Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics

Research Articles

Effect of quality of radiographs taken during root canal treatment on technical quality of root canal fillings and endodontic outcome: Jia Min Ng, Yan Yee Lee, Prashanti Chippagiri, Elaheh Ahanin, Abhishek Parolia; Restor Dent Endod 2025;50(1):e3. Published online January 7, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2025.50.e3

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Objectives
This study evaluated the number and quality of working length (WL) and master cone (MC) radiographs taken during root canal treatment by dental undergraduates, and their associations with the technical quality of root canal fillings (TQRCF) and endodontic outcomes (EO).
Methods
A retrospective evaluation of radiographs from 303 root canal-treated teeth in 231 patients was conducted, with 72 patients attending recall visits to assess EO. The chi-square and one-way analysis of variance tests were performed.
Results
A total of 505 WL and 557 MC radiographs were reviewed, with 72.9% and 75% deemed satisfactory, respectively. Satisfactory TQRCF was achieved in 60.4% of cases. Significant associations were found between the extension of the file in WL and gutta-percha in MC radiographs and TQRCF (p = 0.000). Misinterpretation of these radiographs resulted in poor TQRCF. Furthermore, 64.2% of teeth had satisfactory EO. A significant relationship was noted between the quality of MC radiographs and both TQRCF (p = 0.043) and EO (p = 0.003).
Conclusions
Unsatisfactory MC radiographs were linked to poor TQRCF and unfavorable EO. Regular radiographic training is recommended to enhance EO.

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Prevalence of apical periodontitis and quality of root canal treatment in an adult Kuwaiti sub-population: a cross-sectional study: Abdulrahman A. Alhailaa, Saad A Al-Nazhan, Mazen A Aldosimani; Restor Dent Endod 2024;49(2):e16. Published online March 22, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e16

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Objectives
This cross-sectional study evaluated the prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) and the technical quality of root canal fillings in an adult Kuwaiti subpopulation using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images.
Materials and Methods
Two experienced examiners analyzed 250 CBCT images obtained from Kuwaiti patients aged 15–65 years who attended government dental specialist clinics between January 2019 and September 2020. The assessment followed the radiographic scoring criteria proposed by De Moor for periapical status and the technical quality of root canal filling. Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used for statistical analysis, with significance level set at p < 0.05.
Results
Among the 2,762 examined teeth, 191 (6.91%) exhibited radiographic signs of AP, and 176 (6.37%) had undergone root canal filling. AP prevalence in root canal-treated teeth was 32.38%, with a significant difference between males and females. Most of the endodontically treated teeth exhibited adequate root canal filling (71.5%).
Conclusions
The study demonstrated a comparable prevalence of AP and satisfactory execution of root canal treatment compared to similar studies in different countries.

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The status of clinical trials regarding root canal sealers: Ahmad AL Malak, Yasmina EL Masri, Mira Al Ziab, Nancy Zrara, Tarek Baroud, Pascale Salameh; Restor Dent Endod 2024;49(1):e5. Published online January 15, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e5

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Objectives
This study aimed to present the results and analyses of clinical trials, including updates on the different functions of root canal sealers.
Materials and Methods
In June 2023, we performed a comprehensive search of ClinicalTrials.gov to identify interventional clinical trials pertaining to root canal sealers. In total, 23 clinical trials conducted up to June 2023 were included in this study.
Results
Approximately half of the trials (11 out of 23) were completed, while none were terminated or withdrawn. Each included trial had a minimum of 10 participants, with 11 trials having more than 100 participants. None of the assessed trials provided outcomes, and the majority (17 out of 23) lacked associated publications. In terms of geographic distribution, the USA and Canada did not contribute to any root canal sealer trials.
Conclusions
This study highlights the lack of diversity in trial locations, the absence of reported results, and a scarcity of clinical trials examining the physicochemical properties of different sealers. Most published trials primarily focused on assessing the post-operative pain effect of these sealers, but no significant difference was found regarding post-operative pain control.

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Association between cigarette smoking and the prevalence of post-endodontic periapical pathology: a systematic review and meta-analysis: Néstor Ríos-Osorio, Hernan Darío Muñoz-Alvear, Fabio Andrés Jiménez-Castellanos, Sara Quijano-Guauque, Oscar Jiménez-Peña, Herney Andrés García-Perdomo, Javier Caviedes-Bucheli; Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(3):e27. Published online June 13, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e27

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Objectives
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the association of cigarette smoking with the prevalence of post-endodontic apical periodontitis in humans.
Materials and Methods
We searched through PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus from inception to December 2020. Risk of bias was performed by using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies. We performed the statistical analysis in Review Manager 5.3 (RevMan 5.3).
Results
6 studies met the inclusion criteria for qualitative and quantitative synthesis. Statistical analysis of these studies suggests that there were no differences in the prevalence of post endodontic apical periodontitis (AP) when comparing non-smokers vs smoker subjects regarding patients (odds ratio [OR], 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.31–1.49; I2 = 58%) and teeth (OR, 1.71; 95% CI, 0.99–2.93; I2 = 72%).
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that there was no association between cigarette smoking and post-endodontic apical periodontitis, as we did not find statistical differences in the prevalence of post-endodontic AP when comparing non-smokers vs smoker subjects. Therefore, smoking should not be considered a risk factor associated with endodontic failure.

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Case Report

The fate of overfilling in root canal treatments with long-term follow-up: a case series: Vito Antonio Malagnino, Alfio Pappalardo, Gianluca Plotino, Teocrito Carlesi; Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(2):e27. Published online April 29, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e27

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This study describes 6 cases of endodontic overfilling with successful clinical outcomes during long-term (up to 35 years) radiographic follow-up. Successful endodontic treatment depends on proper shaping, disinfection, and obturation of root canals. Filling materials should completely fill the root canal space without exceeding the anatomical apex. Overfilling may occur when the filling material extrudes into the periapical tissues beyond the apex. The present case series describes 6 root canal treatments in which overfilling of root canal sealer and gutta-percha accidentally occurred. Patients’ teeth were periodically checked with periapical radiographs in order to evaluate the outcomes during long-term follow-up. All cases showed healing and progressive resorption of the extruded materials in the periapex. The present cases showed that if a 3-dimensional seal was present at the apical level, overfilling did not negatively affect the long-term outcomes of root canal treatment.

