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Antibacterial effect of urushiol on E. faecalis as a root canal irrigant
Sang-Wan Kim, Dong-Hoon Shin
Restor Dent Endod 2017;42(1):54-59.   Published online January 25, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2017.42.1.54
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

The purpose of this study was to compare the antibacterial activity of urushiol against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) to that of NaOCl.

Materials and Methods

The canals of thirty two single rooted human teeth were instrumented with Ni-Ti files (ProTaper Next X1, X2, X3, Dentsply). A pure culture of E. faecalis ATCC 19433 was prepared in sterile brain heart infusion (BHI) broth. The teeth were submerged in the suspension of E. faecalis and were incubated at 37℃ for 7 days to allow biofilm formation. The teeth were randomly divided into three experimental groups according to the irrigant used, and a negative control group where no irrigant was used (n = 8). Group 1 used physiologic normal saline, group 2 used 6% NaOCl, and group 3 used 10 wt% urushiol solution. After canal irrigation, each sample was collected by the sequential placement of 2 sterile paper points (ProTaper NEXT paper points, size X3, Dentsply). Ten-fold serial dilutions on each vials, and 100 µL were cultured on a BHI agar plate for 8 hours, and colony forming unit (CFU) analysis was done. The data were statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-whitney U tests.

Results

Saline group exhibited no difference in the CFU counts with control group, while NaOCl and urushiol groups showed significantly less CFU counts than saline and control groups (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The result of this study suggests 10% urushiol and 6% NaOCl solution had powerful antibacterial activity against E. faecalis when they were used as root canal irrigants.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Antimicrobial efficacy of natural-based endodontic solutions: a systematic review with a network meta-analysis
    Danilo Cassiano FERRAZ, Anahi de Paula MELO, Felipe de Souza MATOS, Luiz Renato PARANHOS, Camilla Christian Gomes MOURA, Cauane BLUMENBERG, Juliane Maria GUERREIRO-TANOMARU, Mário TANOMARU-FILHO
    Brazilian Oral Research.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Irrigants and irrigation activation systems in Endodontics
    Brenda P. F. A. Gomes, Emelly Aveiro, Anil Kishen
    Brazilian Dental Journal.2023; 34(4): 1.     CrossRef
  • Effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite gel and solutions in endodontics: A systematic review
    Sourabh Barbhi, SR Srinidhi, Rajesh Shetty, Poonam Joshi, Vini Mehta, Sanket Aras
    Endodontology.2023; 35(4): 290.     CrossRef
  • Antibiofilm activity of phytochemicals against Enterococcus faecalis: A literature review
    Islam A. A. Ali, Prasanna Neelakantan
    Phytotherapy Research.2022; 36(7): 2824.     CrossRef
  • Chemical compounds Anti-bacterial of Citrus aurantifolia Ethanol Extract to Inhibit the Early Biofilm Formation and Growth of Enterococcus faecalis Root Canal Isolate
    Nur Asmah, Dewi Fatma Suniarti, Endang Winiati Bachtiar, Dewi Angraini Margono, Basri A. Gani
    Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology.2022; : 2667.     CrossRef
  • Antibacterial efficacy of silver diamine fluoride as a root canal irrigant
    Ebtissam M. Al‐Madi, Manar A. Al‐Jamie, Noura M. Al‐Owaid, Amal A. Almohaimede, Albandary M. Al‐Owid
    Clinical and Experimental Dental Research.2019; 5(5): 551.     CrossRef
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Comparative assessment of antibacterial activity of different glass ionomer cements on cariogenic bacteria
Rahul Gaybarao Naik, Arun Suresh Dodamani, Mahesh Ravindra Khairnar, Harish Chaitram Jadhav, Manjiri Abhay Deshmukh
Restor Dent Endod 2016;41(4):278-282.   Published online September 20, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2016.41.4.278
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

Glass ionomer cements (GICs), which are biocompatible and adhesive to the tooth surface, are widely used nowadays for tooth restoration. They inhibit the demineralization and promote the remineralization of the tooth structure adjacent to the restoration, as well as interfere with bacterial growth. Hence, the present study was conducted to assess and compare the antimicrobial activity of three commercially available GICs against two cariogenic bacteria.

Materials and Methods

An agar plate diffusion test was used for evaluating the antimicrobial effect of three different GICs (Fuji IX, Ketac Molar, and d-tech) on Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus). Thirty plates were prepared and divided into two groups. The first group was inoculated with S. mutans, and the second group was inoculated with L. acidophilus. These plates were then incubated at 37℃ for 24 hours. Zones of bacterial growth inhibition that formed around each well were recorded in millimeters (mm).

