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2025.50.e28

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Objectives
This study aimed to assess the effect of cross-section geometry on the mechanical properties of nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments by comparing two instruments with identical tip size, taper, and thermal treatment but differing in cross-section design.
Methods
One hundred four NiTi rotary instruments, being S-shaped and triangular cross-section, manufactured with Blueish thermal treatment, were tested (n = 52 per group). Differential scanning calorimetry was employed, and the metal mass volume and cross-section area were assessed. The cyclic fatigue, torsional, and bending resistance tests were assessed. Data were analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Student t tests, and the level of significance was set at 5%.
Results
The instruments exhibited similar start and finish temperatures of phase transformation. The S-shaped instruments had significantly lower metal mass volume and cross-sectional area (p < 0.05). S-shaped instruments demonstrated superior cyclic fatigue resistance, greater angular deflection, and lower bending stiffness (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
Cross-section geometry significantly influences the mechanical properties of NiTi rotary instruments.

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Calcium silicate-based sealers remnants in isthmuses of mesial roots of mandibular molars: an in vitro evaluation: David Saldanha de Brito Alencar, Ana Cristina Padilha Janini, Lauter Eston Pelepenko, Brenda Fornazaro Moraes, Francisco Haiter Neto, Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte, Marina Angélica Marciano; Restor Dent Endod 2025;50(3):e25. Published online July 15, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2025.50.e25

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Objectives
Endodontic retreatment aims to address treatment failure through the removal of root canal filling materials. This in vitro study evaluated the presence of filling material remnants in the mesial root canals, specifically focusing on the isthmuses, of mandibular molars after retreatment.
Methods
One hundred extracted mandibular molar mesial roots with isthmuses were prepared with an R25 file, obturated with one of five calcium silicate-based sealers (BioRoot RCS [Septodont], MTApex [Ultradent Products Inc.], EndoSequence BC Sealer HiFlow [Brasseler USA], Bio-C Sealer [Angelus]) or an epoxy resin-based sealer (AH Plus Jet [Dentsply Maillefer]), all stained with rhodamine B, and stored at 37ºC for 30 days to allow for setting. Retreatment was subsequently performed using R40 and XP-endo Finisher R instruments (FKG Dentaire) with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite irrigation. The presence of remaining filling material was then assessed using confocal microscopy, and setting times were tested per ISO 6876:2012.
Results
AH Plus Jet showed the most remnants at 2 mm and the longest retreatment time. Calcium silicate-based sealers exhibited prolonged setting times under dry conditions, with EndoSequence BC Sealer HiFlow showing a particularly extended setting period.
Conclusions
Despite retreatment, residues remained in all canals and isthmus regions, particularly Bio-C Sealer and AH Plus Jet in apical areas, emphasizing the difficulty of complete removal and the persistence of filling material.

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Analysis of thermal profiles on tooth structure and insert during one-piece or adapter-coupled ultrasonic insert use: an in vitro experimental study: Gabriela Loewen Brotto, Bruno Monguilhott Crozeta, Bruno Marques-da-Silva, Alysson Nunes Diógenes, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da Silva, Flávia Sens Fagundes Tomazinho; Restor Dent Endod 2025;50(3):e24. Published online July 11, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2025.50.e24

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Objectives
This in vitro study aimed to evaluate temperature variation on the external surface of mandibular molars and within ultrasonic inserts when using adapter-coupled versus one-piece inserts.
Methods
Twenty-four extracted human mandibular molars were divided into two groups based on the type of ultrasonic insert used: adapter-coupled and one-piece inserts. Temperature on the external surface of each tooth was measured with a thermocouple probe positioned in the furcation area, capturing data continuously. The temperature of the ultrasonic inserts was monitored in real-time using a thermal imaging camera. Measurements were taken in a controlled environment without cooling for over 120 seconds. Statistical analysis was conducted using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and two-way ANOVA with repeated measures to evaluate temperature variations between groups and over time, with significance set at 5%.
Results
In the external tooth surface temperature measurements, no significant differences were observed between the groups during the initial 15 seconds (p = 0.185) and 30 seconds (p = 0.067). However, significant differences emerged at 60 seconds (p = 0.025), 90 seconds (p = 0.024), and 120 seconds (p = 0.020), with the one-piece insert group demonstrating higher temperatures in the furcation region. Thermal imaging of the inserts revealed a significant difference at all time points (p < 0.001), with adapter-coupled inserts showing greater heating.
Conclusions
The use of ultrasonic inserts leads to a gradual rise in temperature on the external tooth surface. One-piece inserts generated higher temperatures on the tooth, while adapter-coupled inserts exhibited greater heating within the insert.

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Cleaning protocols to enhance bond strength of fiberglass posts on root canals filled with bioceramic sealer: an in vitro comparative study: Thiago Bessa Marconato Antunes, Juliana Delatorre Bronzato, Joice Graciani, Ana Cristina Padilha Janini, Rocharles Cavalcante Fontenele, Francisco Haiter Neto, Brenda Paula Figueiredo de Almeida Gomes, Marina Angélica Marciano da Silva; Restor Dent Endod 2025;50(2):e20. Published online May 21, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2025.50.e20

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate whether the agitation protocols using ultrasonic inserts or the XP-endo Finisher R file improved the removal of two different endodontic sealer remnants and the bond strength of fiberglass posts to dentin.
Methods
Seventy-two human teeth were selected. The canals were prepared with Reciproc 50 and Easy ProDesign 30/.10 and root filled according to the endodontic sealer groups: AH Plus or EndoSequence BC Sealer HiFlow. The samples were kept at 37ºC and 95% humidity for 28 days. During the post space preparation, the obturation was removed with Largo burs, and the groups were divided according to the irrigant agitation protocols (n = 12): no agitation, agitation with R1-Clearsonic associated with E1-Irrisonic ultrasonic inserts, or agitation with XP-endo Finisher R file. The fiberglass posts were cemented with RelyX ARC. The roots were sectioned into slices and submitted to the push-out test. Micro-computed tomography analysis was used to check the effectiveness of irrigating solution agitation in the elimination of remnants.
Results
The cleaning protocols with agitation were more effective in increasing the bond strength of posts to dentin for both sealer groups compared to non-agitation (p < 0.05). There was no difference between the same cleaning protocols for the different sealers. Among the different thirds, there was no statistical difference for the same sealer in the different cleaning protocols (p > 0.05).
Conclusions
Both agitation protocols effectively clean root-filled canals sealed with resin-based and calcium silicate-based sealers during fiberglass post space preparation. These protocols result in improved bond strength compared to non-agitation methods.

Citations

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Cleaning efficacy and bond interaction of glycine-based air polishing and glass microparticles abrasion on dentin impregnated with premixed bioceramic sealer
Ândresson Aurélio Fernandes Martins, Maria Carolina Sidonio Alves, Bruno Martins Maciel, José Rodolfo Estruc Verbicário, João Felipe Besegato, Wilfredo Gustavo Escalante-Otárola, Milton Carlos Kuga
International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives.2026; 147: 104277. CrossRef

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Impact of the use of high-power 810-nm diode laser as monotherapy on the clinical and tomographic success of the treatment of teeth with periapical lesions: an observational clinical study: Fabricio Hinojosa Pedraza, Abel Victor Isidro Teves-Cordova, Murilo Priori Alcalde, Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte; Restor Dent Endod 2025;50(2):e15. Published online May 15, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2025.50.e15

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives
The aim of this study was to demonstrate the impact of a high-power 810-nm diode laser as monotherapy on the clinical and tomographic success of treating teeth with periapical lesions, through a series of 31 cases.
Methods
Teeth with apical lesions underwent endodontic treatment in which a high-power 810-nm diode laser with saline solution was used as monotherapy for disinfection. This type of therapy aimed to replace the traditional irrigation protocol with sodium hypochlorite. This research is the first to assess the clinical success of this alternative treatment, along with tomographic evaluations conducted over periods ranging from 2 to 7 years, analyzed using the periapical index based on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCTPAI). All cases were performed by a single clinician following the same laser protocol, which involved using 1 W of continuous power and four cycles of 20 seconds of laser activation.
Results
All teeth showed no clinical symptoms upon follow-up examination. However, the tomographic evaluation revealed that the success rates for teeth receiving primary treatment were 60% and 80% according to strict and loose criteria, respectively. For teeth requiring retreatment, the success rates were 12.5% and 37.5% using strict and loose criteria, respectively.
Conclusions
The teeth with apical lesions that underwent primary treatment did not present clinical symptoms, but they showed a moderate success rate on tomographic evaluation. However, despite lacking clinical symptoms, teeth with apical lesions that required retreatment had a very low success rate on tomographic evaluation.

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Diode Laser-Guided Protocol for Endo-Perio Lesions: Toward a Multi-Stage Therapeutic Strategy—A Case Series and Brief Literature Review
Ioana-Roxana Munteanu, George-Dumitru Constantin, Ruxandra-Elena Luca, Ioana Veja, Mariana-Ioana Miron
Medicina.2025; 61(12): 2157. CrossRef

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Bibliometric analysis of the GentleWave system: trends, collaborations, and research gaps: Raimundo Sales de Oliveira Neto, Thais de Moraes Souza, João Vitor Oliveira de Amorim, Thaine Oliveira Lima, Guilherme Ferreira da Silva, Rodrigo Ricci Vivan, Murilo Priori Alcalde, Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte; Restor Dent Endod 2025;50(2):e17. Published online May 12, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2025.50.e17

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Objectives
The study aimed to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the GentleWave system (Sonendo, Inc.).
Methods
An electronic search was conducted in June 2024 using the Web of Science Collection database. Two reviewers independently screened publications, extracting data on authorship, publication details, study design, and citation metrics. Statistical analyses were performed in R to assess variable correlations, while the VOSviewer (Visualization of Similarities Viewer) software was used to map author and keyword networks.
Results
The search yielded 47 records, with 32 studies included. Publications spanned 2014 to 2024. The Journal of Endodontics published the highest number of studies (n = 15), and the International Endodontic Journal had the highest impact factor (5.4). The University of British Columbia and Sonendo, Inc. were the most frequent affiliations. Among the 32 articles, 28 were in vitro studies, primarily focusing on microbiology (n = 9). A total of 95 authors were identified, with Haapasalo and Shen being the most cited (n = 229). The articles accumulated 495 citations, demonstrating a strong positive correlation between the number of studies and citation counts (r = 0.98).
Conclusions
The analysis highlights a predominance of in vitro studies. Geographic concentration in the United States and Canada limits diversity, while the strong correlation between study numbers and citations suggests that increased publication volume enhances visibility.

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Three-year Outcomes of Conventional Versus Minimally Invasive Endodontic Treatment Protocols: A Retrospective Study
Kiavash Hossini, He Liu, Ya Shen, Jolanta Aleksejuniene, Fahda Algahtani, Ahmed Hieawy
Journal of Endodontics.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

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The effect of limonene extract on the adhesion of different endodontic cements to root dentin: an in vitro experimental study: Nayara Lima Ferraz Aguiar, Eduardo José Soares, Guilherme Nilson Alves dos Santos, Anna Luísa Araújo Pimenta, Laryssa Karla Romano, Ricardo Gariba Silva, Fernanda de Carvalho Panzeri; Restor Dent Endod 2025;50(2):e16. Published online May 12, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2025.50.e16

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Objectives
The study aimed to evaluate the effect of limonene extract (LE) on push-out bond strength (BS) to root dentin in endodontically treated teeth.
Methods
Single-rooted teeth were selected and instrumented using the reciprocating technique, then divided into three groups based on the final irrigating solution: 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and 5% LE. The roots were further divided (n = 12) and obturated using the single-cone technique with epoxy resin-based (ERB) or bioceramic sealer (Bio-C). After 3 days, the roots were sectioned into 2-mm slices, obtaining two slices from each root third. Push-out BS testing was conducted at 0.5 mm/min, followed by failure pattern and adhesive interface analysis using scanning electron microscopy. Push-out BS data were analyzed by three-way analysis of variance and Tukey post-hoc test (p < 0.05).
Results
ERB showed higher BS when irrigated with EDTA (5.0 ± 2.3 MPa) compared to NaOCl (1.8 ± 1.1 MPa) (p = 0.0005), particularly in the cervical third. LE yielded intermediate values without significant differences from the other irrigants (3.5 ± 1.9 MPa) (p > 0.05). For Bio-C, the highest BS was observed in the apical third, especially with LE (9.4 ± 5.0 MPa), differing from other thirds and final irrigating solutions (p < 0.05). Mixed failure patterns were most prevalent, regardless of the irrigant solutions.
Conclusions
The combination of LE with Bio-C demonstrated superior BS in the apical third, suggesting its potential as a final irrigating solution in endodontic treatments.

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Evaluation of the effects of different file systems and apical functions of integrated endodontic motors on debris extrusion: an ex vivo experimental study: Sıla Nur Usta, Antonio Magan-Fernandez, Cumhur Aydın; Restor Dent Endod 2025;50(2):e14. Published online April 14, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2025.50.e14

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of two different file systems operated with three apical functions of an endodontic motor integrated with an electronic apex locator on debris extrusion.
Methods
Sixty single-rooted teeth were prepared and divided into two main groups and three subgroups based on the file system (OneShape [Micro-Mega SA] and WaveOne [Dentsply Maillefer]) and apical function of the endodontic motor used (auto apical stop [AAS], auto apical reverse [AAR], and auto apical slowdown [ASD]). The teeth were mounted in pre-weighed glass tubes filled with 0.9% sodium chloride to complete the circuit with the apex locator. Files were advanced until the respective apical function (stop, reverse, or slowdown) was activated. The extruded debris was collected, dried, and weighed by subtracting pre-weighed values from post-weighed values. Preparation time was also recorded. Statistical analyses were performed to compare the groups.
Results
OneShape was associated with significantly less debris extrusion compared to WaveOne, regardless of the apical function (p < 0.05). The ASD function resulted in the least debris extrusion compared to AAS and AAR (p < 0.05). Preparation time was significantly longer in the ASD function (p < 0.05), while no differences were observed between the file systems (p > 0.05).
Conclusions
The OneShape file system and the ASD function produced the least amount of apical debris. While the ASD function requires more preparation time, its potential to minimize debris extrusion suggests it may reduce postoperative symptoms.

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Inflammatory Mediator Levels and Postoperative Pain Following Root Canal Shaping with Different Apical Actions: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Mustafa Mert Tulgar, Yağmur Kılıç, Oğuz Karalar, Huriye Erbak Yılmaz, Emrah Karataşlıoğlu
Journal of Endodontics.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

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Case Reports

Surgical management of maxillary sinusitis of endodontic origin after reestablishing maxillary sinus floor healing through a nonsurgical approach: a case report: Eun-Sook Kang, Min-Kyeong Kim, Mi-Kyung Yu, Kyung-San Min; Restor Dent Endod 2025;50(2):e12. Published online April 8, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2025.50.e12

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: When root canal infections breach the maxillary sinus floor (MSF), maxillary sinusitis of endodontic origin (MSEO) can result. This case illustrates the surgical management of MSEO following the nonsurgical reestablishment of the MSF. A 55-year-old woman presented with left facial pain and was diagnosed with MSEO originating from the left upper first molar. Despite undergoing nonsurgical root canal treatment, there was no evidence of bony healing after 6 months. However, cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) scans revealed the reestablishment of MSF. Subsequently, surgical intervention was carried out using a dental operating microscope. Two years after surgery, CBCT images indicated that the mucosal edema had resolved, and the MSF was well reestablished. Preserving the MSF is crucial for the success of endodontic surgery. When MSEO is present, the integrity of the MSF must be assessed to determine appropriate treatment options.

