Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics

Research Articles

Effect of additional etching and ethanol-wet bonding on the dentin bond strength of one-step self-etch adhesives: Joonghee Ahn, Kyoung-Hwa Jung, Sung-Ae Son, Bock Hur, Yong-Hoon Kwon, Jeong-Kil Park; Restor Dent Endod 2015;40(1):68-74. Published online November 18, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2015.40.1.68

Objectives

This study examined the effects of additional acid etching on the dentin bond strength of one-step self-etch adhesives with different compositions and pH. The effect of ethanol wetting on etched dentin bond strength of self-etch adhesives was also evaluated.

Materials and Methods

Forty-two human permanent molars were classified into 21 groups according to the adhesive types (Clearfil SE Bond [SE, control]; G-aenial Bond [GB]; Xeno V [XV]; Beauti Bond [BB]; Adper Easy Bond [AE]; Single Bond Universal [SU]; All Bond Universal [AU]), and the dentin conditioning methods. Composite resins were placed on the dentin surfaces, and the teeth were sectioned. The microtensile bond strength was measured, and the failure mode of the fractured specimens was examined. The data were analyzed statistically using two-way ANOVA and Duncan's post hoc test.

Results

In GB, XV and SE (pH ≤ 2), the bond strength was decreased significantly when the dentin was etched (p < 0.05). In BB, AE and SU (pH 2.4 - 2.7), additional etching did not affect the bond strength (p > 0.05). In AU (pH = 3.2), additional etching increased the bond strength significantly (p < 0.05). When adhesives were applied to the acid etched dentin with ethanol-wet bonding, the bond strength was significantly higher than that of the no ethanol-wet bonding groups, and the incidence of cohesive failure was increased.

Conclusions

The effect of additional acid etching on the dentin bond strength was influenced by the pH of one-step self-etch adhesives. Ethanol wetting on etched dentin could create a stronger bonding performance of one-step self-etch adhesives for acid etched dentin.

