Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics

Research Articles

Surface properties and susceptibility to staining of a resin composite after brushing with different whitening toothpastes: Aline da Silva Barros, Carolina Meneghin Barbosa, Renata Siqueira Scatolin, Waldemir Francisco Vieira Junior, Laura Nobre Ferraz; Restor Dent Endod 2025;50(1):e6. Published online February 26, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2025.50.e6

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This study investigated the effects of different whitening toothpaste (WT) on the surface properties and staining susceptibility of a resin composite.
Methods
Cylindrical samples were prepared with a micro-hybrid resin composite and were randomized into groups according to the toothpaste (n = 12): distilled water (DW), regular toothpaste (RT), WT with silica + pyrophosphate (WT-S/P), WT with pentaphosphate and pyrophosphate (WT-P/P), WT with hydrogen peroxide and pyrophosphate (WT-HP/P) and WT with charcoal and pyrophosphate (WT-Ch/P). The samples were brushed for 825 cycles in an automatic brushing machine, simulating 30 days of brushing. After that, an immersion in coffee (10 mL/sample) was performed for 30 minutes for 30 days. The analyses of color, surface microhardness (SMH), and surface roughness (Ra) were performed at the initial time, after brushing with toothpaste and after immersion in coffee. The ΔL*, Δa*, Δb*, ΔEab, Δand E00 values were calculated comparing after toothpaste with initial time and after coffee with after toothpaste. Data were analyzed using a mixed linear model for repeated measures (SMH), Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn, Friedman, and Nemenyi tests, with α = 0.05.
Results
For ΔL*, the WT-Ch/P group had the lowest values and differed from the other groups comparing the after toothpaste with the initial time interval (p < 0.001). The WT-Ch/P group had the lowest SMH values in after-toothpaste time (p < 0.001). In after-toothpaste time and after coffee time, the WT-S/P group had the highest Ra values and differed from the groups except the WT-Ch/P group (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
The toothpaste composition affects the surface characteristics and susceptibility to staining of the resin composite. The charcoal-based toothpaste had the worst performance for the color analyses and SMH.

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Can discolored dental composites be bleached in depth?: Luca Giachetti, Daniele Scaminaci Russo, Michele Nieri, Francesca Cinelli; Restor Dent Endod 2024;49(3):e23. Published online June 11, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e23

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Previous in vitro studies determined the whitening effects of bleaching products on stained resin composite surfaces. This in vitro study aimed to verify the effectiveness of a whitening system on composite resin previously subjected to pigmentation, specifically examining the depth of whitening effectiveness within the material structure.
Materials and Methods
A commercially available nano-filled composite resin was used. Specimens were stained using a coffee-based solution and a 10% carbamide peroxide-based gel was employed as the whitening agent. The pigment’s penetration and the effect of the bleaching gel were evaluated by measuring color (CieLab values) from the outer edge to the inner part of the specimens. Color measurements were taken at 14 points, starting from 0.1 mm from the external perimeter up to 3.0 mm.
Results
Analysis of variance tests showed a statistically significant difference between the Control Group (CG), Pigmentation Group, and Whitening Group. The whitening agent was effective up to 1.5 mm in depth, with Whiteness index (W) values not statistically different from those of CG up to 0.5 mm in depth.
Conclusions
Whitening agents on nano-filled resin composite previously pigmented appear effective in restoring the W to values similar to the original, particularly in the superficial layers of the sample.

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Impact of combined at-home bleaching and whitening toothpaste use on the surface and color of a composite resin: Carolina Meneghin Barbosa, Renata Siqueira Scatolin, Waldemir Francisco Vieira-Junior, Marcia Hiromi Tanaka, Laura Nobre Ferraz; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(3):e26. Published online July 26, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e26

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Objective

This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effects of different whitening toothpastes on a composite resin during at-home bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide.

Materials and Methods

Sixty samples (7 mm × 2 mm) were used for color and roughness analyses, while another 60 samples (3 mm × 2 mm) were utilized to assess microhardness. The factors analyzed included toothpaste, for which 5 options with varying active agents were tested (distilled water; conventional toothpaste; whitening toothpaste with abrasive agents; whitening toothpaste with abrasive and chemical agents; and whitening toothpaste with abrasive, chemical, and bleaching agents). Brushing and application of whitening gel were performed for 14 days. Surface microhardness (SMH), surface roughness (Ra), and color (∆L*, ∆a*, ∆b, ∆E*_ab, and ∆E₀₀) were analyzed. The Ra and SMH data were analyzed using mixed generalized linear models for repeated measures, while the color results were assessed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests.

Results

Between the initial and final time points, all groups demonstrated significant increases in Ra and reductions in SMH. No significant differences were found between groups for SMH at the final time point, at which all groups differed from the distilled water group. Conventional toothpaste exhibited the lowest Ra, while whitening toothpaste with abrasive agent had the highest value. No significant differences were observed in ∆L*, ∆a*, and ∆b.

Conclusions

While toothpaste composition did not affect the color stability and microhardness of resin composite, combining toothbrushing with whitening toothpaste and at-home bleaching enhanced the change in Ra.

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At‐Home and In‐Office Bleaching Protocols on the Color Match of Restorations Made With Single‐Shade Composites
Luciana Vasconcelos Ramos, Dayana Fernandes Rocha Aparicio, André Luis Faria‐e‐Silva, Maíra do Prado, Andréa Vaz Braga Pintor, Marcela Baraúna Magno
Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Surface properties and susceptibility to staining of a resin composite after brushing with different whitening toothpastes
Aline da Silva Barros, Carolina Meneghin Barbosa, Renata Siqueira Scatolin, Waldemir Francisco Vieira Junior, Laura Nobre Ferraz
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2025; 50(1): e6. CrossRef
Effect of bleaching and repolishing on whiteness change and staining susceptibility of resin-based materials
Sultan Aktuğ Karademir, Samet Atasoy, Beyza Yılmaz
BMC Oral Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Influence of using different toothpaste during bleaching with violet LED light (405 nm) on the colour and roughness of dental enamel: an in vitro study
Franco Sousa Leticia, Mazzalli Redondo Victor, Ferraz Nobre Laura, Vitti Pino Rafael, Renata Siqueira Scatolin
Lasers in Medical Science.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of coffee staining and simulated oral hygiene methods on the color and translucency of a nanoceramic resin
Luiz Felipe Schneider, Bruna Mueller, Rubens Nisie Tango, Claudia Angela Maziero Volpato
Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.2024; 36(7): 1020. CrossRef

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Epigallocatechin-3-gallate prior to composite resin in abfraction lesions: a split-mouth randomized clinical trial: Luísa Valente Gotardo Lara Alves, Lisiane Martins Fracasso, Thiago Vinicius Cortez, Aline Evangelista Souza-Gabriel, Silmara Aparecida Milori Corona; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(2):e13. Published online March 20, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e13

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Natural extracts have been investigated as a biomimetic strategy to mechanically strengthen the collagen network and control the biodegradation of extracellular matrix. This study evaluated the effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on abfraction lesions prior to the composite resin.
Materials and Methods
The sample consisted of 30 patients (aged between 28 and 60 years) with abfraction lesions located in 2 homologous premolars. The teeth were randomly assigned according to dentin treatment: 0.02% EGCG solution or distilled water (control). After enamel acid etching, the solutions were applied immediately for 1 minute. The teeth were restored with Universal Adhesive (3M) and Filtek Z350 XT (3M). Analyzes were done by 2 independent examiners using modified USPHS (retention, secondary caries, marginal adaptation, and postoperative sensitivity) and photographic (color, marginal pigmentation, and anatomical form) criteria at baseline (7 days) and final (18 months). The data analysis used Friedman and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests (α = 0.05).
Results
At baseline, all restorations were evaluated as alpha for all criteria. After 18 months, restorations were evaluated as alpha for secondary caries, color, and marginal pigmentation. There was significant difference between baseline and 18 months (p = 0.009) for marginal adaptation and postoperative sensitivity (p = 0.029), but no significant difference were verified between treatments (p = 0.433). The EGCG group had a restoration retention rate of 93.3%, while the control group had 96.7%.
Conclusions
The application of EGCG solution on abfraction lesions did not significantly influence the survival of the restorations based on clinical and photographic criteria.

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Effects of surrounding and underlying shades on the color adjustment potential of a single-shade composite used in a thin layer: Mariana Silva Barros, Paula Fernanda Damasceno Silva, Márcia Luciana Carregosa Santana, Rafaella Mariana Fontes Bragança, André Luis Faria-e-Silva; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(1):e7. Published online December 29, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e7

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Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the surrounding and underlying shades’ effect on the color adjustment potential (CAP) of a single-shade composite used in a thin layer.

Materials and Methods

Cylinder specimens (1.0 mm thick) were built with the Vittra APS Unique composite, surrounded (dual specimens) or not (simple specimens) by a control composite (shade A1, A2, or A3). Simple specimens were also built only with the control composites. Each specimen’s color was measured against white and black backgrounds or the simple control specimens with a spectrophotometer (CIELAB system). The whiteness index for dentistry (WI_D) and translucency parameters (TP₀₀) were calculated for simple specimens. Differences (ΔE₀₀) in color between the simple/dual specimens and the controls were calculated. The CAP was calculated based on the ratios between data from simple and dual specimens.

Results

The Vittra APS Unique composite showed higher WI_D and TP₀₀ values than the controls. The highest values of ΔE₀₀ were observed among simple specimens. The color measurements of Vittra APS Unique (simple or dual) against the control specimens presented the lowest color differences. Only surrounding the single-shade composite with a shaded composite barely impacted the ΔE₀₀. The highest CAP values were obtained using a shaded composite under simple or dual specimens.