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Guided endodontics, precision and predictability: a case series of mineralized anterior teeth with follow-up cone-beam computed tomography: Rafael Fernández-Grisales, Wilder Javier Rojas-Gutierrez, Pamela Mejía, Carolina Berruecos-Orozco, Néstor Ríos-Osorio; Restor Dent Endod 2025;50(1):e4. Published online January 6, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2025.50.e4

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Pulp chamber and root canal obliteration (PCO/RCO) presents a challenge for clinicians when nonsurgical endodontic treatment is indicated. Guided endodontics (GE) aims to precisely locate the root canal (RC) system while preserving as much pericervical dentin as possible. GE involves integrating cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) of the affected tooth with a digital impression of the maxillary/mandibular arch, allowing for careful planning of the drilling path to the RC system through a three-dimensional (3D) static guide. This article reports four cases of teeth with PCO/RCO, accompanied by additional diagnoses of internal and external root resorption and horizontal tooth fracture, all successfully treated with GE. These cases highlight the clinical and radiographic success of GE treatments using CBCT, establishing this technique as a predictable approach for managing mineralized teeth.

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Review Article

Success rate of direct pulp capping on permanent teeth using bioactive materials: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials: Karem Paula Pinto, Gabriela Ribeiro da Silva, Cláudio Malizia Alves Ferreira, Luciana Moura Sassone, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da Silva; Restor Dent Endod 2024;49(4):e34. Published online September 6, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e34

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the success rate of direct pulp capping (DPC) on permanent teeth, comparing the use of MTA with calcium hydroxide and calcium silicate-based cements. A systematic search was carried out in 4 databases until July 2023. The selection was based on PICOS criteria and only randomized clinical trials were included. The risk of bias was assessed using RoB-2 tool, and meta-analyses were performed using RevMan 5.3 software. The overall quality of evidence was determined using the GRADE tool. Thirteen studies were included. Meta-analyses indicated significantly higher success rate for DPC using MTA compared to calcium hydroxide, while no significant difference was observed between MTA and Biodentine, showing a success rate from 80% to 100% even after 3 years of follow-up. Five studies were classified as having high risk of bias and the GRADE assessment revealed low certainty of evidence. DPC is highly effective for permanent teeth when using MTA or Biodentine. There is a need for future well-designed randomized clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy of DPC using newer bioceramic materials.

Citations

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Physicochemical effects of nano type-B bone substitute on pulp protective cement formulations
Njwan Fadhel SHEHAB
Dental Materials Journal.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Photobiomodulation-assisted pulp capping using nano-hydroxyapatite and mineral trioxide aggregate: Report of two cases
Priya Pal, Rhythm Bains, Promila Verma, Vivek Kumar Bains
Journal of Healthcare Research and Education.2026; 2: 2. CrossRef
Indian Association of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics consensus statement on deep caries management
Deepak Kumar Sharma, R. S. Mohan Kumar, Shishir Singh, Suparna Ganguly Saha, Meenal Nithin Gulve, Dipali Y. Shah, Sathish Abraham, Shruthi Nagaraja, Raksha Bhat
Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.2025; 28(8): 714. CrossRef

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Research Articles

Endodontic characteristics of mandibular premolar with dens evaginatus: a retrospective study: Minjin Kim, Sujin Jeon, Min-Seock Seo; Restor Dent Endod 2024;49(3):e28. Published online July 11, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e28

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This study aimed to investigate the endodontic characteristics of mandibular premolars with dens evaginatus (DE) that require endodontic treatment.

Materials and Methods

Patients who underwent endodontic treatment were enrolled. The inclusion criteria were patients who underwent root canal treatment in the lower permanent teeth with DE and were followed up for at least 1 year. Preoperative clinical and radiographic variables were obtained. The frequency distribution of the preoperative variables was compared using the χ² or Fisher’s exact tests. The significance of the change in periapical health index (PAI) and root development stages before and after treatment was examined using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.

Results

A total of 150 teeth of 134 patients with an average age of 15.3 years were included. The percentage distribution comparison of the preoperative variables and obturation techniques revealed significant differences in pulpal and periapical diagnosis, and percussion, and especially regarding age, root development stage, and PAI. Age was the only statistically significant preoperative variable associated with root growth (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Approximately, 60% of DEs requiring endodontic treatment had immature roots. Age being the most significant predisposing factor, early treatment provides the greatest opportunity for full root development.

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A tooth with multiple supernumerary cusps and taurodontism concurrently accompanied with other taurodont teeth: a rare case report
Zihui Tang, Hongchen Zhang, Rongrong Dang, Qiushi Zhang, Yan Huang, Yanwei Yang
Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

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1 Web of Science
1 Crossref

Procedural errors detected by cone beam tomography in cases with indication for retreatment: in vivo cross-sectional study: Henry Paul Valverde Haro, Carmen Rosa Garcia Rupaya, Flávio R. F. Alves; Restor Dent Endod 2024;49(3):e26. Published online June 24, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e26

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This study aimed to investigate the frequency and type of endodontic procedural errors in cases indicated for retreatment through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis.

Materials and Methods

The sample consisted of 96 CBCT scans, encompassing 122 permanent teeth with fully formed roots. Errors included perforation, instrument fracture, canal transportation, missed canals, and inadequate apical limit of filling. Additionally, potential risk factors were analyzed and subjected to statistical modeling.

Results

The most frequent procedural error observed was the inadequate apical limit of filling, followed by canal transportation, perforation, missed canal, and instrument fracture. Statistically significant associations were identified between various procedural errors and specific factors. These include canal transportation and root canal wall, with the buccal wall being the most commonly affected; missed canal and tooth type, particularly the palatine and second mesiobuccal canal canals; inadequate apical limit of filling and root curvature, showing a higher deviation to the mesial direction in severely curved canals; inadequate apical limit of filling and the presence of calcifications, with underfilling being the most frequent; canal transportation and periapical lesion, notably with deviation to the buccal direction; and the direction of perforation and periapical lesion, most frequently occurring to buccal direction.

Conclusions

CBCT emerges as a valuable tool in identifying procedural errors and associated factors, crucial for their prevention and management.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Repair of furcal perforations using different calcium silicate cements: An in vitro study
Ariana Esperanza Apolo Aguilar, Maria Soledad Peñaherrera Manosalvas, Henry Paul Valverde Haro
Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.2025; 28(10): 1007. CrossRef
Impact of Downward Load and Rotational Kinematics on Root Canal Instrumentation with a Heat-Treated Nickel–Titanium Rotary Instrument
Risako Yamamoto, Keiichiro Maki, Shunsuke Kimura, Satoshi Omori, Keiko Hirano, Arata Ebihara, Yoshio Yahata, Takashi Okiji
Materials.2025; 19(1): 108. CrossRef
ANALYSIS OF THE QUALITY OF ROOT CANAL OBTURATION AND PREVALENCE OF APICAL PERIODONTITIS IN ENDODONTICALLY TREATED TEETH
Cristina Coralia Nistor, Ioana Suciu , Elena Zabrac , Ruxandra Ioana Bartok , Bogdan Dimitriu , Andreea Baluta
Romanian Journal of Oral Rehabilitation.2024; 16(4): 311. CrossRef

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106 Download
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3 Crossref

Color stability and solubility of Biodentine and NeoPutty in contact with different irrigation solutions: Sıla Nur Usta, Cangül Keskin; Restor Dent Endod 2024;49(3):e25. Published online June 19, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e25

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the color stability and solubility of Biodentine and NeoPutty in contact with different irrigation solutions.
Materials and Methods
Biodentine and NeoPutty were set in cylindrical molds with 7 mm diameter and 1.5 mm high and immersed in distilled water, 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), 9% 1-hydroxyethylidene 1,1-diphosphonate (HEDP), and 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solutions for 24 hours. The color change was measured with a spectrophotometer. The solubility values were calculated as the mass loss was expressed as a percentage of the original mass using an analytical balance with 10⁻⁴ g accuracy. Data were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis followed by Mann-Whitney U tests, and 2-way analysis of variance test followed by Bonferroni corrections for pairwise comparisons for solubility and color stability with a 5% significance threshold, respectively.
Results
Biodentine exhibited higher color changes compared to the NeoPutty contact with all solutions except distilled water (p < 0.05). Both hydraulic cements (HCs) showed higher discoloration values immersion in CHX followed by NaOCl. No statistically significant difference was found between Biodentine and NeoPutty regardless of irrigation solution in terms of solubility (p > 0.05). Solubility values were lower in the distilled water group compared to EDTA and CHX (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
Tested HCs showed solubility and color changes at various rates. NeoPutty could be an appropriate material in aesthetic areas. The usage of HEDP as an irrigant solution can be considered suitable for various endodontic treatments due to its relatively lower solubility and discoloration values.

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150 Download

Review Articles

The prevalence of apical periodontitis in patients prior to hematopoietic cell transplantation: a systematic review: Letícia Tainá de Oliveira Lemes, Carolina Horn Troian-Michel, Theodoro Weissheimer, Marcus Vinicius Reis Só; Restor Dent Endod 2024;49(2):e22. Published online May 9, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e22

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub: Objectives
This systematic review addressed the question: “What is the prevalence of apical periodontitis in patients prior to hematopoietic cell transplantation?”
Materials and Methods
A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Grey Literature Report. Eligibility criteria were based on the condition, content, and population strategy: the condition was the radiographic prevalence of apical periodontitis, the content comprised patients scheduled for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and the population consisted of adult and pediatric patients. The revised Risk of Bias in Nonrandomized Studies of Exposure tool was used to assess the quality of studies. The Grading Recommendations Assessments, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tool was used to assess the quality of evidence.
Results
Eight studies were included in this review. The average number of patients with apical periodontitis was 15.65% (range, 2.1%–43.34%). One study was classified as having a very high risk of bias, 1 with a high risk of bias, and 6 with some concern for bias. GRADE analysis showed a very low certainty of evidence. Significant limitations concerning the absence of control over confounding variables were identified.
Conclusions
With the caveat of the very low quality of evidence in the studies reviewed, there was a low to moderate prevalence of apical periodontitis in patients prior to undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation.

1,929 View
50 Download

Cone-beam computed tomography in endodontics: from the specific technical considerations of acquisition parameters and interpretation to advanced clinical applications: Néstor Ríos-Osorio, Sara Quijano-Guauque, Sandra Briñez-Rodríguez, Gustavo Velasco-Flechas, Antonieta Muñoz-Solís, Carlos Chávez, Rafael Fernandez-Grisales; Restor Dent Endod 2024;49(1):e1. Published online December 11, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e1

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

The implementation of imaging methods that enable sensitive and specific observation of anatomical structures has been a constant in the evolution of endodontic therapy. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) enables 3-dimensional (3D) spatial anatomical navigation in the 3 volumetric planes (sagittal, coronal and axial) which translates into great accuracy for the identification of endodontic pathologies/conditions. CBCT interpretation consists of 2 main components: (i) the generation of specific tasks of the image and (ii) the subsequent interpretation report. A systematic and reproducible method to review CBCT scans can improve the accuracy of the interpretation process, translating into greater precision in terms of diagnosis and planning of endodontic clinical procedures. MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, Google Scholar, Embase and Scopus were searched from inception to March 2023. This narrative review addresses the theoretical concepts, elements of interpretation and applications of the CBCT scan in endodontics. In addition, the contents and rationale for reporting 3D endodontic imaging are discussed.

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Comparative Evaluation of the Accuracy of Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Radiographic Assessment of Bony Defects Before and After Endodontic Surgery
Aishwarya Talakeri, Pravin Kumar, Soundharrajan P, Vinay Kumar Chugh , Rajat Sharma, Arun Patnana
Cureus.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Evaluation of Maxillary Sinus Pathologies in Children and Adolescents with Cleft Lip and Palate Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography: A Retrospective Study
Ayşe Çelik, Nilüfer Ersan, Senem Selvi-Kuvvetli
The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Machine Learning Models in the Detection of MB2 Canal Orifice in CBCT Images
Shishir Shetty, Meliz Yuvali, Ilker Ozsahin, Saad Al-Bayatti, Sangeetha Narasimhan, Mohammed Alsaegh, Hiba Al-Daghestani, Raghavendra Shetty, Renita Castelino, Leena R David, Dilber Uzun Ozsahin
International Dental Journal.2025; 75(3): 1640. CrossRef
Early diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia utilizing clinical, radiographic, and dental age indicators
Rehab F Ghouraba, Shaimaa S. EL-Desouky, Mohamed R. El-Shanshory, Ibrahim A. Kabbash, Nancy M. Metwally
Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Tomographic evaluation of apexogenesis with human treated dentin matrix in young permanent molars: a split-mouth randomized controlled clinical trial
Nora M. Abo Shanady, Nahed A. Abo Hamila, Gamal M. El Maghraby, Rehab F. Ghouraba
BMC Oral Health.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
The Integration of Cone Beam Computed Tomography, Artificial Intelligence, Augmented Reality, and Virtual Reality in Dental Diagnostics, Surgical Planning, and Education: A Narrative Review
Aida Meto, Gerta Halilaj
Applied Sciences.2025; 15(11): 6308. CrossRef
Healing Outcomes of Through‐And‐Through Bone Defects in Periapical Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Bibi Fatima, Farhan Raza Khan, Syeda Abeerah Tanveer
Australian Endodontic Journal.2025; 51(2): 518. CrossRef
Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of cone beam computed tomography on exfoliated epithelial cells in different age groups
Maged Bakr, Fatma Ata, Asmaa Saleh Elmahdy, Bassant Mowafey
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Bridging the gap in aberrant root canal systems: Case series
Seethalakshmi Tamizhselvan, Diana Davidson, Srinivasan Manali Ramakrishnan
Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.2025; 28(8): 833. CrossRef
IMAGING TECHNIQUES IN ENDODONTIC DIAGNOSIS: A REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Mihaela Salceanu, Anca Melian , Tudor Hamburda , Cristina Antohi , Corina Concita , Claudiu Topoliceanu , Cristian Levente Giuroiu
Romanian Journal of Oral Rehabilitation.2025; 17(1): 705. CrossRef
A Three-rooted Deciduous Second Molar in a 13-year-old Caucasian Female
Daniel Traub, Robert Walsh, Colleen Ahern
International Journal of Medical Case Reports.2025; 4(3): 51. CrossRef
Critical success factors for digital transformation in government organizations using a structural model approach
Abdalla Al Maazmi, Zehra Canan Araci, Sujan Piya
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AGE ESTIMATION BASED ON PULP / TOOTH VOLUME BY CONE BEAM COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY IMAGE
Ramadhan Rasheed, Salah Faraj
BULLETIN OF STOMATOLOGY AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY.2025; : 288. CrossRef
Clinical Benefits and Limitations of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in Endodontic Practice: A Contemporary Evidence-Based Review
Jasmine Wong, Chengfei Zhang, Angeline Hui Cheng Lee
Diagnostics.2025; 15(24): 3117. CrossRef
On the Causes of Persistent Apical Periodontitis. Findings From Endodontic Microsurgery: A Case Report
Mateo José Pesántez-Ibarra, Carolina Berruecos-Orozco, Jeimmy Katherine Molina-Barrera, Néstor Ríos-Osorio, Rafael Fernández-Grisales
Journal of Endodontic Microsurgery.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Bildgebung im ZMK-Bereich – aber in welcher Reihenfolge?
Rainer Lutz
Zahnmedizin up2date.2024; 18(04): 297. CrossRef
Cone-beam computed tomography evaluation of shaping ability of kedo-S square and fanta AF™ baby rotary files compared to manual K-files in root canal preparation of primary anterior teeth
Shaimaa S. El-Desouky, Bassem N. El Fahl, Ibrahim A. Kabbash, Shimaa M. Hadwa
Clinical Oral Investigations.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Analysis of Endodontic Successes and Failures in the Removal of Fractured Endodontic Instruments during Retreatment: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Trial Sequential Analysis
Mario Dioguardi, Corrado Dello Russo, Filippo Scarano, Fariba Esperouz, Andrea Ballini, Diego Sovereto, Mario Alovisi, Angelo Martella, Lorenzo Lo Muzio
Healthcare.2024; 12(14): 1390. CrossRef

15,568 View
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16 Web of Science
18 Crossref

Research Articles

A scientometric, bibliometric, and thematic map analysis of hydraulic calcium silicate root canal sealers: Anastasios Katakidis, Konstantinos Kodonas, Anastasia Fardi, Christos Gogos; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(4):e41. Published online November 13, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e41

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This scientometric and bibliometric analysis explored scientific publications related to hydraulic calcium silicate-based (HCSB) sealers used in endodontology, aiming to describe basic bibliometric indicators and analyze current research trends.