Citations

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Influence of Different Application Modes of a Universal Adhesive System on the Bond Strength of Bulk‐Fill Composite Resin to Enamel and Dentin in Primary Teeth
Ali Nozari, Maryam Pakniyat Jahromi, Farnaz Haji Abbas Oghli, Zahra Jowkar, Seyed Ahmadreza Hamidi
Clinical and Experimental Dental Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of a novel pretreatment on the microtensile bond strength of universal adhesives with dentin
Yixiang Pan, Jiajia Xu, Xue Cai, Xiaodong Li, Xiaoyan Wang
Journal of Dental Sciences.2023; 18(3): 1148. CrossRef
Microfluidic Organ-on-A-chip: A Guide to Biomaterial Choice and Fabrication
Uyen M. N. Cao, Yuli Zhang, Julie Chen, Darren Sayson, Sangeeth Pillai, Simon D. Tran
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(4): 3232. CrossRef
Effect of phytic acid on bond strength and interfacial integrity of universal adhesive to deep dentin
Ahmed Mostafa Attia, Ahmed Fawzy Abo-Elezz, Rehab Khalil Safy
Brazilian Dental Journal.2022; 33(5): 116. CrossRef
Microtensile Bond Strength of Total-Etch and Self-Etch Universal Adhesives Containing 10-MDP: A Systematic Review
I. Hisham Ismail, N.A. Abdul Razak, N.D. Mohd Ramzi, M.Y.P. Mohd Yusof
The Journal of Dentists.2022; 10: 12. CrossRef
Biomodification of dentin collagen by primers with crosslinking reagents using ethanol wet bonding technique
Talita Arrais Daniel Mendes, Samuel Chillavert Dias Pascoal, Marcelo Victor Sidou Lemos, Sérgio Lima Santiago, Juliano Sartori Mendonça
International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives.2022; 119: 103254. CrossRef
Is the presence of 10-MDP associated to higher bonding performance for self-etching adhesive systems? A meta-analysis of in vitro studies
Julia Fehrenbach, Cristina Pereira Isolan, Eliseu Aldrighi Münchow
Dental Materials.2021; 37(10): 1463. CrossRef
The effect of additional chlorhexidine and/or ethanol on the bond strength of universal adhesives
Zeynep Buket Kaynar, Magrur Kazak, Nazmiye Donmez, Evrim Eliguzeloglu Dalkilic
Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology.2021; 35(4): 375. CrossRef
Evaluation of the Effect of Cold Plasma Treatment on the Microshear Bond Strength of Composite Resin Restorations to Dentin using Different Adhesive Systems and the Effect of Thermocycling
Sara Valizadeh, Elham Farhadi, Aida Moradi, Sedighe S. Hashemikamangar
The Open Dentistry Journal.2021; 15(1): 734. CrossRef
Bond Strength of Universal Adhesives to Dentin: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Louis Hardan, Rim Bourgi, Naji Kharouf, Davide Mancino, Maciej Zarow, Natalia Jakubowicz, Youssef Haikel, Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez
Polymers.2021; 13(5): 814. CrossRef
Effects of simplified ethanol–wet bonding and hydrophobic coating on resin–dentin bonding properties
Xia Wang, He Li, Liang Chen, Yue Wang, Jianfei Bai, Defei Wang, Hong Liu
Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology.2021; 35(9): 913. CrossRef
Effect of dentin biomodification techniques on the stability of the bonded interface
Nida Mehmood, Rajni Nagpal, UdaiPratap Singh, Meenal Agarwal
Journal of Conservative Dentistry.2021; 24(3): 265. CrossRef
Assessment of nanohardness, elastic modulus, and nanoleakage of the adhesive interface using the ethanol-wet-bonding technique
Mauricio Yugo Souza, Jéssica Lopes Andrade, Taciana Marco Ferraz Caneppele, Eduardo Bresciani
International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives.2020; 99: 102572. CrossRef
The improvement of biocompatibility of adhesives
Cigdem Atalayin, Huseyin Tezel, Zeynep Ergucu, Nimet Unlu, Guliz Armagan, Taner Dagci, Timur Kose
Clinical Oral Investigations.2019; 23(8): 3213. CrossRef
Comparison of the micro-tensile bond strengths of four different universal adhesives to caries-affected dentin after ER:YAG laser irradiation
Nazmiye DÖNMEZ, Ayça Sarıalioğlu GÜNGÖR, Barış KARABULUT, Şeyda Hergüner SİSO
Dental Materials Journal.2019; 38(2): 218. CrossRef
Six-month performance of restorations produced with the ethanol-wet-bonding technique: a randomized trial
Maurício Yugo de SOUZA, Ana Luiza Barbosa JUREMA, Taciana Marco Ferraz CANEPPELE, Eduardo BRESCIANI
Brazilian Oral Research.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Influence of ethanol-wet dentin, adhesive mode of application, and aging on bond strength of universal adhesive
Mauricio Yugo de SOUZA, Rebeca DI NICOLÓ, Eduardo BRESCIANI
Brazilian Oral Research.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Effects of light curing modes and ethanol-wet bonding on dentin bonding properties
Mu-zi Li, Jin-rui Wang, Hong Liu, Xia Wang, Kang Gan, Xiu-ju Liu, De-li Niu, Xiao-qing Song
Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE B.2016; 17(9): 703. CrossRef
Effect of an Er,Cr:YSGG laser preparation on dentin bond strength of a universal adhesive
A. Rüya Yazici, Emel Karaman, Duygu Tuncer, Gizem Berk, Atilla Ertan
Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology.2016; 30(22): 2477. CrossRef
The effect of saliva decontamination procedures on dentin bond strength after universal adhesive curing
Jayang Kim, Sungok Hong, Yoorina Choi, Sujung Park
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2015; 40(4): 299. CrossRef

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A study on the compatibility between one-bottle dentin adhesives and composite resins using micro-shear bond strength: Minju Song, Yooseok Shin, Jeong-Won Park, Byoung-Duck Roh; Restor Dent Endod 2015;40(1):30-36. Published online September 26, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2015.40.1.30

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Objectives

This study was performed to determine whether the combined use of one-bottle self-etch adhesives and composite resins from same manufacturers have better bond strengths than combinations of adhesive and resins from different manufacturers.