Conclusions

The CAP of Vittra APS Unique was strongly affected by the underlying shade, while surrounding this composite with a shaded one barely affected its color adjustment.

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At‐Home and In‐Office Bleaching Protocols on the Color Match of Restorations Made With Single‐Shade Composites
Luciana Vasconcelos Ramos, Dayana Fernandes Rocha Aparicio, André Luis Faria‐e‐Silva, Maíra do Prado, Andréa Vaz Braga Pintor, Marcela Baraúna Magno
Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Evaluation of color matching of three single-shade composites employing simulated 3D printed cavities with different thicknesses using CIELAB and CIEDE2000 color difference formulae
Engin Kariper, Aylin Cilingir
REVIEWS ON ADVANCED MATERIALS SCIENCE.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Influence of cavity wall thickness on the color adjustment potential of single-shade resin composites
Fabrício Luscino Alves de Castro, Letícia Brandão Durand
The Journal of the American Dental Association.2024; 155(7): 605. CrossRef
Assessing color mismatch in single-shade composite resins for enamel replacement
Rafaella Mariana Fontes de Bragança, Diana Leyva Del Rio, Luiz Alves Oliveira-Neto, William Michael Johnston
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.2024; 132(3): 613.e1. CrossRef
Color discrepancy of single-shade composites at different distances from the interface measured using cell phone images
Márcia Luciana Carregosa Santana, Gabriella de Jesus Santos Livi, André Luis Faria-e-Silva
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Is It Possible for Single-shade Composites to Mimic the Color, Lightness, Chroma, and Hue of Other Single-shade Composites? An In Vitro Study
M Buldur, G Ayan
Operative Dentistry.2024; 49(6): 691. CrossRef
Color evaluation of a one-shade used for restoration of non-carious cervical lesions: an equivalence randomized clinical trial
Michael Willian Favoreto, Amanda de Oliveira de Miranda, Thalita P. Matos, Andrea dos Santos de Castro, Mylena de Abreu Cardoso, Julia Beatriz, Jenny Collantes-Acuña, Alessandra Reis, Alessandro Dourado Loguercio
BMC Oral Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Influence of Thickness on the Translucency Parameter and Whiteness Index of Single-Shade Resin Composites
Ö Yağcı, M Fidan
Operative Dentistry.2024; 49(2): 189. CrossRef
A Comparative Study of the Sensitivity and Specificity of the Ishihara Test With Various Displays
Thomas Klinke, Wolfgang Hannak, Klaus Böning, Holger Jakstat
International Dental Journal.2024; 74(4): 892. CrossRef
Color match evaluation using instrumental method for three single-shade resin composites before and after in-office bleaching
Aylin Cilingir, Engin Kariper
REVIEWS ON ADVANCED MATERIALS SCIENCE.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The role of interface distance and underlying substrate on the color adjustment potential of single‐shade composites
Gabriella Jesus Santos de Livi, Tauan Rosa Santana, Rafaella Mariana Fontes Bragança, Rosa Maria Viana de Bragança Garcez, André Luis Faria‐e‐Silva
Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.2023; 35(8): 1279. CrossRef

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Relationship between battery level and irradiance of light-curing units and their effects on the hardness of a bulk-fill composite resin: Fernanda Harumi Oku Prochnow, Patricia Valéria Manozzo Kunz, Gisele Maria Correr, Marina da Rosa Kaizer, Carla Castiglia Gonzaga; Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(4):e45. Published online November 3, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e45

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Objectives

This study evaluated the relationship between the battery charge level and irradiance of light-emitting diode (LED) light-curing units (LCUs) and how these variables influence the Vickers hardness number (VHN) of a bulk-fill resin.

Materials and Methods

Four LCUs were evaluated: Radii Plus (SDI), Radii-cal (SDI), Elipar Deep Cure (Filtek Bulk Fill, 3M Oral Care), and Poly Wireless (Kavo Kerr). Irradiance was measured using a radiometer every ten 20-second activations until the battery was discharged. Disks (4 mm thick) of a bulk-fill resin (Filtek Bulk Fill, 3M Oral Care) were prepared, and the VHN was determined on the top and bottom surfaces when light-cured with the LCUs with battery levels at 100%, 50% and 10%. Data were analyzed by 2-way analysis of variance, the Tukey’s test, and Pearson correlations (α = 5%).

Results

Elipar Deep Cure and Poly Wireless showed significant differences between the irradiance when the battery was fully charged versus discharged (10% battery level). Significant differences in irradiance were detected among all LCUs, within each battery condition tested. Hardness ratios below 80% were obtained for Radii-cal (10% battery level) and for Poly Wireless (50% and 10% battery levels). The battery level showed moderate and strong, but non-significant, positive correlations with the VHN and irradiance.

Conclusions

Although the irradiance was different among LCUs, it decreased in half of the devices along with a reduction in battery level. In addition, the composite resin effectiveness of curing, measured by the hardness ratio, was reduced when the LCUs’ battery was discharged.

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Effect of Battery Level During Successive Charging Cycles on the Performance of Certified and Low-cost Uncertified Light-curing Units Available on E-commerce
TS Peres, G Oliveira, SP da Silva Sakamoto, M da Silva Faria, HL Carlo, CJ Soares
Operative Dentistry.2024; 49(6): 673. CrossRef
Influence of Exposure Distance on Light Irradiance of Dental Curing Lamps in Various Operating Modes
Anna Lehmann, Kacper Nijakowski, Marta Mroczyk, Filip Podgórski, Beata Czarnecka, Anna Surdacka
Applied Sciences.2024; 14(21): 9999. CrossRef
ESTADO DA INTENSIDADE LUMINOSA DAS LÂMPADAS DE FOTOPOLIMERIZAÇÃO DAS CLÍNICAS ODONTOLÓGICAS DOS CENTROS DE SAÚDE DA CIDADE DE CUENCA
Milton Alexis Quinchiguano Caraguay, David Ismael Bravo Achundia , Esteban Eduardo Amoroso Calle, Manuel Estuardo Bravo Calderon
RECISATEC - REVISTA CIENTÍFICA SAÚDE E TECNOLOGIA - ISSN 2763-8405.2023; 3(6): e36296. CrossRef

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Surface gloss, gloss retention, and color stability of 2 nano-filled universal resin composites: Gustavo Fabián Molina, Ricardo Juan Cabral, Ignacio Mazzola, Michael Burrow; Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(4):e43. Published online October 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e43

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Objectives

This study compared the surface gloss (SG), gloss retention (GR), and color stability (CS) of 2 universal resin composites after chemical (CA) and mechanical (MA) aging.

Materials and Methods

Twenty disc-shaped samples of G-ænial A´Chord (GC-Europe) and Filtek Universal (3M-ESPE) were polished with sequential abrasive papers. For CA, specimens were stored in 1 mL of 75% ethanol for 15 days at 37°C, and readings (SG, GR, and CS) were obtained at baseline and 5, 10, and 15 days. For MA, specimens were subjected to 10,750 simulated brushing cycles. SG and CS were evaluated after every 3,583 cycles. SG was measured with a glossmeter (geometrical configuration: 60°), and values were expressed in gloss units. Color was measured with a spectrophotometer using the CIE-L*a*b* color system. The Student’s t-test, 1-way analysis of variance, and Scheffé test were used for statistical analysis (α = 0.05).

Results

G-ænial presented significantly higher SG values than Filtek (p = 0.02), with GR reductions of 5.2% (CA) and 5.3% (MA) for G-ænial and 7.6% (CA) and 7.2% (MA) for Filtek. The aging protocol had no statistically significant effect on SG or GR (p = 0.25) from baseline to the final readings. G-ænial–MA presented the lowest color difference (∆E = 1.8), and G-ænial–CA and Filtek–CA had the largest changes (∆E = 8.6 and ∆E = 11.8, respectively).

Conclusion

G-ænial presented higher SG values and better CS. Both restorative materials demonstrated acceptable GR and CS. Aging protocols impacted these properties negatively.

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Surface roughness of composite resins subjected to brushing with whitening toothpastes: an in vitro study
Nicolle Madruga Ramos FERREIRA, Vinicius Funghetto LIPPERT, Amanda Baptista da Silva HECK, Ana Maria SPOHR, Marcel Ferreira KUNRATH, Carlos Alberto FELDENS, Paulo Floriani KRAMER
Brazilian Oral Research.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
The Gloss Retention of Esthetic Restorations Following Simulated Brushing with Charcoal Oral Products: An In-Vitro Study
Fadia Awadalkreem, Nancy S Farghal, Nadin A Abouelhonoud, Raiyan I Khan
The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice.2024; 25(5): 473. CrossRef
Effect of different finishing and polishing systems on surface properties of universal single shade resin-based composites
Ghada Alharbi, Hend NA Al Nahedh, Loulwa M. Al-Saud, Nourah Shono, Ahmed Maawadh
BMC Oral Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The Effect of Chemical Degradation and Polishing on the Gloss of Composite Dental Materials
Ružica Zovko, Stipo Cvitanović, Mirela Mabić, Zdenko Šarac, Anka Ćorić, Domagoj Glavina, Kristina Goršeta
Materials.2023; 16(10): 3727. CrossRef

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Comparison of instrumental methods for color change assessment of Giomer resins: Luiza de Almeida Queiroz Ferreira, Rogéli Tibúrcio Ribeiro da Cunha Peixoto, Cláudia Silami de Magalhães, Tassiana Melo Sá, Monica Yamauti, Francisca Daniele Moreira Jardilino; Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(1):e8. Published online February 3, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e8

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Objectives

The aim of this study was to compare the color change of the Giomer resin composite (Beautifil-Bulk) by using photographs obtained with a smartphone (iPhone 6S) associated with Adobe Photoshop software (digital method), with the spectrophotometric method (Vita Easyshade) after immersion in different pigment solutions.