Materials and Methods

A comprehensive search was conducted in Web of Science and Scopus using specific HCSB sealer and general endodontic-related terms. Basic research parameters were collected, including publication year, authorship, countries, institutions, journals, level of evidence, study design and topic of interest, title terms, author keywords, citation counts, and density.

Results

In total, 498 articles published in 136 journals were retrieved for the period 2008–2023. Brazil was the leading country, and the universities of Bologna in Italy and Sao Paolo in Brazil were represented equally as leading institutions. The most frequently occurring keywords were “calcium silicate,” “root canal sealer MTA-Fillapex,” and “biocompatibility,” while title terms such as “calcium,” “sealers,” “root,” “canal,” “silicate based,” and “endodontic” occurred most often. According to the thematic map analysis, “solubility” appeared as a basic theme of concentrated research interest, and “single-cone technique” was identified as an emerging, inadequately developed theme. The co-occurrence analysis revealed 4 major clusters centered on sealers’ biological and physicochemical properties, obturation techniques, retreatability, and adhesion.

Conclusions

This analysis presents bibliographic features and outlines changing trends in HCSB sealer research. The research output is dominated by basic science articles scrutinizing the biological and specific physicochemical properties of commonly used HCSB sealers. Future research needs to be guided by studies with a high level of evidence that utilize innovative, sophisticated technologies.

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Agri-Food Sector: Contemporary Trends, Possible Gaps, and Prospective Directions
José Roberto Herrera Cantorani, Meire Ramalho de Oliveira, Luiz Alberto Pilatti, Thales Botelho de Sousa
Metrics.2025; 2(1): 3. CrossRef
Scientific mapping of experimental research on solar cookers: Global trends, evolution, and future directions
Flavio Odoi-Yorke, Bismark Baah, Richard Opoku
Solar Energy Advances.2025; 5: 100093. CrossRef
Bibliometric analysis of the GentleWave system: trends, collaborations, and research gaps
Raimundo Sales de Oliveira Neto, Thais de Moraes Souza, João Vitor Oliveira de Amorim, Thaine Oliveira Lima, Guilherme Ferreira da Silva, Rodrigo Ricci Vivan, Murilo Priori Alcalde, Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2025; 50(2): e17. CrossRef
Top 100 Most Cited Articles on Antibiotics in Endodontics: A Bibliometric Analysis
Hajar Albanyan, Mohammed Asseery, Haitham Alahmari, Ikram Ul Haq, Ali Alaqla
Journal of Endodontics.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
A Scientometric Review of Practical Applications in Quantum Natural Language Processing (QNLP): Trends, Gaps, and Research Opportunities
Victor R. Silva, Fábio R. Barbosa, Jasson C. Silva, Francisco J. Santos, Ricardo A. L. Rabelo, Joel J. P. C. Rodrigues
IEEE Access.2025; 13: 210169. CrossRef
A bibliometric analysis of global research trend and progress on Dy doped materials
Sangeeta Kadyan, Manju Nain, Ashima Makhija, Poonam Punia, Anil Ohlan, Sajjan Dahiya, R. Punia, A.S. Maan
Journal of Alloys and Compounds Communications.2024; 3: 100006. CrossRef
Comparative bioactivity and immunomodulatory potential of the new Bioroot Flow and AH Plus Bioceramic sealer: An in vitro study on hPDLSCs
José Luis Sanz, Sergio López-García, David García-Bernal, Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Lozano, Leopoldo Forner, Adrián Lozano, Laura Murcia
Clinical Oral Investigations.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Analyzing collaboration and impact: A bibliometric review of four highly published authors’ research profiles on collaborative maps
Willy Chou, Julie Chi Chow
Medicine.2024; 103(28): e38686. CrossRef

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44 Download
4 Web of Science
8 Crossref

Micro-CT evaluation of the removal of root fillings using rotary and reciprocating systems supplemented by XP-Endo Finisher, the Self-Adjusting File, or Er,Cr:YSGG laser: Gülsen Kiraz, Bulem Üreyen Kaya, Mert Ocak, Muhammet Bora Uzuner, Hakan Hamdi Çelik; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(4):e36. Published online October 23, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e36

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of a single-file reciprocating system (WaveOne Gold, WOG) and a multi-file rotary system (ProTaper Universal Retreatment, PTUR) in removing canal filling from severely curved canals and to evaluate the possible adjunctive effects of XP-Endo Finisher (XPF), the Self-Adjusting File (SAF), and an erbium, chromium: yttrium, scandium, gallium garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser using micro-computed tomography (μCT).

Materials and Methods

Sixty-six curved mandibular molars were divided into 2 groups based on the retreatment technique and then into 3 based on the supplementary method. The residual filling volumes and root canals were evaluated with μCT before and after retreatment, and after the supplementary steps. The data were statistically analyzed with the t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, analysis of covariance, and factorial analysis of variance (p < 0.05).

Results

PTUR and WOG showed no significant difference in removing filling materials (p > 0.05). The supplementary techniques were significantly more effective than reciprocating or rotary systems only (p < 0.01). The supplementary steps showed no significant differences in canal filling removal effectiveness (p > 0.05), but XPF showed less dentin reduction than the SAF and Er,Cr:YSGG laser (p < 0.01).

Conclusions

The supplementary methods significantly decreased the volume of residual filling materials. XPF caused minimal changes in root canal volume and might be preferred for retreatment in curved root canals. Supplementary approaches after retreatment procedures may improve root canal cleanliness.

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Trends in dentomaxillofacial radiology
Kıvanç Kamburoğlu
World Journal of Radiology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Retrieval of AH Plus Bioceramic and Ceraseal Versus AH Plus in Endodontic Retreatment
Eurok Shim, Jee Woo Son, Jiyoung Kwon, Hyun-Jung Kim, Ji-Hyun Jang, Seok Woo Chang, Soram Oh
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(6): 1826. CrossRef
Characteristics and Effectiveness of XP‐Endo Files and Systems: A Narrative Review
Sarah M. Alkahtany, Rana Alfadhel, Aseel AlOmair, Sarah Bin Durayhim, Kee Y. Kum
International Journal of Dentistry.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of the filling technique on the filling removal from oval-shaped canals
Lislaine Valerio, Lisa Yurie Oda, Felipe Andretta Copelli, Clarissa Teles Rodrigues, Everdan Carneiro, Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte, Bruno Cavalini Cavenago
Clinical Oral Investigations.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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92 Download
6 Web of Science
4 Crossref

Incidence of interappointment emergencies in multiple-visit root canal treatments performed with or without intracanal medicament by undergraduate students: Annemarie Baaij, Corine Mirjam Visscher, Manon Jansen, Ahmet Rifat Özok; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(3):e31. Published online August 14, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e31

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This retrospective cohort study examined the incidence of interappointment emergencies during multiple-visit molar root canal treatments conducted by undergraduate students. Treatments performed without the use of intracanal medicament were compared to treatments that incorporated calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medicament.

Materials and Methods

Interappointment emergencies, defined as instances of pain or swelling that required the patient to make an unscheduled follow-up visit, were recorded for up to 2 months after the intervention. To avoid the influence of obturation on the observed incidence of emergency visits, only unscheduled visits occurring between the start and end of the root canal treatment were included.

Results

Of the 719 patients included in this study, 77 (10.7%) were recorded as experiencing interappointment emergencies. Of these emergencies, 62% occurred within 2 weeks following the most recent intervention. In the group of patients who did not receive intracanal medicament, the incidence of interappointment emergencies was 11.9% (46 of 385 patients). In comparison, this rate was 9.3% (31 of 334 patients) among those who received calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medicament (odds ratio, 1.33; 95% confidence interval, 0.82–2.15; p = 0.249).

Conclusions

Interappointment emergencies may arise at any point during root canal treatment, but they most commonly occur within the first 2 weeks following intervention. The omission of intracanal medicament in multiple-visit molar root canal treatments, performed by undergraduate students, did not significantly increase the incidence of these emergencies.

Citations

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An Observational Study on Pain Occurrence After Root Canal Treatment: Role of Operator Experience When Using a Bioceramic Sealer
Mihai Merfea, Ioana Sofia Pop-Ciutrila, Mindra Eugenia Badea, Ada Gabriela Delean, Oana Cimponeriu, Razvan Corneliu Pop, Maria Peter, Iulia Clara Badea, Sanda Ileana Cimpean
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(13): 4558. CrossRef

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43 Download
1 Web of Science
1 Crossref

Effect of cryotherapy duration on experimentally induced connective tissue inflammation in vivo: Jorge Vera, Mayra Alejandra Castro-Nuñez, María Fernanda Troncoso-Cibrian, Ana Gabriela Carrillo-Varguez, Edgar Ramiro Méndez Sánchez, Viviana Sarmiento, Lourdes Lanzagorta-Rebollo, Prasanna Neelakantan, Monica Romero, Ana Arias; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(3):e29. Published online August 2, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e29

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This study tested the hypothesis that cryotherapy duration influences lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in a rat model.

Materials and Methods

Six Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus) were used. Five sites were selected per animal and divided into 5 groups: a negative control group (NC), 2 positive control groups (PC1 and PC2), and 2 experimental groups (E1 and E2). Cryotherapy was applied for 1 minute (E1) or 5 minutes (E2). An acute inflammatory response was induced in the PC and E groups via subcutaneous administration of 0.5 mL/kg. In the PC2 group, a catheter was inserted without additional treatment. For the E1 and E2 groups, 2.5°C saline solution was administered through the implanted catheters for 1 and 5 minutes, respectively. The rats were sacrificed, and samples were obtained and processed for histological analysis, specifically examining the presence of polymorphonuclear neutrophils and hemorrhage. The χ² test was used to compare the presence of acute inflammation across groups. Dependent variables were compared using the linear-by-linear association test.

Results

Inflammation and hemorrhage varied significantly among the groups (p = 0.001). A significantly higher degree of acute inflammation was detected (p = 0.0002) in the PC and E1 samples than in the E2 group, in which cryotherapy was administered for 5 minutes. The PC and E1 groups also exhibited significantly greater numbers of neutrophils (p = 0.007), which were essentially absent in both the NC and E2 groups.

Conclusions

Cryotherapy administration for 5 minutes reduced the acute inflammation associated with LPS and catheter implantation.

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The impact of using cold irrigation on postoperative endodontic pain and substance P level: a randomized clinical trial
Reem Mohammed Amr Sharaf, Tariq Yehia Abdelrahman, Maram Farouk Obeid
Odontology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Cryotherapy as a supplementary aid to inferior alveolar nerve block in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: A randomized controlled trial
Setu Katyal, Poonam Bogra, Rajinder Bansal, Vishakha Grover, Saurabh Gupta, Saru Gupta
Medicine International.2025; 5(5): 1. CrossRef
Determining Efficacy of Intracanal Cryotherapy on Post Endodontic Pain in Irreversible Pulpitis
Anam Fayyaz Bashir, Ussamah Waheed Jatala, Moeen ud din Ahmad, Muhammad Talha Khan, Saima Razzaq Khan, Aisha Arshad Butt
Pakistan Journal of Health Sciences.2024; : 68. CrossRef

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53 Download
1 Web of Science
3 Crossref

Contemporary research trends on nanoparticles in endodontics: a bibliometric and scientometric analysis of the top 100 most-cited articles: Sıla Nur Usta, Zeliha Uğur-Aydın, Kadriye Demirkaya, Cumhur Aydın; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(3):e27. Published online July 26, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e27

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Objectives

Advancements in nanotechnology have led to the widespread usage of nanoparticles in the endodontic field. This bibliometric study aimed to determine and analyze the top 100 most-cited articles about nanoparticles in endodontics from 2000 to 2022.

Materials and Methods

A detailed electronic search was conducted on the “Clarivate Analytics Web of Science, All Databases” to receive the most-cited articles related to the topic. Articles were ranked in descending order based on their citation counts, and the first 100 were selected for bibliometric analysis. Parameters such as citation density, publication year, journal, country, institution, author, study design, study field, evidence level, and keywords were analyzed.

Results

The top 100 most-cited articles received 4,698 citations (16–271) with 970.21 (1.91–181) citation density in total. Among decades, citations were significantly higher in 2011–2022 (p < 0.001). Journal of Endodontics had the largest number of publications. Canada and the University of Toronto made the highest contribution as country and institution, respectively. Anil Kishen was the 1 who participated in the largest number of articles. The majority of the articles were designed in vitro. The main study field was “antibacterial effect.” Among keywords, “nanoparticles” followed by “Enterococcus faecalis” were used more frequently.

Conclusions

Developments in nanotechnology had an impact on the increasing number of studies in recent years. This bibliometric study provides a comprehensive view of nanoparticle advances and trends using citation analysis.

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Research trends and mapping knowledge for maxillary sinus augmentation in oral and maxillofacial surgery
Özlem Saraç Atagün, Şeyma Çardakcı Bahar, Seval Ceylan Şen, Gülbahar Ustaoğlu
Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.2025; 126(4): 102116. CrossRef
Visualized bibliometric panorama of ureteral stents (1975–present): trends and hotspots revealed
Renjie Wei, Fudong Liu, Xinjie Ji, Xu Luo, Chunyu Gong, Ruitu Ran
World Journal of Urology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Bibliometric analysis of the publications that list the most-cited articles in endodontics
Oscar Alejandro Gutiérrez-Alvarez, Luis Alberto Pantoja-Villa, Benigno Miguel Calderón-Rojas
Endodontology.2025; 37(2): 128. CrossRef
Cyclic fatigue in NiTi files: a bibliometric and science mapping analysis
Huda Melike Bayram, Emre Bayram
Odontology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Synergistic antibiofilm activity of methylene blue and silver nanoparticle-mediated photothermal therapy against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm
Eman M. Fouad, Hossam Tawfiq, Soha Abdelrahman Elhady, Ali M. Saafan
Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Exploring vital pulp Therapies: A bibliometric analysis of the most cited articles
Gustavo Henrique Sousa, Rodolfo Lima Gonçalves, Barbara Figueiredo, Vilton Cardozo Moreira Dias, Ana Carolina Soares Mendes, Valéria de Cássia Bueno Melo, Adriana Guimarães Rodrigues, Hebertt Gonzaga dos Santos Chaves
The Saudi Dental Journal.2024; 36(5): 778. CrossRef
The cutting-edge roles of lasers in endodontics: A bibliometric and scientometric analysis of the 100 most-cited articles
Sıla Nur Usta, Pablo Betancourt, Alper Ceylan, Cangül Keskin
Lasers in Medical Science.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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7 Crossref

Tip and taper compatibility of accessory gutta-percha points with rotary and reciprocating instruments: Júlia Niero Zanatta Streck, Sabrina Arcaro, Renan Antônio Ceretta, Eduardo Antunes Bortoluzzi, Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garcia, Josiane de Almeida, Patrícia Maria Poli Kopper, Anarela Vassen Bernardi; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(3):e22. Published online June 8, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e22

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Objectives
This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the tip and taper compatibility of accessory gutta-percha points (AGPs) with various rotary and reciprocating instruments.
Materials and Methods
Using a profile analyzer, tip and taper measurements were taken of 10 AGPs of each of the 14 models available from Odous de Deus and the 4 models available from Dentsply-Maillefer. Diameter measurements were taken at 1-mm intervals, from 3 mm from the tip (D3) to 16 mm.
Results
Based on the mean values obtained, 3-dimensional (3D) models of the AGPs were drawn in Autodesk Fusion 360 and superimposed on 3D models of each instrument selected (Mtwo, Reciproc, RaCe, K3, and ProDesign Logic) to determine the compatibility between the instrument and the AGP. Data corresponding to the tips and tapers of the various AGPs, as well as the tip and taper differences between the AGPs and the instruments, were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The tapers of the AGPs were subject to the American National Standards Institute/American Dental Association No. 57 standard. The Odous de Deus extra-long medium and extra-long extra-medium AGPs were shown to be compatible with Mtwo, K3, and ProDesign Logic instruments with taper 0.06 and tip sizes 25 and 30, while the Dentsply fine and fine medium cones were compatible with Mtwo, RaCe, and K3 instruments with conicity of 0.04 and tip sizes 35 and 40.
Conclusions
Both the Odous de Deus and Dentsply commercial brands included 2 AGP models with tip (D3) and taper compatibility with Mtwo, RaCe, K3, and/or Prodesign Logic instruments.