Materials and Methods

25 experimental micro-shear bond test groups were made from combinations of five dentin adhesives and five composite resins with extracted human molars stored in saline for 24 hr. Testing was performed using the wire-loop method and a universal testing machine. Bond strength data was statistically analyzed using two way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's post hoc test.

Results

Two way ANOVA revealed significant differences for the factors of dentin adhesives and composite resins, and significant interaction effect (p < 0.001). All combinations with Xeno V (Dentsply De Trey) and Clearfil S³ Bond (Kuraray Dental) adhesives showed no significant differences in micro-shear bond strength, but other adhesives showed significant differences depending on the composite resin (p < 0.05). Contrary to the other adhesives, Xeno V and BondForce (Tokuyama Dental) had higher bond strengths with the same manufacturer's composite resin than other manufacturer's composite resin.

Conclusions

Not all combinations of adhesive and composite resin by same manufacturers failed to show significantly higher bond strengths than mixed manufacturer combinations.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Influence of etching mode and composite resin type on bond strength to dentin using universal adhesive system
Stefan Dačić, Milan Miljković, Aleksandar Mitić, Goran Radenković, Marija Anđelković‐Apostolović, Milica Jovanović
Microscopy Research and Technique.2021; 84(6): 1212. CrossRef
Is the presence of 10-MDP associated to higher bonding performance for self-etching adhesive systems? A meta-analysis of in vitro studies
Julia Fehrenbach, Cristina Pereira Isolan, Eliseu Aldrighi Münchow
Dental Materials.2021; 37(10): 1463. CrossRef
Dentin bond strengths of all-in-one adhesives combined with different manufacturers’ flowable resin composites
Koichi SHINKAI, Daiki YOSHII, Akira KOIDE, Masaya SUZUKI, Shiro SUZUKI
Dental Materials Journal.2021; 40(5): 1094. CrossRef
DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİNDE ADEZİV SİSTEMLER
Elmas TÜRKER, Buket AYNA
Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Influence of EDC on Dentin-Resin Shear Bond Strength and Demineralized Dentin Thermal Properties
Lin Tang, Yi Zhang, Yuhua Liu, Yongsheng Zhou
Materials.2016; 9(11): 920. CrossRef

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Effect of moisture and drying time on the bond strength of the one-step self-etching adhesive system: Yoon Lee, Jeong-Won Park; Restor Dent Endod 2012;37(3):155-159. Published online August 29, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2012.37.3.155

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Objectives

To investigate the effect of dentin moisture degree and air-drying time on dentin-bond strength of two different one-step self-etching adhesive systems.

Materials and Methods

Twenty-four human third molars were used for microtensile bond strength testing of G-Bond and Clearfil S³ Bond. The dentin surface was either blot-dried or air-dried before applying these adhesive agents. After application of the adhesive agent, three different air drying times were evaluated: 1, 5, and 10 sec. Composite resin was build up to 4 mm thickness and light cured for 40 sec with 2 separate layers. Then the tooth was sectioned and trimmed to measure the microtensile bond strength using a universal testing machine. The measured bond strengths were analyzed with three-way ANOVA and regression analysis was done (p = 0.05).

Results

All three factors, materials, dentin wetness and air drying time, showed significant effect on the microtensile bond strength. Clearfil S³ Bond, dry dentin surface and 10 sec air drying time showed higher bond strength.