Materials and Methods

Twenty resin composite samples with a diameter of 15.0 mm and thickness of 1.0 mm were confectioned in A2 color (n = 5). Photographs and initial color readings were performed with a smartphone and spectrophotometer, respectively. Then, samples were randomly divided and subjected to cycles of immersion in distilled water (control), açai, Coke, and tomato sauce, 3 times a day, 20 minutes for 7 days. Later, new photographs and color readings were taken.

Results

The analysis (2-way analysis of variance, Holm-Sidak, p < 0.05) demonstrated no statistical difference (p < 0.005) between the methods in all groups. Similar color changes were observed for all pigment solutions when using the spectrophotometric method. For the digital method, all color changes were clinically unacceptable, with distilled water and tomato sauce similar to each other and with statistical differences (p < 0.005) for Coke and açai.

Conclusions

Only the tomato sauce produced a color change above the acceptability threshold using both methods of color assessment. The spectrophotometric and digital methods produce different patterns of color change. According to our results, the spectrophotometric method is more recommended in color change assessment.

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Color Image Expression through CIE L*a*b* System in Foods
Hyun-Woong Choi, Seong-Eun Park, Hong-Seok Son
Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition.2023; 52(2): 223. CrossRef

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A 3-year retrospective study of clinical durability of bulk-filled resin composite restorations: Muhittin Ugurlu, Fatmanur Sari; Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(1):e5. Published online December 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e5

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Objectives

This study aimed to assess the clinical longevity of a bulk-fill resin composite in Class II restorations for 3-year.

Materials and Methods

Patient record files acquired from the 40 patients who were treated due to needed 2 similar sizes Class II composite restorations were used for this retrospective study. In the experimental cavity, the flowable resin composite SDR was inserted in the dentinal part as a 4 mm intermediate layer. A 2 mm coverage layer with a nano-hybrid resin composite (CeramX) was placed on SDR. The control restoration was performed by an incremental technique of 2 mm using the nano-hybrid resin composite. The restorations were blindly assessed by 2 calibrated examiners using modified United States Public Health Service criteria at baseline and 1, 2, and 3 years. The data were analyzed using non-parametric tests (p = 0.05).

Results

Eighty Class II restorations were evaluated. After 3-years, 4 restorations (5%) failed, 1 SDR + CeramX, and 3 CeramX restorations. The annual failure rate (AFR) of the restorations was 1.7%. The SDR + CeramX group revealed an AFR of 0.8%, and the CeramX group an AFR of 2.5% (p > 0.05). Regarding anatomical form and marginal adaptation, significant alterations were observed in the CeramX group after 3-years (p < 0.05). The changes in the color match were observed in each group over time (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The use of SDR demonstrated good clinical durability in deep Class II resin composite restorations.

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Evaluation of Surface Roughness and Microhardness of New Generation Bulk-Fill Composites
Zehra SÜSGÜN YILDIRIM, Ezgi SONKAYA, Zeliha Gonca BEK KÜRKLÜ
Cumhuriyet Dental Journal.2023; 26(2): 180. CrossRef
Damping Behaviour and Mechanical Properties of Restorative Materials for Primary Teeth
Thomas Niem, Roland Frankenberger, Stefanie Amend, Bernd Wöstmann, Norbert Krämer
Materials.2022; 15(21): 7698. CrossRef

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Errors in light-emitting diodes positioning when curing bulk fill and incremental composites: impact on properties after aging: Abdulrahman A. Balhaddad, Isadora M. Garcia, Haifa Maktabi, Maria Salem Ibrahim, Qoot Alkhubaizi, Howard Strassler, Fabrício M. Collares, Mary Anne S. Melo; Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(4):e51. Published online September 24, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e51

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Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of improper positioning single-peak and multi-peak lights on color change, microhardness of bottom and top, and surface topography of bulk fill and incremental composites after artificial aging for 1 year.

Materials and Methods

Bulk fill and incremental composites were cured using multi-peak and single-peak light-emitting diode (LED) following 4 clinical conditions: (1) optimal condition (no angulation or tip displacement), (2) tip-displacement (2 mm), (3) slight tip angulation (α = 20°) and (4) moderate tip angulation (α = 35°). After 1-year of water aging, the specimens were analyzed for color changes (ΔE), Vickers hardness, surface topography (Ra, Rt, and Rv), and scanning electron microscopy.

Results

For samples cured by single-peak LED, the improper positioning significantly increases the color change compared to the optimal position regardless of the type of composite (p < 0.001). For multi-peak LED, the type of resin composite and the curing condition displayed a significant effect on ΔE (p < 0.001). For both LEDs, the Vickers hardness and bottom/top ratio of Vickers hardness were affected by the type of composite and the curing condition (p < 0.01).

Conclusions

The bulk fill composite presented greater resistance to wear, higher color stability, and better microhardness than the incremental composite when subjected to improper curing. The multi-peak LED improves curing under improper conditions compared to single-peak LED. Prevention of errors when curing composites requires the attention of all personnel involved in the patient's care once the clinical relevance of the appropriate polymerization reflects on reliable long-term outcomes.

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The demineralization resistance and mechanical assessments of different bioactive restorative materials for primary and permanent teeth: an in vitro study
Maria Salem Ibrahim, Fahad Rakad Aldhafeeri, Abdullah Sami Banaemah, Mana S. Alhaider, Yousif A. Al-Dulaijan, Abdulrahman A. Balhaddad
BDJ Open.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Inorganic Compounds as Remineralizing Fillers in Dental Restorative Materials: Narrative Review
Leena Ibraheem Bin-Jardan, Dalal Ibrahim Almadani, Leen Saleh Almutairi, Hadi A. Almoabid, Mohammed A. Alessa, Khalid S. Almulhim, Rasha N. AlSheikh, Yousif A. Al-Dulaijan, Maria S. Ibrahim, Afnan O. Al-Zain, Abdulrahman A. Balhaddad
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(9): 8295. CrossRef

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Color assessment of resin composite by using cellphone images compared with a spectrophotometer: Rafaella Mariana Fontes de Bragança, Rafael Ratto Moraes, André Luis Faria-e-Silva; Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(2):e23. Published online April 5, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e23

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Objectives

This study assessed the reliability of digital color measurements using images of resin composite specimens captured with a cellphone.

Materials and Methods

The reference color of cylindrical specimens built-up with the use of resin composite (shades A1, A2, A3, and A4) was measured with a portable spectrophotometer (CIELab). Images of the specimens were obtained individually or pairwise (compared shades in the same photograph) under standardized parameters. The color of the specimens was measured in the images using RGB system and converted to CIELab system using image processing software. Whiteness index (WI_D) and color differences (ΔE₀₀) were calculated for each color measurement method. For the cellphone, the ΔE₀₀ was calculated between the pairs of shades in separate images and in the same image. Data were analyzed using 2-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (α = 0.05). Linear regression models were used to predict the reference ΔE₀₀ values of those calculated using color measured in the images.

Results

Images captured with the cellphone resulted in different WI_D values from the spectrophotometer only for shades A3 and A4. No difference to the reference ΔE₀₀ was observed when individual images were used. In general, a similar ranking of ΔE₀₀ among resin composite shades was observed for all methods. Stronger correlation coefficients with the reference ΔE₀₀ were observed using individual than pairwise images.

Conclusions

This study showed that the use of cellphone images to measure the color difference seems to be a feasible alternative providing outcomes similar to those obtained with the spectrophotometer.

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Evaluation of color stability in single-shade composite resins using spectrophotometer and cross-polarized mobile photography
Hatice Tepe, Ozge Celiksoz, Batu Can Yaman
BMC Oral Health.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Color discrepancy of single-shade composites at different distances from the interface measured using cell phone images
Márcia Luciana Carregosa Santana, Gabriella de Jesus Santos Livi, André Luis Faria-e-Silva
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
How the Translucency and Color Stability of Single-Shade Universal Resin Composites Are Affected by Coffee?
Büşra Özdemir, Betül Kübra Kurucu Karadeniz, Seyit Bilal Özdemir, Ömer Akbulut
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Review Article

Wear of contemporary dental composite resin restorations: a literature review: Dimitrios Dionysopoulos, Olga Gerasimidou; Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(2):e18. Published online February 25, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e18

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Composite resins are the most commonly used dental restorative materials after minimally invasive dental procedures, and they offer an aesthetically pleasing appearance. An ideal composite restorative material should have wear properties similar to those of tooth tissues. Wear refers to the damaging, gradual loss or deformation of a material at solid surfaces. Depending on the mechanism of action, wear can be categorized as abrasive, adhesive, fatigue, or corrosive. Currently used composite resins cover a wide range of materials with diverse properties, offering dental clinicians multiple choices for anterior and posterior teeth. In order to improve the mechanical properties and the resistance to wear of composite materials, many types of monomers, silane coupling agents, and reinforcing fillers have been developed. Since resistance to wear is an important factor in determining the clinical success of composite resins, the purpose of this literature review was to define what constitutes wear. The discussion focuses on factors that contribute to the extent of wear as well as to the prevention of wear. Finally, the behavior of various types of existing composite materials such as nanohybrid, flowable, and computer-assisted design/computer-assisted manufacturing materials, was investigated, along with the factors that may cause or contribute to their wear.