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Review Article

Stem cell-derived exosomes for dentin-pulp complex regeneration: a mini-review: Dina A. Hammouda, Alaa M Mansour, Mahmoud A. Saeed, Ahmed R. Zaher, Mohammed E. Grawish; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(2):e20. Published online May 3, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e20

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This mini-review was conducted to present an overview of the use of exosomes in regenerating the dentin-pulp complex (DPC). The PubMed and Scopus databases were searched for relevant articles published between January 1, 2013 and January 1, 2023. The findings of basic in vitro studies indicated that exosomes enhance the proliferation and migration of mesenchymal cells, as human dental pulp stem cells, via mitogen-activated protein kinases and Wingless-Int signaling pathways. In addition, they possess proangiogenic potential and contribute to neovascularization and capillary tube formation by promoting endothelial cell proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Likewise, they regulate the migration and differentiation of Schwann cells, facilitate the conversion of M1 pro-inflammatory macrophages to M2 anti-inflammatory phenotypes, and mediate immune suppression as they promote regulatory T cell conversion. Basic in vivo studies have indicated that exosomes triggered the regeneration of dentin-pulp–like tissue, and exosomes isolated under odontogenic circumstances are particularly strong inducers of tissue regeneration and stem cell differentiation. Exosomes are a promising regenerative tool for DPC in cases of small pulp exposure or for whole-pulp tissue regeneration.

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Extracellular vesicles derived from dental mesenchymal stem cells for regenerative medicine: a scoping review
Maria Emília Mota, Márcia Martins Marques, Thaís Gimenez, Suely Kunimi Kubo Ariga, Tiago Góss dos Santos, Fábio Abreu Alves, Maria Stella Moreira
Molecular Biology Reports.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Cell Homing Strategies in Regenerative Endodontic Therapy
David Kim, Sahng G. Kim
Cells.2025; 14(3): 201. CrossRef
Impact of dental pulp cells-derived small extracellular vesicles on the properties and behavior of dental pulp cells: an in-vitro study
Dina A. Hammouda, Alaa M. Mansour, Ahmed R. Zaher, Mohammed E. Grawish
BMC Oral Health.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Methodological Approaches for Economic Comparison of Mesenchymal Stem Cell and Exosome-based Therapies with Conventional Endodontic Treatments in Regenerative Endodontics
Madina A. Kurmanalina Kurmanalina, Nadiar M. Mussin, Aigul M. Sumanova, Violetta R. Detochkina, Maryam Mardani, Nader Tanideh, Amin Tamadon
West Kazakhstan Medical Journal.2025; 67(2): 188. CrossRef
Exosomal circ_0003057 promotes osteo/odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs by binding with EIF4A3 through upregulated parental gene ANKH
Bingtao Wang, Yuanyuan Kong, Huixian Dong, Feng Lai, Zixin Guo, Liecong Lin, Jingyi Xu, Jingkun Zhang, Yiguo Jiang, Qianzhou Jiang
International Endodontic Journal.2025; 58(9): 1433. CrossRef
Mechanistic insights into dental stem cells‐derived exosomes in regenerative endodontics
Paras Ahmad, Nathan Estrin, Nima Farshidfar, Yufeng Zhang, Richard J. Miron
International Endodontic Journal.2025; 58(9): 1384. CrossRef
Development and characterization of an exosome-loaded biomimetic hydroxyapatite/gelatin scaffold for enhanced dental pulp regeneration
Yuen-Shan Tsai, Shih-Jung Cheng, Tsao-Li Chuang, Shu-Fang Chang, Feng-Huei Lin, Chun-Pin Lin
Journal of Dental Sciences.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Exosomes as Promising Therapeutic Tools for Regenerative Endodontic Therapy
Qingyue Kong, Yujie Wang, Nan Jiang, Yifan Wang, Rui Wang, Xiaohan Hu, Jing Mao, Xin Shi
Biomolecules.2024; 14(3): 330. CrossRef
Role and Molecular Mechanism of miR-586 in the Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells into Odontoblast-like Cells
Gang Pan, Qianwen Zhou, Chenhua Pan, Yingxue Zhang
Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics.2024; 83(1): 507. CrossRef

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Research Articles

Effectiveness of endodontic retreatment using WaveOne Primary files in reciprocating and rotary motions: Patricia Marton Costa, Renata Maíra de Souza Leal, Guilherme Hiroshi Yamanari, Bruno Cavalini Cavenago, Marco Antônio Húngaro Duarte; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(2):e15. Published online April 25, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e15

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Objectives

This study evaluated the efficiency of WaveOne Primary files (Dentsply Sirona) for removing root canal fillings with 2 types of movement: reciprocating (RCP) and continuous counterclockwise rotation (CCR).

Materials and Methods

Twenty mandibular incisors were prepared with a RCP instrument (25.08) and filled using the Tagger hybrid obturation technique. The teeth were retreated with a WaveOne Primary file and randomly allocated to 2 experimental retreatment groups (n = 10) according to movement type: RCP and CCR. The root canals were emptied of filling material in the first 3 steps of insertion, until reaching the working length. The timing of retreatment and procedure errors were recorded for all samples. The specimens were scanned before and after the retreatment procedure with micro-computed tomography to calculate the percentage and volume (mm³) of the residual filling material. The results were statistically evaluated using paired and independent t-tests, with a significance level set at 5%.

Results

No significant difference was found in the timing of filling removal between the groups, with a mean of 322 seconds (RCP) and 327 seconds (CCR) (p < 0.05). There were 6 instrument fractures: 1 in a RCP motion file and 5 in continuous rotation files. The volumes of residual filling material were similar (9.94% for RCP and 15.94% for CCR; p > 0.05).

Conclusions

The WaveOne Primary files used in retreatment performed similarly in both RCP and CCR movements. Neither movement type completely removed the obturation material, but the RCP movement provided greater safety.

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Micro-CT evaluation of the removal of root fillings using rotary and reciprocating systems supplemented by XP-Endo Finisher, the Self-Adjusting File, or Er,Cr:YSGG laser
Gülsen Kiraz, Bulem Üreyen Kaya, Mert Ocak, Muhammet Bora Uzuner, Hakan Hamdi Çelik
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

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Comparative analysis of torsional and cyclic fatigue resistance of ProGlider, WaveOne Gold Glider, and TruNatomy Glider in simulated curved canal: Pedro de Souza Dias, Augusto Shoji Kato, Carlos Eduardo da Silveira Bueno, Rodrigo Ricci Vivan, Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte, Pedro Henrique Souza Calefi, Rina Andréa Pelegrine; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(1):e4. Published online December 8, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e4

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Objectives

This study aimed to compare the torsional and cyclic fatigue resistance of ProGlider (PG), WaveOne Gold Glider (WGG), and TruNatomy Glider (TNG).

Materials and Methods

A total of 15 instruments of each glide path system (n = 15) were used for each test. A custom-made device simulating an angle of 90° and a radius of 5 millimeters was used to assess cyclic fatigue resistance, with calculation of number of cycles to failure. Torsional fatigue resistance was assessed by maximum torque and angle of rotation. Fractured instruments were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were analyzed with Shapiro-Wilk and Kruskal-Wallis tests, and the significance level was set at 5%.

Results

The WGG group showed greater cyclic fatigue resistance than the PG and TNG groups (p < 0.05). In the torsional fatigue test, the TNG group showed a higher angle of rotation, followed by the PG and WGG groups (p < 0.05). The TNG group was superior to the PG group in torsional resistance (p < 0.05). SEM analysis revealed ductile morphology, typical of the 2 fracture modes: cyclic fatigue and torsional fatigue.

Conclusions

Reciprocating WGG instruments showed greater cyclic fatigue resistance, while TNG instruments were better in torsional fatigue resistance. The significance of these findings lies in the identification of the instruments’ clinical applicability to guide the choice of the most appropriate instrument and enable the clinician to provide a more predictable glide path preparation.

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Buckling resistance of various pathfinding endodontic instruments: An in vitro study
Ujjwal Das, Rajesh Kumar Das, Kallol Kumar Saha, Lugu Buru Murmu, Srimanta Banerjee, Rishila Nag
Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.2025; 28(4): 384. CrossRef
Comparative evaluation of the remaining dentin volume following instrumentation with rotary, reciprocating, and hand files during root canal treatment in primary molars: An ex vivo study
İrem Eren, Berkant Sezer
Journal of Dental Sciences.2024; 19(4): 2126. CrossRef
Screw-in force, torque generation, and performance of glide-path files with three rotation kinetics
Jee-Yeon Woo, Ji-Hyun Jang, Seok Woo Chang, Soram Oh
Odontology.2024; 112(3): 761. CrossRef
Evaluation of shaping ability of different glide path instruments: a micro-computed tomography study
Merve Yeniçeri Özata, Seda Falakaloğlu, Ali Keleş, Özkan Adıgüzel, Mustafa Gündoğar
BMC Oral Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

2,611 View
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Review Article

Influence of the root canal filling technique on the success rate of primary endodontic treatments: a systematic review: Daniel Feijolo Marconi, Giovana Siocheta da Silva, Theodoro Weissheimer, Isadora Ames Silva, Gabriel Barcelos Só, Leonardo Thomasi Jahnke, Jovito Adiel Skupien, Marcus Vinicius Reis Só, Ricardo Abreu da Rosa; Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(4):e40. Published online October 11, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e40

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Objectives

This study aimed to investigate the influence of different obturation techniques compared to cold lateral compaction on the success rate of primary non-surgical endodontic treatments.

Materials and Methods

Systematic searches were performed for studies published up to May 17^th, 2022 in MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, and Grey Literature Reports. Randomized clinical trials and nonrandomized (nonrandomized clinical trials, prospective or retrospective) studies that evaluated the success rate of primary non-surgical endodontic treatments obturated with the cold lateral compaction (control) and other obturation techniques were included. The revised Cochrane risk of bias tools for randomized trials (RoB 2) and nonrandomized studies of interventions (ROBINS-I) were used to evaluate the risk of bias. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tool was used to evaluate the certainty of evidence.

Results

Eleven studies (4 randomized clinical trials (RCTs), 4 prospective, and 3 retrospectives) were included. Two RCTs were classified as having some concerns risk of bias and 2 as a low risk of bias. Two nonrandomized studies were classified as having a critical risk of bias and 5 as having a moderate risk of bias. The GRADE analysis demonstrated a very low to moderate certainty of evidence.

Conclusions

This systematic review generally evidenced no differences in the success rate of primary non-surgical endodontic treatments when the cold lateral compaction technique and other obturation techniques are performed. Further well-designed studies are still necessary.

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Assessing Sealing Ability of C-Root SP Strontium Silicate Sealer With Different Obturation Techniques: An in vitro Study
Suixin Hu, Jianshe Li, Meng Xu, Laiqing Xu, Yangming Yin, Peng Xue, Liping Dong, Lin Wang, Huixia He, Ying Liu, Qiang Luo, Fei Chen
International Dental Journal.2026; 76(1): 109283. CrossRef
Comparative Analysis Of Obturation Techniques In Endodontics: Lateral Vs. Thermoplasticized. Thermoplasticized
Juan Esteban Díaz Pacheco , Rómulo Guillermo López Torres , Verónica Alejandra Salame Ortíz
Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología.2025; 5: 1626. CrossRef
Effect of ultrasonic activation of endodontic sealers on root canal filling quality during the single-cone obturation procedure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of laboratory-based studies
Shuting Feng, Weiqing Zhou, Xiaojun Chu, Shuaimei Xu, Xiongqun Zeng
Odontology.2025; 113(4): 1380. CrossRef
In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of a New Experimental Polydimethylsiloxane-Based Endodontic Sealer
Fabiola Cardoso Maldonado, Cesar Gaitan Fonseca, Carlos Bermudez Jimenez, Luis Alejandro Aguilera Galaviz, Margarita L. Martinez-Fierro, Lorena Troncoso Vazquez, Martha Eugenia Reyes Ortiz
Journal of Functional Biomaterials.2025; 16(11): 402. CrossRef
Evaluation of three obturation techniques in 3D-printed models of oval canals with standardized prepared morphology: a micro-CT study
Wenjun Xia, Qisheng Gu, Yingshuang Song, Yunjia Liu, Xuetao Deng, Wenhao Qian
BMC Oral Health.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Clinical and Radiographic Failure of Nonsurgical Endodontic Treatment and Retreatment Using Single-cone Technique With Calcium Silicate-based Sealers: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Mohammad A. Sabeti, Negah Karimpourtalebi, Arash Shahravan, Omid Dianat
Journal of Endodontics.2024; 50(6): 735. CrossRef
Method of microbial decontamination of endodontic absorbent paper points: a randomised experimental study
O. A. Pavlovskaya, O. A. Kachanova, V. V. Volobuev, M. N. Mitropanova, A. R. Gazarova, V. Y. Zobenko, A. G. Uvarova
Pediatric dentistry and dental prophylaxis.2024; 24(2): 157. CrossRef
The Push-Out Bond Strength, Surface Roughness, and Antimicrobial Properties of Endodontic Bioceramic Sealers Supplemented with Silver Nanoparticles
Karla Navarrete-Olvera, Nereyda Niño-Martínez, Idania De Alba-Montero, Nuria Patiño-Marín, Facundo Ruiz, Horacio Bach, Gabriel-Alejandro Martínez-Castañón
Molecules.2024; 29(18): 4422. CrossRef
Clinical outcome of non-surgical root canal treatment using different sealers and techniques of obturation in 237 patients: A retrospective study
Mateusz Radwanski, Krystyna Pietrzycka, Tan Fırat Eyüboğlu, Mutlu Özcan, Monika Lukomska-Szymanska
Clinical Oral Investigations.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Research Articles

Outcome of endodontic treatments performed by Brazilian undergraduate students: 3- to 8-year follow up: Jéssica Gabriele da Rocha, Isabella Marian Lena, Jéssica Lopes Trindade, Gabriela Salatino Liedke, Renata Dornelles Morgental, Carlos Alexandre Souza Bier; Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(3):e34. Published online August 18, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e34

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Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the success rate of endodontic treatments performed by undergraduate students and the factors associated with the outcome.

Materials and Methods

A follow-up of 3 to 8 years after root canal filling was carried out in 91 patients. At the follow-up visits, medical and dental history questionnaires were applied along with clinical and radiographic examinations. Data collected in the clinical exam included: the presence of pain, swelling, sinus tract, mobility, tenderness to palpation and percussion, periodontal probing profile, and type/quality of coronal restoration. Postoperative and follow-up radiographs were digitalized and analyzed by 2 trained and calibrated examiners to assess periapical healing. The treatment outcome was based on strict clinical and radiographic criteria and classified as success (absence of any clinical and radiographic sign of apical periodontitis) or failure (other combination). Logistic regression was used to investigate the impact of clinical and radiographic variables on endodontic treatment outcomes at a 5% significance level.