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Comparative Analysis Of Obturation Techniques In Endodontics: Lateral Vs. Thermoplasticized. Thermoplasticized
Juan Esteban Díaz Pacheco , Rómulo Guillermo López Torres , Verónica Alejandra Salame Ortíz
Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología.2025; 5: 1626. CrossRef
Comparison between AH plus sealer and total fill bioceramic sealer performance in previously untreated and retreatment cases of maxillary incisors with large-sized periapical lesion: a randomized controlled trial
Eisa Wahbi, Hassan Achour, Yasser Alsayed Tolibah
BDJ Open.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Comparison of Easydo Activator, ultrasonic and needle irrigation techniques on sealer penetration and smear layer removal in vitro
Shao-Hui Zhang, Zheng-Rong Gao, Ying-Hui Zhou, Li Tan, Yao Feng, Qin Ye, Jie Zhao, Ya-Qiong Zhao, Jing Hu, Yun Chen, Qiong Liu, Dusenge Marie Aimee, Yue Guo, Yun-Zhi Feng
BMC Oral Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The effectiveness of single antibiotic paste nitrofurantoin V/S double antibiotic paste in alleviation of post-operative pain of patients suffering from symptomatic irreversible pulpitis—A randomized controlled trial
Hira Abbasi, Muhammad Saqib, Afsheen Maqsood, Rizwan Jouhar, Haroon Rashid, Naseer Ahmed, Mohmed Isaqali Karobari, Artak Heboyan
SAGE Open Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Assessment of dental students’ knowledge and performance of master gutta-percha cone selection and fitting during root canal treatment: a pilot study
Sarah M. Alkahtany, Shaima E. Alabdulkareem, Wajd H. Alharbi, Norah F. Alrebdi, Tomather Sultan Askar, Sundus M. Bukhary, Amal A. Almohaimede, Kholod Khalil Al-Manei
BMC Medical Education.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Cytotoxicity and Bone Biocompatibility of the C‐Root SP Experimental Root Canal Sealer
Xiliang Yang, Lingyun Xia, Yongji Chen, Lei Jiang, Tianxia Zheng, Yuhong Bai
Australian Endodontic Journal.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Evaluación de lesiones apicales en dientes con obturación endodóntica a partir de tomografías computarizadas de haz cónico (CBCT), usando el índice periapical (PAI) modificado
Didier Rodríguez-Lezama, Julián Camilo Mena-Falla, Luz Eugenia Duque-Gómez, Yolanda Grajales-Garay, Estephania Castro-Castaño
Revista Facultad de Odontología.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
A Review of the research methods and progress of biocompatibility evaluation of root canal sealers
Xiliang Yang, Tianxia Zheng, Nuoya Yang, Zihan Yin, Wuliang Wang, Yuhong Bai
Australian Endodontic Journal.2023; 49(S1): 508. CrossRef
The Prevalence Of Cases With Apical Sealer Extrusion Published In Recent Articles Of The Endodontic Literature
Ayman Abulhamael, Doo-Yong Lim, Kevin Chiang, Faisal Alghamdi, Rafael Roges
Annals of Dental Specialty.2022; 10(1): 62. CrossRef
The Assessment of Quality of the Root Canal Filling and the Number of Visits Needed for Completing Primary Root Canal Treatment by Operators with Different Experience
Krystyna Pietrzycka, Mateusz Radwanski, Louis Hardan, Rim Bourgi, Davide Mancino, Youssef Haikel, Monika Lukomska-Szymanska
Bioengineering.2022; 9(9): 468. CrossRef

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Review Article

Clinical efficacy of activated irrigation in endodontics: a focused review: Amelia Wan Tin Cheung, Angeline Hui Cheng Lee, Gary Shun Pan Cheung; Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(1):e10. Published online January 26, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e10

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Root canal debridement, which includes the removal of infected tissues and microbial biofilms, is considered the corner stone of root canal treatment. Chemical adjuncts play a multitude of functions in this regard, as tissue solvents, antimicrobial agents and for removing the smear layer. These adjuncts (irrigants) are usually delivered using a syringe and needle. With increasing knowledge of the complexity of root canal anatomy and tenacity of microbial biofilms, the need for strategies that potentiate the action of these irrigants within the root canal system cannot be overemphasized. Several such activated irrigation strategies exist. The aim of this review is to comprehensively discuss the different irrigant activation methods from the context of clinical studies.

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REVOLUCIONANDO LA ENDODONCIA: LA IMPORTANCIA DE IRRIGANTES MÚLTIPLES PARA UNA DESINFECCIÓN EFECTIVA DEL SISTEMA DE CONDUCTOS RADICULARES UNA REVISIÓN NARRATIVA
Irving Pablo Fernandez Calle, Edwin Macias Limachi , Abigail Marisol Vargas Ticona , Jenny Paula Aguilar Avalos , Marivel Irene Condori Escobar, Alcides Ramber Maldonado Huaycho , Jenny Claudia Apaza Cayo , Miguel Angel Espinoza Vega , Jesús Alejan
RECIMA21 - Revista Científica Multidisciplinar - ISSN 2675-6218.2024; 5(11): e5115929. CrossRef
Cleaning and disinfection of the root canal system provided by four active supplementary irrigation methods
Alessandra Timponi Goes Cruz, Adriane Antoniw Klemz, Edvaldo Antônio Ribeiro Rosa, Fabiana Soares Grecca, Bianca Mattos, Lucila Piasecki, Ricardo Machado, Sérgio Aparecido Ignácio, Ulisses Xavier da Silva Neto
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Postendodontic Pain Using Single File System with Different Irrigation Protocols in Single-visit Root Canal Treatment: A Randomized Control Trial
Kiran Patel, Kailash Attur, Nishtha Patel, Kamal M Bagda, Karthik P Venkataraghavan, Mohammed B Mustafa, Shylaja K Attur
The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice.2024; 25(2): 180. CrossRef
Bacteria debridement efficacy of two sonic root canal irrigant activation systems
Chang Zeng, Pei Hu, Colin P. Egan, Brian E. Bergeron, Franklin Tay, Jingzhi Ma
Journal of Dentistry.2024; 140: 104770. CrossRef
Evaluation of different activated irrigation protocols on debridement quality in various access cavity designs
Urvashi M. Ujariya, Mitul Lallubhai Gangani, Rajendra P. Bharatiya, Anjali K. Kothari
Endodontology.2024; 36(4): 400. CrossRef
Synergistic antimicrobial potential of EGCG and fosfomycin against biofilms associated with endodontic infections
Cristiane DUQUE, Amanda Caselato Andolfatto SOUZA, Kelly Limi AIDA, Jesse Augusto PEREIRA, Karina Sampaio CAIAFFA, Vanessa Rodrigues dos SANTOS, Leopoldo COSME-SILVA, Anuradha PRAKKI
Journal of Applied Oral Science.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Insights of fluid dynamics in an optimally shaped root canal system
Kavalipurapu Venkata Teja, Sindhu Ramesh, Krishnamachari Janani
Saudi Endodontic Journal.2023; 13(2): 216. CrossRef
Diamond–coated ultrasonic tip decreases debris and uninstrumented surface after preparation of curved canals with isthmus
Maria Luiza GIOSTER–RAMOS, Mariana Mena Barreto PIVOTO–JOÃO, Jáder Camilo PINTO, Juliane Maria GUERREIRO–TANOMARU, Mário TANOMARU–FILHO
Brazilian Oral Research.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Effectiveness of Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation Protocols in Simulated Complex Root Canal Cavities
Flávia A. Plazza, Renan Dal-Fabbro, Leopoldo Cosme-Silva, Paulo C. T. Duarte, Caroline Loureiro, Vitória Z. Custódio, Luciano T. A. Cintra, Marco A. H. Duarte, João Eduardo Gomes-Filho
Oral.2022; 3(1): 1. CrossRef
Comparison of sealer penetration of sonic activation versus conventional needle irrigation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Li Tan, Qiong Liu, Yun Chen, Ya-Qiong Zhao, Jie Zhao, Marie Aimee Dusenge, Yao Feng, Qin Ye, Jing Hu, Ze-Yue Ou-Yang, Ying-Hui Zhou, Yue Guo, Yun-Zhi Feng
BMC Oral Health.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Efficacy of Photoinduced Photoacoustic Streaming and Diode Laser Irrigation Techniques on Smear Layer Removal, Sealer Penetration and Push-out Bond Strength
Latifa Mohamed Abdelgawad, Nancy Attia Ahmed ElShafei, Somaia Abdlatif Eissa, Dalia Yahia Ibrahim
Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences.2022; 13(1): e12. CrossRef
Microbiological Aspects of Root Canal Infections and Disinfection Strategies: An Update Review on the Current Knowledge and Challenges
Jasmine Wong, Daniel Manoil, Peggy Näsman, Georgios N. Belibasakis, Prasanna Neelakantan
Frontiers in Oral Health.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
In vitro evaluation of efficacy of two endodontic sonic-powered irrigant agitation systems in killing single-species intracanal biofilms
Chang Zeng, Joseph Everett, Stephanie Sidow, Brian E. Bergeron, Fucong Tian, Jingzhi Ma, Franklin R. Tay
Journal of Dentistry.2021; 115: 103859. CrossRef
A novel three‐dimensionally printed model to assess biofilm removal by ultrasonically activated irrigation
Min‐Ji Choi, Mi‐Ah Kim, Yoorina Choi, Prasanna Neelakantan, Mi‐Kyung Yu, Kyung‐San Min
International Endodontic Journal.2021; 54(10): 1871. CrossRef