Citations

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How surface electronegativity and calcium release in enamel mediate the adsorption and lubrication of salivary proteins: The role of interfacial water
Yue Tang, Lei Lei, Hujun Wang, Haonan Qiu, Jing Zheng, Zhongrong Zhou
Friction.2025; 13(3): 9440912. CrossRef
Effect of SiC particle size and content on the mechanical and tribological properties of porous Si3N4-SiC composites fabricated following a facile low-temperature processing route
Siddharth, Sakshi Tiwari, Pritam Biswas, Nilrudra Mandal, Siddhartha Roy
Ceramics International.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of Various Toothpaste Tablets on Gloss and Surface Roughness of Resin-based Composite Materials
J Ko, A Tsao, R Kim, C Perry, U Oyoyo, SR Kwon
Operative Dentistry.2024; 49(3): 282. CrossRef
Surface wear of attachments in patients during clear aligner therapy: a prospective clinical study
Qiuying Li, Kai Yang
Progress in Orthodontics.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Awareness of possible complications associated with direct composite restorations: A multinational survey among dentists from 13 countries with meta-analysis
Anna Lehmann, Kacper Nijakowski, Jakub Jankowski, David Donnermeyer, Paulo J. Palma, Milan Drobac, João Filipe Brochado Martins, Fatma Pertek Hatipoğlu, Indira Tulegenova, Muhammad Qasim Javed, Hamad Mohammad Alharkan, Olga Bekjanova, Sylvia Wyzga, Moataz
Journal of Dentistry.2024; 145: 105009. CrossRef
Evaluation of pre-heated composite resins with soft-start polymerization and conventional composite restorations in class-I carious lesions – A randomized clinical trial
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Neslihan Güntekin, Ali Rıza Tunçdemir
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Evangelos Ximinis, Dimitrios Dionysopoulos, Constantinos Papadopoulos, Alexandros Tournavitis, Avraam Konstantinidis, Olga Naka
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Korean Journal of Dental Materials.2023; 50(4): 247. CrossRef
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Adrián M. Alambiaga-Caravaca, Alicia López-Castellano, Yu Fu Chou, Arlinda Luzi, Juan Manuel Núñez, Avijit Banerjee, María del Mar Jovani Sancho, Salvatore Sauro
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Carla Junqueira, Paulo Mascarenhas, Mariana Avelar, Ana Clara Ribeiro, Isabel Barahona
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Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry.2021; Volume 13: 405. CrossRef

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Research Article

Effect of dental bleaching on the microhardness and surface roughness of sealed composite resins: Renan Aparecido Fernandes, Henrico Badaoui Strazzi-Sahyon, Thaís Yumi Umeda Suzuki, André Luiz Fraga Briso, Paulo Henrique dos Santos; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(1):e12. Published online January 10, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e12

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the microhardness and surface roughness of composite resins before and after tooth bleaching procedures.

Materials and Methods

Sixty specimens were prepared of each composite resin (Filtek Supreme XT and Opallis), and BisCover LV surface sealant was applied to half of the specimens. Thirty enamel samples were obtained from the buccal and lingual surfaces of human molars for use as the control group. The surface roughness and microhardness were measured before and after bleaching procedures with 35% hydrogen peroxide or 16% carbamide (n = 10). Data were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance and the Fisher test (α = 0.05).

Results

Neither hydrogen peroxide nor carbamide peroxide treatment significantly altered the hardness of the composite resins, regardless of surface sealant application; however, both treatments significantly decreased the hardness of the tooth samples (p < 0.05). The bleaching did not cause any change in surface roughness, with the exception of the unsealed Opallis composite resin and dental enamel, both of which displayed an increase in surface roughness after bleaching with carbamide peroxide (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The microhardness and surface roughness of enamel and Opallis composite resin were influenced by bleaching procedures.

Citations

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Effect of Bleaching on Surface Roughness and Color Parameters of Coffee-Stained Nanohybrid Dental Composites with Different Viscosities
Hetaf S. Redwan, Mohamed A. Hussein, Mohamed M. Abdul-Monem
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Effect of Staining and External Bleaching on the Color Stability and Surface Roughness of Universal-Shade Resin-Based Composite
AlHanouf AlHabdan, Amal Alsuhaibani, Lama Alomran, Lulwah Almutib
Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry.2025; Volume 17: 1. CrossRef
Comparative Analysis Between Strip and Gels Indicated for at Home Bleaching: Analysis of Color Alteration, Roughness and Microhardness of Dental Enamel
K. M. S. Aidar, L. T. A. Cintra, M. C. B. Ferreira, T. C. Fagundes, L. M. B. Esteves, J. Goto, A. Catelan, A. L. F. Briso
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Surface properties and susceptibility to staining of a resin composite after brushing with different whitening toothpastes
Aline da Silva Barros, Carolina Meneghin Barbosa, Renata Siqueira Scatolin, Waldemir Francisco Vieira Junior, Laura Nobre Ferraz
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Rumeysa Hatice ENGINLER OZLEN, Zumrut Ceren OZDUMAN, Burcu OGLAKCI OZKOC, Evrim ELIGUZELOGLU DALKILIC
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Effect of Bleaching Agents on Composite Resins with and without Bis-GMA: An In Vitro Study
María Melo, Bianca Dumitrache, James Ghilotti, José Luis Sanz, Carmen Llena
Journal of Functional Biomaterials.2024; 15(6): 144. CrossRef
Changes in physical properties of universal composites andCAD/CAMmaterials after bleaching and antioxidant applications: Scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscope evaluation
Oguz Kaan Tuysuz, Merve Gurses
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Elif İpek KILIÇ DÖNMEZ, İhsan HUBBEZOĞLU
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Merve Nur Yilmaz, Pinar Gul
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Inorganic Phosphate Effect in a Hydrogen Peroxide-based Bleaching Agent: Physicochemical, Mechanical, and Morphological Properties of Dental Enamel
KG Garcia, GP Nunes, ACB Delbem, PH dos Santos, GLP Fernandes, HF Robles, PBB Lemos, M Danelon
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Effect of bleaching and repolishing on whiteness change and staining susceptibility of resin-based materials
Sultan Aktuğ Karademir, Samet Atasoy, Beyza Yılmaz
BMC Oral Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Influence of Low pH on the Microhardness and Roughness Surface of Dental Composite—A Preliminary Study
Leszek Szalewski, Dorota Wójcik, Monika Sowa, Vladyslav Vivcharenko, Krzysztof Pałka
Materials.2024; 17(14): 3443. CrossRef
In Vitro Evaluation of the Effectiveness and pH Variation of Dental Bleaching Gels and Their Effect on Enamel Surface Roughness
Federica Veneri, Francesco Cavani, Giovanni Bolelli, Vittorio Checchi, Alessia Bizzi, Giacomo Setti, Luigi Generali
Dentistry Journal.2024; 12(12): 415. CrossRef
Does the combination of whitening toothpaste and hydrogen peroxide bleaching increase the surface roughness and change the morphology of a nanofilled composite?
Cecília Pereira da Silva Braga Tenório, Matheus Kury, Geyse Maria dos Santos Muniz Mota, Cecília Pedroso Turssi, Flávia Lucisano Botelho do Amaral, Vanessa Cavalli
Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences.2024; 23: e241938. CrossRef
Effect of peroxide‐free and peroxide‐based in‐office bleaching on the surface and mechanical properties of CAD/CAM esthetic restorative materials
Majed M. Alsarani, Aftab Ahmed Khan, Leonel S. J. Bautista, Hanan Alsunbul, Jukka P. Matinlinna
European Journal of Oral Sciences.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of Repolishing on Color Stability, Translucency, and Surface Roughness of Aged Monochromatic Dental Composites
Mohamed M. Abdul-Monem, Mohamed A. Hussein, Mona G. Abdelrehim
European Journal of General Dentistry.2024; 13(03): 240. CrossRef
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Sukaton, Galih Sampoerno, Widyajeng Ayu Laksmi, Daradhasih Bestari Santiaji
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Journal of Advanced Oral Research.2023; 14(2): 190. CrossRef
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Ruwaida Z Alshali, Mohammed A AlQahtani, Dalea M Bukhary, Mlak A Alzahrani, Shatha S Alsoraihi, Majed A Alqahtani
Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of bleaching with 15% carbamide peroxide on color stability of microhybrid, nanohybrid, and nanofilled resin composites, each in 3 staining solutions (coffee, cola, red grape juice): A 3-phase study
Azadeh Ghaemi, Sanaz Sharifishoshtari, Mohsen Shahmoradi, Hossein Akbari, Parisa Boostanifard, Sepideh Bagheri, Mohammadreza Shokuhifar, Negin Ashoori, Vahid Rakhshan
Dental Research Journal.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Micro-Hardness and Surface Roughness of Bulk-Fill Composite Resin: Effect of Surface Sealant Application and Two Bleaching Regimens
Reham Mohamad Attia, Eman Mohamed Sobhy, Mona El Said Abd El Hameed Essa
European Journal of General Dentistry.2023; 12(03): 169. CrossRef
Shear bond strength after using sealant before bonding: a systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro studies
Jennifer Hoppe, Thomas Lehmann, Christoph-Ludwig Hennig, Ulrike Schulze-Späte, Collin Jacobs
Clinical Oral Investigations.2022; 26(1): 1. CrossRef
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Camila Ferro Clemente, Sibele de Alcântara, Lívia Maria Alves Valentim da Silva, Lara Maria Bueno Esteves, Anderson Catelan, Karen Milaré Seiscento Aidar, Ticiane Cestari Fagundes, André Luiz Fraga Briso
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EFFECT OF İN-OFFİCE BLEACHİNG ON THE SURFACE ROUGHNESS OF DİFFERENT COMPOSİTE RESİNS
Seher KAYA, Ozden OZEL BEKTAS
Cumhuriyet Dental Journal.2022; 25(Supplement): 78. CrossRef
Effect of Polishing on the Surface Microhardness of Nanohybrid Composite Resins Subjected to 35% Hydrogen Peroxide
Giovanna Gisella Ramírez-Vargas, Julia Elbia Medina y Mendoza, Ana Sixtina Aliaga-Mariñas, Marysela Irene Ladera-Castañeda, Luis Adolfo Cervantes-Ganoza, César Félix Cayo-Rojas
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Intrapulpal Concentration of Hydrogen Peroxide of Teeth Restored With Bulk Fill and Conventional Bioactive Composites
DP Silva, BA Resende, M Kury, CB André, CPM Tabchoury, M Giannini, V Cavalli
Operative Dentistry.2021; 46(3): E158. CrossRef
An Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy Evaluation on Comparison of Three Different Bleaching Agents using the Laser Activated in-Office Bleaching at Different Wavelengths
Shachi Goenka, Sushil Kumar Cirigiri, Kanika Poplai, Baig Mirza Aslam, Shalini Singh, Shweta Gangavane
Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences.2021; 13(Suppl 2): S1478. CrossRef
Effects of Artificial Staining and Bleaching Protocols on the Surface Roughness, Color, and Whiteness Changes of an Aged Nanofilled Composite
Geyse Maria dos Santos Muniz Mota, Matheus Kury, Cecília Pereira da Silva Braga Tenório, Flávia Lucisano Botelho do Amaral, Cecília Pedroso Turssi, Vanessa Cavalli
Frontiers in Dental Medicine.2020;[Epub] CrossRef

