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Research Articles
Clinical and radiographic outcomes of regenerative endodontic treatment performed by endodontic postgraduate students: a retrospective study
Hadi Rajeh Alfahadi, Saad Al-Nazhan, Fawaz Hamad Alkazman, Nassr Al-Maflehi, Nada Al-Nazhan
Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(2):e24.   Published online May 9, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e24
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

Regenerative endodontic treatment is a clinical procedure aimed at biologically regenerating damaged root canal tissue of immature permanent teeth. This study aimed to report the outcomes of regenerative endodontic treatment performed by endodontic postgraduate students.

Materials and Methods

Clinical and radiographic data of 27 patients, aged 10–22 years, who underwent regenerative treatment of immature permanent teeth from 2015 to 2019 were followed up, wherein clinical and radiographic examinations were performed for each patient. Postoperative success rate and tooth survival were analyzed, and the postoperative radiographic root area changes were quantified.

Results

A total of 23 patients attended the dental appointments, showing that all teeth survived and were asymptomatic. Specifically, 7 periapical pathosis cases were completely healed, 12 were incompletely healed, and 4 cases failed. Moreover, significant differences were found between discolored and non-discolored teeth, and between the presence or absence of periapical radiolucency. Additionally, 3 anterior teeth showed complete closure of the apical foramen, while the apical foramen width was reduced in 17 teeth and failed in 3 teeth. Root length was also found to have been increased in 7 anterior and 4 posterior teeth, and the average length ranged from 4.00–0.63 mm in the anterior teeth, 2.85–1.48 mm of the mesial root, and 2.73–2.16 mm of the molar teeth distal root. Furthermore, calcified tissue deposition was observed in 7 teeth.

Conclusions

A favorable outcome of regenerative endodontic treatment of immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulp was achieved with a high survival rate.

Citations

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  • Allogeneic Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Transplantation Induces Dentin Pulp Complex-like Formation in Immature Teeth with Pulp Necrosis and Apical Periodontitis
    Jose Francisco Gomez-Sosa, José E. Cardier, Olga Wittig, Dylana Díaz-Solano, Eloisa Lara, Kharelys Duque, Giselle Ramos-González
    Journal of Endodontics.2024; 50(4): 483.     CrossRef
  • Radiographic assessment of dental post and core placement at different educational levels in an undergraduate student clinic: a 4-year retrospective study
    Turki Alshehri, Nourhan M. Aly, Raand Altayyar, Deena Alghamdi, Shahad Alotaibi, Passent Ellakany
    F1000Research.2024; 12: 976.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of the efficacy of injectable platelet‐rich fibrin versus platelet‐rich plasma in the regeneration of traumatized necrotic immature maxillary anterior teeth: A randomized clinical trial
    Maha Mohamed Abo‐Heikal, Jealan M. El‐Shafei, Samia A. Shouman, Nehal N. Roshdy
    Dental Traumatology.2024; 40(1): 61.     CrossRef
  • Radiographical assessment of post and core placement errors encountered by Saudi dental students at different educational levels
    Turki Alshehri, Nourhan M. Aly, Raand Altayyar, Deena Alghamdi, Shahad Alotaibi, Passent Ellakany
    F1000Research.2023; 12: 976.     CrossRef
  • 394 View
  • 18 Download
  • 4 Web of Science
  • 4 Crossref
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Push-out bond strength and marginal adaptation of apical plugs with bioactive endodontic cements in simulated immature teeth
Maria Aparecida Barbosa de Sá, Eduardo Nunes, Alberto Nogueira da Gama Antunes, Manoel Brito Júnior, Martinho Campolina Rebello Horta, Rodrigo Rodrigues Amaral, Stephen Cohen, Frank Ferreira Silveira
Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(4):e53.   Published online October 20, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e53
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

This study evaluates the bond strength and marginal adaptation of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) Repair HP and Biodentine used as apical plugs; MTA was used as reference material for comparison.

Materials and Methods

A total of 30 single-rooted teeth with standardized, artificially created open apices were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 10 per group), according to the material used to form 6-mm-thick apical plugs: group 1 (MTA Repair HP); group 2 (Biodentine); and group 3 (white MTA). Subsequently, the specimens were transversely sectioned to obtain 2 (cervical and apical) 2.5-mm-thick slices per root. Epoxy resin replicas were observed under a scanning electron microscope to measure the gap size at the material/dentin interface (the largest and smaller gaps were recorded for each replica). The bond strength of the investigated materials to dentin was determined using the push-out test. The variable bond strengths and gap sizes were evaluated independently at the apical and cervical root dentin slices. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytic statistics.

Results

The comparison between the groups regarding the variables' bond strengths and gap sizes showed no statistical difference (p > 0.05) except for a single difference in the smallest gap at the cervical root dentin slice, which was higher in group 3 than in group 1 (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The bond strength and marginal adaptation to root canal walls of MTA HP and Biodentine cement were comparable to white MTA.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Evaluation of the root dentin bond strength and intratubular biomineralization of a premixed calcium aluminate-based hydraulic bioceramic endodontic sealer
    Yu-Na Lee, Min-Kyeong Kim, Hee-Jin Kim, Mi-Kyung Yu, Kwang-Won Lee, Kyung-San Min
    Journal of Oral Science.2024; 66(2): 96.     CrossRef
  • Managing Cracked Teeth with Root Extension: A Prospective Preliminary Study Using Biodentine™ Material
    Kênia Maria Soares de Toubes, Isabella Sousa Corrêa, Regina Célia Lopes Valadares, Stephanie Quadros Tonelli, Fábio Fernandes Borém Bruzinga, Frank Ferreira Silveira, Dr Karthikeyan Ramalingam
    International Journal of Dentistry.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Marginal adaptation of customized gutta percha cone with calcium silicate based sealer versus MTA and biodentine apical plugs in simulated immature permanent teeth (an in vitro study)
    Mary M. Mina, Sybel M. Moussa, Mahmoud R. Aboelseoud
    BMC Oral Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Comparative Evaluation of Push-Out Bond Strength of Conventional Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, Biodentine, a Modified Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, and Two Novel Antibacterial-Enhanced Mineral Trioxide Aggregates
    Arokia Rajkumar Shancy Merlin, Vignesh Ravindran, Ganesh Jeevanandan, Rajalakshmanan Eswaramoorthy, Abirami Arthanari
    Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Push out bond strength of hydraulic cements used at different thicknesses
    C. Ruiz Durán, Dra L. Gancedo-Caravia, V. Vera González, C. González Losada
    BMC Oral Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effects of different calcium-silicate based materials on fracture resistance of immature permanent teeth with replacement root resorption and osteoclastogenesis
    Gabriela Leite de Souza, Gabrielle Alves Nunes Freitas, Maria Tereza Hordones Ribeiro, Nelly Xiomara Alvarado Lemus, Carlos José Soares, Camilla Christian Gomes Moura
    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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  • 10 Download
  • 7 Web of Science
  • 6 Crossref
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Bone repair in defects filled with AH Plus sealer and different concentrations of MTA: a study in rat tibiae
Jessica Emanuella Rocha Paz, Priscila Oliveira Costa, Albert Alexandre Costa Souza, Ingrid Macedo de Oliveira, Lucas Fernandes Falcão, Carlos Alberto Monteiro Falcão, Maria Ângela Area Leão Ferraz, Lucielma Salmito Soares Pinto
Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(4):e48.   Published online September 2, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e48
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the effects on bone repair of different concentrations of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) added to AH Plus.

Materials and Methods

Bone tissue reactions were evaluated in 30 rats (Rattus norvegicus) after 7 and 30 days. In the AH + MTA10, AH + MTA20, and AH + MTA30 groups, defects in the tibiae were filled with AH Plus with MTA in proportions of 10%, 20% and 30%, respectively; in the MTA-FILL group, MTA Fillapex was used; and in the control group, no sealer was used. The samples were histologically analyzed to assess bone union and maturation. The Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were performed for multiple pairwise comparisons (p ≤ 0.05).

Results

At the 7-day time point, AH + MTA10 was superior to MTA-FILL with respect to bone union, and AH + MTA20 was superior to MTA-FILL with respect to bone maturity (p < 0.05). At the 30-day time point, both the AH + MTA10 and AH + MTA20 experimental sealers were superior not only to MTA-FILL, but also to AH + MTA30 with respect to both parameters (p < 0.05). The results of the AH + MTA10 and AH + MTA20 groups were superior to those of the control group for both parameters and experimental time points (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The results suggest the potential benefit of using a combination of these materials in situations requiring bone repair.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Analysis of the cytotoxicity and bioactivity of CeraSeal, BioRoot™ and AH Plus® sealers in pre-osteoblast lineage cells
    Luciano Aparecido de Almeida-Junior, Giuliana de Campos Chaves Lamarque, Henry Herrera, Maya Fernanda Manfrin Arnez, Francine Lorencetti-Silva, Raquel Assed Bezerra Silva, Léa Assed Bezerra Silva, Francisco Wanderley Garcia Paula-Silva
    BMC Oral Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A Review of the research methods and progress of biocompatibility evaluation of root canal sealers
    Xiliang Yang, Tianxia Zheng, Nuoya Yang, Zihan Yin, Wuliang Wang, Yuhong Bai
    Australian Endodontic Journal.2023; 49(S1): 508.     CrossRef
  • Effect of Vitapex Combined with AH-Plus Paste on Inflammation in Middle-Aged and Elderly Patients with Periodontal-Endodontic Disease
    Rong Hu, Fulan Zhang, Xiangyu Guo, Youren Jing, Xiaowan Lin, Liping Tian, Min Tang
    Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine.2022; 2022: 1.     CrossRef
  • 282 View
  • 8 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • 3 Crossref
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Dentin moisture conditions strongly influence its interactions with bioactive root canal sealers
Esin Ozlek, Hüseyin Gündüz, Elif Akkol, Prasanna Neelakantan
Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(2):e24.   Published online March 24, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e24
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

It is known that bioactive materials interact with the dentin to undergo biomineralization. The exact role of moisture in this interaction is unknown. Here, we investigate the effects of dentin moisture conditions on the dislocation resistance of two bioactive root canal sealers (MTA Fillapex [Angelus Solucoes Odontologicas] and GuttaFlow BioSeal [Colténe/Whaledent AG]) at 3 weeks and 3 months after obturation.

Materials and Methods

Mandibular premolars (n = 120) were prepared and randomly divided into 3 groups based on the dentin condition: group 1, dry dentin; group 2, moist dentin; group 3, wet dentin. Each group was divided into 2 subgroups for root canal filling: MTA Fillapex and GuttaFlow BioSeal. Dislocation resistance was evaluated by measuring the push-out bond strength at 3 weeks and 3 months. Failure modes were examined under a stereomicroscope. Data were statistically analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test with a significance level of 5%.

Results

Moist dentin resulted in higher bond strength values for both materials at both time points. This was significantly higher than wet and dry dentin for both the sealers at the 3 months (p < 0.05), while at 3 weeks it was significant only for GuttaFlow Bioseal. The different moisture conditions demonstrated similar trends in their effects on the dislocation resistance of the 2 root canal sealers.