Results

The success rate of endodontic treatments was 60.7%. The only risk factor significantly associated with failure was the presence of a periapical lesion on the postoperative radiograph (odds ratio, 3.35; 95% confidence interval, 1.17–9.54).

Conclusions

The success rate of endodontic treatments performed by undergraduate students was low and was jeopardized by the presence of a periapical lesion on the postoperative radiograph.

Citations

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Effect of quality of radiographs taken during root canal treatment on technical quality of root canal fillings and endodontic outcome
Jia Min Ng, Yan Yee Lee, Prashanti Chippagiri, Elaheh Ahanin, Abhishek Parolia
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2025; 50(1): e3. CrossRef
Outcomes of root canal treatment performed by undergraduate students: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Philip Y.‐H. Chien, Sepanta Hosseinpour, Ove A. Peters, Christine I. Peters
International Endodontic Journal.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Factors Influencing the Long-Term Survival and Success of Endodontically Treated and Retreated Teeth: An Ambispective Study at an Educational Hospital
Reem Barakat, Rahaf Almohareb, Ghaliah Alsawah, Hadeel Busuhail, Shahad A. Alshihri, Ghadah T. Alrashid, Ghadeer Y. Alotaibi, Mamata Hebbal
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(21): 7826. CrossRef
A bibliometric comparison of undergraduate and postgraduate endodontic education publications: The topics, trends, and challenges
Jinglan Zhang, Xiaowei Liu, Lei Yang, Yiran Wang, Dingming Huang, Xuelian Tan
Journal of Dental Education.2023; 87(12): 1661. CrossRef

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4 Crossref

Difficulties experienced by endodontics researchers in conducting studies and writing papers: Betul Aycan Alim-Uysal, Selin Goker-Kamali, Ricardo Machado; Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(2):e20. Published online March 15, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e20

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

The study investigated the difficulties experienced by endodontics researchers around the world in conducting studies and writing papers.

Materials and Methods

A survey consisting of 18 questions on the difficulties experienced by endodontics researchers in performing studies and writing papers was e-mailed to academics in the field of endodontics working at 202 universities. The independent risk factors were analyzed using binary logistic regression at a significance level of 0.05.

Results

A total of 581 individuals (10.7%) agreed to participate in the study. Almost half the participants (48.2%) reported that they had received some type of training in conducting studies and writing papers. In response to the question, “Do you get help from a statistician to perform the statistical analyses of your studies?,” 77.1% answered “yes.” Around 40% of the participants stated that the need to obtain ethical approval negatively affected their desire to conduct studies. The participants’ regions had no effect on the reported difficulties associated with writing papers in English or conducting statistical analyses (p > 0.05). Most participants (81.8%) reported difficulties in writing the Discussion section, regardless of their region, academic degrees, or years of experience.

Conclusions

The participants stated they experienced difficulties in many areas, such as conducting statistical analyses, finding new ideas, and writing in English. Engaging in a detailed examination of ethics committee rules, expanding biostatistics education, increasing the number of institutions providing research funding, and increasing the number of endodontics journals can increase the enthusiasm of endodontics researchers to publish papers.

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Prevalence of radix molaris in mandibular molars of a subpopulation of Brazil’s Northeast region: a cross-sectional CBCT study
Yasmym Martins Araújo de Oliveira, Maria Clara Mendes Gomes, Maria Fernanda da Silva Nascimento, Ricardo Machado, Danna Mota Moreira, Hermano Camelo Paiva, George Táccio de Miranda Candeiro
Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Statistical pitfalls in endodontic research
Nandini Suresh
Endodontology.2023; 35(1): 1. CrossRef

1,854 View
27 Download
1 Web of Science
2 Crossref

Case Report

Leukocyte platelet-rich fibrin in endodontic microsurgery: a report of 2 cases: Mariana Domingos Pires, Jorge N. R. Martins, Abayomi Omokeji Baruwa, Beatriz Pereira, António Ginjeira; Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(2):e17. Published online March 4, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e17

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Endodontic microsurgery is a predictable treatment option when orthograde treatment or retreatment is unsuccessful or unfeasible. However, when there is a gross compromise of periapical bone, achievement of bone regeneration after the surgical procedure may be hampered. In such cases, the application of guided tissue regeneration principles, with adjunctive use of leukocyte platelet-rich fibrin to fill the bone defect as a bone substitute and as a membrane to cover the site, provides a cost-effective solution with the benefits of accelerated physiological healing and reduced post-surgical pain and discomfort. This case report presents 2 cases of endodontic microsurgery of the upper lateral incisors with loss of buccal cortical plate, where platelet-rich fibrin was successfully applied.

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Focuses and Trends of Research on Platelet-Rich Fibrin: A Bibliometric and Visual Analysis
Ying Zhao, Chen Dong, Liumeizi Fan, Ting Lei, Xin Ge, Zhou Yu, Sheng Hu
Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery.2024; 57(05): 356. CrossRef

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1 Web of Science
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Research Article

Comparison of the cyclic fatigue resistance of One Curve, F6 Skytaper, Protaper Next, and Hyflex CM endodontic files: Charlotte Gouédard, Laurent Pino, Reza Arbab-Chirani, Shabnam Arbab-Chirani, Valérie Chevalier; Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(2):e16. Published online March 4, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e16

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This study compared the cyclic fatigue resistance of One Curve (C wire) and F6 Skytaper (conventional austenite nickel-titanium [NiTi]), and 2 instruments with thermo-mechanically treated NiTi: Protaper Next X2 (M wire) and Hyflex CM (CM wire).

Materials and Methods

Ten new instruments of each group (size: 0.25 mm, 6% taper in the 3 mm tip region) were tested using a rotary bending machine with a 60° curvature angle and a 5 mm curvature radius, at room temperature. The number of cycles until fracture was recorded. The length of the fractured instruments was measured. The fracture surface of each fragment was examined with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and the post hoc Tukey test. The significance level was set at 0.05.

Results

At 60°, One Curve, F6 Skytaper and Hyflex CM had significantly longer fatigue lives than Protaper Next X2 (p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were found in the cyclic fatigue lives of One Curve, F6 Skytaper, and Hyflex CM (p > 0.05). SEM images of the fracture surfaces of the different instruments showed typical features of fatigue failure.

Conclusions

Within the conditions of this study, at 60° and with a 5 mm curvature radius, the cyclic fatigue life of One Curve was not significantly different from those of F6 Skytaper and Hyflex CM. The cyclic fatigue lives of these 3 instruments were statistically significantly longer than that of Protaper Next.

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Evaluation of cyclic fatigue in three pediatric endodontic rotary file systems in root canals of primary molars: A finite element analysis (FEA)
Monika sri S.S., K.C. Vignesh, K. Vivek, Kavitha Swaminathan, Selvakumar Haridoss
Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research.2025; 15(2): 310. CrossRef
Stress analysis of different experimental finite element models of rotary endodontic instruments
Manar M. Galal, Amira Galal Ismail, Nada Omar
Bulletin of the National Research Centre.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Understanding Cyclic Fatigue in Three Nickel–Titanium Pediatric Files: An In Vitro Study for Enhanced Patient Care
Alwaleed Abushanan, Rajashekhara Bhari Sharanesha, Fahd Aljarbou, Hadi Alamri, Mohammed Hamad Almasud, Abdulfatah AlAzmah, Sara Alghamdi, Mubashir Baig Mirza
Medicina.2025; 61(5): 830. CrossRef
Analyzing Surface Morphology Changes Induced by Cyclic Fatigue in Three Different Nickel–Titanium Rotary Files Using Scanning Electron Microscopy Analysis
Chintan Joshi, Mahima P Jain, Sweety M Thumar, Jay H Dave, Applu R Bhatt, Juhi I Dholani
World Journal of Dentistry.2024; 15(7): 579. CrossRef
Nickel ion release and surface analyses on instrument fragments fractured beyond the apex: a laboratory investigation
Sıdıka Mine Toker, Ekim Onur Orhan, Arzu Beklen
BMC Oral Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

3,232 View
43 Download
2 Web of Science
5 Crossref

Review Article

Outcomes of the GentleWave system on root canal treatment: a narrative review: Hernán Coaguila-Llerena, Eduarda Gaeta, Gisele Faria; Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(1):e11. Published online February 14, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e11

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This study aimed to describe the outcomes of the GentleWave system (GW) (Sonendo) on root canal treatment. Published articles were collected from scientific databases (MEDLINE/PubMed platform, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct and Embase). A total of 24 studies were collected from August/2014 to July/2021, 20 in vitro and 4 clinical. GW System was not associated with extrusion of the irrigant, promoted faster organic dissolution than conventional syringe irrigation (CSI), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) continuous ultrasonic irrigation (CUI) and EndoVac, reduced more bacterial DNA and biofilm than PUI and CUI, promoted higher penetration of sodium hypochlorite into dentinal tubules than PUI and CUI in vitro, and removed more intracanal medication than CSI and PUI. GW was able to remove pulp tissue and calcifications. Moreover, its ability to remove hard-tissue debris and smear layer was better than that of CSI, and its ability to remove root canal obturation residues was lower or similar to that of PUI, and similar to that of CSI and EndoVac. Regarding root canal obturation of minimally instrumented molar canals, GW was associated with high-quality obturation. Clinically, the success rate of endodontic treatment using GW was 97.3%, and the short-term postoperative pain in the GW group was not different from CSI. Further research, mainly clinical, is needed to establish whether GW has any advantages over other available irrigation methods.

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Sıla Nur Usta, Eda Doğuş, Mustafa Gündoğar
BMC Oral Health.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
GentleWave Versus Established Irrigation Techniques: Current Evidence from a Scoping Review
Mohmed Isaqali Karobari, Abdul Habeeb Adil, Niher Tabassum Snigdha, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da Silva
Journal of Endodontics.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Endodontic bioceramics: current and futurity aspects
Roma M, Karthik Shetty, Laxmish Mallya, Krishna Prasad Shetty
Frontiers in Oral Health.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
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Daiana Jacobi Lazzarotto, Mayara Colpo Prado, Lara Dotto, Rafael Sarkis-Onofre
Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences.2025; 24: e254250. CrossRef
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Preethi Varadan, Sangavi Ra, Mathan R Rajendran
Cureus.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
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Geeta Asthana, Sadhna Manglani, Rajashree Tamuli
Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.2025; 28(6): 595. CrossRef
Bibliometric analysis of the GentleWave system: trends, collaborations, and research gaps
Raimundo Sales de Oliveira Neto, Thais de Moraes Souza, João Vitor Oliveira de Amorim, Thaine Oliveira Lima, Guilherme Ferreira da Silva, Rodrigo Ricci Vivan, Murilo Priori Alcalde, Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2025; 50(2): e17. CrossRef
Effectiveness of the iVac System Compared to Conventional Irrigation and Ultrasonic Activation in Reducing Microbial Biofilm, Lipopolysaccharides and Apical Extrusion
Brenda P. F. A. Gomes, Ana B. S. Lopes, Emelly Aveiro, Lidiane M. Louzada, Ederaldo P. Godoi‐Junior, Pedro I. G. Fagundes, Esdras G. Alves‐Silva, Antônio A. L. Moura‐Filho, Rodrigo Arruda‐Vasconcelos, Juliana D. Bronzato
Australian Endodontic Journal.2025; 51(3): 598. CrossRef
Clinical and Laboratory Insights Into the GentleWave System: A Scoping Review
Lucas Peixoto de Araújo, Bruna Cavalcante Chaves de Araújo, Felipe Immich, Bruno das Neves Cavalcanti, Neville J. McDonald
Journal of Endodontics.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
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Jacob Marx, Corban Ward, Bayler Gunnell, Zachary Marx, Alicia Parry, Samuel Dyal, Amir Mohajeri, Man Hung
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Efficacy of Supplementary Irrigation Methods Against Bacterial Biofilm‐Infected Root Canals Prepared With Minimally Invasive and Conventional Techniques
Giuliana Soimu, Abhishek Parolia, Anelise V. Masiero, Fang Qian, Thomas Moninger, Jeffrey A. Banas, Fabricio B. Teixeira
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Anatoliy Potapchuk, Vasyl Almashi, Arsenii Horzov, Victor Buleza
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Evaluation of machine-assisted irrigation on removal of intracanal biofilm and extrusion of sodium hypochlorite using a three-dimensionally printed root canal model
Ji-Yoon Shin, Mi-Ah Kim, Hee-Jin Kim, Prasanna Neelakantan, Mi-Kyung Yu, Kyung-San Min
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Analysis of the efficiency of sound impact on the system of canals of the tooth root: A laboratory study
Anatolii A. Adamchik, Valerii V. Tairov, Irina O. Kamyshnikova, Ekaterina S. Zaporozhskaya-Abramova, Zhanna V. Solovyeva, Viktoria A. Ivashchenko, Natalia V. Lapina, Armenak V. Arutyunov, Olga N. Risovannaya, Ksenia D. Kirsch, Valeria D. Golubina
Russian Journal of Dentistry.2023; 27(4): 261. CrossRef
Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of modern irrigants activation techniques in the protocol of chemomechanical root canal system treatment (literature review)
A. Potapchuk, V. Almashi, Y. Rak, Y. Melnyk, V. Buleza, A. Horzov
SUCHASNA STOMATOLOHIYA.2023; 114(3): 4. CrossRef
Multispecies biofilm removal by a multisonic irrigation system in mandibular molars
Hernán Coaguila‐Llerena, Ronald Ordinola‐Zapata, Christopher Staley, Matthew Dietz, Ruoqiong Chen, Gisele Faria
International Endodontic Journal.2022; 55(11): 1252. CrossRef

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Research Articles

How do imaging protocols affect the assessment of root-end fillings?: Fernanda Ferrari Esteves Torres, Reinhilde Jacobs, Mostafa EzEldeen, Karla de Faria-Vasconcelos, Juliane Maria Guerreiro-Tanomaru, Bernardo Camargo dos Santos, Mário Tanomaru-Filho; Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(1):e2. Published online December 15, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e2

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Objectives

This study investigated the impact of micro-computed tomography (micro-CT)-based voxel size on the analysis of material/dentin interface voids and thickness of different endodontic cements.

Materials and Methods

Following root-end resection and apical preparation, maxillary premolars were filled with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), Biodentine, and intermediate restorative material (IRM) (n = 24). The samples were scanned using micro-CT (SkyScan 1272; Bruker) and the cement/dentin interface and thickness of materials were evaluated at voxel sizes of 5, 10, and 20 µm. Analysis of variance and the Tukey test were conducted, and the degree of agreement between different voxel sizes was evaluated using the Bland and Altman method (p < 0.05).

Results

All materials showed an increase in thickness from 5 to 10 and 20 µm (p < 0.05). When evaluating the interface voids, materials were similar at 5 µm (p > 0.05), while at 10 and 20 µm Biodentine showed the lowest percentage of voids (p < 0.05). A decrease in the interface voids was observed for MTA and IRM at 20 µm, while Biodentine showed differences among all voxel sizes (p < 0.05). The Bland-Altman plots for comparisons among voxel sizes showed the largest deviations when comparing images between 5 and 20 µm.

Conclusions

Voxel size had an impact on the micro-CT evaluation of thickness and interface voids of endodontic materials. All cements exhibited an increase in thickness and a decrease in the void percentage as the voxel size increased, especially when evaluating images at 20 µm.