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Research Article

Effects of endodontic treatment on salivary levels of CGRP and substance P: a pilot study: Hakan Arslan, Ezgi Doğanay Yıldız, Serhat Köseoğlu; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(3):e40. Published online July 14, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e40

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of endodontic treatment on levels of substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the saliva of patients with symptomatic apical periodontitis.

Materials and Methods

Twelve patients with mandibular molars with symptomatic apical periodontitis were enrolled in this study. An initial saliva sample was collected just before administration of anesthesia for root canal treatment, which was performed at the first visit. A second saliva sample was collected at a control visit 1 week after treatment. Salivary SP and CGRP levels were evaluated quantitatively using biochemical assays. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis, the paired samples t-test, and the Mann-Whitney U test (p = 0.05).

Results

The postoperative salivary level of SP was significantly lower than the preoperative level (p = 0.005). However, the postoperative salivary level of CGRP was similar to the preoperative level (p = 0.932). Visual analog scale (VAS) scores of patients' subjective pain were found to be positively correlated with salivary levels of SP (r = 0.421; p = 0.040). No statistically significant correlations were observed between salivary levels of CGRP and VAS scores for patients' subjective percussion tenderness (p = 0.533) or VAS scores for patients' subjective pain (p = 0.459).

Conclusions

According to the results of the present study, salivary SP levels may be used as an objective indicator in the diagnosis and assessment of the degree of pain in endodontic diseases.

Trial Registration

Thai Clinical Trials Registry Identifier: TCTR20161228001

Citations

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Gingival crevicular fluid levels of neurokinin A and substance P in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Dax Abraham, Arundeep Singh, Anjana Goyal
Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry.2023; 13(4): 307. CrossRef
Nociceptor–Macrophage Interactions in Apical Periodontitis: How Biomolecules Link Inflammation with Pain
Nandita Menon, Anil Kishen
Biomolecules.2023; 13(8): 1193. CrossRef
Quantitative analysis of culturable bacteria, levels of endotoxins, inflammatory mediators and substance P in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and in teeth with vital normal pulp tissues
R. Arruda‐Vasconcelos, V. M. Chiarelli‐Neto, L. M. Louzada, E. Aveiro, E. G. Alves‐Silva, A. de‐Jesus‐Soares, C. C. R. Ferraz, J. F. A. Almeida, M. A. Marciano, V. G. A. Pecorari, B. P. F. A. Gomes
International Endodontic Journal.2023; 56(7): 827. CrossRef

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Case Report

Endodontic approach in a replanted tooth with an immature root apex and chronic apical periodontitis: a case report: Graziela Garrido Mori, Bruna Souza Andrade, Marina Bardelli Araujo; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(3):e29. Published online May 21, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e29

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

This study describes the clinical steps taken in the treatment of a patient who had an avulsed right upper central incisor that presented with incomplete root development and chronic apical periodontitis. A 7-year-old boy was referred from a private dentist to a dental office specializing in endodontics. The tooth had remained in a dry environment for 20 minutes, and tooth replantation was performed at an emergency appointment. After clinical and radiographic examinations, root canal decontamination was performed, followed by several changes in intracanal calcium hydroxide medication. Blood clot formation was attempted, but bleeding within the root canal was insufficient; therefore, we opted for an intracanal medication change to stimulate mineralized tissue formation in the apical region. Root obturation was performed 45 days after the last change of intracanal medication, and clinical, radiographic, and tomographic follow-up examinations were performed at 3, 6, 18, and 40 months after the endodontic intervention. The increase in thickness and length of the root structure and the absence of root resorption were verified through follow-up examinations. Therefore, it was concluded that the procedures used were successful for tooth replantation.

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The Impact of the Preferred Reporting Items for Case Reports in Endodontics (PRICE) 2020 Guidelines on the Reporting of Endodontic Case Reports
Sofian Youssef, Phillip Tomson, Amir Reza Akbari, Natalie Archer, Fayjel Shah, Jasmeet Heran, Sunmeet Kandhari, Sandeep Pai, Shivakar Mehrotra, Joanna M Batt
Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

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Research Articles

Effect of QMix irrigant in removal of smear layer in root canal system: a systematic review of in vitro studies: Margaret Soo Yee Chia, Abhishek Parolia, Benjamin Syek Hur Lim, Jayakumar Jayaraman, Isabel Cristina Celerino de Moraes Porto; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(3):e28. Published online May 21, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e28

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

To evaluate the outcome of in vitro studies comparing the effectiveness of QMix irrigant in removing the smear layer in the root canal system compared with other irrigants.