Conclusions

The dentin moisture conditions had a significant impact on its interaction with the bioactive materials tested. Maintaining moist dentin, but not dry or wet dentin, may be advantageous before the filling root canals with bioactive sealers.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The effect of moisture conditions and canal morphologies on the filling quality of iRoot SP with single-cone technique in root canals: an ex-vivo study
    Jing Yang, Xiran Xu, Jian Zhang, Kehua Que
    Frontiers in Dental Medicine.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Bond Strength and Adhesive Interface Quality of New Pre‐Mixed Bioceramic Root Canal Sealer
    Gustavo Creazzo, Bruna Monteiro de Barros Ciribelli Alves, Helena Cristina de Assis, Karen Gisselle Garay Villamayor, Manoel Damião de Sousa‐Neto, Jardel Francisco Mazzi‐Chaves, Fabiane Carneiro Lopes‐Olhê
    Microscopy Research and Technique.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of apical seal and tubular penetration of a novel bioactive glass sealer, bioceramic sealer and resin–based sealer: an In-Vitro study
    M. Bilal, S. Pasha, S. Kumar, S. Arif, S. Taj, A. Saleem
    Endodontics Today.2025; 23(1): 39.     CrossRef
  • Preparation and characterization of novel nano-tricalcium silicate-58s bioactive glass-based root canal sealer
    Nawal Atiya Al-Sabawi, Sawsan Hameed Al-Jubori
    Saudi Endodontic Journal.2024; 14(1): 90.     CrossRef
  • The flow behavior and sealing ability of calcium silicate root canal cement containing dimethyl sulfoxide: An in vitro study
    Bokyung Shin, Ji-Hwan Seo, Wonjung Kim, Yu Jin Ahn, Ho-Young Kim, Won-Jun Shon
    Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials.2024; 150: 106156.     CrossRef
  • Nanoleakage of apical sealing using a calcium silicate-based sealer according to canal drying methods
    Yoon-Joo Lee, Kyung-Mo Cho, Se-Hee Park, Yoon Lee, Jin-Woo Kim
    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effect of operators’ proficiency level and patients’ related factors on possible complications, using a high frequency polyamide sonic intracanal irrigation device: A prospective clinical cohort study
    Tobias Hahn, David W. Christofzik, Karim Fawzy El-Sayed, Sandra Freitag-Wolf, Jonas Conrad, Christian Graetz, Birte Größner-Schreiber, Christof Dörfer, Artak Heboyan
    PLOS ONE.2023; 18(5): e0285492.     CrossRef
  • Physical-chemical properties and acellular bioactivity of newly prepared nano-tricalcium silicate-58s bioactive glass-based endodontic sealer
    Nawal A. Al-Sabawi, Sawsan Hameed Al-Jubori
    Journal of Oral Biosciences.2023; 65(4): 305.     CrossRef
  • Biocompatibility analysis in subcutaneous tissue and physico-chemical analysis of pre-mixed calcium silicate–based sealers
    Ana Cristina Padilha Janini, Lauter Eston Pelepenko, Juliana Minto Boldieri, Victor Augusto Benedicto dos Santos, Nilvan Alves da Silva, Ivo Milton Raimundo, Brenda P. F. A. Gomes, Marina Angélica Marciano
    Clinical Oral Investigations.2023; 27(5): 2221.     CrossRef
  • Canal Drying Protocols to Use with Calcium Silicate–based Sealer: Effect on Bond Strength and Adhesive Interface
    Lais Lima Pelozo, Aline Evangelista Souza-Gabriel, Guilherme Nilson Alves dos Santos, Rafael Verardino Camargo, Fabiane Carneiro Lopes-Olhê, Manoel Damião Sousa-Neto, Jardel Francisco Mazzi-Chaves
    Journal of Endodontics.2023; 49(9): 1154.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of push‐out bond strength of endodontic sealers after root canal drying with different techniques
    Ahmadreza Sarrafan, Ali Soleymani, Tasnim Bagheri Chenari, Seyedali Seyedmajidi
    Clinical and Experimental Dental Research.2023; 9(2): 314.     CrossRef
  • Designing Calcium Silicate Cements with On-Demand Properties for Precision Endodontics
    A. Cahyanto, P. Rath, T.X. Teo, S.S. Tong, R. Malhotra, B.N. Cavalcanti, L.Z. Lim, K.S. Min, D. Ho, W.F. Lu, V. Rosa
    Journal of Dental Research.2023; 102(13): 1425.     CrossRef
  • Outcome of root canal treatment using warm vertical compaction with bioceramic and resin‐based sealers: A randomised clinical trial
    Jinghao Hu, Yunjie Zhu, Shuli Deng, Zeji Wang, Fuming He
    Australian Endodontic Journal.2023; 49(S1): 170.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of the Sealing Ability and Bond Strength of Two Endodontic Root Canal Sealers: An In Vitro Study
    Manuel Marques Ferreira, José Pedro Martinho, Inês Duarte, Diogo Mendonça, Ana Catarina Craveiro, Maria Filomena Botelho, Eunice Carrilho, Carlos Miguel Marto, Ana Coelho, Anabela Paula, Siri Paulo, Nuno Chichorro, Ana Margarida Abrantes
    Dentistry Journal.2022; 10(11): 201.     CrossRef
  • How do imaging protocols affect the assessment of root-end fillings?
    Fernanda Ferrari Esteves Torres, Reinhilde Jacobs, Mostafa EzEldeen, Karla de Faria-Vasconcelos, Juliane Maria Guerreiro-Tanomaru, Bernardo Camargo dos Santos, Mário Tanomaru-Filho
    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effect of using calcium-silicate and silicone based root canal sealers in bulk or with main core material on bond strength
    Gizem Kadı, Esin Özlek, Yousef Saed
    Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects.2022; 16(4): 229.     CrossRef
  • Physico-chemical properties of calcium silicate-based sealers in powder/liquid and ready-to-use forms
    Ana C P Janini, Lauter E Pelepenko, Brenda P F A Gomes, Marina A Marciano
    Brazilian Dental Journal.2022; 33(5): 18.     CrossRef
  • Influence of dentin moisture conditions on the wetting action of different endodontic sealers using Rame-Hart goniometer: An in vitro study
    Sivaji Kauravi, ShruthiH Attavar, GyanendraPratap Singh
    Journal of International Oral Health.2022; 14(6): 624.     CrossRef
  • Heating stability, physical and chemical analysis of calcium silicate‐based endodontic sealers
    T. B. M. Antunes, A. C. P. Janini, L. E. Pelepenko, G. F. Abuna, E. M. Paiva, M. A. C. Sinhoreti, I. M. Raimundo, B. P. F. A. Gomes, A. de‐Jesus‐Soares, M. A. Marciano
    International Endodontic Journal.2021; 54(7): 1175.     CrossRef
  • Characterization, Antimicrobial Effects, and Cytocompatibility of a Root Canal Sealer Produced by Pozzolan Reaction between Calcium Hydroxide and Silica
    Mi-Ah Kim, Vinicius Rosa, Prasanna Neelakantan, Yun-Chan Hwang, Kyung-San Min
    Materials.2021; 14(11): 2863.     CrossRef
  • Main and Accessory Canal Filling Quality of a Premixed Calcium Silicate Endodontic Sealer According to Different Obturation Techniques
    Su-Yeon Ko, Hae Won Choi, E-Deun Jeong, Vinicius Rosa, Yun-Chan Hwang, Mi-Kyung Yu, Kyung-San Min
    Materials.2020; 13(19): 4389.     CrossRef
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  • 21 Crossref
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Case Report
Observation of an extracted premolar 2.5 years after mineral trioxide aggregate apexification using micro-computed tomography
Gayeon Lee, Chooryung Chung, Sunil Kim, Su-Jung Shin
Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(2):e4.   Published online November 22, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e4
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

Although numerous studies have been conducted on apexification using mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), direct observation of extracted human teeth after the procedure has been rarely reported. This case report describes a mandibular premolar treated 2.5 years ago and extracted recently for orthodontic treatment. The tubercle of the right mandibular premolar of a 12-year-old boy with dens evaginatus was fractured and the pulp was exposed. The tooth was diagnosed with pulp necrosis and asymptomatic periapical abscess. During the first visit, copious irrigation was performed with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite. Calcium hydroxide paste was placed as an intracanal medicament. The sinus tract had disappeared at the second visit after 3 weeks. MTA was applied on to the bleeding point as a 4-mm-thick layer, followed by a 3-mm-thick gutta-percha filling and resin core build-up. After 2.5 years, the tooth and three other premolars were extracted for orthodontic treatment. The right and left mandibular premolars were scanned with micro-computed tomography to determine the root shape and canal anatomy. Irregular root growth was observed and the root outline of the right mandibular premolar differed from that of the contralateral tooth. Apexification with MTA leads to the formation of roots with irregular morphology, without any pulpal space.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Incorporation of amoxicillin-loaded microspheres in mineral trioxide aggregate cement: an in vitro study
    Fábio Rocha Bohns, Vicente Castelo Branco Leitune, Isadora Martini Garcia, Bruna Genari, Nélio Bairros Dornelles, Silvia Stanisçuaski Guterres, Fabrício Aulo Ogliari, Mary Anne Sampaio de Melo, Fabrício Mezzomo Collares
    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 181 View
  • 2 Download
  • 1 Crossref
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Review Article
Triple antibiotic paste: momentous roles and applications in endodontics: a review
Ardavan Parhizkar, Hanieh Nojehdehian, Saeed Asgary
Restor Dent Endod 2018;43(3):e28.   Published online June 20, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2018.43.e28
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