Citations

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Effect of ultrasonic activation of endodontic sealers on root canal filling quality during the single-cone obturation procedure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of laboratory-based studies
Shuting Feng, Weiqing Zhou, Xiaojun Chu, Shuaimei Xu, Xiongqun Zeng
Odontology.2025; 113(4): 1380. CrossRef
Marginal Adaptation and Porosity of a Novel MTA Brand Applied as Root-End Filling Material: A Micro-CT Study
Yaneta Kouzmanova, Ivanka Dimitrova
Applied Sciences.2024; 14(7): 2758. CrossRef
Supplementary methods for filling material removal: A systematic review and meta-analysis of micro-CT imaging studies
Bruna Venzke Fischer, Taynara Santos Goulart, Filipe Colombo Vitali, Diego Leonardo de Souza, Cleonice da Silveira Teixeira, Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garcia
Journal of Dentistry.2024; 151: 105445. CrossRef

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3 Web of Science
3 Crossref

Comparative analysis of bond strength to root dentin and compression of bioceramic cements used in regenerative endodontic procedures: Maykely Naara Morais Rodrigues, Kely Firmino Bruno, Ana Helena Gonçalves de Alencar, Julyana Dumas Santos Silva, Patrícia Correia de Siqueira, Daniel de Almeida Decurcio, Carlos Estrela; Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(4):e59. Published online November 9, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e59

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This study compared the Biodentine, MTA Repair HP, and Bio-C Repair bioceramics in terms of bond strength to dentin, failure mode, and compression.

Materials and Methods

Fifty-four slices obtained from the cervical third of 18 single-rooted human mandibular premolars were randomly distributed (n = 18). After insertion of the bioceramic materials, the push-out test was performed. The failure mode was analyzed using stereomicroscopy. Another set of cylindrically-shaped bioceramic samples (n = 10) was prepared for compressive strength testing. The normality of data distribution was analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test. The Kruskal-Wallis and Friedman tests were used for the push-out test data, while compressive strength was analyzed with analysis of variance and the Tukey test, considering a significance level of 0.05.

Results

Biodentine presented a higher median bond strength value (14.79 MPa) than MTA Repair HP (8.84 MPa) and Bio-C Repair (3.48 MPa), with a significant difference only between Biodentine and Bio-C Repair. In the Biodentine group, the most frequent failure mode was mixed (61%), while in the MTA Repair HP and Bio-C Repair groups, it was adhesive (94% and 72%, respectively). Biodentine showed greater resistance to compression (29.59 ± 8.47 MPa) than MTA Repair HP (18.68 ± 7.40 MPa) and Bio-C Repair (19.96 ± 3.96 MPa) (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Biodentine showed greater compressive strength than MTA Repair HP and Bio-C Repair, and greater bond strength than Bio-C Repair. The most frequent failure mode of Biodentine was mixed, while that of MTA Repair HP and Bio-C Repair was adhesive.

Citations

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Comparación de la resistencia compresiva entre el Agregado Trióxido Mineral y BiodentineTM en perforaciones de furca de molares inferiores permanentes
Jheymy Gerardo Huatuco-Granda, John Paul Torres-Navarro, Rosa Josefina Roncal-Espinoza
Revista Facultad de Odontología.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Effects of different calcium-silicate based materials on fracture resistance of immature permanent teeth with replacement root resorption and osteoclastogenesis
Gabriela Leite de Souza, Gabrielle Alves Nunes Freitas, Maria Tereza Hordones Ribeiro, Nelly Xiomara Alvarado Lemus, Carlos José Soares, Camilla Christian Gomes Moura
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Evaluation the Marginal Adaptation for the Bio C Repair and Other Root end Filling Material by Using Scanning Electron Microscope (A Comparative In Vitro Study)
Fatimah HAMADHİ, Zainab M.
Cumhuriyet Dental Journal.2023; 26(3): 261. CrossRef
Dentin Bond Strength of Calcium Silicate-Based Materials: A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies
Natalia Radulica, José Luis Sanz, Adrián Lozano
Applied Sciences.2023; 14(1): 104. CrossRef
Evaluation Of The Push-out Bond Strength Of The Bio-C Repair And Compare It With The Mineral Trioxide Aggregate And Amalgam When Used As Root-end Filling Material
Fatimah R. Hammadi, Zainab M Abdul-Ameer
Dental Hypotheses.2023; 14(2): 62. CrossRef
Effect of different root canal irrigants on push-out bond strength of two novel root-end filling materials
Nada Omar, Rasha M. Abdelraouf, Tamer M. Hamdy
BMC Oral Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of irrigation systems on the bond strength of calcium-silicate-based cement used as pulp barrier in regenerative endodontic treatment
Cihan Hascizmeci, Burak Buldur
Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology.2023; 37(23): 3393. CrossRef

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Case Report

Fiber-reinforced composite post removal using guided endodontics: a case report: Changgi Cho, Hyo Jin Jo, Jung-Hong Ha; Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(4):e50. Published online September 23, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e50

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Although several techniques have been proposed to remove fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) post, no safe and efficient technique has been established. Recently, a guided endodontics technique has been introduced in cases of pulp canal obliteration. This study describes 2 cases of FRC post removal from maxillary anterior teeth using this guided endodontics technique with a dental operating microscope. Optically scanned data set from plaster cast model was superimposed with the data set of cone-beam computed tomography. By implant planning software, the path of a guide drill was selected. Based on them, a customized stent was fabricated and utilized to remove the FRC post. Employing guided endodontics, the FRC post was removed quickly and safely with minimizing the loss of the remaining tooth structure. The guided endodontics was a useful option for FRC post removal.

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Guided Removal of Long and Short Fiber Posts Using Endodontic Static Guides: A Case Report
Sahar Shafagh, Mamak Adel, Atiyeh Sabzpai
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Gustavo Adrián Morales Valladares, Raquel Esmeralda Guillén Guillén, Martha Elena Gallegos Intriago, Mary Yussely Burgos Barreiro, Claudia Jhelissa Campos Vélez, Andrés Alexander Castillo Chacón, Silvana Beatriz Terán Ayala
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Mamak Adel, Zohreh Asgari
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Comparing the Effectiveness of a Robotic and Dynamic Navigation System in Fiber Post removal: An In Vitro Study
Duo Zhou, Fulu Xu, Jiayun Dai, Xingyang Wang, Yifan Ping, Juan Wang
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Aakansha Puri, Dax Abraham, Alpa Gupta
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Maysa Gaudereto Laurindo, Celso Neiva Campos, Anamaria Pessoa Pereira Leite, Paola Cantamissa Rodrigues Ferreira
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R. Krug, F. Schwarz, C. Dullin, W. Leontiev, T. Connert, G. Krastl, F. Haupt
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Ryota Ito, Satoshi Watanabe, Kazuhisa Satake, Ryuma Saito, Takashi Okiji
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Mina Davaji, Sahar Karimpour
Saudi Endodontic Journal.2024; 14(2): 245. CrossRef
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Francesc Abella Sans, Zeena Tariq Alatiya, Gonzalo Gómez Val, Venkateshbabu Nagendrababu, Paul Michael Howell Dummer, Fernando Durán‐Sindreu Terol, Juan Gonzalo Olivieri
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Yang Xue, Lei Zhang, Ye Cao, Yongsheng Zhou, Qiufei Xie, Xiaoxiang Xu
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Siyi Mo, Yongwei Xu, Lei Zhang, Ye Cao, Yongsheng Zhou, Xiaoxiang Xu
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Expert consensus on digital guided therapy for endodontic diseases
Xi Wei, Yu Du, Xuedong Zhou, Lin Yue, Qing Yu, Benxiang Hou, Zhi Chen, Jingping Liang, Wenxia Chen, Lihong Qiu, Xiangya Huang, Liuyan Meng, Dingming Huang, Xiaoyan Wang, Yu Tian, Zisheng Tang, Qi Zhang, Leiying Miao, Jin Zhao, Deqin Yang, Jian Yang, Junqi
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Aruna Kumari Veronica, Shamini Sai, Anand V Susila
Endodontology.2023; 35(3): 228. CrossRef

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Review Article

Traditional and minimally invasive access cavities in endodontics: a literature review: Ioanna Kapetanaki, Fotis Dimopoulos, Christos Gogos; Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(3):e46. Published online August 13, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e46

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

The aim of this review was to evaluate the effects of different access cavity designs on endodontic treatment and tooth prognosis. Two independent reviewers conducted an unrestricted search of the relevant literature contained in the following electronic databases: PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, and OpenGrey. The electronic search was supplemented by a manual search during the same time period. The reference lists of the articles that advanced to second-round screening were hand-searched to identify additional potential articles. Experts were also contacted in an effort to learn about possible unpublished or ongoing studies. The benefits of minimally invasive access (MIA) cavities are not yet fully supported by research data. There is no evidence that this approach can replace the traditional approach of straight-line access cavities. Guided endodontics is a new method for teeth with pulp canal calcification and apical infection, but there have been no cost-benefit investigations or time studies to verify these personal opinions. Although the purpose of MIA cavities is to reflect clinicians' interest in retaining a greater amount of the dental substance, traditional cavities are the safer method for effective instrument operation and the prevention of iatrogenic complications.

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Benefits of Using Magnification in Access Cavity Preparation by Undergraduate Dental Students: A Micro‐Computed Tomography Study
Manal Almaslamani, Okba Mahmoud, Aya Ali, Mawada Abdelmagied
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Effect of access cavity design on canal instrumentation efficiency and fracture resistance in mandibular molars: A cone-beam computed tomography study
Dalia Al-Harith, Rawan Meshal AlOtaibi
Saudi Journal of Oral Sciences.2025; 12(1): 72. CrossRef
Full-coverage Porcelain-fused-to-metal Crown with Guided Access for Future Endodontic Treatment: A Comparative Pilot In Vitro Study
Mohammed Mashyakhy, Hemant Chourasia, Hafiz Adawi, Abdulaziz Abu-Melha, Elham Khudhayr, Rafif Bakri, Taif Kameli, Khalid Moashy, Hitesh Chohan
The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice.2025; 26(3): 234. CrossRef
Comparative evaluation of root canal morphology in mandibular first premolars with deep radicular grooves using direct vision, dental operating microscope, 2D radiographic visualisation and micro-computed tomography
Mohmed Isaqali Karobari, Hany Mohamed Aly Ahmed, Mohd Fadhli Bin Khamis, Norliza Ibrahim, Tahir Yusuf Noorani, Miriam Fatima Zaccaro Scelza
PLOS One.2025; 20(7): e0329439. CrossRef
Impact of conservative and traditional endodontic accesses on the strength of maxillary zirconia crowns
Carlos A. Jurado, Gustavo Morrice, Mark Antal, Silvia Rojas‐Rueda, Francisco X. Azpiazu‐Flores, Brian R. Morrow, Franklin Garcia‐Godoy, Damian J. Lee
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A Finite Element Method Study of Stress Distribution in Dental Hard Tissues: Impact of Access Cavity Design and Restoration Material
Mihaela-Roxana Boțilă, Dragos Laurențiu Popa, Răzvan Mercuț, Monica Mihaela Iacov-Crăițoiu, Monica Scrieciu, Sanda Mihaela Popescu, Veronica Mercuț
Bioengineering.2024; 11(9): 878. CrossRef
Impact of Access Cavity Design on Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Maxillary First Premolar: In Vitro
Anju Daniel, Abdul Rahman Saleh, Anas Al-Jadaa, Waad Kheder
Brazilian Dental Journal.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Management of Traumatized Teeth With Severely Calcified Canals and Minimally Invasive Access Cavity Using the AReneto® System: A Case Report
Pucha Sai Manaswini, Varun Prabhuji, Champa C, Srirekha A, Veena S Pai
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Exploring the Impact of Access Cavity Designs on Canal Orifice Localization and Debris Presence: A Scoping Review
Mario Dioguardi, Davide La Notte, Diego Sovereto, Cristian Quarta, Andrea Ballini, Vito Crincoli, Riccardo Aiuto, Mario Alovisi, Angelo Martella, Lorenzo Lo Muzio
Clinical and Experimental Dental Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The effect of computer aided navigation techniques on the precision of endodontic access cavities: A systematic review and meta-analysis
P. R. Kesharani, S. D. Aggarwal, N. K. Patel, J. A. Patel, D. A. Patil, S. H. Modi
Endodontics Today.2024; 22(3): 244. CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Access Cavity Designs: A Review
Sushmita Rane, Varsha Pandit, Ashwini Gaikwad, Shivani Chavan, Rajlaxmi Patil, Mrunal Shinde
Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences.2024; 16(Suppl 3): S1971. CrossRef
Influence of Cavity Designs on Fracture Resistance: Analysis of the Role of Different Access Techniques to the Endodontic Cavity in the Onset of Fractures: Narrative Review
Mario Dioguardi, Davide La Notte, Diego Sovereto, Cristian Quarta, Angelo Martella, Andrea Ballini, Cornelis H. Pameijer
The Scientific World Journal.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
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Varun Prabhuji, A. Srirekha, Veena Pai, Archana Srinivasan, S. M. Laxmikanth, Shwetha Shanbhag
Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.2024; 27(8): 884. CrossRef
Minimal Invasive Endodontics: A Comprehensive Narrative Review
Jaydip Marvaniya, Kishan Agarwal, Dhaval N Mehta, Nirav Parmar, Ritwik Shyamal , Jenee Patel
Cureus.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

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Research Articles

Which factors related to apical radiolucency may influence its radiographic detection? A study using CBCT as reference standard: Rocharles Cavalcante Fontenele, Eduarda Helena Leandro Nascimento, Hugo Gaêta-Araujo, Laís Oliveira de Araujo Cardelli, Deborah Queiroz Freitas; Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(3):e43. Published online July 21, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e43

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the detection rate of apical radiolucencies in 2-dimensional images using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) as the reference standard, and to determine which factors related to the apical radiolucencies and the teeth could influence its detection.

Materials and Methods

The sample consisted of exams of patients who had panoramic (PAN) and/or periapical (PERI) radiography and CBCT. The exams were assessed by 2 oral radiologists and divided into PAN+CBCT (227 teeth–285 roots) and PERI+CBCT (94 teeth–115 roots). Radiographic images were evaluated for the presence of apical radiolucency, while CBCT images were assessed for presence, size, location, and involvement of the cortical bone (thinning, expansion, and destruction). Diagnostic values were obtained for PERI and PAN.

Results

PERI and PAN presented high accuracy (0.83 and 0.77, respectively) and specificity (0.89 and 0.91, respectively), but low sensitivity, especially for PAN (0.40 vs. 0.65 of PERI). The size of the apical radiolucency was positively correlated with its detection in PERI and PAN (p < 0.001). For PAN, apical radiolucencies were 3.93 times more frequently detected when related to single-rooted teeth (p = 0.038). The other factors did not influence apical radiolucency detection (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

PERI presents slightly better accuracy than PAN for the detection of apical radiolucency. The size is the only factor related to radiolucency that influences its detection, for both radiographic exams. For PAN, apical radiolucency is most often detected in single-rooted teeth.

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Radiomics-based classification of pediatric dental trauma in periapical radiographs: a preliminary study
Mengtian Peng, Bin Yu, Juan Hu, Xiaoxin Xie, Jihong He
BMC Medical Imaging.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Increasing Diagnostic Acumen in Endodontics
Shilpa Thakkar, Dana Mominkhan
Dental Clinics of North America.2025; 69(4): 479. CrossRef
Three-dimensional clinical assessment for MRONJ risk in oncologic patients following tooth extractions
Catalina Moreno Rabie, Rocharles Cavalcante Fontenele, Nicolly Oliveira Santos, Fernanda Nogueira Reis, Tim Van den Wyngaert, Reinhilde Jacobs
Dentomaxillofacial Radiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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Roy George
Evidence-Based Dentistry.2022; 23(3): 98. CrossRef

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Ten years of minimally invasive access cavities in Endodontics: a bibliometric analysis of the 25 most-cited studies: Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva, Karem Paula Pinto, Natasha C. Ajuz, Luciana Moura Sassone; Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(3):e42. Published online July 21, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e42

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This study aimed to analyze the main features of the 25 most-cited articles in minimally invasive access cavities.