Materials and Methods

The research question was developed by using Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome and Study design framework. Literature search was performed using 3 electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCOhost until October 2019. Two reviewers were independently involved in the selection of the articles and data extraction process. Risk of bias of the studies was independently appraised using revised Cochrane Risk of Bias tool (RoB 2.0) based on 5 domains.

Results

Thirteen studies fulfilled the selection criteria. The overall risk of bias was moderate. QMix was found to have better smear layer removal ability than mixture of tetracycline isonomer, an acid and a detergent (MTAD), sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), and phytic acid. The efficacy was less effective than 7% maleic acid and 10% citric acid. No conclusive results could be drawn between QMix and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid due to conflicting results. QMix was more effective when used for 3 minutes than 1 minute.

Conclusions

QMix has better smear layer removal ability compared to MTAD, NaOCl, Tubulicid Plus, and Phytic acid. In order to remove the smear layer more effectively with QMix, it is recommended to use it for a longer duration.

Citations

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Biological and chemical properties of new multi-functional root canal irrigants
Nidambur Vasudev Ballal, Rajkumar Narkedamalli, Padmaja A Shenoy, Shubhankar Das, Saravana Karthikeyan Balasubramanian, Jothi Varghese, Herman Sunil Dsouza, Kevin Epps, Theodroe Ravenel, Franklin R. Tay
Journal of Dentistry.2025; 153: 105551. CrossRef
Chitosan’s Ability to Remove the Smear Layer—A Systematic Review of Ex Vivo Studies
Ana Ferreira-Reguera, Inês Ferreira, Irene Pina-Vaz, Benjamín Martín-Biedma, José Martín-Cruces
Medicina.2025; 61(1): 114. CrossRef
The advancement in irrigation solution within the field of endodontics, A Review
Fatima Fahad , Raghad A Al-Hashimi , Munther J Hussain
Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry.2024; 36(1): 54. CrossRef
The effect of final irrigation with different solutions on smear layer removal and dentin erosion: A scanning electron microscope study
Mohammed AlBatati, Ammar AbuMostafa, Miriam Fatima Zaccaro Scelza
PLOS ONE.2024; 19(8): e0308606. CrossRef
Effect of QMix as final irrigation protocol on periapical healing after single‐visit root canal treatment: A randomised controlled clinical trial
Cemre Sapmaz Ucan, Aysin Dumani, Ilker Unal, Sehnaz Yilmaz, Oguz Yoldas
Australian Endodontic Journal.2023; 49(S1): 113. CrossRef
Effectiveness of Different Final Irrigation Procedures on Enterococcus faecalis Infected Root Canals: An In Vitro Evaluation
Sanda Ileana Cîmpean, Ioana-Sofia Pop-Ciutrila, Sebastian-Roberto Matei, Ioana Alina Colosi, Carmen Costache, Gheorghe Zsolt Nicula, Iulia Clara Badea, Loredana Colceriu Burtea
Materials.2022; 15(19): 6688. CrossRef
Evaluation of a Novel Tool for Apical Plug Formation during Apexification of Immature Teeth
Yasser Alsayed Tolibah, Line Droubi, Saleh Alkurdi, Mohammad Tamer Abbara, Nada Bshara, Thuraya Lazkani, Chaza Kouchaji, Ibrahim Ali Ahmad, Ziad D. Baghdadi
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(9): 5304. CrossRef
Influence of chelating solutions on tubular dentin sealer penetration: A systematic review with network meta‐analysis
Felipe de Souza Matos, Camila Maria Peres de Rosatto, Thaís Christina Cunha, Maria Tereza Campos Vidigal, Cauane Blumenberg, Luiz Renato Paranhos, Camilla Christian Gomes Moura
Australian Endodontic Journal.2021; 47(3): 715. CrossRef

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Antimicrobial efficacy of QMix on Enterococcus faecalis infected root canals: a systematic review of in vitro studies: Benjamin Syek Hur Lim, Abhishek Parolia, Margaret Soo Yee Chia, Jayakumar Jayaraman, Venkateshbabu Nagendrababu; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(2):e23. Published online March 11, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e23

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This study aimed to summarize the outcome of in vitro studies comparing the antibacterial effectiveness of QMix with other irrigants against Enterococcus faecalis.

Materials and Methods

The research question was developed by using population, intervention, comparison, outcome, and study design framework. The literature search was performed using 3 electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCOhost until October 2019. The additional hand search was performed from the reference list of the eligible studies. The risk of bias of the studies was independently appraised using the revised Cochrane Risk of Bias tool (RoB 2.0).

Results

Fourteen studies were included in this systematic review. The overall risk of bias for the selected studies was moderate. QMix was found to have a higher antimicrobial activity compared to 2% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), mixture of tetracycline isonomer, an acid and a detergent (MTAD), 0.2% Cetrimide, SilverSol/H2O2, HYBENX, and grape seed extract (GSE). QMix had higher antibacterial efficacy compared to NaOCl, only when used for a longer time (10 minutes) and with higher volume (above 3 mL).

Conclusions

QMix has higher antibacterial activity than 17% EDTA, 2% CHX, MTAD, 0.2% Cetrimide, SilverSol/H2O2, HYBENX, GSE and NaOCl with lower concentration. To improve the effectiveness, QMix is to use for a longer time and at a higher volume.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews Identifier: CRD42018096763

Citations

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Smear layer removal and antimicrobial efficacy of chitosan as a root canal irrigant: a systematic review of in-vitro studies
Karthikeyan Anbalagan, Amit Jena, Saumyakanta Mohanty, Rashmirekha Mallick, Govind Shashirekha, Priyanka Sarangi
Odontology.2025; 113(1): 61. CrossRef
Limosilactobacillus Fermentun ZS09 Can Improve Antibiotic-Induced Motor Dysfunction in Mice by Regulating the Brain–Gut Functions
Yang Yang, Yuanji Zhao, Huan Lei, Xiaohong Tan
Journal of Inflammation Research.2024; Volume 17: 10093. CrossRef
Regulation of colon injury and improvement of exercise performance in exhausted running mice by Lactobacillus pentosus CQZC02
Limin Cai, Beibei Wang
Frontiers in Physiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
A Local Desiccant Antimicrobial Agent as an Alternative to Adjunctive Antibiotics in the Treatment of Periodontitis: A Narrative Review
Iulia C. Micu, Alexandrina Muntean, Alexandra Roman, Ștefan I. Stratul, Emöke Pall, Andreea Ciurea, Andrada Soancă, Marius Negucioiu, Lucian Barbu Tudoran, Ada G. Delean
Antibiotics.2023; 12(3): 456. CrossRef
An in-vitro analysis to evaluate the disinfection effectiveness of Cold Atmospheric Pressure (CAP) plasma jet in Enterococcus faecalis infected root canals
Pravin Kumar, P. Soundharrajan, Ram Prakash, Sarika Prabhakar Kombade, Pankaj Yadav, Ankita Chugh, Arun Kumar Patnana
Biomaterial Investigations in Dentistry.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of two graphene derivatives on Enterococcus faecalis biofilms and cytotoxicity
Mi-Ah KIM, Vinicius ROSA, Kyung-San MIN
Dental Materials Journal.2023; 42(2): 211. CrossRef
Antibacterial Activity of Endodontic Gutta-Percha—A Systematic Review
Jakub Kowalski, Joanna Rygas, Karolina Homa, Wojciech Dobrzyński, Rafal J. Wiglusz, Jacek Matys, Maciej Dobrzyński
Applied Sciences.2023; 14(1): 388. CrossRef
Evaluation of the Antibacterial Efficacy of QMix and AgNP Solutions in Root Canals of Primary Molars: An In-Vitro Study
Dania Alkhourbotly, Mohamed K Altinawi, Rouaida Abou-Samra, Hasan M Alzoubi, Abedulrahman K Ebrahim
Cureus.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Microbiological Aspects of Root Canal Infections and Disinfection Strategies: An Update Review on the Current Knowledge and Challenges
Jasmine Wong, Daniel Manoil, Peggy Näsman, Georgios N. Belibasakis, Prasanna Neelakantan
Frontiers in Oral Health.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

