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HOME > Restor Dent Endod > Volume 28(6); 2003 > Article
Original Article Antibacterial effect of polyphosphate on endodontopathic bacteria
Jeong-Hee Shin, Sang-Jin Park, Gi-Woon Choi
2003;28(6):-448.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2003.28.6.435
Published online: November 30, 2003

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Corresponding author (gwchoi@khu.ac.kr)

Copyright © 2003 Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry

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  • This study was performed to observe the antibacterial effect of polyphosphate (polyP) with various chain lengths (P3~P75) on virulent, invasive strains of P. gingivalis A7A1-28 and W50, and multidrug resistant E. faecalis ATCC29212. P. gingivalis strains were grown in brain-heart infusion broth (BHI) containing hemin and vitamin K with or without polyP. PolyP was added at the very beginning of the culture or during the exponential growth phase of the culture. Inhibition of the growth of P. gingivalis was determined by measuring the absorbancy at 540nm of the grown cells. Viable cell counts of the culture and release of intracellular nucleotide from P. gingivalis were measured. E. faecalis was grown in plain BHI with antibiotics alone or in combination with polyP(calgon; 0.1~1.0%) and the bacterial absorbancy was measured.
    The overall results suggest that polyP has a strong antibacterial effect on the growth of the virulent strains of P. gingivalis and the antibacterial activity of polyP seems largely bactericidal, accompanying bacteriolysis in which chelation phenomenon is not involved. Although polyP does not exert antibacterial activity against E. faecalis, it appears to increase antibacterial effect of erythromycin and tetracycline on the bacterium. Therefore, polyP alone or in combination with antibiotics may be developed as a candidate for the agent controlling oral infections including endodontic infection.
  • Keywords: Endodontopathic bacteria; Polyphosphate; Antibacterial effect; P. gingivalis; E. faecalis; Calgon
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Fig. 1
Inhibitory effect of polyP with various chain lengths(P3~P75) on the growth of P. gingivalis A7A1-28
jkacd-28-435-g001.jpg
Fig. 2
Inhibitory effect of polyP with various chain lengths(P3~P75) on the growth of P. gingivalis W50
jkacd-28-435-g002.jpg
Fig. 3
A change in the growth of P. ginvivalis A7A1-28 with polyP75 added in the early exponential phase
jkacd-28-435-g003.jpg
Fig. 4
A change in the growth of P. ginvivalis W50 with polyP75 added in the early exponential phase
jkacd-28-435-g004.jpg
Fig. 5
The viable cell counts of P. ginvivalis A7A1-28 in the presence of polyP75
jkacd-28-435-g005.jpg
Fig. 6
The viable cell counts P. ginvivalis W50 in the presence of polyP75
jkacd-28-435-g006.jpg
Table 1
Leakage of intracellular nucleotide from P. gingivalis A7A1-28 in the presence of polyP75a

a; Cells grown up to their optical density of 0.6 at 540 nm were further incubated with various reagents alone or in combination and then intracellular nucleotide release from the cells was determined by measuring the absorbance at 260 nm.

jkacd-28-435-i001.jpg
Table 2
Leakage of intracellular nucleotide from P. gingivalis W50 in the presence of polyP75a

a; Cells grown up to their optical density of 0.6 at 540 nm were further incubated with various reagents alone or in combination and then intracellular nucleotide release from the cells was determined by measuring the absorbance at 260 nm.

jkacd-28-435-i002.jpg
Table 3
Effect of polyP (Calgon) on the growth of E. faecalis ATCC 29212a

a; Calgon at the concentrations of 0.1~1.0% was added to an inoculum of E. faecalis in BHI at the very beginning of the culture and incubated for 12 h anaerobically. Change in the growth of the bacterial cells was determined by measuring the optical density at 540 nm.

jkacd-28-435-i003.jpg
Table 4
Permeabilizing effect of polyP on sensitivity of E. faecalis to various antibiotics at lower concentrations as measured the bacterial optical density at 540 nma

a; Antibiotics at lower concentrations with or without Calgon (0.1~1.0%) were added to the culture and incubated as described in Table 3. The optical density of growing E. faecalis cells was determined at 540 nm.