This study investigated the latest findings and notions regarding ‘triple antibiotic paste’ (TAP) and its applications in dentistry, particularly endodontics. TAP is a combination of 3 antibiotics, ciprofloxacin, metronidazole, and minocycline. Despite the problems and pitfalls research pertaining to this paste has unveiled, it has been vastly used in endodontic treatments. The paste's applications vary, from vital pulp therapy to the recently introduced regeneration and revascularisation protocol. Studies have shown that the paste can eliminate the root canal microorganisms and prepare an appropriate matrix for further treatments. This combination is able to remove diverse groups of obligate and facultative gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, providing an environment for healing. In regeneration protocol cases, this allows the development, disinfection, and possible sterilization of the root canal system, so that new tissue can infiltrate and grow into the radicular area. Moreover, TAP is capable of creating a discipline in which other wanted and needed treatments can be successfully performed. In conclusion, TAP, as an antibacterial intracanal medication, has diverse uses. Nevertheless, despite its positive effects, the paste has shown drawbacks. Further research concerning the combined paste and other intracanal medications to control microbiota is a must.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Evaluation of Effect of Laser in Root Canal Disinfection in Pulp Regenerative Therapy: A Systematic Review
    Kiran Kumar N, Abhishek M, Savitha B. Naik, Biji Brigit, Swetha Geervani V, M Manimozhi
    Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery.2025; 43(2): 53.     CrossRef
  • Assessing Cell Viability: Comparative Analysis of Calcium Hydroxide, Triple Antibiotic Paste, and Their Synergistic Impact on human Dental Pulp Stem Cells
    Dini Asrianti Bagio, Ibramanto Warganegara, Ike Dwi Maharti, Anggraini Margono, Citra Kusumasari, Sylva Dinie Alinda, Valeria Widita Wairooy
    European Journal of General Dentistry.2025; 14(01): 073.     CrossRef
  • Cytotoxic and Antibiofilm Properties of Antibiotic-Loaded Thermoresponsive Hydrogels for Root Canal Therapy
    Cristiane Duque, Gabriela Pacheco de Almeida Braga, Juliana Machado de Carvalho, Karina Sampaio Caiaffa, Gabriel Pereira Nunes, Rafaela Laruzo Rabelo, Vanessa Rodrigues dos Santos, Geórgia Rondó Peres, Lucas da Silva Ribeiro, Emerson Rodrigues de Camargo
    Processes.2025; 13(3): 661.     CrossRef
  • Antibiofilm properties, cytotoxicity, and effect on protease activity of antibiotics and EGCG-based medications for endodontic purposes
    Daniela Alvim Chrisostomo, Jesse Augusto Pereira, Polliana Mendes Candia Scaffa, Zach Gouveia, Gabriel Flores Abuna, Sergey V. Plotnikov, Anuradha Prakki, Cristiane Duque
    Journal of Dentistry.2025; 156: 105660.     CrossRef
  • A Comparative Evaluation of Herbal Extracts and Triple Antibiotic Paste as Intracanal Medicament against Enterococcus faecalis: A Microbiological Study
    Divya Singh, Rashi Singh, Nidhi Gupta, Natasha Gambhir, Saritha Golla
    International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry.2024; 17(3): 285.     CrossRef
  • Comparative Evaluation of Push-Out Bond Strength of Conventional Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, Biodentine, a Modified Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, and Two Novel Antibacterial-Enhanced Mineral Trioxide Aggregates
    Arokia Rajkumar Shancy Merlin, Vignesh Ravindran, Ganesh Jeevanandan, Rajalakshmanan Eswaramoorthy, Abirami Arthanari
    Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • In Vitro Evaluation of the Effect of Oleanolic Acid as a Potential Root Canal Medicament on Viability and Proliferation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells
    Khalifah A. Alhaila, Manal Farouk Badawi, Mohamed G. Elbeltagy, Amany E. Badr
    European Journal of General Dentistry.2024; 13(01): 051.     CrossRef
  • Regenerative Endodontic Treatment in Dentinogenesis Imperfecta‐Induced Apical Periodontitis
    Ying Liao, Ting Pan, Xianghui Xing, Sivakumar Nuvvula
    Case Reports in Dentistry.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Efecto antimicrobiano como medicación intraconducto de la pasta triantibiótica.
    Paúl Sebastián Ulloa Amores, Diana Álvarez Álvarez, María Elizabeth Moscoso Abad, Magda Zulay Bastidas Calva
    Revista de la Asociación Dental Mexicana.2024; 81(4): 211.     CrossRef
  • Synthesis and Characterization of Nanosilica-Coated Antibiotics, TAP: A Comprehensive Study Utilizing XRD, EDS, FTIR, SEM, and TEM – Invitro Study
    Mahaboob S. Hameed, S. Delphine P. Antony, Rajeshkumar Shanmugam, Sandhya Raghu
    Journal of International Oral Health.2024; 16(5): 386.     CrossRef
  • Association between host defence peptide IDR‐1002 and ciprofloxacin: Effects on human dental pulp cells
    Danilo César Mota Martins, Maurício Gonçalves da Costa Sousa, Poliana Amanda Oliveira Silva, Lana Ribeiro Aguiar, Rosângela Vieira de Andrade, Amandda Évellin Silva‐Carvalho, Felipe Saldanha‐Araújo, Octávio Luiz Franco, Taia Maria Berto Rezende
    Australian Endodontic Journal.2024; 50(3): 547.     CrossRef
  • Comparative evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of triple antibiotic paste and amoxicillin clavulanate paste as an intracanal medicament against Enterococcus faecalis: An in vitro study
    Dhandayuthapani Sasikala, Parisa Norouzi Baghkomeh, Jamaluddin Mohammed Farzan
    Dental Research Journal.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Triple Antibiotic Paste: A Game Changer in Endodontics
    Kalagi G. Panchal, Karima Virani, Vraj Patel, Aquib Ali Khan, Anam Pettiwala, Srikala S. Puranik, Srushti Joshi
    Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences.2024; 16(Suppl 3): S1913.     CrossRef
  • Non-surgical Management of a Large Periapical Lesion: A Case Study of the Successful Application of a Modified Triple Antibacterial Paste
    Srushti Awghad, Joyeeta Mahapatra, Amit Reche, Ankita Burse, Aradhana Kibe
    Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Enhancing Antimicrobial Efficacy and Synergistic Effects of Nano-Silica-Based Combinations With Doxycycline, Metronidazole, and Ciprofloxacin Against Enterococcus faecalis Biofilms
    Shahul Hameed, Delphine P Antony, Rajeshkumar Shanmugam, Sandhya Raghu, Hima Sandeep Adimulapu
    Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Healing of periapical lesion by non-surgical endodontic therapy: A case series
    Athira Ramesh, Rajesh Pillai, Afzal A, Anakha Santhosh, Arunima G.S, Sandeep K. V
    IP Indian Journal of Conservative and Endodontics.2024; 9(2): 99.     CrossRef
  • Effect of Calcium Hydroxide Versus Double Antibiotic Paste on Endodontic Treatment Outcomes in Teeth With Large Periapical Lesions: A Triple‐Blind Randomized Clinical Trial
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    Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences.2022; 17(4): 630.     CrossRef
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    Journal of Conservative Dentistry.2022; 25(5): 463.     CrossRef
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    P Niharika, Saigeeta Kondamadugu, Nagireddy Venugopal Reddy, Muthumula Daneswari, Annie P Chris, Nikhila V Reddy
    International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry.2022; 15(S2): S151.     CrossRef
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    Sadhna Sharma, Urvashi Bhushan, Mridula Goswami, CP Baveja
    International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry.2022; 15(S1): S12.     CrossRef
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    Jia Zhao, Tian Jiao Wang
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    Mewan Abdulrahman, Bestoon Faraj, Kawa Dizaye
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  • Comparison of Antibacterial Effects of Photodynamic Therapy, Modified Triple Antibiotic Paste and Calcium Hydroxide on Root Canals Infected With Enterococcus faecalis: An In Vitro Study
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  • 2,182 View
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Research Articles
Anatomical analysis of the resected roots of mandibular first molars after failed non-surgical retreatment
Jiyoung Yoon, Byeong-Hoon Cho, Jihyun Bae, Yonghoon Choi
Restor Dent Endod 2018;43(2):e16.   Published online March 5, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2018.43.e16
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

Understanding the reason for an unsuccessful non-surgical endodontic treatment outcome, as well as the complex anatomy of the root canal system, is very important. This study examined the cross-sectional root canal structure of mandibular first molars confirmed to have failed non-surgical root canal treatment using digital images obtained during intentional replantation surgery, as well as the causative factors of the failed conventional endodontic treatments.

Materials and Methods

This study evaluated 115 mandibular first molars. Digital photographic images of the resected surface were taken at the apical 3 mm level and examined. The discolored dentin area around the root canal was investigated by measuring the total surface area, the treated areas as determined by the endodontic filling material, and the discolored dentin area.

Results

Forty 2-rooted teeth showed discolored root dentin in both the mesial and distal roots. Compared to the original filled area, significant expansion of root dentin discoloration was observed. Moreover, the mesial roots were significantly more discolored than the distal roots. Of the 115 molars, 92 had 2 roots. Among the mesial roots of the 2-rooted teeth, 95.7% of the roots had 2 canals and 79.4% had partial/complete isthmuses and/or accessory canals.

Conclusions

Dentin discoloration that was not visible on periapical radiographs and cone-beam computed tomography was frequently found in mandibular first molars that failed endodontic treatment. The complex anatomy of the mesial roots of the mandibular first molars is another reason for the failure of conventional endodontic treatment.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
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    Xu Dong, Qian Xie, Xin Xu
    Clinical Oral Investigations.2023; 27(6): 2969.     CrossRef
  • The Impact of the Preferred Reporting Items for Case Reports in Endodontics (PRICE) 2020 Guidelines on the Reporting of Endodontic Case Reports
    Sofian Youssef, Phillip Tomson, Amir Reza Akbari, Natalie Archer, Fayjel Shah, Jasmeet Heran, Sunmeet Kandhari, Sandeep Pai, Shivakar Mehrotra, Joanna M Batt
    Cureus.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Clinical diagnostic approach in the treatment of chronic periodontitis in mandibular molars: Clinical cases
    M. A. Postnikov, A. M. Golovachev, S. E. Chigarina, D. N. Kudryashov, I. A. Zakharova, S. A. Burakshaev
    Kuban Scientific Medical Bulletin.2023; 30(5): 100.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of interorifice distance in permanent mandibular first molar with middle mesial canal in Bengaluru city, Karnataka: A cone-beam computed tomography study
    Shruthika Mahajan, N. Meena, Anithakumari Rangappa, Ali Mohammed Mashood, Chethana Murthy, M. Lokapriya
    Endodontology.2023; 35(2): 100.     CrossRef
  • A comparative study of the effects of gutta‐percha solvents on human osteoblasts and murine fibroblasts
    Gul Ipek Gundogan, Sare Durmus, Gulgun Cansu Ozturk, Nazmi Kucukyesil, Yasin Talat Acar, Rumeysa Balaban, Cenk Kig
    Australian Endodontic Journal.2021; 47(3): 569.     CrossRef
  • Endodontic retreatment of curved root canals using the dual wavelength erbium, chromium:yttrium, scandium, gallium, garnet, and diode 940-nm lasers and the XP-Endoshaper/finisher technique
    Riman Nasher, Ralf-Dieter Hilgers, Norbert Gutknecht
    Lasers in Dental Science.2020; 4(4): 211.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of gutta-percha removal from the dentinal tubules using different instrumentation techniques with or without solvent: An In vitro study
    MukeshKumar Hasija, Babita Meena, Deepti Wadhwa, KulvinderKaur Wadhwani, Virender Yadav
    Journal of the International Clinical Dental Research Organization.2020; 12(1): 27.     CrossRef
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  • 7 Crossref
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Influence of size and insertion depth of irrigation needle on debris extrusion and sealer penetration
Emel Uzunoglu-Özyürek, Hakan Karaaslan, Sevinç Aktemur Türker, Bahar Özçelik
Restor Dent Endod 2018;43(1):e2.   Published online December 22, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2018.43.e2
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

To determine the effect of size and insertion depth of irrigation needle on the amount of apical extruded debris and the amount of penetration depth of sealer using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM).

Materials and Methods

Twenty maxillary premolars were assigned to 2 groups (n = 10), according to the size of needle tip, 28 G or 30 G. Buccal roots of samples were irrigated with respective needle type inserted 1 mm short of the working length (WL), while palatal roots were irrigated with respective needle type inserted 3 mm short of the WL. Prepared teeth were removed from the pre-weighed Eppendorf tubes. Canals were filled with F3 gutta-percha cone and rhodamine B dye-labeled AH 26 sealer. Teeth were transversally sectioned at 1 and 3 mm levels from the apex and observed under a CLSM. Eppendorf tubes were incubated to evaporate the irrigant and were weighed again. The difference between pre- and post-weights was calculated, and statistical evaluation was performed.

Results

Inserting needles closer to the apex and using needles with wider diameters were associated with significantly more debris extrusion (p < 0.05). The position of needles and level of sections had statistically significant effects on sealer penetration depth (p < 0.05 for both).