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Review Article

Age-dependent root canal instrumentation techniques: a comprehensive narrative review: Michael Solomonov, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Avi Hadad, Dan Henry Levy, Joe Ben Itzhak, Oleg Levinson, Hadas Azizi; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(2):e21. Published online March 4, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e21

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The aim of this article was to review age-dependent clinical recommendations for appropriate root canal instrumentation techniques. A comprehensive narrative review of canal morphology, the structural characteristics of dentin, and endodontic outcomes at different ages was undertaken instead of a systematic review. An electronic literature search was carried out, including the Medline (Ovid), PubMed, and Web of Science databases. The searches used controlled vocabulary and free-text terms, as follows: ‘age-related root canal treatment,’ ‘age-related instrumentation,’ ‘age-related chemo-mechanical preparation,’ ‘age-related endodontic clinical recommendations,’ ‘root canal instrumentation at different ages,’ ‘geriatric root canal treatment,’ and ‘pediatric root canal treatment.’ Due to the lack of literature with practical age-based clinical recommendations for an appropriate root canal instrumentation technique, a narrative review was conducted to suggest a clinical algorithm for choosing the most appropriate instrumentation technique during root canal treatment. Based on the evidence found through the narrative review, an age-related clinical algorithm for choosing appropriate instrumentation during root canal treatment was proposed. Age affects the morphology of the root canal system and the structural characteristics of dentin. The clinician’s awareness of root canal morphology and dentin characteristics can influence the choice of instruments for root canal treatment.

Citations

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Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Challenges Faced by Undergraduate Dental Students During Root Canal Treatment (RCT) and the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients After RCT
Mubashir Baig Mirza, Abdullah Bajran Almuteb, Abdulaziz Tariq Alsheddi, Qamar Hashem, Mohammed Ali Abuelqomsan, Ahmed AlMokhatieb, Shahad AlBader, Abdullah AlShehri
Medicina.2025; 61(2): 215. CrossRef
Assessment of Anatomical Dentin Thickness in Mandibular First Molar: An In Vivo Cone‐Beam Computed Tomographic Study
Sahil Choudhari, Kavalipurapu Venkata Teja, Sindhu Ramesh, Jerry Jose, Mariangela Cernera, Parisa Soltani, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da Silva, Gianrico Spagnuolo, Ricardo Danil Guiraldo
International Journal of Dentistry.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Oral Health Concerns of the ‘Sunset Age’
Pradnya V. Kakodkar, Amandeep Kaur, Shivasakthy Manivasakan, Sounyala Rayannavar, Revati Deshmukh, Smita Athavale
Journal of Medical Evidence.2023; 4(2): 141. CrossRef
Root canal treatment of a six-canal first mandibular molar with extensive periapical lesion: A case report
Xin Li, Shuyu Sun, Tengyi Zheng
Medicine.2023; 102(30): e34336. CrossRef
Endodontic Dentistry: Analysis of Dentinal Stress and Strain Development during Shaping of Curved Root Canals
Laura Iosif, Bogdan Dimitriu, Dan Florin Niţoi, Oana Amza
Healthcare.2023; 11(22): 2918. CrossRef
Mechanisms of age-related changes in the morphology of the pulp system of the first lower molars
N.B. Petrukhina, O.A. Zorina, V.A. Venediktova
Stomatologiya.2022; 101(2): 19. CrossRef

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Case Report

A case report of multiple bilateral dens invaginatus in maxillary anteriors: Shin Hye Chung, You-Jeong Hwang, Sung-Yeop You, Young-Hye Hwang, Soram Oh; Restor Dent Endod 2019;44(4):e39. Published online October 21, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2019.44.e39

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The present report presents a case of dens invaginatus (DI) in a patient with 4 maxillary incisors. A 24-year-old female complained of swelling of the maxillary left anterior region and discoloration of the maxillary left anterior tooth. The maxillary left lateral incisor (tooth #22) showed pulp necrosis and a chronic apical abscess, and a periapical X-ray demonstrated DI on bilateral maxillary central and lateral incisors. All teeth responded to a vitality test, except tooth #22. The anatomic form of tooth #22 was similar to that of tooth #12, and both teeth had lingual pits. In addition, panoramic and periapical X-rays demonstrated root canal calcification, such as pulp stones, in the maxillary canines, first and second premolars, and the mandibular incisors, canines, and first premolars bilaterally. The patient underwent root canal treatment of tooth #22 and non-vital tooth bleaching. After a temporary filling material was removed, the invaginated mass was removed using ultrasonic tips under an operating microscope. The working length was established, and the root canal was enlarged up to #50 apical size and obturated with gutta-percha and AH 26 sealer using the continuous wave of condensation technique. Finally, non-vital bleaching was performed, and the access cavity was filled with composite resin.