Abbreviation; AP, ampicillin; CFX, cefotaxime; EM, erythromycin; GM, gentamicin; KM, kanamycin; PN-G, pencillin-G; TC, tetracycline.

jkacd-28-435-i004.jpg
Table 5
Permeabilizing effect of polyP on sensitivity of E. faecalis to various antibiotics at higher concentrations as measured the bacterial optical density at 540 nma

a; The experiment was performed as described in Table 4 except that the amount of antibiotics added was doubled.

jkacd-28-435-i005.jpg

Tables & Figures

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      Antibacterial effect of polyphosphate on endodontopathic bacteria
      J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2003;28(6):435-448.   Published online November 30, 2003
      DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2003.28.6.435
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    Antibacterial effect of polyphosphate on endodontopathic bacteria
    Image Image Image Image Image Image
    Fig. 1 Inhibitory effect of polyP with various chain lengths(P3~P75) on the growth of P. gingivalis A7A1-28
    Fig. 2 Inhibitory effect of polyP with various chain lengths(P3~P75) on the growth of P. gingivalis W50
    Fig. 3 A change in the growth of P. ginvivalis A7A1-28 with polyP75 added in the early exponential phase
    Fig. 4 A change in the growth of P. ginvivalis W50 with polyP75 added in the early exponential phase
    Fig. 5 The viable cell counts of P. ginvivalis A7A1-28 in the presence of polyP75
    Fig. 6 The viable cell counts P. ginvivalis W50 in the presence of polyP75

    Fig. 1

    Fig. 2

    Fig. 3

    Fig. 4

    Fig. 5

    Fig. 6

    Antibacterial effect of polyphosphate on endodontopathic bacteria

    Leakage of intracellular nucleotide from P. gingivalis A7A1-28 in the presence of polyP75a

    a; Cells grown up to their optical density of 0.6 at 540 nm were further incubated with various reagents alone or in combination and then intracellular nucleotide release from the cells was determined by measuring the absorbance at 260 nm.

    Leakage of intracellular nucleotide from P. gingivalis W50 in the presence of polyP75a

    a; Cells grown up to their optical density of 0.6 at 540 nm were further incubated with various reagents alone or in combination and then intracellular nucleotide release from the cells was determined by measuring the absorbance at 260 nm.

    Effect of polyP (Calgon) on the growth of E. faecalis ATCC 29212a

    a; Calgon at the concentrations of 0.1~1.0% was added to an inoculum of E. faecalis in BHI at the very beginning of the culture and incubated for 12 h anaerobically. Change in the growth of the bacterial cells was determined by measuring the optical density at 540 nm.

    Permeabilizing effect of polyP on sensitivity of E. faecalis to various antibiotics at lower concentrations as measured the bacterial optical density at 540 nma

    a; Antibiotics at lower concentrations with or without Calgon (0.1~1.0%) were added to the culture and incubated as described in Table 3. The optical density of growing E. faecalis cells was determined at 540 nm.

    Abbreviation; AP, ampicillin; CFX, cefotaxime; EM, erythromycin; GM, gentamicin; KM, kanamycin; PN-G, pencillin-G; TC, tetracycline.

    Permeabilizing effect of polyP on sensitivity of E. faecalis to various antibiotics at higher concentrations as measured the bacterial optical density at 540 nma

    a; The experiment was performed as described in Table 4 except that the amount of antibiotics added was doubled.
    Table 1 Leakage of intracellular nucleotide from P. gingivalis A7A1-28 in the presence of polyP75a

    a; Cells grown up to their optical density of 0.6 at 540 nm were further incubated with various reagents alone or in combination and then intracellular nucleotide release from the cells was determined by measuring the absorbance at 260 nm.

    Table 2 Leakage of intracellular nucleotide from P. gingivalis W50 in the presence of polyP75a

    a; Cells grown up to their optical density of 0.6 at 540 nm were further incubated with various reagents alone or in combination and then intracellular nucleotide release from the cells was determined by measuring the absorbance at 260 nm.

    Table 3 Effect of polyP (Calgon) on the growth of E. faecalis ATCC 29212a

    a; Calgon at the concentrations of 0.1~1.0% was added to an inoculum of E. faecalis in BHI at the very beginning of the culture and incubated for 12 h anaerobically. Change in the growth of the bacterial cells was determined by measuring the optical density at 540 nm.

    Table 4 Permeabilizing effect of polyP on sensitivity of E. faecalis to various antibiotics at lower concentrations as measured the bacterial optical density at 540 nma

    a; Antibiotics at lower concentrations with or without Calgon (0.1~1.0%) were added to the culture and incubated as described in Table 3. The optical density of growing E. faecalis cells was determined at 540 nm.

    Abbreviation; AP, ampicillin; CFX, cefotaxime; EM, erythromycin; GM, gentamicin; KM, kanamycin; PN-G, pencillin-G; TC, tetracycline.

    Table 5 Permeabilizing effect of polyP on sensitivity of E. faecalis to various antibiotics at higher concentrations as measured the bacterial optical density at 540 nma

    a; The experiment was performed as described in Table 4 except that the amount of antibiotics added was doubled.

    Table 1

    Table 2

    Table 3

    Table 4

    Table 5

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