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30 Crossref

Case Report

Functional and aesthetic rehabilitation in posterior tooth with bulk-fill resin composite and occlusal matrix: Luciana Fávaro Francisconi-dos-Rios, Johnny Alexandre Oliveira Tavares, Luanderson Oliveira, Jefferson Chaves Moreira, Flavia Pardo Salata Nahsan; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(1):e9. Published online January 3, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e9

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

The restorative procedure in posterior teeth involves clinical steps related to professional skill, especially when using the incremental technique, which may fail in the long term. A recent alternative is bulk-fill resins, which can reduce polymerization shrinkage, decreasing clinical problems such as marginal leakage, secondary caries, and fracture. This scientific study aims to report a clinical case using bulk-fill resin with an occlusal matrix. As determined in the treatment plan, an acrylic resin matrix was produced to establish an improved oral and aesthetic rehabilitation of the right mandibular first molar, which presented a carious lesion with dentin involvement. The occlusal matrix is a simple technique that maintains the original dental anatomy, showing satisfactory results regarding function and aesthetic rehabilitation.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Color stability of bulk‐fill compared to conventional resin‐based composites: A scoping review
Gaetano Paolone, Mauro Mandurino, Nicola Scotti, Giuseppe Cantatore, Markus B. Blatz
Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.2023; 35(4): 657. CrossRef
Evaluation of Abfraction Lesions Restored with Three Dental Materials: A Comparative Study
Bogdan Constantin Costăchel, Anamaria Bechir, Alexandru Burcea, Laurența Lelia Mihai, Tudor Ionescu, Olivia Andreea Marcu, Edwin Sever Bechir
Clinics and Practice.2023; 13(5): 1043. CrossRef
Aesthetic restoration of posterior teeth using different occlusal matrix techniques
Elsa Reis Carneiro, Anabela Paula, José Saraiva, Ana Coelho, Inês Amaro, Carlos Miguel Marto, Manuel Marques Ferreira, Eunice Carrilho
British Dental Journal.2021; 231(2): 88. CrossRef

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Research Articles

The effect of individualization of fiberglass posts using bulk-fill resin-based composites on cementation: an in vitro study: Rodrigo Barros Esteves Lins, Jairo Matozinho Cordeiro, Carolina Perez Rangel, Thiago Bessa Marconato Antunes, Luís Roberto Marcondes Martins; Restor Dent Endod 2019;44(4):e37. Published online October 18, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2019.44.e37

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This study evaluated the bond strength of various fiberglass post cementation techniques using different resin-based composites.

Materials and Methods

The roots from a total of 100 bovine incisors were randomly assigned to 5 treatment groups: G1, post + Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (SBMP) + RelyX ARC luting agent; G2, relined post (Filtek Z250) + SBMP + RelyX ARC; G3, individualized post (Filtek Z250) + SBMP; G4, individualized post (Filtek Bulk-Fill) + SBMP; G5, individualized post (Filtek Bulk-Fill Flow) + SBMP. The samples were subjected to the push-out (n = 10) and pull-out (n = 10) bond strength tests. Data from the push-out bond strength test were analyzed using 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the Bonferroni post hoc test, and data from the pull-out bond strength test were analyzed using 1-way ANOVA.

Results

The data for push-out bond strength presented higher values for G2 and G5, mainly in the cervical and middle thirds, and the data from the apical third showed a lower mean push-out bond strength in all groups. No significant difference was noted for pull-out bond strength among all groups. The most frequent failure modes observed were adhesive failure between dentine and resin and mixed failure.

Conclusions

Fiberglass post cementation using restorative and flowable bulk-fill composites with the individualization technique may be a promising alternative to existing methods of post cementation.

Citations

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Effects of a relined fiberglass post with conventional and self-adhesive resin cement
Wilton Lima dos Santos Junior, Marina Rodrigues Santi, Rodrigo Barros Esteves Lins, Luís Roberto Marcondes Martins
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Fracture resistance of weakened roots restored with relined or milled CAD-CAM glass fiber posts
Belizane das Graças Oliveira MAIA, Thais da Silva Alves SANTOS, Cláudio Antonio Talge CARVALHO, Francielle Silvestre VERNER, Rafael Binato JUNQUEIRA
Dental Materials Journal.2023; 42(1): 92. CrossRef
Evaluation of pretreatments on intra‐radicular dentin bond strength of self‐adhesive resin cements
Marina Rodrigues Santi, Rodrigo Barros Esteves Lins, Beatriz Ometto Sahadi, Luís Roberto Marcondes Martins, Jorge Rodrigo Soto‐Montero
Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.2022; 34(7): 1051. CrossRef
Comparison of the Mechanical Properties and Push-out Bond Strength of Self-adhesive and Conventional Resin Cements on Fiber Post Cementation
MR Santi, RBE Lins, BO Sahadi, JR Soto-Montero, LRM Martins
Operative Dentistry.2022; 47(3): 346. CrossRef
Glass fiber posts
Renata Pereira, Rodrigo Barros Esteves Lins, Victória Castelan Rodrigues, Débora Alves Nunes Leite Lima, Luís Roberto Marcondes Martins, Flávio Henrique Baggio Aguiar
Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences.2020; 19: e207508. CrossRef

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Finishing and polishing effects of multiblade burs on the surface texture of 5 resin composites: microhardness and roughness testing: Elodie Ehrmann, Etienne Medioni, Nathalie Brulat-Bouchard; Restor Dent Endod 2019;44(1):e1. Published online November 26, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2019.44.e1

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

The aim of this in vitro study was to test the effect of 2 finishing–polishing sequences (QB, combining a 12/15-fluted finishing bur and an EVO-Light polisher; QWB, adding a 30-fluted polishing bur after the 12/15-fluted finishing bur used in the QB sequence) on 5 nanotech-based resin composites (Filtek Z500, Ceram X Mono, Ceram X Duo, Tetric Evoceram, and Tetric Evoceram Bulk Fill) by comparing their final surface roughness and hardness values to those of a Mylar strip control group (MS).

Materials and Methods

Twelve specimens of each nanocomposite were prepared in Teflon moulds. The surface of each resin composite was finished with QB (5 samples), QWB (5 samples), or MS (2 samples), and then evaluated (60 samples). Roughness was analysed with an optical profilometer, microhardness was tested with a Vickers indenter, and the surfaces were examined by optical and scanning electron microscopy. Data were analysed using the Kruskal-Wallis test (p < 0.05) followed by the Dunn test.

Results

For the hardness and roughness of nanocomposite resin, the QWB sequence was significantly more effective than QB (p < 0.05). The Filtek Z500 showed significantly harder surfaces regardless of the finishing–polishing sequence (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

QWB yielded the best values of surface roughness and hardness. The hardness and roughness of the 5 nanocomposites presented less significant differences when QWB was used.

Citations

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Microtensile bond strength of CAD/CAM-fabricated polymer-ceramics to different adhesive resin cements: Leyla Sadighpour, Farideh Geramipanah, Zahra Ghasri, Mehrnoosh Neshatian; Restor Dent Endod 2018;43(4):e40. Published online September 3, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2018.43.e40

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This study evaluated the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of polymer-ceramic and indirect composite resin with 3 classes of resin cements.

Materials and Methods

Two computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM)-fabricated polymer-ceramics (Enamic [ENA; Vita] and Lava Ultimate [LAV; 3M ESPE]) and a laboratory indirect composite resin (Gradia [GRA; GC Corp.]) were equally divided into 6 groups (n = 18) with 3 classes of resin cements: Variolink N (VAR; Vivadent), RelyX U200 (RXU; 3M ESPE), and Panavia F2 (PAN; Kuraray). The μTBS values were compared between groups by 2-way analysis of variance and the post hoc Tamhane test (α = 0.05).

Results

Restorative materials and resin cements significantly influenced µTBS (p < 0.05). In the GRA group, the highest μTBS was found with RXU (27.40 ± 5.39 N) and the lowest with VAR (13.54 ± 6.04 N) (p < 0.05). Similar trends were observed in the ENA group. In the LAV group, the highest μTBS was observed with VAR (27.45 ± 5.84 N) and the lowest with PAN (10.67 ± 4.37 N) (p < 0.05). PAN had comparable results to those of ENA and GRA, whereas the μTBS values were significantly lower with LAV (p = 0.001). The highest bond strength of RXU was found with GRA (27.40 ± 5.39 N, p = 0.001). PAN showed the lowest µTBS with LAV (10.67 ± 4.37 N; p < 0.001).