Citations

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Endodontic Management of Dens in Dente – A Systematic Review of Case Reports and Case Series
Sanket Dilip Aras, Anamika Chetan Borkar, Sonal Kale, Sayali Maral, Prakriti Jaggi, Shailendra Sonawane
Journal of the International Clinical Dental Research Organization.2024; 16(1): 17. CrossRef
Dens invaginatus of fourteen teeth in a pediatric patient
Momoko Usuda, Tatsuya Akitomo, Mariko Kametani, Satoru Kusaka, Chieko Mitsuhata, Ryota Nomura
Pediatric Dental Journal.2023; 33(3): 240. CrossRef
The Impact of the Preferred Reporting Items for Case Reports in Endodontics (PRICE) 2020 Guidelines on the Reporting of Endodontic Case Reports
Sofian Youssef, Phillip Tomson, Amir Reza Akbari, Natalie Archer, Fayjel Shah, Jasmeet Heran, Sunmeet Kandhari, Sandeep Pai, Shivakar Mehrotra, Joanna M Batt
Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Root Maturation of an Immature Dens Invaginatus Despite Unsuccessful Revitalization Procedure: A Case Report and Recommendations for Educational Purposes
Julia Ludwig, Marcel Reymus, Alexander Winkler, Sebastian Soliman, Ralf Krug, Gabriel Krastl
Dentistry Journal.2023; 11(2): 47. CrossRef
Conservative Management of Infraorbital Space Infection Secondary to Type III B Dens Invaginatus: A Case Report
Ashima Goyal, Aditi Kapur, Manoj A Jaiswal, Gauba Krishan, Raja Raghu, Sanjeev K Singh
Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, Education and Research.2022; 56(4): 192. CrossRef

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Research Articles

Comparison of postoperative pain intensity after using reciprocating and continuous rotary glide path systems: a randomized clinical trial: Mehmet Adıgüzel, Koray Yılmaz, Pelin Tüfenkçi; Restor Dent Endod 2019;44(1):e9. Published online February 12, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2019.44.e9

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Objectives

The aim of this study was to compare postoperative pain intensity after root canal treatment with One G (OG) vs. R-Pilot (RP) files used for glide path preparation.

Materials and Methods

Ninety-three single-canaled mandibular premolar teeth with asymptomatic non-vital pulp were randomly assigned into 3 groups (n = 31): OG, RP, or without glide path (WGP). After creating the glide path, the root canals were prepared using sequential Mtwo rotary files to size 30/0.05. One endodontic specialist carried out single-visit endodontic treatment. The patients were asked to rate the severity of postoperative pain on a visual analogue scale at 24, 48, and 72 hours after the visit. They were also asked to record their intake of prescribed analgesics taken. The data were analyzed using the χ², Friedman, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney U tests.

Results

In all 3 groups, postoperative pain decreased significantly at each time interval (p < 0.05). At 24 hours, the OG group had less postoperative pain than the WGP group (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference was found between the RP group and the others. No statistically significant difference was found among the WGP, OG, and RP groups in postoperative pain intensity at 48 or 72 hours or in analgesic tablet intake at the 3 assessed time intervals.

Conclusions

The OG group had less postoperative pain than the WGP group in the first 24 hours. The OG and RP systems were similar regarding postoperative pain intensity and analgesic intake.

Citations

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Postoperative pain in patients following endodontic treatment by XP-endo Shaper files: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Henal Nilesh Dedhia, Vibha R. Hegde, Maitri B. Bhayani, Sanitra R. Hegde
Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.2024; 27(11): 1168. CrossRef
Postoperative Pain Following Single Visit Root Canal Treatment With Reciproc Blue And Hyflex EDM Instrumentation; A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial
Nimet Gençoğlu, Anıl Özgün Karatekin, Mustafa Gündoğar
Meandros Medical And Dental Journal.2024; 25(1): 78. CrossRef
Glide Path in Endodontics: A Literature Review of Current Knowledge
Vlad Mircea Lup, Giulia Malvicini, Carlo Gaeta, Simone Grandini, Gabriela Ciavoi
Dentistry Journal.2024; 12(8): 257. CrossRef
Post-Operative Pain in Reciprocating Versus Rotary Kinematics Post-Endodontic Treatment: A Systematic Review
Youssef Algarni
Archives of Pharmacy Practice.2024; 15(2): 53. CrossRef
Evaluation of Pain Following the Use of Different Single-file Glide Path Systems: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Zeliha Danaci, Kübra Yeşildal Yeter
Journal of Endodontics.2024; 50(2): 120. CrossRef
Incidence of postoperative pain after using single continuous, single reciprocating, and full sequence continuous rotary file system: a prospective randomized clinical trial
Umesh Kumar, Pragnesh Parmar, Ruchi Vashisht, Namita Tandon, Charan Kamal Kaur
Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine.2023; 23(2): 91. CrossRef
Impact of kinematics on the efficiency and safety of an engine-driven file for glide path preparation in MB2 canals of maxillary molars
Larissa B. B. Araújo, Pedro H. S. Calefi, Murilo P. Alcalde, Giulio Gavini, Rodrigo R. Vivan, Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte
Clinical Oral Investigations.2022; 27(3): 1153. CrossRef
Evaluation of Postoperative Pain after Pulpectomy using Different File Systems in Primary Teeth
Lakshimi Lakshmanan, Sujatha Somasundaram, Ganesh Jeevanandan, EMG Subramanian
Contemporary Clinical Dentistry.2021; 12(1): 3. CrossRef
Evaluation of type of kinematics on glide path procedures and torsional fatigue resistance after preparation of moderately curved canals
Murilo Priori Alcalde, Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte, Pedro Henrique Souza Calefi, Victor de Moraes Cruz, Bruno Carvalho de Vasconcelos, Marcus Vinícius Reis Só, Rodrigo Ricci Vivan
Brazilian Oral Research.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Influence of glide path kinematics during endodontic treatment on the occurrence and intensity of intraoperative and postoperative pain: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials
Thaís Christina Cunha, Felipe de Souza Matos, Luiz Renato Paranhos, Ítalo de Macedo Bernardino, Camilla Christian Gomes Moura
BMC Oral Health.2020;[Epub] CrossRef

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The top 10 most-cited articles on the management of fractured instruments: a bibliometric analysis: Lora Mishra, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Naomi Ranjan Singh, Priti Pragati Rath; Restor Dent Endod 2019;44(1):e2. Published online December 26, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2019.44.e2

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Objectives

The purpose of this research was to identify the top 10 most-cited articles on the management of fractured or broken instruments and to perform a bibliometric analysis thereof.

Materials and Methods

Published articles related to fractured instruments were screened from online databases, such as Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and ScienceDirect, and highly cited papers, with at least 50 citations since publication, were identified. The most-cited articles were selected and analysed with regard to publication title, authorship, the journal of publication, year, institution, country of origin, article type, and number of citations.

Results

The top 10 most-cited articles were from various journals. Most were published in the Journal of Endodontics, followed by the International Endodontic Journal, and Dental Traumatology. The leading countries were Australia, Israel, Switzerland, the USA, and Germany, and the leading institution was the University of Melbourne. The majority of articles among the top 10 articles were clinical research studies (n = 8), followed by a basic research article and a non-systematic review article.

Conclusions

This bibliometric analysis revealed interesting information about scientific progress in endodontics regarding fractured instruments. Overall, clinical research studies and basic research articles published in high-impact endodontic journals had the highest citation rates.