Conclusions

Following preparation, inserting narrower needles compatible with the final apical diameter of the prepared root canal at 3 mm short of WL during final irrigation might prevent debris extrusion and improve sealer penetration in the apical third.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
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    Kai Qi Chiew, Xin Ni Lim, Shekhar Bhatia, Naveen Chhabra
    British Dental Journal.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Hend H. Ismail, Maram Obeid, Ehab Hassanien
    Clinical Oral Investigations.2023; 27(6): 2797.     CrossRef
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    Ankit Arora, Kavina Desai, Sonali Kapoor, Seema Gajera
    Australian Endodontic Journal.2023; 49(3): 684.     CrossRef
  • Potentials of 3D-Modeling in the Preclinical Stage of Root Needle Research
    Aleksandr V. Kuligin, Larisa N. Kazakova, Oksana S. Tereshchuk, Vadim V. Bokov
    I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald.2022; 30(1): 95.     CrossRef
  • Effect of root canal geometry and needle type on apical extrusion of irrigant: an ex vivo study
    Büşra SERÇE FİKİRLİ, Bülent ALTUNKAYNAK, Güven KAYAOĞLU
    Acta Odontologica Turcica.2022; 39(3): 58.     CrossRef
  • An in vitro radiological evaluation of irrigant penetration in the root canals using three different irrigation systems: Waterpik WP-100 device, passive irrigation, and manual dynamic irrigation systems
    Suragani Hemalatha, Archana Srinivasan, A Srirekha, Lekha Santhosh, C Champa, Ashwija Shetty
    Journal of Conservative Dentistry.2022; 25(4): 403.     CrossRef
  • Preparation Ability of ProTaper Next and XP-endo Shaper Instruments in Isthmus-containing Root Canal System
    Mustafa Sarıkahya, Tayfun Alaçam
    Conservative Dentistry and Endodontic Journal.2021; 5(2): 28.     CrossRef
  • Penetration depth of irrigants into root dentine after sonic, ultrasonic and photoacoustic activation
    K. M. Galler, V. Grubmüller, R. Schlichting, M. Widbiller, A. Eidt, C. Schuller, M. Wölflick, K.‐A. Hiller, W. Buchalla
    International Endodontic Journal.2019; 52(8): 1210.     CrossRef
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In vivo assessment of accuracy of Propex II, Root ZX II, and radiographic measurements for location of the major foramen
Fernanda Garcia Tampelini, Marcelo Santos Coelho, Marcos de Azevêdo Rios, Carlos Eduardo Fontana, Daniel Guimarães Pedro Rocha, Sergio Luiz Pinheiro, Carlos Eduardo da Silveira Bueno
Restor Dent Endod 2017;42(3):200-205.   Published online May 16, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2017.42.3.200
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

The aim of this in vivo study was to assess the accuracy of 2 third-generation electronic apex locators (EALs), Propex II (Dentsply Maillefer) and Root ZX II (J. Morita), and radiographic technique for locating the major foramen (MF).

Materials and Methods

Thirty-two premolars with single canals that required extraction were included. Following anesthesia, access, and initial canal preparation with size 10 and 15 K-flex files and SX and S1 rotary ProTaper files, the canals were irrigated with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite. The length of the root canal was verified 3 times for each tooth using the 2 apex locators and once using the radiographic technique. Teeth were extracted and the actual WL was determined using size 15 K-files under a × 25 magnification. The Biostat 4.0 program (AnalystSoft Inc.) was used for comparing the direct measurements with those obtained using radiographic technique and the apex locators. Pearson's correlation analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for statistical analyses.

Results

The measurements obtained using the visual method exhibited the strongest correlation with Root ZX II (r = 0.94), followed by Propex II (r = 0.90) and Ingle's technique (r = 0.81; p < 0.001). Descriptive statistics using ANOVA (Tukey's post hoc test) revealed significant differences between the radiographic measurements and both EALs measurements (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Both EALs presented similar accuracy that was higher than that of the radiographic measurements obtained with Ingle's technique. Our results suggest that the use of these EALs for MF location is more accurate than the use of radiographic measurements.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • How Do Different Image Modules Impact the Accuracy of Working Length Measurements in Digital Periapical Radiography? An In Vitro Study
    Vahide Hazal Abat, Rabia Figen Kaptan
    Diagnostics.2025; 15(3): 305.     CrossRef
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    Snigdha Shubham, Manisha Nepal, Ravish Mishra, Kishor Dutta
    BMC Oral Health.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 246 View
  • 2 Download
  • 2 Crossref
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Case Report
Retreatment of failed regenerative endodontic of orthodontically treated immature permanent maxillary central incisor: a case report
Musaed Fahad Al-Tammami, Saad A. Al-Nazhan
Restor Dent Endod 2017;42(1):65-71.   Published online October 28, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2017.42.1.65
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

A revascularization procedure was shown to be the best alternative therapy for immature teeth with necrotic pulp and apical infection. A 12 year old female with a history of trauma to her upper central incisor and a sinus tract was referred for endodontic treatment. She was an active orthodontic patient and had undergone regenerative endodontic treatment for the past 2 years. Clinical examination revealed no response to sensibility, percussion, and palpation tests. The preoperative radiograph showed an open apex and apical rarefaction. The case was diagnosed as previously treated tooth with asymptomatic apical periodontitis. Regenerative endodontic retreatment was performed, and the case was followed for 3 years. Clinical, radiographic, and cone-beam computed tomography follow-up examination revealed an asymptomatic tooth, with evidence of periapical healing and root maturation.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Revascularization of Non-Vital, Immature, Permanent Teeth with Two Bioceramic Cements: A Randomized Controlled Trial
    Alaa Shaker, Mohamed Salem Rekab, Mohammad Alharissy, Naji Kharouf
    Ceramics.2024; 7(1): 86.     CrossRef
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    Danning Zhao, Kun Xue, Jiayuan Meng, Meijing Hu, Fei Bi, Xuelian Tan
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    Renato Lenzi, Sandra R Hernández, Flávio R F Alves, Isabela N Ro[Combining Circumflex Accent]c[COMBINING CEDILLA]as, Jose[Combining Acute Accent] F Siqueira
    Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry.2022; 12(4): 468.     CrossRef
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    Enes Mustafa AŞAR, Murat Selim BOTSALI
    Selcuk Dental Journal.2022; 9(1): 335.     CrossRef
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    Hadi Rajeh Alfahadi, Saad Al-Nazhan, Fawaz Hamad Alkazman, Nassr Al-Maflehi, Nada Al-Nazhan
    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Sara Garrido-Parada, Pablo Castelo-Baz, Nancy Feijoo-Pato, José Gaviño-Orduña, Benjamín Martín-Biedma
    Applied Sciences.2022; 12(9): 4212.     CrossRef
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    Anna M. Krupińska, Katarzyna Skośkiewicz-Malinowska, Tomasz Staniowski
    Applied Sciences.2021; 11(4): 1699.     CrossRef
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    Mohammed S. Alenazy, Saad Al-Nazhan, Hezekiah A Mosadomi
    Current Therapeutic Research.2021; 94: 100620.     CrossRef
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    Ali Nosrat, Behnam Bolhari, Shima Saber Tahan, Omid Dianat, Paul Michael Howell Dummer
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    V. Nagendrababu, B. S. Chong, P. McCabe, P. K. Shah, E. Priya, J. Jayaraman, S. J. Pulikkotil, P. M. H. Dummer
    International Endodontic Journal.2020; 53(7): 922.     CrossRef
  • Regenerative Endodontics: A Systematic Analysis of the Failed Cases
    Waleed Almutairi, Ghaeth H. Yassen, Anita Aminoshariae, Kristin A. Williams, Andre Mickel
    Journal of Endodontics.2019; 45(5): 567.     CrossRef
  • Alternative to Avoid Tooth Discoloration after Regenerative Endodontic Procedure: A Systematic Review
    Luciane Geanini Pena dos Santos, Luiz Alexandre Chisini, Camila Guerner Springmann, Beatriz Dulcineia Mendes de Souza, Fernanda Geraldo Pappen, Flávio Fernando Demarco, Mara Cristina Santos Felippe, Wilson Tadeu Felippe
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Research Articles
Proximity of the mandibular molar root apex from the buccal bone surface: a cone-beam computed tomographic study
Dokyung Kim, Jung-Hong Ha, Myoung-Uk Jin, Young-Kyung Kim, Sung Kyo Kim
Restor Dent Endod 2016;41(3):182-188.   Published online July 14, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2016.41.3.182
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the proximity of the mandibular molar apex to the buccal bone surface in order to provide anatomic information for apical surgery.

Materials and Methods

Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 127 mandibular first molars and 153 mandibular second molars were analyzed from 160 patients' records. The distance was measured from the buccal bone surface to the root apex and the apical 3.0 mm on the cross-sectional view of CBCT.

Results

The second molar apex and apical 3 mm were located significantly deeper relative to the buccal bone surface compared with the first molar (p < 0.01). For the mandibular second molars, the distance from the buccal bone surface to the root apex was significantly shorter in patients over 70 years of age (p < 0.05). Furthermore, this distance was significantly shorter when the first molar was missing compared to nonmissing cases (p < 0.05). For the mandibular first molars, the distance to the distal root apex of one distal-rooted tooth was significantly greater than the distance to the disto-buccal root apex (p < 0.01). In mandibular second molar, the distance to the apex of C-shaped roots was significantly greater than the distance to the mesial root apex of non-C-shaped roots (p < 0.01).

Conclusions

For apical surgery in mandibular molars, the distance from the buccal bone surface to the apex and apical 3 mm is significantly affected by the location, patient age, an adjacent missing anterior tooth, and root configuration.

Citations

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  • Expert consensus on intentional tooth replantation
    Zhengmei Lin, Dingming Huang, Shuheng Huang, Zhi Chen, Qing Yu, Benxiang Hou, Lihong Qiu, Wenxia Chen, Jiyao Li, Xiaoyan Wang, Zhengwei Huang, Jinhua Yu, Jin Zhao, Yihuai Pan, Shuang Pan, Deqin Yang, Weidong Niu, Qi Zhang, Shuli Deng, Jingzhi Ma, Xiuping
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    Faizan Javed, Kamil Zafar, Farhan R. Khan
    Australian Endodontic Journal.2023; 49(S1): 494.     CrossRef
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    Han Shin Lee, Dokyung Kim, Sung Kyo Kim
    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Marziyeh Shafizadeh, Azita Tehranchi, Armin Shirvani, Saeed Reza Motamedian
    International Orthodontics.2021; 19(3): 389.     CrossRef
  • Relationship between the anatomic structures and mandibular posterior teeth for endodontic surgery in a Turkish population: a cone-beam computed tomographic analysis
    Zeliha Uğur Aydın, Duygu Göller Bulut
    Clinical Oral Investigations.2019; 23(9): 3637.     CrossRef
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An in vitro evaluation of the accuracy of four electronic apex locators using stainless-steel and nickel-titanium hand files
Paras Mull Gehlot, Vinutha Manjunath, Mysore Krishnaswamy Manjunath
Restor Dent Endod 2016;41(1):6-11.   Published online January 4, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2016.41.1.6
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the accuracy of working length (WL) determination of four electronic apex locators (EALs), namely, Root ZX (RZX), Elements diagnostic unit and apex locator (ELE), SybronEndo Mini Apex locator (MINI) and Propex pixi (PIXI) using Stainless steel (SS) and nickel-titanium (NiTi) hand files. The null hypothesis was that there was no difference between canal length determination by SS and NiTi files of 4 EALs.

Materials and Methods

Sixty extracted, single rooted human teeth were decoronated and the canal orifice flared. The actual length (AL) was assessed visually, and the teeth were embedded in an alginate model. The electronic length (EL) measurements were recorded with all four EALs using SS and NiTi files at '0.5' reading on display. The differences between the AL and EL were compared.

Results

The results obtained with each EAL with SS and NiTi files were compared with AL. A paired sample t test showed that there was a statistical significant difference between EAL readings with SS and NiTi files for RZX and MINI (p < 0.05). The accuracy of RZX, ELE, MINI and PIXI within ± 0.5 mm of AL with SS/NiTi files were 93.3%/70%, 90%/91.7%, 95%/68.3%, and 83.3%/83.3%, respectively.