Conclusions

When applied according to the manufacturers' recommendations, the µTBS of polymer-ceramic CAD/CAM materials and indirect composites is influenced by the luting cements.

Citations

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Rita Fidalgo-Pereira, Susana O. Catarino, Óscar Carvalho, Nélio Veiga, Orlanda Torres, Annabel Braem, Júlio C.M. Souza
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Hanan Fathy, Hamdi H. Hamama, Noha El-Wassefy, Salah H. Mahmoud
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F Dalla-Nora, LF Guilardi, CP Zucuni, LF Valandro, MP Rippe
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Case Report

Endocrown restorations for extensively damaged posterior teeth: clinical performance of three cases: Konstantinos Tzimas, Maria Tsiafitsa, Paris Gerasimou, Effrosyni Tsitrou; Restor Dent Endod 2018;43(4):e38. Published online August 22, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2018.43.e38

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

The restoration of endodontically treated teeth (ETT) with more than one cusp missing and thin remaining walls is challenging for the general practitioner. The use of posts combined with full coverage restorations is a well-established approach, yet not following the minimal invasive principles of adhesive dentistry. Endocrowns are indirect monoblock restorations that use the pulp chamber of the ETT for retention. In this study the fabrication of 4 endocrowns and their clinical performance will be discussed. Two clinical cases include computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing manufactured molar endocrowns (one feldspathic ceramic and one hybrid composite-ceramic restoration) and the other two are dental laboratory manufactured resin composite premolar endocrown restorations. The modified United States Public Health Service criteria were used to assess the clinical behavior of the restorations at different follow up periods. Endocrown restorations present a satisfactory clinical alternative, either by the use of resin composite or glass ceramic and hybrid materials. Specific guidelines with minimal alterations should be followed for an endocrown restoration to be successful. Due to limited evidence regarding the long term evaluation of this restorative technique, a careful selection of cases should be applied.

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Wenhui Li, Ziting Zheng, Yuting Zeng, Zhiyan Zhou, Ping Xiao, Xincen Zhong, Wenjuan Yan
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Tạp Chí Khoa Học Trường Đại Học Quốc Tế Hồng Bàng.2024; : 241. CrossRef
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Haruto Hiraba, Kensuke Nishio, Yoshimasa Takeuchi, Takashi Ito, Tetsuo Yamamori, Atsushi Kamimoto
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Esraa Esmeail H. Elhaddad, Mohamed M. A. Mohsen, Dina Ezz Eldin Mohamed
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Xuesheng Li
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Aynur Beyza Çavuşculu Güdül, Şükriye Ece Geduk, Gaye Sağlam
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Lalit Kumar, Komalpreet Kaur, Shefali Singla, Charnpreet Singh, Sunint Singh
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Mihaela-Roxana Boțilă, Mihaela Jana Țuculina , Oana Andreea Diaconu , Mihaela Ionescu , Petre Costin Mărășescu , Luana Corina Lascu , Veronica Mercut
Romanian Journal of Oral Rehabilitation.2024; 16(2): 225. CrossRef
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Domenica Camila Astudillo Benavides, Rafael Bernardo Piedra Andrade, Amanda Isabel Pesantez Coronel, Jose Esteban Torrachi Carrasco
Anatomía Digital.2024; 7(4): 81. CrossRef
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Dalal S AlDabeeb, Nouf S Alakeel, Raneem M Al jfshar, Thakra K Alkhalid
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Ahmed A Madfa, Moazzy I Almansour, Asma F Alshammari, Nada M. Alenezi, Essa F. Alrashidi, Adel A. Aldhaban, Thoraya Aljohani, Faris A. Alshammari
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Research Articles

The effect of thermocycling on the degree of conversion and mechanical properties of a microhybrid dental resin composite: Mehrsima Ghavami-Lahiji, Melika Firouzmanesh, Hossein Bagheri, Tahereh S. Jafarzadeh Kashi, Fateme Razazpour, Marjan Behroozibakhsh; Restor Dent Endod 2018;43(2):e26. Published online April 26, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2018.43.e26

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objective

The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree of conversion (DC) and mechanical properties of a microhybrid Filtek Z250 (3M ESPE) resin composite after aging.

Method

The specimens were fabricated using circular molds to investigate Vickers microhardness (Vickers hardness number [VHN]) and DC, and were prepared according to ISO 4049 for flexural strength testing. The initial DC (%) of discs was recorded using attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transforming infrared spectroscopy. The initial VHN of the specimens was measured using a microhardness tester under a load of 300 g for 15 seconds and the flexural strength test was carried out with a universal testing machine (crosshead speed, 0.5 mm/min). The specimens were then subjected to thermocycling in 5°C and 55°C water baths. Properties were assessed after 1,000–10,000 cycles of thermocycling. The surfaces were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance followed by the Tukey honest significant difference post hoc test.

Results

Statistical analysis showed that DC tended to increase up to 4,000 cycles, with no significant changes. VHN and flexural strength values significantly decreased upon thermal cycling when compared to baseline (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between initial and post-thermocycling VHN results at 1,000 cycles. SEM images after aging showed deteriorative changes in the resin composite surfaces.

Conclusions

The Z250 microhybrid resin composite showed reduced surface microhardness and flexural strength and increased DC after thermocycling.

Citations

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Comparison of light-transmittance in dental tissues and dental composite restorations using incremental layering build-up with varying enamel resin layer thickness: Rodrigo Rocha Maia, Dayane Oliveira, Tracy D'Antonio, Fang Qian, Frederick Skiff; Restor Dent Endod 2018;43(2):e22. Published online April 16, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2018.43.e22

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

To evaluate and compare light-transmittance in dental tissues and dental composite restorations using the incremental double-layer technique with varying layer thickness.

Materials and Methods

B1-colored natural teeth slabs were compared to dental restoration build-ups with A2D and B1E-colored nanofilled, supra-nanofilled, microfilled, and microhybrid composites. The enamel layer varied from 0.3, 0.5, or 1.2 mm thick, and the dentin layer was varied to provide a standardized 3.7 mm overall sample thickness (n = 10). All increments were light-cured to 16 J/cm² with a multi-wave LED (Valo, Ultradent). Using a spectrophotometer, the samples were irradiated by an RGB laser beam. A voltmeter recorded the light output signal to calculate the light-transmittance through the specimens. The data were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance followed by the post hoc Tukey's test (p = 0.05).

Results

Mean light-transmittance observed at thicker final layers of enamel were significantly lower than those observed at thinner final layers. Within 1.2 mm final enamel resin layer (FERL) thickness, all composites were similar to the dental tissues, with exception of the nanofilled composite. However, within 0.5 mm FERL thickness, only the supra-nanofilled composite showed no difference from the dental tissues. Within 0.3 mm FERL thickness, none of the composites were similar to the dental tissues.

Conclusions

The supra-nanofilled composite had the most similar light-transmittance pattern when compared to the natural teeth. However, for other composites, thicker FERL have a greater chance to match the light-transmittance of natural dental tissues.

Citations

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3-year randomized clinical trial to evaluate the performance of posterior composite restorations lined with ion-releasing materials
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Keiko Sakuma, Taku Horie, Takafumi Kishimoto, Mayumi Maesako, Shigetaka Tomoda, Morioki Fujitani, Akimasa Tsujimoto
Polymers.2024; 16(13): 1853. CrossRef
Fabrication of color-graded feldspathic dental prosthetics for aesthetic and restorative dentistry
Imam Akbar Sutejo, Jeehwan Kim, Sinuo Zhang, Chang Woo Gal, Yeong-Jin Choi, Honghyun Park, Hui-suk Yun
Dental Materials.2023; 39(6): 568. CrossRef
Spectrophotometric evaluation of restorative composite shades and their match with a classical shade guide
Rafael Melara, Luciana Mendonça, Fábio Herrmann Coelho-de-Souza, Juliana Nunes Rolla, Luciano de Souza Gonçalves
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
In vitro wear of dual‐cured bulkfill composites and flowable bulkfill composites
Jean‐François Roulet, Snigdha Gummadi, Hind S. Hussein, Nader Abdulhameed, Chiayi Shen
Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.2020; 32(5): 512. CrossRef

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Case Report

Management of dental erosion induced by gastro-esophageal reflux disorder with direct composite veneering aided by a flexible splint matrix: Sherin Jose Chockattu, Byathnal Suryakant Deepak, Anubhav Sood, Nandini T. Niranjan, Arun Jayasheel, Mallikarjun K. Goud; Restor Dent Endod 2018;43(1):e13. Published online February 6, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2018.43.e13

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Dental erosion is frequently overlooked in clinical practice. The management of erosion-induced damage to the dentition is often delayed, such that extensive occlusal rehabilitation is required. These cases can be diagnosed by a careful clinical examination and a thorough review of the patient's medical history and/or lifestyle habits. This case report presents the diagnosis, categorization, and management of a case of gastro-esophageal reflux disease-induced palatal erosion of the maxillary teeth. The early management of such cases is of utmost importance to delay or prevent the progression of damage both to the dentition and to occlusal stability. Non-invasive adhesively bonded restorations aid in achieving this goal.