Citations

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A Bibliometric Analysis of the 100 Top-Cited Articles on Vertical Root Fractures
Pillai Arun Gopinathan , Ikram UI Haq, Nawaf Alfahad, Saleh Alwatban, Abdullah Alghamdi, Amal Alamri, Kiran Iyer
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Predictive factors in the retrieval of endodontic instruments: the relationship between the fragment length and location
Ricardo Portigliatti, Eugenia Pilar Consoli Lizzi, Pablo Alejandro Rodríguez
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
A bibliometric analysis of the top 100 most‐cited case reports and case series in Endodontic journals
Venkateshbabu Nagendrababu, Jelena Jacimovic, Aleksandar Jakovljevic, Giampiero Rossi‐Fedele, Paul M. H. Dummer
International Endodontic Journal.2022; 55(3): 185. CrossRef
The Most Highly Cited Publications on Basketball Originate From English-Speaking Countries, Are Published After 2000, Are Focused on Medicine-Related Topics, and Are Level III Evidence
Zachary D. Griffin, Jordan R. Pollock, M. Lane Moore, Kade S. McQuivey, Jaymeson R. Arthur, Anikar Chhabra
Arthroscopy, Sports Medicine, and Rehabilitation.2022; 4(3): e891. CrossRef
Ten years of minimally invasive access cavities in Endodontics: a bibliometric analysis of the 25 most-cited studies
Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva, Karem Paula Pinto, Natasha C. Ajuz, Luciana Moura Sassone
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Publication trends in micro‐CT endodontic research: a bibliometric analysis over a 25‐year period
U. Aksoy, M. Küçük, M. A. Versiani, K. Orhan
International Endodontic Journal.2021; 54(3): 343. CrossRef

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Case Reports

Radix mesiolingualis and radix distolingualis: a case report of a tooth with an unusual morphology: Gurudutt Nayak, Himanshu Aeran, Inderpreet Singh; Restor Dent Endod 2016;41(4):322-331. Published online July 14, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2016.41.4.322

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Variation in the root and canal morphology of the maxillary first molars is quite common. The most common configuration is 3 roots and 3 or 4 canals. Nonetheless, other possibilities still exist. The presence of an additional palatal root is rather uncommon and has been reported to have an incidence of 0.06 - 1.6% in varying populations studied. Whenever two palatal roots exist, one of them is the normal palatal root, the other is a supernumerary structure which can be located either mesiolingually (radix mesiolingualis) or distolingually (radix distolingualis). This case report describes successful endodontic treatment of a maxillary first molar with radix mesiolingualis and radix distolingualis. Identification of this variation was done through clinical examination along with the aid of multiangled radiographs, and an accurate assessment of this morphology was made with the help of a cone-beam computed tomography imaging. In addition to the literature review, this article also discusses the epidemiology, classifications, morphometric features, guidelines for diagnosis, and endodontic management of a maxillary first molar with extra-palatal root.

Citations

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Four-Rooted Maxillary First Molars: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Gabriel Magnucki, Sven V. K. Mietling, Sreekanth Kumar Mallineni
International Journal of Dentistry.2021; 2021: 1. CrossRef

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Misdiagnosis of florid cemento-osseous dysplasia leading to unnecessary root canal treatment: a case report: Jong-Ki Huh, Su-Jung Shin; Restor Dent Endod 2013;38(3):160-166. Published online August 23, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2013.38.3.160

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This case report demonstrates an unnecessary endodontic treatment of teeth with florid cemento-osseous dysplasia (FCOD) due to a misdiagnosis as periapical pathosis and emphasizes the importance of correct diagnosis to avoid unnecessary treatment. A 30-year-old woman was referred to our institution for apicoectomies of the mandibular left canine and both the lateral incisors. The periapical lesions associated with these teeth had failed to resolve after root canal treatment over a 3-year period. Radiographic examinations revealed multiple lesions on the right canine, the second premolar, and both first molars as well as the anterior region of the mandible. Based on clinical, radiographic and histological evaluations, the patient condition was diagnosed as FCOD. The patient has been monitored for 2 years. To avoid unnecessary invasive treatment, accurate diagnosis is essential before treatment is carried out in managing FCOD.