Conclusions

The results of this study indicate that Root ZX was statistically more accurate with NiTi files compared to SS files, while MINI was statistically more accurate with SS files compared to NiTi files. ELE and PIXI were not affected by the alloy type of the file used to determine WL.

Citations

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    Kang‐Young Heo, Ho‐Keel Hwang, Hyoung‐Hoon Jo
    Australian Endodontic Journal.2023; 49(1): 111.     CrossRef
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    Syed Manzoor Ul Haq Bukhari, Rahil Bhat, Sheeeban Rashid
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    Gustavo De-Deus, Viviany Cozer, Erick Miranda Souza, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva, Felipe Gonçalves Belladonna, Marco Simões-Carvalho, Marco Aurélio Versiani
    Journal of Endodontics.2023; 49(5): 487.     CrossRef
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    HermanoCamelo Paiva, Eduardo Akisue, GeorgeTáccio de Miranda Candeiro, Iandarade Lima Scardini, CelsoLuiz Caldeira, Giulio Gavini
    Journal of Conservative Dentistry.2022; 25(6): 596.     CrossRef
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    Raquel C. F. D. Bernardo, Louise S. Alves, Adilia M. V. Bruno, Thais M. C. Coutinho, Heloisa Gusman
    Australian Endodontic Journal.2021; 47(2): 217.     CrossRef
  • LİTERATÜRDE IN VITRO ELEKTRONİK APEKS BULUCU ÇALIŞMALARINDA KULLANILAN ORTAM ÇEŞİTLERİ: BİR DERLEME
    Hamza CUDAL, Tuğrul ASLAN, Yakup ÜSTÜN
    Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi.2021; : 454.     CrossRef
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    Ozgur Genc Sen, Ali Erdemir, Burhan Can Canakci
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    Bernardo Almeida Aguiar, Rafael Santos Reinaldo, Luciana Maria Arcanjo Frota, Mônica Sampaio do Vale, Bruno Carvalho de Vasconcelos
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    Tiago Nepomuceno Oliveira, Nilton Vivacqua-Gomes, Ricardo Affonso Bernardes, Rodrigo Ricci Vivan, Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte, Bruno Carvalho Vasconcelos
    Journal of Endodontics.2017; 43(10): 1663.     CrossRef
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Case Report
Treatment of non-vital immature teeth with amoxicillin-containing triple antibiotic paste resulting in apexification
Hyon-Beom Park, Bin-Na Lee, Yun-Chan Hwang, In-Nam Hwang, Won-Mann Oh, Hoon-Sang Chang
Restor Dent Endod 2015;40(4):322-327.   Published online August 28, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2015.40.4.322
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

A recent treatment option for non-vital immature teeth in young patients is revascularization with triple antibiotic paste (TAP). However, tooth discoloration was reported with the use of conventional minocycline-containing TAP. In this case report, amoxicillin-containing TAP was used for revascularization of non-vital immature teeth to prevent tooth discoloration. At the 1 yr follow up, the teeth were asymptomatic on clinical examination and showed slight discoloration of the crown due to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) filling rather than amoxicillin-containing TAP. Radiographic examination revealed complete resolution of the periapical radiolucency, and closed apex with obvious periodontal ligament space. However, the root growth was limited, and the treatment outcome was more like apexification rather than revascularization. These results may be due to unstable blood clot formation which could not resist the condensation force of MTA filling, whether or not a collagen matrix was in place. These cases showed that although revascularization was not successful, apexification could be expected, resulting in the resolution of the periapical radiolucency and the closure of the apex. Therefore, it is worthwhile attempting revascularization of non-vital immature teeth in young patients.

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    Khoa Van Pham, Thu Anh Tran
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    Ankit Rawat, Jyoti Nagpal, Shreeya Mehta, Divya Vyas, Abhishek Kumar, Fathima Amal
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    Ravi Gupta, Radhika Kewalramani, Dishant Patel
    Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology.2021; : 1979.     CrossRef
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    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Ardavan Parhizkar, Hanieh Nojehdehian, Saeed Asgary
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    Luciane Geanini Pena dos Santos, Luiz Alexandre Chisini, Camila Guerner Springmann, Beatriz Dulcineia Mendes de Souza, Fernanda Geraldo Pappen, Flávio Fernando Demarco, Mara Cristina Santos Felippe, Wilson Tadeu Felippe
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    Mahmoud Torabinejad, Ali Nosrat, Prashant Verma, Oyoyo Udochukwu
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Review Article
A review of the regenerative endodontic treatment procedure
Bin-Na Lee, Jong-Wook Moon, Hoon-Sang Chang, In-Nam Hwang, Won-Mann Oh, Yun-Chan Hwang
Restor Dent Endod 2015;40(3):179-187.   Published online March 16, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2015.40.3.179
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

Traditionally, apexification has been used to treat immature permanent teeth that have lost pulp vitality. This technique promotes the formation of an apical barrier to close the open apex so that the filling materials can be confined to the root canal. Because tissue regeneration cannot be achieved with apexification, a new technique called regenerative endodontic treatment was presented recently to treat immature permanent teeth. Regenerative endodontic treatment is a treatment procedure designed to replace damaged pulp tissue with viable tissue which restores the normal function of the pulp-dentin structure. After regenerative endodontic treatment, continued root development and hard tissue deposition on the dentinal wall can occur under ideal circumstances. However, it is difficult to predict the result of regenerative endodontic treatment. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to summarize multiple factors effects on the result of regenerative endodontic treatment in order to achieve more predictable results. In this study, we investigated the features of regenerative endodontic treatment in comparison with those of other pulp treatment procedures and analyzed the factors that have an effect on regenerative endodontic treatment.

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    Ema Mulyawati, Pribadi Santosa, Tunjung Nugraheni
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    M.S. Rakhmanova, M.V. Korolenkova
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    Azade Rafiee, Mahtab Memarpour, Yasaman Najibi, Bahman Khalvati, Sedigheh Kianpour, Mohammad Hossein Morowvat, Sung-Hwan Choi
    BioMed Research International.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Xueying Zhuang, Lingli Ji, Huan Jiang, Yao Liu, Xuemei Liu, Jing Bi, Weidong Zhao, Zhenjiang Ding, Xu Chen
    Stem Cells International.2020; 2020: 1.     CrossRef
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    Håvard Jostein Haugen, Poulami Basu, Mousumi Sukul, João F Mano, Janne Elin Reseland
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2020; 21(10): 3442.     CrossRef
  • Viability and Stimulation of Human Stem Cells from the Apical Papilla (hSCAPs) Induced by Silicate-Based Materials for Their Potential Use in Regenerative Endodontics: A Systematic Review
    José Luis Sanz, Leopoldo Forner, Alicia Almudéver, Julia Guerrero-Gironés, Carmen Llena
    Materials.2020; 13(4): 974.     CrossRef
  • An Innovative Drug Delivery System Loaded with a Modified Combination of Triple Antibiotics for Use in Endodontic Applications
    Ardavan Parhizkar, Hanieh Nojehdehian, Fahimeh Tabatabaei, Saeed Asgary
    International Journal of Dentistry.2020; 2020: 1.     CrossRef
  • Defining Endodontic Residents' Clinical Experiences: A National Survey
    Jonathan D. Blacher, Kamran E. Safavi, Robert H. Aseltine, Blythe M. Kaufman
    Journal of Dental Education.2019; 83(5): 504.     CrossRef
  • Coronal tooth discoloration induced by regenerative endodontic treatment using different scaffolds and intracanal coronal barriers: a 6-month ex vivo study
    Noushin Shokouhinejad, Hassan Razmi, Maryam Farbod, Marzieh Alikhasi, Josette Camilleri
    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Comparative Study between Revitalization of Necrotic Immature Permanent Anterior Teeth with and without Platelet Rich Fibrin: A Randomized Controlled Trial
    Rasha Adel Ragab, Amr Ezzat Abd El Lattif, Norhan Abd El Wahab El Dokky
    Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry.2019; 43(2): 78.     CrossRef
  • Biomaterials and Scaffold Design Strategies for Regenerative Endodontic Therapy
    Gavin Raddall, Isabel Mello, Brendan M. Leung
    Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Iloprost Induces Dental Pulp Angiogenesis in a Growth Factor–free 3-Dimensional Organ Culture System
    Sonntana Seang, Prasit Pavasant, Chalida N. Limjeerajarus
    Journal of Endodontics.2018; 44(5): 759.     CrossRef
  • Ratio and Rate of Induced Root Growth in Necrotic Immature Teeth
    Eun Jung Sang, Ji-Soo Song, Teo Jeon Shin, Young-Jae Kim, Jung-Wook Kim, Ki-Taeg Jang, Sang-Hoon Lee, Hong-Keun Hyun
    THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN ACADEMY OF PEDTATRIC DENTISTRY.2018; 45(2): 225.     CrossRef
  • Triple antibiotic paste: momentous roles and applications in endodontics: a review
    Ardavan Parhizkar, Hanieh Nojehdehian, Saeed Asgary
    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Traumatic avulsion and delayed replantation of maxillary incisors in an eleven-year-old child
    Gokcen Deniz Bayrak
    Edorium Journal of Dentistry.2018; 5(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • Influence of Apical Diameter on the Outcome of Regenerative Endodontic Treatment in Teeth with Pulp Necrosis: A Review
    Yanjun Fang, Xinhuan Wang, Jingjing Zhu, Chaonan Su, Ying Yang, Liuyan Meng
    Journal of Endodontics.2018; 44(3): 414.     CrossRef
  • Assessment of Regaining Pulp Sensibility in Mature Necrotic Teeth Using a Modified Revascularization Technique with Platelet-rich Fibrin: A Clinical Study
    Mohamed Nageh, Geraldine M. Ahmed, Alaa A. El-Baz
    Journal of Endodontics.2018; 44(10): 1526.     CrossRef
  • Local drug delivery in endodontics: A literature review
    Shin Hye Chung, Young-Seok Park
    Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology.2017; 39: 334.     CrossRef
  • Regenerative Endodontics
    Kristina Feigin, Bonnie Shope
    Journal of Veterinary Dentistry.2017; 34(3): 161.     CrossRef
  • Intentional Replantation of an Avulsed Immature Permanent Incisor: A Case Report
    Claudio Maniglia-Ferreira, Fabio de Almeida Gomes, Marcelo de Morais Vitoriano
    Journal of Endodontics.2017; 43(8): 1383.     CrossRef
  • Effect of acidic solutions on the microhardness of dentin and set OrthoMTA and their cytotoxicity on murine macrophage
    Soram Oh, Hiran Perinpanayagam, Yoon Lee, Jae-Won Kum, Yeon-Jee Yoo, Sang-Min Lim, Seok Woo Chang, Won-Jun Shon, Woocheol Lee, Seung-Ho Baek, Kee-Yeon Kum
    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2016; 41(1): 12.     CrossRef
  • Questioning the spot light on Hi-tech endodontics
    Jojo Kottoor, Denzil Albuquerque
    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2016; 41(1): 80.     CrossRef
  • Effects of a Bioactive Scaffold Containing a Sustained Transforming Growth Factor-β1–releasing Nanoparticle System on the Migration and Differentiation of Stem Cells from the Apical Papilla
    Craig Bellamy, Suja Shrestha, Calvin Torneck, Anil Kishen
    Journal of Endodontics.2016; 42(9): 1385.     CrossRef
  • Effects of Novel 3-dimensional Antibiotic-containing Electrospun Scaffolds on Dentin Discoloration
    Margaret Louise A. Porter, Eliseu A. Münchow, Maria T.P. Albuquerque, Kenneth J. Spolnik, Anderson T. Hara, Marco C. Bottino
    Journal of Endodontics.2016; 42(1): 106.     CrossRef
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Research Articles
Evaluation of electrical impedance ratio measurements in accuracy of electronic apex locators
Pil-Jong Kim, Hong-Gee Kim, Byeong-Hoon Cho
Restor Dent Endod 2015;40(2):113-122.   Published online December 26, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2015.40.2.113
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

The aim of this paper was evaluating the ratios of electrical impedance measurements reported in previous studies through a correlation analysis in order to explicit it as the contributing factor to the accuracy of electronic apex locator (EAL).