Citations

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Effect of Acidic Media on Surface Topography and Color Stability of Two Different Glass Ceramics
Fatma Makkeyah, Nesrine A. Elsahn, Mahmoud M. Bakr, Mahmoud Al Ankily
European Journal of Dentistry.2025; 19(01): 173. CrossRef
Mechanical Performance and Surface Roughness of Lithium Disilicate and Zirconia-Reinforced Lithium Silicate Ceramics Before and After Exposure to Acidic Challenge
Ahmed Elsherbini, Salma M. Fathy, Walid Al-Zordk, Mutlu Özcan, Amal A. Sakrana
Dentistry Journal.2025; 13(3): 117. CrossRef
Biomechanical reinforcement by CAD-CAM materials affects stress distributions of posterior composite bridges: 3D finite element analysis.
Alaaeldin Elraggal, Islam M. Abdelraheem, David C. Watts, Sandipan Roy, Vamsi Krishna Dommeti, Abdulrahman Alshabib, Khaled Abid Althaqafi, Rania R. Afifi
Dental Materials.2024; 40(5): 869. CrossRef
Surface Properties and Wear Resistance of Injectable and Computer-Aided Design/Computer Aided Manufacturing–Milled Resin Composite Thin Occlusal Veneers
Nesrine A. Elsahn, Hatem M. El-Damanhoury, Zainab Shirazi, Abdul Rahman M. Saleh
European Journal of Dentistry.2023; 17(03): 663. CrossRef
Effect of acidic media on flexural strength and fatigue of CAD-CAM dental materials
Alaaeldin Elraggal, Rania. R Afifi, Rasha A. Alamoush, Islam Abdel Raheem, David C. Watts
Dental Materials.2023; 39(1): 57. CrossRef
Three-year Follow-up of Conservative Direct Composite Veneers on Eroded Teeth
RQ Ramos, NF Coelho, GC Lopes
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The effects of intrinsic and extrinsic acids on nanofilled and bulk fill resin composites: Roughness, surface hardness, and scanning electron microscopy analysis
Milena F. Alencar, Mirella T. Pereira, Maria D. R. De‐Moraes, Sérgio L. Santiago, Vanara F. Passos
Microscopy Research and Technique.2020; 83(2): 202. CrossRef

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Research Article

Effect of water storage on flexural strength of silorane and methacrylate-based composite resins: Narges Panahandeh, Hassan Torabzadeh, Hani Naderi, Seyedeh Mahsa Sheikh-Al-Eslamian; Restor Dent Endod 2017;42(4):309-315. Published online November 6, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2017.42.4.309

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This study assessed the effect of water storage on the flexural strength (FS) of low shrinkage composites.

Materials and Methods

A total of 165 bar-shaped specimens (2 × 2 × 25 mm) were fabricated of 2 low shrinkage composites (Filtek P90 [3M ESPE], GC Kalore [GC International]) and a conventional methacrylate-based composite (Filtek Z250 [3M ESPE]). The specimens were subjected to 3-point bending test at 6 time intervals, namely: immediately after curing, at 24 hours, 1 week, 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year following storage in wet and dry conditions. The FS of the specimens were measured by applying compressive load at a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/min. Data was analyzed using 3-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test.

Results

Three-way ANOVA revealed significant interactions between time, type of composite, and storage condition (p = 0.001). Tukey's multiple comparison test revealed significant reductions in FS of all composites after 6 months and 1 year of storage in distilled water compared to dry condition.

Conclusions

Filtek P90 showed the highest and GC Kalore showed the lowest FS after 1 year storage in distilled water. The immediate high strength of Filtek Z250 significantly decreased at 1 year and its final value was lower than that of Filtek P90.

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Effects of Bio-Aging on Mechanical Properties and Microbial Behavior of Different Resin Composites
Yuke Shou, Lanzhi Deng, Xiaoyu Huang, Xinyu Peng, Xinxuan Zhou, Zheng Wang, Yannan Huang, Bina Yang, Haohao Wang, Min Zhang, Lei Cheng
Biomolecules.2023; 13(7): 1125. CrossRef
Changes in color and contrast ratio of resin composites after curing and storage in water
Marlus da Silva Pedrosa, Fernando Neves Nogueira, Vitor de Oliveira Baldo, Igor Studart Medeiros
The Saudi Dental Journal.2021; 33(8): 1160. CrossRef
Ageing of Dental Composites Based on Methacrylate Resins—A Critical Review of the Causes and Method of Assessment
Agata Szczesio-Wlodarczyk, Jerzy Sokolowski, Joanna Kleczewska, Kinga Bociong
Polymers.2020; 12(4): 882. CrossRef
Color stability of nanohybrid composite resins in drinks
Juliana Jendiroba Faraoni, Isabela Barbosa Quero, Lívia Semedo Schiavuzzo, Regina Guenka Palma-Dibb
Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences.2019; 18: e191601. CrossRef
Mechanical Degradation of Different Classes of Composite Resins Aged in Water, Air, and Oil
Weber Adad Ricci, Priscila Alfano, Saulo Pamato, Carlos Alberto dos Santos Cruz, Jefferson Ricardo Pereira
BioMed Research International.2019; 2019: 1. CrossRef
Effects of water and microbial-based aging on the performance of three dental restorative materials
Xinxuan Zhou, Suping Wang, Xian Peng, Yao Hu, Biao Ren, Mingyun Li, Liying Hao, Mingye Feng, Lei Cheng, Xuedong Zhou
Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials.2018; 80: 42. CrossRef

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Review Article

Survival rates against fracture of endodontically treated posterior teeth restored with full-coverage crowns or resin composite restorations: a systematic review: Warattama Suksaphar, Danuchit Banomyong, Titalee Jirathanyanatt, Yaowaluk Ngoenwiwatkul; Restor Dent Endod 2017;42(3):157-167. Published online July 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2017.42.3.157

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

This systematic review aims to summarize the current clinical studies that investigated survival rates against fracture of endodontically treated posterior teeth restored with crowns or resin composite restorations. Literature search were performed using keywords. Publications from 1980 to 2016 were searched in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and SCOPUS. Included studies were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Three clinical studies were included: 1 randomized controlled trial and 1 prospective and 1 retrospective cohort studies. Pooled survival rates ranged from 94%–100% and 91.9%–100% for crowns and resin composite, respectively. The majority of teeth had no more than 3 surface loss of tooth structure. The studies included were heterogeneous, and were not appropriate for further meta-analysis. Current evidence suggested that the survival rates against the fracture of endodontically treated posterior teeth restored with crowns or resin composites were not significantly different in the teeth with minimum to moderate loss of tooth structure.

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Ahmed Abdelsattar Metwaly, Amira Farid Elzoghby, Rawda Hesham Abd ElAziz
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Research Articles

In vitro study of Streptococcus mutans adhesion on composite resin coated with three surface sealants: Da Hye Kim, Tae-Yub Kwon; Restor Dent Endod 2017;42(1):39-47. Published online December 30, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2017.42.1.39

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

Although the coating of surface sealants to dental composite resin may potentially reduce bacterial adhesion, there seems to be little information regarding this issue. This preliminary in vitro study investigated the adhesion of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) on the dental composite resins coated with three commercial surface sealants.

Materials and Methods

Composite resin (Filtek Z250) discs (8 mm in diameter, 1 mm in thickness) were fabricated in a mold covered with a Mylar strip (control). In group PoGo, the surfaces were polished with PoGo. In groups PS, OG, and FP, the surfaces polished with PoGo were coated with the corresponding surface sealants (PermaSeal, PS; OptiGuard, OG; Fortify Plus, FP). The surfaces of the materials and S. mutans cells were characterized by various methods. S. mutans adhesion to the surfaces was quantitatively evaluated using flow cytometry (n = 9).

Results

Group OG achieved the lowest water contact angle among all groups tested (p < 0.001). The cell surface of S. mutans tested showed hydrophobic characteristics. Group PoGo exhibited the greatest bacterial adhesion among all groups tested (p < 0.001). The sealant-coated groups showed statistically similar (groups PS and FP, p > 0.05) or significantly lower (group OG, p < 0.001) bacterial adhesion when compared with the control group.

Conclusions

The application of the surface sealants significantly reduced S. mutans adhesion to the composite resin polished with the PoGo.

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K Karimi, NG Fischer, CA Jurado, J Villalobos-Tinoco, A Tsujimoto
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Hee-Seon Kim, Woohyung Jang, Yeong-Gwan Im, Hyun-Pil Lim
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Do the differences in organic contents of composite resins affect surface roughness and Streptococcus mutans adhesion?
Duygu Hisarbeyli, Nazmiye Dönmez, Nursen Topçuoğlu
Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology.2022; 36(9): 921. CrossRef
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Umer Daood, Meera Priyadarshini Balasankar, Marrwa A. Ibrahim, Mallikarjuna Rao Pichika, Kit-Kay Mak, Amr S. Fawzy
International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives.2021; 105: 102797. CrossRef
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Gunce Ozan, Meltem Mert Eren, Cansu Vatansever, Ugur Erdemir
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Mebin George Mathew, S. R. Samuel, Ashu Jagdish Soni, Korishettar Basavaraj Roopa
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Effect of immersion into solutions at various pH on the color stability of composite resins with different shades: Ji-Deok Moon, Eun-Mi Seon, Sung-Ae Son, Kyoung-Hwa Jung, Yong-Hoon Kwon, Jeong-Kil Park; Restor Dent Endod 2015;40(4):270-276. Published online August 28, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2015.40.4.270

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This study examined the color changes of a resin composite with different shades upon exposure to water with different pH.

Materials and Methods

Nanohybrid resin composites (Filtek Z350XT, 3M ESPE) with four different shades (A2, A3, B1, and B2) were immersed in water with three different pH (pH 3, 6, and 9) for 14 day. The CIE L*a*b* color coordinates of the specimens were evaluated before and after immersion in the solutions. The color difference (ΔE*) and the translucency parameter (TP) were calculated using the color coordinates.

Results

ΔE* ranged from 0.33 to 1.58, and the values were affected significantly by the pH. The specimens immersed in a pH 6 solution showed the highest ΔE* values (0.87 - 1.58). The specimens with a B1 shade showed the lowest ΔE* change compared to the other shades. TP ranged from 7.01 to 9.46 depending on the pH and resin shade. The TP difference between before and after immersion in the pH solutions was less than 1.0.