Materials and Methods

An electronic search was conducted on the Clarivate Analytics' Web of Science ‘All Databases’ to identify the most-cited articles related to this topic. Citation counts were cross-matched with data from Elsevier's Scopus and Google Scholar. Information about authors, contributing institutions and countries, year and journal of publication, study design and topic, access cavity, and keywords were analyzed.

Results

The top 25 most-cited articles received a total of 572 (Web of Science), 1,160 (Google Scholar) and 631 (Scopus) citations. It was observed a positive significant association between the number of citations and age of publication (r = 0.6907, p < 0.0001); however, there was no significant association regarding citation density and age of publication (r = −0.2631, p = 0.2038). The Journal of Endodontics made the highest contribution (n = 15, 60%). The United States had the largest number of publications (n = 7) followed by Brazil (n = 4), with the most contributions from the University of Tennessee and Grande Rio University (n = 3), respectively. The highest number of most-cited articles were ex vivo studies (n = 16), and ‘fracture resistance’ was the major topic studied (n = 10).

Conclusions

This study revealed a growing interest for researchers in the field of minimally invasive access cavities. Future trends are focused on the expansion of collaborative networks and the conduction of laboratory studies on under-investigated parameters.

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Laise Pena Braga Monteiro, Larissa Pillar Gomes Martel, Roberta Fonseca de Castro, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da Silva, Juliana Melo da Silva Brandão
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Oscar Alejandro Gutiérrez-Alvarez, Luis Alberto Pantoja-Villa, Benigno Miguel Calderón-Rojas
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Camila Segatto Hartmann, Luiz Fernando Monteiro Czornobay, Julia Menezes Savaris, Aurélio de Oliveira Rocha, Lucas Menezes dos Anjos, Bruno Alexandre Pacheco de Castro Henriques, Mariane Cardoso, Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garcia, Cleonice da Silveira Teixe
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Mehmet Eskibağlar, Serkan Erdem, Büşra Karaağaç Eskibağlar, Mete Onur Kaman
PeerJ.2024; 12: e17921. CrossRef
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Thaine Oliveira Lima, Aurélio de Oliveira Rocha, Lucas Menezes dos Anjos, Nailson Silva Meneses Júnior, Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte, Murilo Priori Alcalde, Mariane Cardoso, Rodrigo Ricci Vivan
Journal of Endodontics.2024; 50(1): 10. CrossRef
Novel method for augmented reality guided endodontics: An in vitro study
Marco Farronato, Andres Torres, Mariano S. Pedano, Reinhilde Jacobs
Journal of Dentistry.2023; 132: 104476. CrossRef
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Olcay ÖZDEMİR, Yağız ÖZBAY, Neslihan YILMAZ ÇIRAKOĞLU
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Effect of access cavities on the biomechanics of mandibular molars: a finite element analysis
Xiao Wang, Dan Wang, Yi-rong Wang, Xiao-gang Cheng, Long-xing Ni, Wei Wang, Yu Tian
BMC Oral Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Contemporary research trends on nanoparticles in endodontics: a bibliometric and scientometric analysis of the top 100 most-cited articles
Sıla Nur Usta, Zeliha Uğur-Aydın, Kadriye Demirkaya, Cumhur Aydın
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Evolving trend of systematic reviews and meta-analyses in endodontics: A bibliometric study
GalvinSim Siang Lin, JiaZheng Leong, WenXin Chong, MikoChong Kha Chee, ChinSheng Lee, Manahil Maqbool, TahirYusuf Noorani
Saudi Endodontic Journal.2022; 12(3): 236. CrossRef
Global research trends on photodynamic therapy in endodontics: A bibliometric analysis
Lucas Peixoto de Araújo, Wellington Luiz de Oliveira da Rosa, Leandro Bueno Gobbo, Tamares Andrade da Silva, José Flávio Affonso de Almeida, Caio Cezar Randi Ferraz
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy.2022; 40: 103039. CrossRef
Minimal Invasive Endodontics: A Comprehensive Narrative Review
Jaydip Marvaniya, Kishan Agarwal, Dhaval N Mehta, Nirav Parmar, Ritwik Shyamal , Jenee Patel
Cureus.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

2,928 View
28 Download
8 Web of Science
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A novel antimicrobial-containing nanocellulose scaffold for regenerative endodontics: Victoria Kichler, Lucas Soares Teixeira, Maick Meneguzzo Prado, Guilherme Colla, Daniela Peressoni Vieira Schuldt, Beatriz Serrato Coelho, Luismar Marques Porto, Josiane de Almeida; Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(2):e20. Published online March 16, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e20

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) membranes incorporated with antimicrobial agents regarding cytotoxicity in fibroblasts of the periodontal ligament (PDLF), antimicrobial activity, and inhibition of multispecies biofilm formation.

Materials and Methods

The tested BNC membranes were BNC + 1% clindamycin (BNC/CLI); BNC + 0.12% chlorhexidine (BNC/CHX); BNC + nitric oxide (BNC/NO); and conventional BNC (BNC; control). After PDLF culture, the BNC membranes were positioned in the wells and maintained for 24 hours. Cell viability was then evaluated using the MTS calorimetric test. Antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Actinomyces naeslundii, and Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis) was evaluated using the agar diffusion test. To assess the antibiofilm activity, BNC membranes were exposed for 24 hours to the mixed culture. After sonicating the BNC membranes to remove the remaining biofilm and plating the suspension on agar, the number of colony-forming units (CFU)/mL was determined. Data were analyzed by 1-way analysis of variance and the Tukey, Kruskal-Wallis, and Dunn tests (α = 5%).

Results

PDLF metabolic activity after contact with BNC/CHX, BNC/CLI, and BNC/NO was 35%, 61% and 97%, respectively, compared to BNC. BNC/NO showed biocompatibility similar to that of BNC (p = 0.78). BNC/CLI showed the largest inhibition halos, and was superior to the other BNC membranes against S. sanguinis (p < 0.05). The experimental BNC membranes inhibited biofilm formation, with about a 3-fold log CFU reduction compared to BNC (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

BNC/NO showed excellent biocompatibility and inhibited multispecies biofilm formation, similarly to BNC/CLI and BNC/CHX.

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Ilma Robo, Manola Kelmendi, Eva Habazaj, Kleves Elezi, Rialda Xhizdari, Nevila Alliu
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Yasmin Alimardani, Esmaeel Mirzakhani, Fereshteh Ansari, Hadi Pourjafar, Nadia Sadeghi
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Ahmed Barhoum, Vibhore K. Rastogi, Bhupender K. Mahur, Amit Rastogi, Fatehy M. Abdel-Haleem, Pieter Samyn
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The current natural/chemical materials and innovative technologies in periodontal diseases therapy and regeneration: A narrative review
Peyman Esmaeili Fard Barzegar, Reza Ranjbar, Mohsen Yazdanian, Elahe Tahmasebi, Mostafa Alam, Kamyar Abbasi, Hamid Tebyaniyan, Keyvan Esmaeili Fard Barzegar
Materials Today Communications.2022; 32: 104099. CrossRef

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YouTube as an information source for instrument separation in root canal treatment: Yağız Özbay, Neslihan Yılmaz Çırakoğlu; Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(1):e8. Published online January 12, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e8

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

The reliability and educational quality of videos on YouTube for patients seeking information regarding instrument separation in root canal treatment were evaluated.

Materials and Methods

YouTube was searched for videos on instrument separation in root canal treatment. Video content was scored based on reliability in terms of 3 categories (etiology, procedure, and prognosis) and based on video flow, quality, and educational usefulness using the Global Quality Score (GQS). Descriptive statistics were obtained and the data were analyzed using analysis of variance and the Kruskal-Wallis test.

Results

The highest mean completeness scores were obtained for videos published by dentists or specialists (1.48 ± 1.06). There was no statistically significant difference among sources of upload in terms of content completeness. The highest mean GQS was found for videos published by dentists or specialists (1.82 ± 0.96), although there was no statistically significant correlation between GQS and the source of upload.

Conclusions

Videos on YouTube have incomplete and low-quality content for patients who are concerned about instrument separation during endodontic treatment, or who experience this complication during endodontic treatment.

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Hüseyin Gürkan Güneç, Emine Kaya, Dila Nur Okumuş, Merve Gül Erence
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Merve Gökyar, İdil Özden, Hesna Sazak Öveçoğlu
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Emre Cesur, Koray Tuncer, Duygu Sevgi, Barkın Cem Balaban, Can Arslan
Turkish Journal of Orthodontics.2024; 37(1): 44. CrossRef
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Celalettin Topbaş, Tuğçe Paksoy, Ayşe Gülnihal İslamoğlu, Kemal Çağlar, Abdurrahman Kerim Kul
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Lena Holland, Amelie Friederike Kanzow, Annette Wiegand, Philipp Kanzow
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Stewart McLean, Neil Cook, Alexander Rovira-Wilde, Shanon Patel, Shalini Kanagasingam
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Gülçin CAGAY SEVENCAN, Zeynep Şeyda YAVŞAN
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Mehmet BULDUR, Fatma AYTAÇ BAL
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Corrosion resistance assessment of nickel-titanium endodontic files with and without heat treatment: Tatiana Dias Costa, Elison da Fonseca e Silva, Paula Liparini Caetano, Marcio José da Silva Campos, Leandro Marques Resende, André Guimarães Machado, Antônio Márcio Resende do Carmo; Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(1):e6. Published online December 28, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e6

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate the corrosion resistance of heat-treated (Reciproc and WaveOne) and non-heat-treated (ProTaper and Mtwo) superelastic nickel-titanium endodontic files when immersed in a 5.25% sodium hypochlorite solution.

Materials and Methods

Anodic polarization curves were obtained with potential sweeps that began at the open circuit potential or corrosion potential (E_corr). The pitting potential (E_pit) was identified on the anodic polarization curve as the potential at which a sudden increase in current was observed. The micromorphology of the 28 tested files was analyzed before and after the electrochemical assay using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The data were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance with the post hoc Bonferroni test (for E_corr) and the Student t-test for independent samples (for E_pit).

Results

The mean E_corr values were 0.506 V for ProTaper, 0.348 V for Mtwo, 0.542 V for Reciproc, and 0.321 V for WaveOne files. Only WaveOne and Protaper files exhibited pitting corrosion, with E_pit values of 0.879 V and 0.904 V, respectively. On the SEM images of the ProTaper and WaveOne files, cavities suggestive of pitting corrosion were detected.

Conclusions

Signs of corrosion were observed in both heat-treated and non-heat-treated files. Of the evaluated files, WaveOne (a heat-treated file) and ProTaper (a non-heat-treated file) exhibited the lowest corrosion resistance.

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A novel approach to assess surface roughness and EDX profiling of blue rotary NiTi files following dynamic immersion in various hypochlorite concentrations
Hebatullah Ahmad Safwat, Nesreen Y. Mohammed, Asmaa Abd El-Hady
BMC Oral Health.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of phytic acid on chemical, structural, and mechanical characteristics of nickel–titanium endodontic files
Mai Samara, Mohannad Nassar, Abdullah Alqedairi, Hussam Alfawaz, Ahmed Jamleh
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Investigating the Tribocorrosion Behaviour of NiTiNOL60 Alloy in Engineering and Biomedical Applications—An Overview
Anthony O. Okoani, Ashveen Nand, Cho-Pei Jiang, Maziar Ramezani
Metals.2024; 14(12): 1334. CrossRef
Electrochemical Properties of Nickel-Titanium Rotary Endodontic Instruments
Vidyalakshmi Subramanian, Howard W. Roberts, Shengtong Han, Stephanie J. Sidow, David W. Berzins
Journal of Endodontics.2024; 50(8): 1143. CrossRef
Effects of sodium hypochlorite on corrosion of the rotary nickel-titanium endodontic instruments - SEM analysis
Milica Jovanovic-Medojevic, Jelena Neskovic, Marijana Popovic-Bajic, Djordje Stratimirovic, Slavoljub Zivkovic
Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo.2022; 150(5-6): 254. CrossRef
Economic analysis of the different endodontic instrumentation techniques used in the Unified Health System
Laura Paredes Merchan, Livia Fernandes Probst, Ana Clara Correa Duarte Simões, Augusto Cesar Santos Raimundo, Yuri Wanderley Cavalcanti, Denise de Fátima Barros Cavalcante, João Victor Frazão Câmara, Antonio Carlos Pereira
BMC Oral Health.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

1,705 View
25 Download
4 Web of Science
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A micro-computed tomographic study using a novel test model to assess the filling ability and volumetric changes of bioceramic root repair materials: Fernanda Ferrari Esteves Torres, Jader Camilo Pinto, Gabriella Oliveira Figueira, Juliane Maria Guerreiro-Tanomaru, Mario Tanomaru-Filho; Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(1):e2. Published online December 8, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e2

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

New premixed bioceramic root repair materials require moisture for setting. Using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), this study evaluated the filling ability and volumetric changes of calcium silicate-based repair materials (mineral trioxide aggregate repair high-plasticity [MTA HP] and Bio-C Repair, Angelus), in comparison with a zinc oxide and eugenol-based material (intermediate restorative material [IRM]; Dentsply DeTrey).

Materials and Methods

Gypsum models with cavities 3 mm deep and 1 mm in diameter were manufactured and scanned using micro-CT (SkyScan 1272. Bruker). The cavities were filled with the cements and scanned again to evaluate their filling capacity. Another scan was performed after immersing the samples in distilled water for 7 days to assess the volumetric changes of the cements. The statistical significance of differences in the data was evaluated using analysis of variance and the Tukey test with a 5% significance level.

Results

Bio-C Repair had a greater filling ability than MTA HP (p < 0.05). IRM was similar to Bio-C and MTA HP (p > 0.05). MTA HP presented the largest volumetric change (p < 0.05), showing more volume loss than Bio-C and IRM, which were similar (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

Bio-C Repair is a new endodontic material with excellent filling capacity and low volumetric change. The gypsum model proposed for evaluating filling ability and volumetric changes by micro-CT had appropriate and reproducible results. This model may enhance the physicochemical evaluation of premixed bioceramic materials, which need moisture for setting.