Materials and Methods

The literature regarding electrical property measurements of EALs was screened using Medline and Embase. All data acquired were plotted to identify correlations between impedance and log-scaled frequency. The accuracy of the impedance ratio method used to detect the apical constriction (APC) in most EALs was evaluated using linear ramp function fitting. Changes of impedance ratios for various frequencies were evaluated for a variety of file positions.

Results

Among the ten papers selected in the search process, the first-order equations between log-scaled frequency and impedance were in the negative direction. When the model for the ratios was assumed to be a linear ramp function, the ratio values decreased if the file went deeper and the average ratio values of the left and right horizontal zones were significantly different in 8 out of 9 studies. The APC was located within the interval of linear relation between the left and right horizontal zones of the linear ramp model.

Conclusions

Using the ratio method, the APC was located within a linear interval. Therefore, using the impedance ratio between electrical impedance measurements at different frequencies was a robust method for detection of the APC.

Citations

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  • Artificial intelligence techniques for ground fault line selection in power systems: State-of-the-art and research challenges
    Fuhua Wang, Zongdong Zhang, Kai Wu, Dongxiang Jian, Qiang Chen, Chao Zhang, Yanling Dong, Xiaotong He, Lin Dong
    Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering.2023; 20(8): 14518.     CrossRef
  • Anin vitroevaluation of the accuracy of four electronic apex locators using stainless-steel and nickel-titanium hand files
    Paras Mull Gehlot, Vinutha Manjunath, Mysore Krishnaswamy Manjunath
    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2016; 41(1): 6.     CrossRef
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  • 5 Download
  • 2 Crossref
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Calcium hydroxide dressing residues after different removal techniques affect the accuracy of Root-ZX apex locator
Emel Uzunoglu, Ayhan Eymirli, Mehmet Özgür Uyanik, Semra Çalt, Emre Nagas
Restor Dent Endod 2015;40(1):44-49.   Published online November 5, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2015.40.1.44
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

This study compared the ability of several techniques to remove calcium hydroxide (CH) from the root canal and determined the influence of CH residues on the accuracy of the electronic apex locator.

Materials and Methods

Root canals of 90 human maxillary lateral incisors with confirmed true working length (TWL) were prepared and filled with CH. The teeth were randomly assigned to one of the experimental groups according to the CH removal technique (n = 14): 0.9% saline; 0.9% saline + master apical file (MAF); 17% ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA); 17% EDTA + MAF; 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); 5.25% NaOCl + MAF. Six teeth were used as negative control. After CH removal, the electronic working length was measured using Root-ZX (Morita Corp.) and compared with TWL to evaluate Root-ZX accuracy. All specimens were sectioned longitudinally, and the area of remaining CH (CH) and total canal area were measured using imaging software.

Results

The EDTA + MAF and NaOCl + MAF groups showed better CH removal than other groups (p < 0.05). Root-ZX reliability to prevent overestimated working length to be > 85% within a tolerance of ± 1.0 mm (p < 0.05). There was strong negative correlation between amount of CH residues and EAL accuracy (r = -0.800 for ± 0.5 mm; r = -0.940 for ± 1.0 mm).

Conclusions

The mechanical instrumentation improves the CH removal of irrigation solutions although none of the techniques removed the dressing completely. Residues of CH medication in root canals affected the accuracy of Root-ZX adversely.

Citations

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  • Evaluation of the Effect of Calcium Hydroxide Residues Including Different Vehicles on the Accuracy of Electronic Apex Locators
    Simay Koç, Damla Erkal, Dide Tekinarslan, Kürs¸at Er
    Journal of Advanced Oral Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Comparative evaluation of the accuracy of electronic apex locators and cone-beam computed tomography in detection of root canal perforation and working length during endodontic retreatment
    Simay Koç, Hatice Harorlı, Alper Kuştarcı
    BMC Oral Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effects of Intracanal Medicaments on the Measurement Accuracy of Four Apex Locators: An In Vitro Study
    Hamza Cudal, Tuğrul Aslan, Bertan Kesim
    Meandros Medical and Dental Journal.2023; 24(3): 215.     CrossRef
  • Electronic Apex Locators and their Implications in Contemporary Clinical Practice: A Review
    Zainab Shirazi, Anas Al-Jadaa, Abdul Rahman Saleh
    The Open Dentistry Journal.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Influence of Apical Patency, Coronal Preflaring and Calcium Hydroxide on the Accuracy of Root ZX Apex Locator for Working Length Determination: An In Vitro Study
    Mostafa Godiny, Reza Hatam, Roya Safari-Faramani, Atefeh Khavid, Mohammad Reza Rezaei
    Journal of Advanced Oral Research.2022; 13(1): 38.     CrossRef
  • Endodontic cement penetration after removal of calcium hydroxide dressing using XP-endo finisher
    Alyssa Sales dos Santos, Maria Aparecida Barbosa de Sá, Marco Antônio Húngaro Duarte, Martinho Campolina Rebello Horta, Frank Ferreira Silveira, Eduardo Nunes
    Brazilian Oral Research.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Efficacy of glycolic acid for the removal of calcium hydroxide from simulated internal Resorption cavities
    Cangül Keskin, Ali Keleş, Öznur Sarıyılmaz
    Clinical Oral Investigations.2021; 25(7): 4407.     CrossRef
  • Accuracy of electronic apex locator in the presence of different irrigating solutions
    Padmanabh Jha, Vineeta Nikhil, Shalya Raj, Rohit Ravinder, Preeti Mishra
    Endodontology.2021; 33(4): 232.     CrossRef
  • Farklı Kanal İçi Ortamların Apeks Bulucuların Doğruluğu Üzerine Etkisi
    Asena OKUR, Tuğrul ASLAN, Burak SAĞSEN
    Selcuk Dental Journal.2021; 8(3): 859.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of the accuracy of different apex locators in determiningthe working length during root canal retreatment
    Pelin Tufenkci, Aylin Kalaycı
    Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects.2020; 14(2): 125.     CrossRef
  • Influence of calcium hydroxide residues after using different irrigants on the accuracy of two electronic apex locators: An in vitro study
    NooshinSadat Shojaee, Zahra Zaeri, MohammadMehdi Shokouhi, Fereshteh Sobhnamayan, Alireza Adl
    Dental Research Journal.2020; 17(1): 48.     CrossRef
  • The Effect of Calcium Hydroxide and File Sızes on the Accuracy of the Electronic Apex Locator in Simulated Immature Teeth
    Leyla AYRANCİ, Ahmet ÇETİNKAYA, Serkan ÖZKAN
    Middle Black Sea Journal of Health Science.2019; 5(3): 273.     CrossRef
  • The Effect of File Size and Type and Irrigation Solutions on the Accuracy of Electronic Apex Locators: AnIn VitroStudy on Canine Teeth
    Maciej Janeczek, Piotr Kosior, Dagmara Piesiak-Pańczyszyn, Krzysztof Dudek, Aleksander Chrószcz, Agnieszka Czajczyńska-Waszkiewicz, Małgorzata Kowalczyk-Zając, Aleksandra Gabren-Syller, Karol Kirstein, Aleksandra Skalec, Ewelina Bryła, Maciej Dobrzyński
    BioMed Research International.2016; 2016: 1.     CrossRef
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Case Reports
Biodentine-a novel dentinal substitute for single visit apexification
Gurudutt Nayak, Mohammad Faiz Hasan
Restor Dent Endod 2014;39(2):120-125.   Published online March 21, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2014.39.2.120
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

Use of an apical plug in management of cases with open apices has gained popularity in recent years. Biodentine, a new calcium silicate-based material has recently been introduced as a dentine substitute, whenever original dentine is damaged. This case report describes single visit apexification in a maxillary central incisor with necrotic pulp and open apex using Biodentine as an apical barrier, and a synthetic collagen material as an internal matrix. Following canal cleaning and shaping, calcium hydroxide was placed as an intracanal medicament for 1 mon. This was followed by placement of small piece of absorbable collagen membrane beyond the root apex to serve as matrix. An apical plug of Biodentine of 5 mm thickness was placed against the matrix using pre-fitted hand pluggers. The remainder of canal was back-filled with thermoplasticized gutta-percha and access cavity was restored with composite resin followed by all-ceramic crown. One year follow-up revealed restored aesthetics and function, absence of clinical signs and symptoms, resolution of periapical rarefaction, and a thin layer of calcific tissue formed apical to the Biodentine barrier. The positive clinical outcome in this case is encouraging for the use of Biodentine as an apical plug in single visit apexification procedures.