Conclusions

Within the limitation of this experiment, air drying time after the application of the one-step self-etching adhesive agent was the most significant factor affecting the bond strength, followed by the material difference and dentin moisture before applying the adhesive agent.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

An in vitro study on comparative evaluation of shear bond strength of bioactive composite to tooth structure with various dentin conditioning agents
Priyanka Pokkula, Shaik Mohammed Asif, Abdullah Alqarni, Shahabe Saquib Abullais, Shaik Mohamed Shamsudeen, Syed M Yassin, Abosofyan S. Atta, Wahaj Ahmad Khan
AIP Advances.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Shear bond strengths of two newly marketed self‐adhesive resin cements to different substrates: A light and scanning electron microscopy evaluation
Cansu Atalay, Uzay Koc Vural, Ivana Miletic, Sevil Gurgan
Microscopy Research and Technique.2022; 85(5): 1694. CrossRef
The effect of curing mode of dual-cure resin cements on bonding performance of universal adhesives to enamel, dentin and various restorative materials
Erick LUZ MADRIGAL, Antonin TICHY, Keiichi HOSAKA, Masaomi IKEDA, Masatoshi NAKAJIMA, Junji TAGAMI
Dental Materials Journal.2021; 40(2): 446. CrossRef
Effect of adhesive air-drying time on bond strength to dentin: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Mohamed M. Awad, Ali Alrahlah, Jukka P. Matinlinna, Hamdi Hosni Hamama
International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives.2019; 90: 154. CrossRef
Effect of pre-curing of two universal adhesives on the shear bond strength of resin cement to zirconia
Ga-Eun Son, Tae-Yub Kwon, Young Kyung Kim
Korean Journal of Dental Materials.2019; 46(1): 21. CrossRef
Bonding effectiveness of different dentin conditions on etch-and-rinse mode of two universal adhesives: the confocal laser scanning and shear bond strength
Jounghyun Lee, Ka-Young Cho, Jin-Young Kim, Sungho Park, Byoung-Duck Roh, Yooseok shin
Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology.2017; 31(9): 933. CrossRef
Effect of different air-drying time on the microleakage of single-step self-etch adhesives
Horieh Moosavi, Maryam Forghani, Esmatsadat Managhebi
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2013; 38(2): 73. CrossRef

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Basic Researchs

Influence of application methods of one-step self-etching adhesives on microtensile bond strength: Chul-Kyu Choi, Sung-Ae Son, Jin-Hee Ha, Bock Hur, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Yong-Hun Kwon, Jeong-Kil Park; J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2011;36(3):203-210. Published online May 31, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2011.36.3.203

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Objectives

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of various application methods of one-step self-etch adhesives to microtensile resin-dentin bond strength.

Materials and Methods

Thirty-six extracted human molars were used. The teeth were assigned randomly to twelve groups (n = 15), according to the three different adhesive systems (Clearfil Tri-S Bond, Adper Prompt L-Pop, G-Bond) and application methods. The adhesive systems were applied on the dentin as follows: 1) The single coating, 2) The double coating, 3) Manual agitation, 4) Ultrasonic agitation. Following the adhesive application, light-cure composite resin was constructed. The restored teeth were stored in distilled water at room temperature for 24 hours, and prepared 15 specimens per groups. Then microtensile bond strength was measured and the failure mode was examined.

Results

Manual agitation and ultrasonic agitation of adhesive significantly increased the microtensile bond strength than single coating and double coating did. Double coating of adhesive significantly increased the microtensile bond strength than single coating did and there was no significant difference between the manual agitation and ultrasonic agitation group. There was significant difference in microtensile bonding strength among all adhesives and Clearfil Tri-S Bond showed the highest bond strength.

Conclusions

In one-step self-etching adhesives, there was significant difference according to application methods and type of adhesives. No matter of the material, the manual or ultrasonic agitation of the adhesive showed significantly higher microtensile bond strength.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The Classification and Selection of Adhesive Agents; an Overview for the General Dentist
Naji Ziad Arandi
Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry.2023; Volume 15: 165. CrossRef

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The evaluation of surface roughness and polishing time between polishing systems: Ye-Mi Kim, Su-Jung Shin, Min-Ju Song, Jeong-Won Park; J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2011;36(2):119-124. Published online March 31, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2011.36.2.119

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Objectives

The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate four different polishing systems of their polishability and polishing time.