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Comparative evaluation of sealing potential of mineral trioxide aggregate, biodentine, and bio-C repair in furcation perforations: A glucose penetration study
Ashwija Shetty, Hajira Anjum Sultana, A. Srirekha, C. Champa, Suditi Pal, V. Sahithi
Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.2025; 28(2): 144. CrossRef
Evaluation of volumetric and surface stability of calcium silicate-based repair cements at different pHs
Ana Cristina Padilha Janini, Débora Leticia Bittencourt Leite Alves, Victor Augusto Benedicto dos Santos, Brenda Fornazaro Moraes, Nilvan Alves da Silva, Matheus Barros-Costa, Luciano Augusto Cano Martins, Francisco Haiter Neto, Marina Angélica Marciano
Clinical Oral Investigations.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Bioceramics in Endodontics: Limitations and Future Innovations—A Review
Peramune Arachchilage Amila Saman Prasad Kumara, Paul Roy Cooper, Peter Cathro, Maree Gould, George Dias, Jithendra Ratnayake
Dentistry Journal.2025; 13(4): 157. CrossRef
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Danilo Cassiano Ferraz, Jáder Camilo Pinto, Ariadne Letra, Renato Menezes Silva, Letícia Chaves de Souza, Juliane Maria Guerreiro-Tanomaru, Mario Tanomaru-Filho
Clinical Oral Investigations.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
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Krasimir Hristov, Ralitsa Bogovska-Gigova
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Effect of pH on the solubility and volumetric change of ready-to-use Bio-C Repair bioceramic material
Luana Raphael da SILVA, Jader Camilo PINTO, Juliane Maria GUERREIRO-TANOMARU, Mário TANOMARU-FILHO
Brazilian Oral Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of blood and artificial saliva contamination on marginal adaptation and sealing ability of different retrograde filling materials: A comparative analysis
Yantrapragada Lakshmi Sunanda, Krishna Prasad Parvathaneni, T. B. V. G. Raju, Abitha Seshadri, Gowtam Dev Dondapati
Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.2024; 27(7): 743. CrossRef
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Yaneta Kouzmanova, Ivanka Dimitrova
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Giovanna da Cunha Mendonça, Karina Ines Medina Carita Tavares, Airton Oliveira Santos-Junior, Fernanda Ferrari Esteves Torres, Jáder Camilo Pinto, Juliane Maria Guerreiro-Tanomaru, Mário Tanomaru-Filho
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Biocompatibility, bioactivity, porosity, and sealer/dentin interface of bioceramic ready-to-use sealers using a dentin-tube model
Rafaela Nanami Handa Inada, Evelin Carine Alves Silva, Camila Soares Lopes, Marcela Borsatto Queiroz, Fernanda Ferrari Esteves Torres, Guilherme Ferreira da Silva, Paulo Sérgio Cerri, Juliane Maria Guerreiro–Tanomaru, Mário Tanomaru-Filho
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Ashwija Shetty, Hajira A Sultana, Keerthan B V, Nithin S Reddy
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Evaluation the Marginal Adaptation for the Bio C Repair and Other Root end Filling Material by Using Scanning Electron Microscope (A Comparative In Vitro Study)
Fatimah HAMADHİ, Zainab M.
Cumhuriyet Dental Journal.2023; 26(3): 261. CrossRef
Biocompatibility, bioactive potential, porosity, and interface analysis calcium silicate repair cements in a dentin tube model
Rafaela Nanami Handa Inada, Marcela Borsatto Queiroz, Camila Soares Lopes, Evelin Carine Alves Silva, Fernanda Ferrari Esteves Torres, Guilherme Ferreira da Silva, Juliane Maria Guerreiro-Tanomaru, Paulo Sérgio Cerri, Mário Tanomaru-Filho
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Giovanna da Cunha MENDONÇA, Karina Ines Medina Carita TAVARES, Airton Oliveira SANTOS-JUNIOR, Jáder Camilo PINTO, Juliane Maria GUERREIRO-TANOMARU, Mário TANOMARU-FILHO
Revista de Odontologia da UNESP.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

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Incorporation of amoxicillin-loaded microspheres in mineral trioxide aggregate cement: an in vitro study: Fábio Rocha Bohns, Vicente Castelo Branco Leitune, Isadora Martini Garcia, Bruna Genari, Nélio Bairros Dornelles, Silvia Stanisçuaski Guterres, Fabrício Aulo Ogliari, Mary Anne Sampaio de Melo, Fabrício Mezzomo Collares; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(4):e50. Published online October 7, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e50

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

In this study, we investigated the potential of amoxicillin-loaded polymeric microspheres to be delivered to tooth root infection sites via a bioactive reparative cement.

Materials and Methods

Amoxicillin-loaded microspheres were synthesized by a spray-dray method and incorporated at 2.5% and 5% into a mineral trioxide aggregate cement clinically used to induce a mineralized barrier at the root tip of young permanent teeth with incomplete root development and necrotic pulp. The formulations were modified in liquid:powder ratios and in composition by the microspheres. The optimized formulations were evaluated in vitro for physical and mechanical eligibility. The morphology of microspheres was observed under scanning electron microscopy.

Results

The optimized cement formulation containing microspheres at 5% exhibited a delayed-release response and maintained its fundamental functional properties. When mixed with amoxicillin-loaded microspheres, the setting times of both test materials significantly increased. The diametral tensile strength of cement containing microspheres at 5% was similar to control. However, phytic acid had no effect on this outcome (p > 0.05). When mixed with modified liquid:powder ratio, the setting time was significantly longer than that original liquid:powder ratio (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Lack of optimal concentrations of antibiotics at anatomical sites of the dental tissues is a hallmark of recurrent endodontic infections. Therefore, targeting the controlled release of broad-spectrum antibiotics may improve the therapeutic outcomes of current treatments. Overall, these results indicate that the carry of amoxicillin by microspheres could provide an alternative strategy for the local delivery of antibiotics for the management of tooth infections.

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Local drug delivery for regeneration and disinfection in endodontics: A narrative review
Anu Elsa Swaroop, Sylvia Mathew, P. Harshini, Shruthi Nagaraja
Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.2025; 28(2): 119. CrossRef
Modified Mineral Trioxide Aggregate—A Versatile Dental Material: An Insight on Applications and Newer Advancements
C. Pushpalatha, Vismaya Dhareshwar, S. V. Sowmya, Dominic Augustine, Thilla Sekar Vinothkumar, Apathsakayan Renugalakshmi, Amal Shaiban, Ateet Kakti, Shilpa H. Bhandi, Alok Dubey, Amulya V. Rai, Shankargouda Patil
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Local Drug Delivery Systems for Vital Pulp Therapy: A New Hope
Ardavan Parhizkar, Saeed Asgary, Carlo Galli
International Journal of Biomaterials.2021; 2021: 1. CrossRef

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11 Download
3 Crossref

Reference values for pulp oxygen saturation as a diagnostic tool in endodontics: a systematic review and meta-analysis: Paula Lambert, Sergio Augusto Quevedo Miguens, Caroline Solda, Juliana Tomaz Sganzerla, Leandro Azambuja Reichert, Carlos Estrela, Fernando Branco Barletta; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(4):e48. Published online October 5, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e48

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This systematic review aimed to identify mean oxygen saturation values (SpO₂) using pulse oximetry in permanent maxillary anterior teeth.

Materials and Methods

The MEDLINE, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, and Literatura Latino Americana em Ciências da Saúde electronic databases were searched. Combinations and variations of “oximetry” AND “dental pulp test” were used as search terms. Studies reporting means and standard deviations of SpO₂ values were included. Two reviewers independently extracted data following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic, and all analyses were performed using R software. Study quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.

Results

Of the 251 studies identified, 19 met the eligibility criteria and were included (total sample, 4,541 teeth). In the meta-analysis, the mean SpO₂ values were 84.94% (95% confidence interval [CI], 84.85%–85.04%) for the central incisors, 89.29% (95% CI, 89.22%–89.35%) for the lateral incisors, and 89.20% (95% CI, 89.05%–89.34%) for the canines. The studies were predominantly low-quality due to the high risk of bias associated with the index test, unclear risk regarding patient selection, and concerns about outcome assessment.

Conclusions

Although most studies were low-quality, the oxygen saturation levels in normal pulp could be established (minimum saturation, 77.52%). Despite the risk of bias of the included studies, the reference values reported herein are clinically relevant for assessments of changes in pulp status.

Trial Registration

International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews Identifier: CRD42018085598

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Herman J. J. Roeykens, Rani D’haese, Wolfgang Jacquet, Roeland J. G. De Moor, Stefan Vandeweghe
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Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Future trends in endodontics
Foo Suanhow, Tawil Bill
Journal of Applied Biotechnology & Bioengineering.2024; 11(1): 1. CrossRef
Assessment of Pulpal Oxygen Saturation in Caries-free and Carious Maxillary Primary Central Incisors Using a Customized Dental Pulse Oximeter
Shankar Paulindraraj, Hemalatha Ramkumar, Trophimus Gnanabagyan Jayakaran, Kranthi Reddy Kanumuru, Nancy Solomon, Senthil Dakshinamoorthy
International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry.2023; 16(4): 560. CrossRef
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Andreea Igna, Darian Rusu, Emilia Ogodescu, Ștefania Dinu, Marius Boariu, Adrian Voicu, Ștefan-Ioan Stratul
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2022; 12(1): 170. CrossRef
Pulp oxygen saturation measurement as a diagnostic tool for assessing pulp status in primary teeth
Kanamarlapudi Venkata Saikiran, Deepa Gurunathan, Sainath Reddy Elicherla, Sreekanth Kumar Mallineni, Sivakumar Nuvvula
Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry.2022; 40(4): 349. CrossRef
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Xiaoting Huang, Jialing Zhuang, Yongqiang Yang, Jiaxin Jian, Wen Ai, Chunyong Liu, Wenzhi Tang, Changyu Jiang, Yongshen He, Lesheng Huang, Se Peng, Jin Shui Pan
BioMed Research International.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
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Andreea Igna, Cornel Igna, Mariana Ioana Miron, Larisa Schuszler, Roxana Dascălu, Mihaela Moldovan, Adrian Aristide Voicu, Carmen Darinca Todea, Marius Boariu, Maria-Alexandra Mârțu, Ștefan-Ioan Stratul
Diagnostics.2022; 12(8): 2022. CrossRef

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Effects of endodontic treatment on salivary levels of CGRP and substance P: a pilot study: Hakan Arslan, Ezgi Doğanay Yıldız, Serhat Köseoğlu; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(3):e40. Published online July 14, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e40

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of endodontic treatment on levels of substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the saliva of patients with symptomatic apical periodontitis.

Materials and Methods

Twelve patients with mandibular molars with symptomatic apical periodontitis were enrolled in this study. An initial saliva sample was collected just before administration of anesthesia for root canal treatment, which was performed at the first visit. A second saliva sample was collected at a control visit 1 week after treatment. Salivary SP and CGRP levels were evaluated quantitatively using biochemical assays. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis, the paired samples t-test, and the Mann-Whitney U test (p = 0.05).

Results

The postoperative salivary level of SP was significantly lower than the preoperative level (p = 0.005). However, the postoperative salivary level of CGRP was similar to the preoperative level (p = 0.932). Visual analog scale (VAS) scores of patients' subjective pain were found to be positively correlated with salivary levels of SP (r = 0.421; p = 0.040). No statistically significant correlations were observed between salivary levels of CGRP and VAS scores for patients' subjective percussion tenderness (p = 0.533) or VAS scores for patients' subjective pain (p = 0.459).

Conclusions

According to the results of the present study, salivary SP levels may be used as an objective indicator in the diagnosis and assessment of the degree of pain in endodontic diseases.

Trial Registration

Thai Clinical Trials Registry Identifier: TCTR20161228001

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

GCF NLRP3 as a Biomarker for Assessing Endodontic Treatment Outcomes in Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis: A Comparative Nonrandomized, Observational Cross-Sectional Study
Neha Neha, Dax Abraham, Anjana Goyal, Alpa Gupta, Rajat Sharma, Rajeev Kumar Malhotra
Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry.2025; 15(5): 415. CrossRef
Gingival crevicular fluid levels of neurokinin A and substance P in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Dax Abraham, Arundeep Singh, Anjana Goyal
Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry.2023; 13(4): 307. CrossRef
Nociceptor–Macrophage Interactions in Apical Periodontitis: How Biomolecules Link Inflammation with Pain
Nandita Menon, Anil Kishen
Biomolecules.2023; 13(8): 1193. CrossRef
Quantitative analysis of culturable bacteria, levels of endotoxins, inflammatory mediators and substance P in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and in teeth with vital normal pulp tissues
R. Arruda‐Vasconcelos, V. M. Chiarelli‐Neto, L. M. Louzada, E. Aveiro, E. G. Alves‐Silva, A. de‐Jesus‐Soares, C. C. R. Ferraz, J. F. A. Almeida, M. A. Marciano, V. G. A. Pecorari, B. P. F. A. Gomes
International Endodontic Journal.2023; 56(7): 827. CrossRef

2,193 View
18 Download
4 Crossref

Apical root canal cleaning after preparation with endodontic instruments: a randomized trial in vivo analysis: Volmir João Fornari, Mateus Silveira Martins Hartmann, José Roberto Vanni, Rubens Rodriguez, Marina Canali Langaro, Lauter Eston Pelepenko, Alexandre Augusto Zaia; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(3):e38. Published online June 24, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e38

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate vital pulp tissue removal from different endodontic instrumentation systems from root canal apical third in vivo.

Materials and Methods

Thirty mandibular molars were selected and randomly divided into 2 test groups and one control group. Inclusion criteria were a positive response to cold sensibility test, curvature angle between 10 and 20 degrees, and curvature radius lower than 10 mm. Root canals prepared with Hero 642 system (size 45/0.02) (n = 10) and Reciproc R40 (size 40/0.06) (n = 10) and control (n = 10) without instrumentation. Canals were irrigated only with saline solution during root canal preparation. The apical third was evaluated considering the touched/untouched perimeter and area to evaluate the efficacy of root canal wall debridement. Statistical analysis used t-test for comparisons.

Results

Untouched root canal at cross-section perimeter, the Hero 642 system showed 41.44% ± 5.62% and Reciproc R40 58.67% ± 12.39% without contact with instruments. Regarding the untouched area, Hero 642 system showed 22.78% ± 6.42% and Reciproc R40 34.35% ± 8.52%. Neither instrument achieved complete cross-sectional root canal debridement. Hero 642 system rotary taper 0.02 instruments achieved significant greater wall contact perimeter and area compared to reciprocate the Reciproc R40 taper 0.06 instrument.

Conclusions

Hero 642 achieved higher wall contact perimeter and area but, regardless of instrument size and taper, vital pulp during in vivo instrumentation is not entirely removed.

Citations

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Unveiling the correlation between in vivo endodontic reciprocate instrumentation and crack formation
Mateus Silveira Martins Hartmann, José Roberto Vanni, Karla Rovaris, Lucas Jeziorski Hartmann, Lauter Eston Pelepenko, Adriana de-Jesus-Soares, Volmir João Fornari
Journal of Dentistry.2024; 150: 105367. CrossRef
Comparative evaluation of stress distribution against the root canal wall at three different levels using novel NiTi rotary files – A finite element analysis
Rimjhim Singh, Sandeep Dubey, Palak Singh, Praveen Singh Samant, Suparna Ganguly Saha
Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.2024; 27(1): 62. CrossRef
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Sara Paixão, Pedro Sousa Gomes, Maria Helena Fernandes, Cláudia Rodrigues, Liliana Grenho
Applied Sciences.2024; 14(9): 3904. CrossRef
A Short Report on the Effectiveness of Edge Taper Platinum and XP-3D Shaper for the Reduction of Enterococcus faecalis Count in the Root Canal System: An Ex Vivo Study
Hanie Moaveni, Parastou Ghahari, Samira Behrad, Majid Mirmohammadkhani, Sobhan Rashmee, Somayeh Teimoori
Avicenna Journal of Dental Research.2024; 16(2): 77. CrossRef
Comparative in Vitro Study on the Antimicrobial Efficacy of Endodontic Sealers Against Common Oral Pathogens
Csaba Dudás, Zsuzsanna Bardocz-Veres, Anita Iulia Gyulai, Silvia Izabella Pop, Melinda Székely, Bernadette Kerekes-Máthé, Mónika Kovács
Dentistry Journal.2024; 13(1): 17. CrossRef
Periradicular repair after single- and two-visit root canal treatments using ultrasonic irrigant activation and calcium hydroxide dressing of teeth with apical periodontitis: study protocol for randomized controlled trials
Gustavo M. Almeida, Vitor Hugo M. Carvalho, Érika B. P. Silva, Marco Antonio F. Cançado, Leonardo S. Barroso, Erica L. Queiroz, Tien Li An, Ana Paula D. Ribeiro, Jacy R. Carvalho-Junior, André F. Leite
Trials.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
In Vitro Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of EndoSeal MTA, iRoot SP, and AH Plus against Planktonic Bacteria
Siew Thong Mak, Xin Fang Leong, In Meei Tew, Endang Kumolosasi, Lishen Wong
Materials.2022; 15(6): 2012. CrossRef
Influence of apical preparation size and final irrigation protocol on the debridement of oval root canals
Carolina Pessoa Stringheta, Rina Andréa Pelegrine, Victor Angelo Martins Montalli, James L Gutmann, Carlos Eduardo da Silveira Bueno
Brazilian Dental Journal.2021; 32(6): 16. CrossRef

2,367 View
28 Download
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