Citations

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  • Comparative evaluation of sealing potential of mineral trioxide aggregate, biodentine, and bio-C repair in furcation perforations: A glucose penetration study
    Ashwija Shetty, Hajira Anjum Sultana, A. Srirekha, C. Champa, Suditi Pal, V. Sahithi
    Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.2025; 28(2): 144.     CrossRef
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    K. S Rajesh, Riza Farooq, F Abdul Rajak, Pradeep Kumar
    Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.2024; 27(11): 1193.     CrossRef
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    Raya Al-Rayesse, Ossama Al-Jabban, Ammar Eid, Alaa Kabtoleh, Frédéric Addiego, Davide Mancino, Youssef Haikel, Naji Kharouf
    Bioengineering.2024; 11(3): 213.     CrossRef
  • Fracture Susceptibility in Non-Vital Apex Teeth Following Various Modified Apexification Procedure – An In Vitro Study
    NJ Nagaraj, Peyush Pratap Singh Sikarwar, Debkant Jena, Rini Gangwal, Ipsita Mohanty, Adnan Haider Rizvi
    Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences.2024; 16(Suppl 4): S3966.     CrossRef
  • A Prospective Randomised Clinical Trial Evaluating Pulpotomy in Primary Molars With Three Bioceramic Calcium Silicate Cements: 24 Month Follow‐Up
    Abhinav L. Talekar, Prasad K. Musale, Gayatri S. Chaudhari, Tayaba M. H. Silotry, William F. Waggoner
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    Xu Dong, Xin Xu
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    Minna Chun, Tory Silvestrin, Roberto Savignano, Gina Delia Roque-Torres
    Journal of Endodontics.2023; 49(5): 575.     CrossRef
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    A.Najah Saud, Erkan Koç , Olcay Özdemir
    European Journal of Therapeutics.2023; 29(4): 930.     CrossRef
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    Pramod Mohite, Ankita Dadarao Ramteke, Ruchika Gupta, Suvarna Patil, Divya Gupta
    Annals of African Medicine.2022; 21(3): 198.     CrossRef
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    Shaik Afreen Kamal, Roopadevi Garlapati, Nagesh Bolla, Sayesh Vemuri, Bandaru Pydiahnaidu, Yandra Lakshmi Suvarna
    Endodontology.2022; 34(1): 45.     CrossRef
  • “BIODENTINE” THE DENTINE IN A CAPSULE AS AN APICAL BARRIER IN TRAUMATIZED MAXILLARY CENTRAL INCISOR WITH TWO YEARS FOLLOW UP.
    Savita Thakur, Udai Bhanu, Gurkirat Singh Grewal
    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH.2022; : 64.     CrossRef
  • Comparative Efficacy of Bioceramics Apexification in Periradicular Healing and Root-end Calcific Tissue Repair in Immature Traumatized Permanent Anterior Teeth
    Shalini Garg, Sumit Singla, Satyavan Gangaram Damle, Abhishek Dhindsa, Ashish Loomba, Pragati Poddar
    World Journal of Dentistry.2022; 13(S2): S194.     CrossRef
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    Gyanendra Pratap Singh, Shruthi H Attavar, Sivaji Kavuri
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    Okba Mahmoud, Nashwan Abdullah Al-Afifi, Mohideen Salihu Farook, Maysara Adnan Ibrahim, Saaid Al Shehadat, Mohammed Amjed Alsaegh, Sandrine Bittencourt Berger
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    Yasser Alsayed Tolibah, Line Droubi, Saleh Alkurdi, Mohammad Tamer Abbara, Nada Bshara, Thuraya Lazkani, Chaza Kouchaji, Ibrahim Ali Ahmad, Ziad D. Baghdadi
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    Amr Elnaghy, Shaymaa Elsaka
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    Kamolthip Songtrakul, Talayeh Azarpajouh, Matthew Malek, Asgeir Sigurdsson, Bill Kahler, Louis M. Lin
    Journal of Endodontics.2020; 46(1): 116.     CrossRef
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    Hamid Kermanshah, Reza Saeedi, Elham Ahmadi, Ladan Ranjbar Omrani
    Biomaterial Investigations in Dentistry.2020; 7(1): 120.     CrossRef
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    Fatih TULUMBACI, Volkan ARIKAN, Aylin AKBAY OBA, İşıl SÖNMEZ ŞAROĞLU
    Selcuk Dental Journal.2019; 6(3): 247.     CrossRef
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    M. Torabinejad, M. Parirokh, P. M. H. Dummer
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    Imad About
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    Josette Camilleri
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    Shruti Goel, Ruchika Roongta Nawal, Sangeeta Talwar
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    Imad About
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    Karla Vidal, Gabriela Martin, Oscar Lozano, Marco Salas, Jaime Trigueros, Gabriel Aguilar
    Journal of Endodontics.2016; 42(5): 730.     CrossRef
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    Frangis Nikfarjam, Kim Beyer, Anke König, Matthias Hofmann, Manuel Butting, Eva Valesky, Stefan Kippenberger, Roland Kaufmann, Detlef Heidemann, August Bernd, Nadja Nicole Zöller, Dimitrios Karamichos
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Apexogenesis and revascularization treatment procedures for two traumatized immature permanent maxillary incisors: a case report
Maryam Forghani, Iman Parisay, Amir Maghsoudlou
Restor Dent Endod 2013;38(3):178-181.   Published online August 23, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2013.38.3.178
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

Traumatic injuries to an immature permanent tooth may result in cessation of dentin deposition and root maturation. Endodontic treatment is often complicated in premature tooth with an uncertain prognosis. This article describes successful treatment of two traumatized maxillary central incisors with complicated crown fracture three months after trauma. The radiographic examination showed immature roots in maxillary central incisors of a 9-year-old boy with a radiolucent lesion adjacent to the right central incisor. Apexogenesis was performed for the left central incisor and revascularization treatment was considered for the right one. In 18-month clinical and radiographic follow-up both teeth were asymptomatic, roots continued to develop, and periapical radiolucency of the right central incisor healed. Considering the root development of these contralateral teeth it can be concluded that revascularization is an appropriate treatment method in immature necrotic teeth.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Apexogenesis: A Systematic Review
    Basmah M. Ageel, Omar A. El Meligy, Sarah M. A. Quqandi
    Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences.2023; 15(Suppl 1): S11.     CrossRef
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    Hua-Nien Lee, Cheng Liang, Li Liao, Wei-Dong Tian
    Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine.2021; 18(6): 931.     CrossRef
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    Anna M. Krupińska, Katarzyna Skośkiewicz-Malinowska, Tomasz Staniowski
    Applied Sciences.2021; 11(4): 1699.     CrossRef
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    Gihan Mohamed Abuelniel, Monty Singh Duggal, Nihal Kabel
    Dental Traumatology.2020; 36(4): 400.     CrossRef
  • Bone, Periodontal and Dental Pulp Regeneration in Dentistry: A Systematic Scoping Review
    Luiz Alexandre Chisini, Marcus Cristian Muniz Conde, Guillermo Grazioli, Alissa Schmidt San Martin, Rodrigo Varella de Carvalho, Letícia Regina Morello Sartori, Flávio Fernando Demarco
    Brazilian Dental Journal.2019; 30(2): 77.     CrossRef
  • Regenerative in endodontics: how, when and where
    AL Ahmar Rima, Bassam Sanaa, Salloum Sarah, El Husseini Hassan, AL Ahmar Rima
    Journal of Dental Health, Oral Disorders & Therapy.2018; 9(6): 531.     CrossRef
  • Influence of Apical Diameter on the Outcome of Regenerative Endodontic Treatment in Teeth with Pulp Necrosis: A Review
    Yanjun Fang, Xinhuan Wang, Jingjing Zhu, Chaonan Su, Ying Yang, Liuyan Meng
    Journal of Endodontics.2018; 44(3): 414.     CrossRef
  • Alternative to Avoid Tooth Discoloration after Regenerative Endodontic Procedure: A Systematic Review
    Luciane Geanini Pena dos Santos, Luiz Alexandre Chisini, Camila Guerner Springmann, Beatriz Dulcineia Mendes de Souza, Fernanda Geraldo Pappen, Flávio Fernando Demarco, Mara Cristina Santos Felippe, Wilson Tadeu Felippe
    Brazilian Dental Journal.2018; 29(5): 409.     CrossRef
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    Musaed Fahad Al-Tammami, Saad A. Al-Nazhan
    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2017; 42(1): 65.     CrossRef
  • Pulp Revascularization: A Literature Review
    Pollyana Rodrigues de Souza Araújo, Luciano Barreto Silva, Alexandrino Pereira dos Santos Neto, José Alcides Almeida de Arruda, Pâmella Recco Álvares, Ana Paula Veras Sobral, Severino Alves Júnior, Jair Carneiro Leão, Rodivan Braz da Silva, Gerhilde Callo
    The Open Dentistry Journal.2017; 10(1): 48.     CrossRef
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    Elif Sungurtekin Ekçi
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    M. C. M. Conde, L. A. Chisini, R. Sarkis‐Onofre, H. S. Schuch, J. E. Nör, F. F. Demarco
    International Endodontic Journal.2017; 50(9): 860.     CrossRef
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    Chufang Peng, Yuming Zhao, Wenjun Wang, Yuan Yang, Man Qin, Lihong Ge
    Journal of Endodontics.2017; 43(6): 905.     CrossRef
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    Mahmoud Torabinejad, Ali Nosrat, Prashant Verma, Oyoyo Udochukwu
    Journal of Endodontics.2017; 43(11): 1806.     CrossRef
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    Bill Kahler, Giampiero Rossi-Fedele
    Journal of Endodontics.2016; 42(4): 563.     CrossRef
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    Evangelos G. Kontakiotis, Christos G. Filippatos, Giorgos N. Tzanetakis, Anastasia Agrafioti
    Journal of Endodontics.2015; 41(2): 146.     CrossRef
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    Yu‐Po Chen, Maria del Mar Jovani‐Sancho, Chirag C. Sheth
    Dental Traumatology.2015; 31(6): 429.     CrossRef
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  • Mineral trioxide aggregate upregulates odonto/osteogenic capacity of bone marrow stromal cells from craniofacial bones via JNK and ERK MAPK signalling pathways
    Y. Wang, J. Li, W. Song, J. Yu
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    Günseli Güven Polat, Ceren Yıldırım, Özlem Martı Akgün, Ceyhan Altun, Didem Dinçer, Cansel Köse Özkan
    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2014; 39(3): 230.     CrossRef
  • Levels of Evidence for the Outcome of Regenerative Endodontic Therapy
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  • Adult stem cell-based apexogenesis
    Yao Li
    World Journal of Methodology.2014; 4(2): 99.     CrossRef
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Research Article
An evaluation of the accuracy of Root ZX according to the conditions of major apical foramen
Shin-Young Park, Dong-Kyun Lee, Ho-Keel Hwang
Restor Dent Endod 2012;37(2):68-73.   Published online May 18, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2012.37.2.68
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of Root ZX (J. Morita Corp.) according to the location of major foramen and open apex.

Materials and Methods

81 mandibular premolars with mature apices were selected. After access preparation, 27 teeth were instrumented to simulate open apices. 54 teeth were classified according to location of major foramen under surgical microscope (×16). The file was fixed at the location of apical constriction by Root ZX using glass ionomer cement. The apical 4 mm of the apex was exposed and photo was taken and the distance from file tip to the major foramen was measured by calibrating metal ruler on graph paper. The results were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Scheffe test at p < 0.05 level.

Results

Mean distance from file tip to major foramen was 0.308 mm in Tip foramen group (I), 0.519 mm in Lateral foramen group (II) and 0.932 mm in open apex group (III). Root ZX located apical constriction accurately within ± 0.5 mm in group I of 85.71%, in group II of 59.09%, and in group III of 33.33%. There was a statistically significant difference between group I and III (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Root ZX located apical constriction accurately regardless of location of major foramen. However, Root ZX couldn't find it in open apex. Clinicians have to use a combination of methods to determine an appropriate working length at open apex. It may be more successful than relying on just electronic apex locator.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Effect of file size in measuring electronic working length of teeth with open apex
    Ryeon Jin, Ju-Hee Jeong, A-Ra Cho, Hyoung-Hoon Jo
    Oral Biology Research.2022; 46(1): 36.     CrossRef
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Basic Researchs
In vivo evaluation of accuracy and consistency of two electronic apex locators
Chien-Yun Pi, Euiseong Kim, Il-Young Jung, Seung-Jong Lee
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2010;35(6):453-460.   Published online November 30, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2010.35.6.453
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

To evaluate the accuracy and consistency of two different apex locators at both the Apex and 0.5 marks.

Materials and Methods

Twenty-six root canals was scheduled for extraction for periodontal or prosthodontic reasons. Thirteen canals were measured using Root ZX and the rest by i-ROOT. The root canal length was measured both the at 0.5 mark and the Apex mark. The file was then fixed to the tooth, and the distance from the file tip to the major foramen of each canal was measured after removing the root dentin under the microscope so that the major foramen and the file tip were seen.

Results

When the Apex mark was used, 100% of both the Root ZX and i-ROOT groups were within 0.5 mm of the major foramen.

When 0.5 mark was used, 100% of the Root ZX group and 77% of the i-ROOT group were within 0.5 mm of the major foramen.

In terms of standard deviation and quartile value, the Apex mark was more consistent than 0.5 mark in the Root ZX group, and 0.5 mark was more consistent in the i-ROOT group, but there was no statistically significant difference when compared with t-test.

The root canal length difference between the Apex mark and 0.5 mark was 0.22 mm and 0.46 mm in the Root ZX and i-ROOT groups, respectively.