Materials and Methods

4 mm diameter and 2 mm thickness Teflon mold was made. Z-250 (3M ESPE) hybrid composite resin was slightly overfilled and pressed with slide glass and cured with Optilux 501 for 40 sec each side. Then the surface roughness (glass pressed: control group) was measured with profilometer. One surface of the specimen was roughened by #320 grit sand paper and polished with one of the following polishing systems; Sof-Lex (3M ESPE), Jiffy (Ultradent), Enhance (Dentsply/Caulk), or Pogo (Dentsply/Caulk). The surface roughness and the total polishing time were measured. The results were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test.

Results

The surface roughness was lowest in Pogo, and highest in Sof-Lex. Polishing times were shortest with Pogo, and followed by the Sof-Lex, Enhance and Jiffy.

Conclusions

One-step polishing system (Pogo) is very effective to get the smooth surface in a short time, therefore it can be recommended for final polishing system of the restoration.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Observation of surface roughness on three types of resin based on grinding time of dental automatic barrel finishing
An-Na Jung, Hyeon-Jeong Ko, Yu-Jin Park
Journal of Korean Acedemy of Dental Technology.2021; 43(2): 56. CrossRef
Observations of surface roughness of Co-Cr alloys according to grinding time of dental barrel finishing
Hyeon-Jeong Ko, Yu-Jin Park, Sung-Min Choi
Journal of Korean Acedemy of Dental Technology.2021; 43(3): 93. CrossRef
Component and surface residue observation of barrel finishing media for grinding dental resins
An-Na Jung, Yu-Jin Park, Sung-Min Choi
Journal of Korean Acedemy of Dental Technology.2021; 43(4): 145. CrossRef
Performance of a novel polishing rubber wheel in improving surface roughness of feldspathic porcelain
Geum-Jun HAN, Jae-Hoon KIM, Mi-Ae LEE, So-Yeon CHAE, Yun-Hee LEE, Byeong-Hoon CHO
Dental Materials Journal.2014; 33(6): 739. CrossRef

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Effect of 2% chlorhexidine application on microtensile bond strength of resin composite to dentin using one-step self-etch adhesives: Soon-Ham Jang, Bock Hur, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Yong-Hun Kwon, Jeong-Kil Park; J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2010;35(6):486-491. Published online November 30, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2010.35.6.486

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Objectives
This study examined the effect of 2% chlorhexidine on the µTBS of a direct composite restoration using one-step self-etch adhesives on human dentin.
Materials and Methods
Twenty-four extracted permanent molars were used. The teeth were assigned randomly to six groups (n = 10), according to the adhesive system and application of chlorhexidine. With or without the application of chlorhexidine, each adhesive system was applied to the dentin surface. After the bonding procedure, light-cure composite resin buildups were produced. The restored teeth were stored in distilled water at room temperature for 24 hours, and then cut and glued to the jig of the microtensile testing machine. A tensile load was applied until the specimen failed. The failure mode was examined using an operating microscope. The data was analyzed statistically using one-way ANOVA, Student's t-test (p < 0.05) and Scheffé's test.
Results
Regardless of the application of chlorhexidine, the Clearfil S³ Bond showed the highest µTBS, followed by G-Bond and Xeno V. Adhesive failure was the main failure mode of the dentin bonding agents tested with some samples showing cohesive failure.
Conclusions
The application of 2% chlorhexidine did not affect the µTBS of the resin composite to the dentin using a one-step self-etch adhesive.

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Original Articles

EFFECT OF THE ADDITIONAL ETCHING PROCEDURE ON PUSH-OUT BOND STRENGTH OF ONE-STEP RESIN CEMENT: Soon-Il Kang, Jeong-Kil Park, Bock Hur, Hyeon-Cheol Kim; J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2008;33(5):443-451. Published online January 14, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2008.33.5.443

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of additional etching procedure prior to Maxcem resin cement application in indirect restoration cementation using push-out bonding strength.

One hundred and two extracted human molars were used to make indirect resin restorations of gold inlay and Synfony. These restorations were cemented using Maxcem and Variolink II. Additional etching procedures were done for one group with Maxcem. Three groups have 17 specimens in both restoration types. Push-out bond strength was measured using multi-purpose tester and calculated for bonding strength per sqaure-millimeter area. The mean bonding strength values were compared using SPSS 12.0K program for one-way ANOVA and Scheffe's Test with 95% significance.