Conclusions

The resulting change of color of the tested specimens did not appear to be clinically problematic because the color difference was < 1.6 in the acidic, neutral, and alkaline solutions regardless of the resin shade, i.e., the color change was imperceptible.

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Laura Firmo de Carvalho, Edmara T. P. Bergamo, Ernesto B. Benalcázar-Jalkh, Tiago M. B. Campos, Abbas Zahoui, Elisa De Souza Fermino, Ana Clara Mota de Oliveira, Ana Carolina Magalhães, Estevam A. Bonfante, Fábio José B. Bezerra, Larissa M.M. Alves
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Vilas Rajguru, Smita Khalikar, Sonali Mahajan, Gopika Gopan, Siddhi D Bhatawadekar, Kishor Mahale
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Ahmet Hazar, Ecehan Hazar
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JEX Ong, AU Yap, A Abdul Aziz, NA Yahya
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Saijai Tanthanuch, Boonlert Kukiattrakoon, Chailuck Naiyanart, Tanyanat Promtong, Panuwit Yothinwatthanabamrung, Suttida Pumpua
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Effect of organic acids in dental biofilm on microhardness of a silorane-based composite: Sedighe Sadat Hashemikamangar, Seyed Jalal Pourhashemi, Mohammad Talebi, Nazanin Kiomarsi, Mohammad Javad Kharazifard; Restor Dent Endod 2015;40(3):188-194. Published online June 2, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2015.40.3.188

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This study evaluated the effect of lactic acid and acetic acid on the microhardness of a silorane-based composite compared to two methacrylate-based composite resins.

Materials and Methods

Thirty disc-shaped specimens each were fabricated of Filtek P90, Filtek Z250 and Filtek Z350XT. After measuring of Vickers microhardness, they were randomly divided into 3 subgroups (n = 10) and immersed in lactic acid, acetic acid or distilled water. Microhardness was measured after 48 hr and 7 day of immersion. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA (p < 0.05). The surfaces of two additional specimens were evaluated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) before and after immersion.

Results

All groups showed a reduction in microhardness after 7 day of immersion (p < 0.001). At baseline and 7 day, the microhardness of Z250 was the greatest, followed by Z350 and P90 (p < 0.001). At 48 hr, the microhardness values of Z250 and Z350 were greater than P90 (p < 0.001 for both), but those of Z250 and Z350 were not significantly different (p = 0.095). Also, the effect of storage media on microhardness was not significant at baseline, but significant at 48 hr and after 7 day (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Lactic acid had the greatest effect.

Conclusions

The microhardness of composites decreased after 7 day of immersion. The microhardness of P90 was lower than that of other composites. Lactic acid caused a greater reduction in microhardness compared to other solutions.

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Marco Colombo, Simone Gallo, Claudio Poggio, Vittorio Ricaldone, Carla Renata Arciola, Andrea Scribante
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Marco Colombo, Claudio Poggio, Alessandro Lasagna, Marco Chiesa, Andrea Scribante
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Serdar Akarsu, Hüseyin Özgür Özdemir
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The effect of resin thickness on polymerization characteristics of silorane-based composite resin: Sung-Ae Son, Hyoung-Mee Roh, Bock Hur, Yong-Hoon Kwon, Jeong-Kil Park; Restor Dent Endod 2014;39(4):310-318. Published online September 5, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2014.39.4.310

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This study examined the influence of the resin thickness on the polymerization of silorane- and methacrylate-based composites.

Materials and Methods

One silorane-based (Filtek P90, 3M ESPE) and two methacrylate-based (Filtek Z250 and Z350, 3M ESPE) composite resins were used. The number of photons were detected using a photodiode detector at the different thicknesses (thickness, 1, 2 and 3 mm) specimens. The microhardness of the top and bottom surfaces was measured (n = 15) using a Vickers hardness with 200 gf load and 15 sec dwell time conditions. The degree of conversion (DC) of the specimens was determined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Scratched powder of each top and bottom surface of the specimen dissolved in ethanol for transmission FTIR spectroscopy. The refractive index was measured using a Abbe-type refractometer. To measure the polymerization shrinkage, a linometer was used. The results were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test at p < 0.05 level.

Results

The silorane-based resin composite showed the lowest filler content and light attenuation among the specimens. P90 showed the highest values in the DC and the lowest microhardness at all depth. In the polymerization shrinkage, P90 showed a significantly lower shrinkage than the rest two resin products (p < 0.05). P90 showed a significantly lower refractive index than the remaining two resin products (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

DC, microhardness, polymerization rate and refractive index linearly decreased as specimen thickness linearly increased. P90 showed much less polymerization shrinkage compared to other specimens. P90, even though achieved the highest DC, showed the lowest microhardness and refractive index.

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Effect of 38% carbamide peroxide on the microleakage of silorane-based versus methacrylate-based composite restorations: Sedighe Sadat Hashemi Kamangar, Maryam Ghavam, Nazanin Mahinfar, Seyed Jalal Pourhashemi; Restor Dent Endod 2014;39(3):172-179. Published online May 13, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2014.39.3.172

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Objectives
This study aimed to assess the effect of 38% carbamide peroxide on the microleakage of class V cavities restored with either a silorane-based composite or two methacrylate-based composites.
Materials and Methods
A total of 96 class V cavities were prepared on the buccal surface of extracted human teeth with both enamel and dentin margins and were randomly assigned into three groups of Filtek P90 (3M-ESPE) + P90 system adhesive (3M-ESPE)(group A), Filtek Z250 (3M-ESPE) + Adper Prompt L-Pop (3M-ESPE)(group B) and Filtek Z350XT (3M-ESPE) + Adper Prompt L-Pop (group C). Half of the teeth were randomly underwent bleaching (38% carbamide peroxide, Day White, Discus Dental, applying for 15 min, twice a day for 14 day) while the remaining half (control) were not bleached. Dye penetration was measured following immersion in basic fuchsine. Data were statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests at a level of 0.05.
Results
No significant differences were found between composites in the control groups in enamel (p = 0.171) or dentin (p = 0.094) margins. After bleaching, microleakage of Z250 (in enamel [p = 0.867] or dentin [p = 0.590] margins) and Z350 (in enamel [p = 0.445] or dentin [p = 0.591] margins) did not change significantly, but the microleakage of P90 significantly increased in both enamel (p = 0.042) and dentin (p = 0.002) margins.
Conclusions
No significant differences were noted between the bleached and control subgroups of two methacrylate-based composites in enamel or dentin margins. Microleakage of silorane-based composite significantly increased after bleaching.

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Antibacterial properties of composite resins incorporating silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles on Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus: Shahin Kasraei, Lida Sami, Sareh Hendi, Mohammad-Yousef AliKhani, Loghman Rezaei-Soufi, Zahra Khamverdi; Restor Dent Endod 2014;39(2):109-114. Published online March 21, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2014.39.2.109

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

Recurrent caries was partly ascribed to lack of antibacterial properties in composite resin. Silver and zinc nanoparticles are considered to be broad-spectrum antibacterial agents. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial properties of composite resins containing 1% silver and zinc-oxide nanoparticles on Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus.

Materials and Methods

Ninety discoid tablets containing 0%, 1% nano-silver and 1% nano zinc-oxide particles were prepared from flowable composite resin (n = 30). The antibacterial properties of composite resin discs were evaluated by direct contact test. Diluted solutions of Streptococcus mutans (PTCC 1683) and Lactobacillus (PTCC 1643) were prepared. 0.01 mL of each bacterial species was separately placed on the discs. The discs were transferred to liquid culture media and were incubated at 37℃ for 8 hr. 0.01 mL of each solution was cultured on blood agar and the colonies were counted. Data was analyzed with Kruskall-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests.

Results

Composites containing nano zinc-oxide particles or silver nanoparticles exhibited higher antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The effect of zinc-oxide on Streptococcus mutans was significantly higher than that of silver (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the antibacterial activity against Lactobacillus between composites containing silver nanoparticles and those containing zinc-oxide nanoparticles.

Conclusions

Composite resins containing silver or zinc-oxide nanoparticles exhibited antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus.

Citations

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Bond strength of self-adhesive resin cements to composite submitted to different surface pretreatments: Victor Hugo dos Santos, Sandro Griza, Rafael Ratto de Moraes, André Luis Faria-e-Silva; Restor Dent Endod 2014;39(1):12-16. Published online January 20, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2014.39.1.12

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

Extensively destroyed teeth are commonly restored with composite resin before cavity preparation for indirect restorations. The longevity of the restoration can be related to the proper bonding of the resin cement to the composite. This study aimed to evaluate the microshear bond strength of two self-adhesive resin cements to composite resin.

Materials and Methods

Composite discs were subject to one of six different surface pretreatments: none (control), 35% phosphoric acid etching for 30 seconds (PA), application of silane (silane), PA + silane, PA + adhesive, or PA + silane + adhesive (n = 6). A silicone mold containing a cylindrical orifice (1 mm² diameter) was placed over the composite resin. RelyX Unicem (3M ESPE) or BisCem (Bisco Inc.) self-adhesive resin cement was inserted into the orifices and light-cured. Self-adhesive cement cylinders were submitted to shear loading. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (p < 0.05).

Results

Independent of the cement used, the PA + Silane + Adhesive group showed higher microshear bond strength than those of the PA and PA + Silane groups. There was no difference among the other treatments. Unicem presented higher bond strength than BisCem for all experimental conditions.

Conclusions

Pretreatments of the composite resin surface might have an effect on the bond strength of self-adhesive resin cements to this substrate.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

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