Conclusions

In this study, the Apex mark was the more consistent mark. Therefore, it is recommended to subtract 0.5 mm, which is the average length between the apex and apical constriction, from the root canal length at the Apex mark to obtain the working length clinically.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Influence of Apical Periodontitis on the Accuracy of 3 Electronic Root Canal Length Measurement Devices: An In Vivo Study
    Masoud Saatchi, Mohammad Ghasem Aminozarbian, Seyed Mohsen Hasheminia, Amin Mortaheb
    Journal of Endodontics.2014; 40(3): 355.     CrossRef
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Effect of moisture on sealing ability of root canal filling with different types of sealer through the glucose penetration model
Jin-Ah Jang, Hee-Lyang Kim, Mi-Ja Her, Kwang-Won Lee, Mi-Kyung Yu
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2010;35(5):335-343.   Published online September 30, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2010.35.5.335
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

To compared the effect of different levels of moisture of root canal on the sealing ability after filling with four different types of sealer.

Materials and Methods

Single-rooted teeth (n = 90) instrumented to and apical size of 0.06 / 45 were randomly assigned to 12 experimental groups (n = 7 per group), positive/negative control groups (n = 3 per group). The teeth of the experimental groups (a. DRY; b. PAPER POINT DRY; c. WET) were obturated with sealer (Group 1-3: Sealapex; Group 4-6: AH plus; Group 7-9: Tubuli-seal; Group 10-12: EndoRez) and warm vertical compaction method. After 7 days in 37℃, 100% humidity, the coronal-to-apical microleakage was evaluated quantitatively using a glucose leakage model. The leaked glucose concentration was measured with spectrophotometer at 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 30 days. Data were recorded ad mmol/L and statistically analysed with the two-way ANOVA and Duncan test (p = 0.05).

Results

Throughout the experimental period Tubuli-seal/WET (Group 9) showed the highest mean cumulative glucose penetration (178.75 mmol/L), whereas AH plus/DRY (Group 4) had the least (20.78 mmol/L).

Conclusions

The results of this study demonstrated that the moisture condition of root canals at the time of obturation and the type of sealer that was used had a significant effect on leakage and sealing ability. Thus drying procedure according to sealer types is a critical step and should not be missed in endodontic treatment.

Citations

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  • Comparison of push‐out bond strength of endodontic sealers after root canal drying with different techniques
    Ahmadreza Sarrafan, Ali Soleymani, Tasnim Bagheri Chenari, Seyedali Seyedmajidi
    Clinical and Experimental Dental Research.2023; 9(2): 314.     CrossRef
  • Quantitative microleakage analysis of root canal filling materials in single‐rooted canals
    Sin‐Young Kim, Kyung‐Jae Kim, Young‐Ah Yi, Deog‐Gyu Seo
    Scanning.2015; 37(4): 237.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of softening ability of Xylene & Endosolv-R on three different epoxy resin based sealers within 1 to 2 minutes - anin vitrostudy
    Pratima Ramakrishna Shenoi, Gautam Pyarelal Badole, Rajiv Tarachand Khode
    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2014; 39(1): 17.     CrossRef
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Original Articles
In vitro evaluation of the consistency of two electronic apex locators
Gyu-Young Hwang, Byoung-Duck Roh, Eui-Sung Kim, Seung-Jong Lee
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2008;33(1):20-27.   Published online January 31, 2008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2008.33.1.020
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the consistency of two electronic apex locators in vitro model.

Materials consisted of fifty two extracted premolars and two electronic apex locators; Root ZX (J. Morita, Osaka, Japan) and E-Magic Finder Deluxe (S-Denti, Cheonan, Korea). After access preparation, the teeth were embedded in a saline-mixed alginate model. Canal lengths of each tooth were measured at "0.5" and "Apex" mark of the apex locators, respectively so that each tooth had two measurements from 0.5 and Apex points. The file was fixed at final measurement using a glass ionomer cement. The apical 4 mm from the apex was exposed to measure the distance from the file tip to the major apical foramen of each tooth. Average distances and standard deviations were used to evaluate the consistency.

Results showed that all measurements of both Root ZX and E-Magic Finder located the major foramen the range of ± 0.5 mm level. Both apex locators showed better consistency at Apex mark than at 0.5 mark. The average distance of file tip-major foramen was - 0.18 mm at 0.5 mark and - 0.07 mm at Apex mark in Root ZX, - 0.25 mm at 0.5 mark and - 0.02 mm at Apex mark in E-Magic Finder. Standard deviation was 0.21 at 0.5 mark and 0.12 at Apex mark in Root ZX, 0.12 at 0.5 mark and 0.09 at Apex mark in E-Magic Finder.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Variations in the morphology of apical constriction affecting electronic readings: An in vitro investigation using 3D‐printed tooth models
    Juhee Nam, Lucila Piasecki, Doun Kwak, Jung Hwa Hong, Il‐Young Jung, Sung‐Ho Park, Sin‐Yeon Cho
    Australian Endodontic Journal.2023; 49(S1): 245.     CrossRef
  • In vivo evaluation of accuracy and consistency of two electronic apex locators
    Chien-Yun Pi, Euiseong Kim, Il-Young Jung, Seung-Jong Lee
    Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2010; 35(6): 453.     CrossRef
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In vitro evaluation of accuracy and consistency of four different electronic apex locators
Jae-Hyun Cho, Kee-Yeon Kum, Seung-Jong Lee
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2006;31(5):390-397.   Published online September 30, 2006
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2006.31.5.390
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and the consistency of four different electronic apex locators in an in vitro model.

Fourty extracted premolars were used for the study. Four electronic apex locators (EAL) were Root ZX, SmarPex, Elements Diagnostic Unit (EDU), and E-Magic Finder Deluxe (EMF). After access preparation, the teeth were embedded in an alginate model and the length measurements were carried out at "0.5"and "Apex"mark using four EALs. The file was cemented at the location of the manufacturers'instruction (Root ZX, EDU, EMF: 0.5 mark, SmarPex: Apex mark). The apical 4mm of the apex was exposed and the distance from the file tip to the major foramen was measured by Image ProPlus (× 100). The distance from the file tip to the major foramen was calculated at 0.5 and Apex mark and the consistency of 0.5 and Apex mark was compared by SD and Quartile of Box plots.

In this study, Root ZX and EMF located the apical constriction accurately within ± 0.5 mm in 100%, whereas SmarPex and EDU located in 90% and in 70% respectively. For Root ZX and EMF, there was no significant difference between the consistency of 0.5 and Apex mark. However, for the EDU and SmarPex, Apex mark was more consistent than 0.5 mark.

From the evaluation of the consistency in this study, for Root ZX and EMF, both 0.5 and Apex mark can be used as a standard mark. And for EDU and SmarPex, the Apex mark can be recommended to be used as a standard mark.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • An evaluation of the accuracy of Root ZX according to the conditions of major apical foramen
    Shin-Young Park, Dong-Kyun Lee, Ho-Keel Hwang
    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2012; 37(2): 68.     CrossRef
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In vitro comparison of measurement accuracy in pre-enlarged and enlarged canals with four apex locators
Sang-Yup Sung, Jeong-Kil Park, Bock Hur, Hyeon-Cheol Kim
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2006;31(5):371-377.   Published online September 30, 2006
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2006.31.5.371
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

The purposes of this study were to assess the accuracy of measurements in pre-enlarged canals with small instruments and to compare the accuracies, in enlarged canal, with small size instruments and instruments that match the actual canal diameter using Root ZX, Bingo1020, SmarPex, and e-Magic Finder. Ten extracted teeth were embedded in an alginate model made for testing apex locators. A size 10 file was placed into the root canal until the tip of the file reached the plane of the major diameter of the foramen under a dental operating microscope at the 25 × magnification. The measurement was done with digital caliper and defined as actual length. Electronic length measurement with a size 10 file in pre-enlarged canal was done by reading the index indicating Apex of each device to gain a definite value. After completion of canal enlargement to a size 45 file, each difference between actual length and electric measurement value with a size 10 and 40 files in enlarged canal was recorded as L10 and L40. The one-way ANOVA and Scheffe's multiple range tests were computed for analyze the differences among the four apex locators in the same group. The Student's t-test between L10 and L40 of each locator was done. The accuracies of electronic measurements were significantly different among the 4 devices. The file size made no difference on the accuracy of electronic measurement in enlarged canal with same device. The e-Magic Finder was the most accurate device among the 4 apex locators used in this study.

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An accuracy of the several electronic apex locators on the mesial root canal of the mandibular molar
Young-Lin Cho, Wook-Hee Son, Ho-Keel Hwang
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2005;30(6):477-485.   Published online November 30, 2005
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2005.30.6.477
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

The aim of this study was to compare the length between the mesio-buccal and mesio-lingual canal of the mandibular molars before and after early coronal flaring at the different measuring time using several electronic apex locators. Fifty mandibular molars with complete apical formation and patent foramens were selected. After establishing the initial working length of the buccal and lingual canal of the mesial root using a surgical microscope (Carl Zeiss Co. Germany) at 25X with #15 K-file tip just visible at the foramen, radiographs were taken for the working length. After measuring the length of mesio-buccal and mesio-lingual canal (control group), the electronic lengths were measured at different times using several electronic apex locators (experimental groups; I-Root ZX, II-Bingo, III-Propex, IV-Diagnostic). After early coronal flaring using the K3 file, the additional electronic lengths were measured using the same manner.

The results were as follows: One canal has a correct working length for the mesial root of the mandibular molar, it can be used effectively for measuring the electronic working length of another canal when the files are superimposed or encountered at the apex. In addition, the accuracy of the electronic apex locators was increased as the measurement was accomplished after the early coronal flaring of the root canal and the measuring time was repeated.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • An evaluation of the accuracy of Root ZX according to the conditions of major apical foramen
    Shin-Young Park, Dong-Kyun Lee, Ho-Keel Hwang
    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2012; 37(2): 68.     CrossRef
  • Study of endodontic working length of Korean posterior teeth
    Jeong-Yeob Kim, Sang-Hoon Lee, Gwang-Hee Lee, Sang-Hyuk Park
    Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2010; 35(6): 429.     CrossRef
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The analysis of initial apical file size before and after coronal flaring
Ho-Keel Hwang, Chan-Ho Park, Seong-Chul Bae
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2003;28(1):64-71.   Published online January 31, 2003
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2003.28.1.064
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

The purpose of this study was to compare the initial apical file(IAF) first file that fits to the apex in each canal before and after early flaring to analyze if the size of file to fit to the apex would increase after flaring. Eighty anterior teeth with complete apical formation and patent foramens were selected. The samples were randomly divided into 4 groups(GG, OS, GT, PT Group) of 20 teeth each. A file was fit to the apex in each canal and that size recorded. Radicular flaring were completed using different types of instruments. After flaring a file was again fit to the apex in the same manner as before and its size recorded.

The results of this study were as follows:

1. The mean diameter of IAF before flaring(file diameters in mm×10-2) was 19.81±8.32 before and 25.94±9.21 after(p<0.05).

2. The increase in diameter of IAF was approximately one file size for all groups.

3. Ranking of increasing diameter of IAF were GG>GT>OS>PT group. There was a statistically significant difference between before and after flaring(p<0.05).

4. Ranking of the time for flaring were GG>GT>OS>PT group. There was a statistically significant difference between GG group and other groups(p<0.05).

5. In the case without change of IAF diameter, they showed decrease in force after flaring when IAF was pulled out from root canal(p<0.05).

This study suggested that early radicular flaring increases the file size that is snug at the apex, and awareness of that difference gives the clinician a better sense of canal size. Early flaring of the canal provides better apical size information and with this awareness, a better decision can be made concerning the appropriate final diameter needed for complete apical shaping.

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