Citations

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Periapical cemento‐osseous dysplasia masquerading as asymptomatic chronic apical periodontitis in a Chinese woman: A case report
Yunjing Ma, Dong Fang, Mei Ji
Clinical Case Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Benign Fibro-Osseous Lesions of The Jaw: A Retrospective Analysis
Saim Yanık, Mehmet Emrah Polat
European Journal of Therapeutics.2024; 30(5): 760. CrossRef
Radiological follow-up of cemento-osseous dysplasia on cone-beam computed tomography
Stefan F. Nemec, Steffen Schneider, Klaus M. Friedrich, Michael Weber, Ursula Schwarz-Nemec
Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery.2024; 52(5): 644. CrossRef
Cemento osseous dysplasia(COD) of the mandibular teeth misdiagnosed as periapical lesion; cone beam CT-based case report
Won-Jeong Han
The Journal of The Korean Dental Association.2024; 62(7): 432. CrossRef
Surgical Management of Infection Secondary to Cemento-osseous Dysplasia
Farin Ebrahimi, Faraz Ebrahimi, Jingang An
Journal of Craniofacial Surgery.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Florid osseous dysplasia mimicking odontogenic infections: A report of two cases and literature review
A. Wajdi Bin Mohammed, Mohammed Mubarak Aldosari, Osama A. Alharbi, Ahmed Alzahrani, Abdullah M. Alsoghier
Saudi Journal of Oral Sciences.2023; 10(3): 195. CrossRef
Radiolucent lesions that may resemble inflammatory periapical lesions: A review article
Hamad Albagieh, Mohammed Aldosari, Abdulmajeed Alkhathlan, Nawaf Alfawaz, Mohammed Almutairi
The Saudi Dental Journal.2023; 35(8): 916. CrossRef
Cemento-Osseous Dysplasia: A Detailed Comparison of the 2005 and 2017 WHO Classifications and Case Analysis
Jiankang Zhang, Yunbo Yu, Wei Tang, Jian Pan, Wei Jing
Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The bony changes after mandibular incisors retraction on a severe skeletal Class II bimaxillary protrusion extraction patient with periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia
Huijuan Wang, Yiwen Zhou, Baochao Li, Ling Huang, Huang Li
AJO-DO Clinical Companion.2022; 2(5): 496. CrossRef
Cemento-ossøs dysplasi – en diagnostisk utfordring
Stig Løvold, Sivakami Rethnam Haug
Den norske tannlegeforenings Tidende.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
A retrospective cone beam computed tomography analysis of cemento-osseous dysplasia
Birsay Gumru, Melda Pelin Akkitap, Sevilay Deveci, Ender Idman
Journal of Dental Sciences.2021; 16(4): 1154. CrossRef
Florid Cemento-osseous Dysplasia: A Report of Two Cases and Literature Review
Prashanth Panta, Imran Shahid, Mukund Seshadri
The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice.2021; 22(3): 304. CrossRef
Natural history of florid osseous dysplasia of the jaws with important clinical implications
Camile S. Farah, Marie Anne T. Matias
Australian Endodontic Journal.2021; 47(3): 684. CrossRef
Clinical assessment of cemento‐osseous dysplasia based on three‐dimensional diagnostic imaging: A case report
Naoki Shibata, Kyoko Inamoto, Munetaka Naitoh, Eiichiro Ariji
Australian Endodontic Journal.2021; 47(1): 105. CrossRef
Odontogenic Cysts
Arvind Babu Rajendra Santosh
Dental Clinics of North America.2020; 64(1): 105. CrossRef
Difficulties in the diagnosis of periapical translucencies and in the classification of cemento-osseous dysplasia
Andrea Brody, Attila Zalatnai, Krisztian Csomo, Andrea Belik, Csaba Dobo-Nagy
BMC Oral Health.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Florid Cemento-Osseous Dysplasia of Osteolytic Stage Showing Cyst-Like Findings on CT and MRI: A Case Report
Kotaro Ito, Naohisa Hirahara, Norihito Iizuka, Eri Sawada, Shunya Okada, Masaaki Suemitsu, Kayo Kuyama, Takashi Kaneda
International Journal of Oral-Medical Sciences.2019; 17(3-4): 137. CrossRef
Oral management of a patient with cemento-osseous dysplasia: a case report
Camila de Nazaré Alves de Oliveira KATO, Juliana Diogo de Almeida SAMPAIO, Tânia Mara Pimenta do AMARAL, Lucas Guimarães ABREU, Cláudia Borges BRASILEIRO, Ricardo Alves MESQUITA
RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Retrospective Study of 383 Cases of Fibro-Osseous Lesions of the Jaws
Camila de Nazaré Alves de Oliveira Kato, Laiz Fernandes Mendes Nunes, Loliza Luiz Figueiredo Houri Chalub, Adriana Etges, Tarcília Aparecida Silva, Ricardo Alves Mesquita
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.2018; 76(11): 2348. CrossRef
Successful Implant Placement in a Case of Florid Cemento-Osseous Dysplasia: A Case Report and Literature Review
Nasrin Esfahanizadeh, Hila Yousefi
Journal of Oral Implantology.2018; 44(4): 275. CrossRef
Recurrent symptomatic cemento-osseous dysplasia: A case report
Chang-Ki Min, Kwang-Joon Koh, Kyoung-A Kim
Imaging Science in Dentistry.2018; 48(2): 131. CrossRef
Cemento-Osseous Dysplasias: Imaging Features Based on Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scans
Paulo Henrique Pereira Cavalcanti, Eduarda Helena Leandro Nascimento, Maria Luiza dos Anjos Pontual, Andréa dos Anjos Pontual, Priscylla Gonçalves Correia Leite de Marcelos, Danyel Elias da Cruz Perez, Flávia Maria de Moraes Ramos-Perez
Brazilian Dental Journal.2018; 29(1): 99. CrossRef
Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia: a contraindication to orthodontic treatment in compromised areas
Alberto Consolaro, Sergio Rafael Baggio Paschoal, Jose Burgos Ponce, Dario A. Oliveira Miranda
Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics.2018; 23(3): 26. CrossRef
Clinical, demographic, and radiographic analysis of 82 patients affected by florid osseous dysplasia: an international collaborative study
Débora Lima Pereira, Fábio Ramôa Pires, Márcio Ajudarte Lopes, Román Carlos, John Marshal Wright, Paras Patel, Willie van Heerden, Andre Uys, Pablo Agustin Vargas
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology.2016; 122(2): 250. CrossRef
Cone beam CT as an aid to diagnosing mixed radiopaque radiolucent lesions in the mandibular incisor region
Unni Krishnan, Manal Al Maslamani, Alex J Moule
BMJ Case Reports.2015; : bcr2014207617. CrossRef
Benign Fibro-Osseous Lesions of the Craniofacial Area in Children and Adolescents: A Review
D.V. Rogozhin, F. Bertoni, D. Vanel, M. Gambarotti, A. Righi, I.V. Bulycheva, D.M. Konovalov, A.G. Talalaev, V.Yu. Roshin, A.P. Ektova, M.V. Bolotin, A.V. Lopatin
Arkhiv patologii.2015; 77(4): 63. CrossRef
Dysplasie osseuse floride mandibulaire : un cas de découverte fortuite et revue de la littérature
Eugénie Massereau, Ugo Ordioni, Maud Guivarc’h, Guillaume Royer, Jean-Hugues Catherine
Médecine Buccale Chirurgie Buccale.2015; 21(2): 101. CrossRef

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Original Article

The effect of calcium hydroxide on post-treatment pain: Wook Nam, Sang-Hyuk Park, Gi-Woon Choi; J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2006;31(2):86-95. Published online March 31, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2006.31.2.086

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

The purpose of this clinical study is to assess whether calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medication affects post-treatment pain in teeth especially odontogenic pain which comes from inflammation of the pulp and periradicular tissues when compared with no intracanal medication.

From 213 patients who has been treated 237 root canals due to significant pain (moderate-to-severe), we recorded their age, sex, treated tooth, degree of pain, pre-operative states of the tooth. We classified patients into 2 test group; Group 1 (not gain intracanal Ca(OH)₂), Group 2 (gain intracanal Ca(OH)₂). Through the survey from the patients, we let them write down the occurrence and degree of post-treatment pain in 4hours, 2days, 7days after treatment as none, mild, moderate or severe. The followings were evaluated; the overall incidence of flare-ups, the overall incidence of post-treatment pain in each group at each time period, the incidence of post-treatment pain in each group at each time period as related to pre-operative states of the teeth. These were compared statistically with Chi-square analysis (p < 0.05).

Under the condition of this investigation, no difference was observed in the incidence of post-treatment pain between the two groups. Therefore, Ca(OH)₂ as intracanal medication had no effect on preventing or decreasing the post-treatment pain.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Calcium hydroxide intracanal medication effects on pain and flare-up: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Ahmed Mohamed Ibrahim, Siza Yacoub Zakhary, Suzan Abdul Wanees Amin
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Intra-canal medication containing silver nanoparticle versus calcium hydroxide in reducing postoperative pain: A randomized clinical trial
Fatma El Zahraa El Abbasy, Salsabyl Ibrahim, Olfat Shaker, Geraldine Ahmed
F1000Research.2018; 7: 1949. CrossRef
A Comparison of the irrigation systems in calcium hydroxide removal
Jae-Seung Eun, Se-Hee Park, Kyung-Mo Cho, Jin-Woo Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2009; 34(6): 508. CrossRef

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