Under the condition of this study, the additional etching procedure prior to usage of Maxcem resulted in reduced bond strength for both of restoration types.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Shear bond strength of a self-adhesive resin cement to resin-coated dentin
Jee-Youn Hong, Cheol-Woo Park, Jeong-Uk Heo, Min-Ki Bang, Jae-Jun Ryu
The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics.2013; 51(1): 27. CrossRef
Effect of dentin surface wetness on tensile bond strength of self adhesive resin cements
Sung-Young Yoon, Se-Hee Park, Jin-Woo Kim, Kyung-Mo Cho
Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2009; 34(2): 113. CrossRef

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Effect of increasing application time of single bottle adhesives to microtensile bond strength of dried dentin: Hak-Geun Kim, Dong-Jun Kim, Yun-Chan Hwang, Wonmann Oh, In-Nam Hwang; J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2005;30(6):435-441. Published online November 30, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2005.30.6.435

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of increasing application time of single bottle adhesives (SBA) to microtensile bond strength (MTBS) of dried dentin. To expose the superficial dentin surfaces, human molars were sectioned perpendicular to the long axis of tooth. 32% phosphoric acid gels were applied for 15s and rinsed. The teeth were randomly assigned to 3 groups ; S group (Single Bond), O group (One-Step), P group (Prime & Bond NT). Each group was divided to 3 subgroups (W: dentin wipe with wet gauge and light cured immediately, D: dentin dried for 30s and light cured immediately, 30: dentin dried for 30s and light cured after applying SBA for 30s). Composite resin was built up on the dentin surface and sectioned to obtain 20 specimens with 1 mm² cross sectional area and the MTBS was measured.

For Single Bond, the mean MTBS of S-W and S-30 group were higher than that of S-D group statistically (P < 0.05). For One-Step, the mean MTBS of O-D group was statistically lower than that of O-W group (P < 0.05). For Prime & Bond NT, the mean MTBS of P-30 group was statistically lower than that of P-D group (P < 0.05).

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Effect of a desensitizer on microtensile bond strength of different adhesives: Sung-Yeon Hwang, Kyung-Ha Lee, Mi-Kyung Yu, Kwang-Won Lee; J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2003;28(5):378-384. Published online September 30, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2003.28.5.378

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This study evaluated the influence of a desensitizer(MS coat) on microtensile bond strength of different adhesives: a three-step adhesive(All-Bond 2), a two-step adhesive(Single Bond), a one-step adhesive(One-up Bond F).

Non-caries extracted human molars were used. Dentin surface was obtained by horizontal section on midportion of crown using a water-cooled low speed diamond saw. Teeth were randomly divided into 6 group. AMO(MS coat + All Bond)-, SMO(MS coat + Single Bond)- and OMO(MS coat + One-up Bond F)-dentin surface were treated with 17% EDTA before bonded adhesive. AMX-, SMX- and OMX-dentin surface were bonded with All-Bond 2, Single Bond and One-up Bond F, respectively, with no previous treatment with MS coat and 17% EDTA. About 1cm high resin composite(Z-250™) were incrementally build-up on the treated surface. The specimens for the microtensile test were serially sectioned perpendicular to the adhesive layer to obtain 0.7×0.7 mm sticks. 30 sticks were prepared from each group.

After that, tensile bond strength for each stick was measured with Microtensile Tester at a 1mm/min crosshead speed. Fractured dentin surfaces were observed under the SEM. The results were statistically analysed by using a One-way ANOVA and Tukey's test(p<0.05).

Value in MPa were: AMO-44.35±13.21; SMO-39.35±13.32; OMO-31.07±10.25; AMX-49.22±16.38; SMX-56.02±13.35; OMX-72.93±16.19. Application of MS coat reduced microtensile bond strengths of both Single Bond and One-up Bond F, whereas microtensile bond strengths of All-Bond 2 were not affected significantly.

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