Results

The zones of inhibition for Fuji IX, Ketac Molar, and d-tech on S. mutans were found to be 10.84 ± 0.22 mm, 10.23 ± 0.15 mm, and 15.65 ± 0.31 mm, respectively, whereas those for L. acidophilus were found to be 10.43 ± 0.12 mm, 10.16 ± 0.11 mm, and 15.57 ± 0.13 mm, respectively.

Conclusions

D-tech cement performed better in terms of the zone of bacterial inhibition against the two test bacteria, than the other two tested glass ionomers.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Modifications of polyalkenoic acid and its effect on glass ionomer cement
    Sreejith Sasidharan Lathikumari, Manju Saraswathy
    Materials Advances.2024; 5(7): 2719.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of the Clinical Impact and In Vitro Antibacterial Activities of Two Bioactive Restoratives against S. mutans ATCC 25175 in Class II Carious Restorations
    YA Maher, MT Rajeh, FA Hamooda, GO Zerain, RM Habis, RH Sulaimani, ST Albar, FMH Ali, NA Abdelaleem
    Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice.2023; 26(4): 404.     CrossRef
  • Effect of conditioning and 3-year aging on the bond strength and interfacial morphology of glass-ionomer cement bonded to dentin
    Ahmed Zubaer, Rime Shamme Akter, Al Azad Salahuddin, Rahman Mir Ayubur, Sano Hidehiko, Hoshika Shuhei
    Journal of Dental Sciences.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Comparison and Advanced Antimicrobial Strategies of Silver and Copper Nanodrug-Loaded Glass Ionomer Cement against Dental Caries Microbes
    Amal Adnan Ashour, Mohammed Fareed Felemban, Nayef H. Felemban, Enas T. Enan, Sakeenabi Basha, Mohamed M. Hassan, Sanaa M. F. Gad El-Rab
    Antibiotics.2022; 11(6): 756.     CrossRef
  • Antibacterial Activity and Biofilm Inhibition of New-Generation Hybrid/Fluoride-Releasing Restorative Materials
    Sevil Gurgan, Uzay Koc Vural, Cansu Atalay, Herve Tassery, Ivana Miletic, Suna Sibel Gurpinar
    Applied Sciences.2022; 12(5): 2434.     CrossRef
  • Comparative evaluation of long-term fluoride release and antibacterial activity of an alkasite, nanoionomer, and glass ionomer restorative material – An in vitro study
    RV Aparajitha, PSenthamil Selvan, AShafie Ahamed, S Bhavani, V Nagarajan
    Journal of Conservative Dentistry.2021; 24(5): 485.     CrossRef
  • Dental Restorative Materials for Elderly Populations
    Yuyao Huang, Bingqing Song, Xuedong Zhou, Hui Chen, Haohao Wang, Lei Cheng
    Polymers.2021; 13(5): 828.     CrossRef
  • The Comparison of Biofilm Formation, Mechanical and Chemical Properties between Glass Ionomer Cement and Giomer
    Sylva Dinie Alinda, Anggraini Margono, Aditya Wisnu Putranto, Ike Dwi Maharti, Retno Amalina, Sherly Firsta Rahmi
    The Open Dentistry Journal.2021; 15(1): 274.     CrossRef
  • Effect of conditioning and 1 year aging on the bond strength and interfacial morphology of glass-ionomer cement bonded to dentin
    Shuhei Hoshika, Shihchun Ting, Zubaer Ahmed, Fei Chen, Yu Toida, Norihito Sakaguchi, Bart Van Meerbeek, Hidehiko Sano, Sharanbir K. Sidhu
    Dental Materials.2021; 37(1): 106.     CrossRef
  • The synergistic effects of SrF2 nanoparticles, YSZ nanoparticles, and poly-ε-l-lysin on physicomechanical, ion release, and antibacterial-cellular behavior of the flowable dental composites
    Saeed Hesaraki, Mohammad Karimi, Nader Nezafati
    Materials Science and Engineering: C.2020; 109: 110592.     CrossRef
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Inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans and mechanical properties of the chitosan containing composite resin
Ji-Sun Kim, Dong-Hoon Shin
Restor Dent Endod 2013;38(1):36-42.   Published online February 26, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2013.38.1.36
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

This study evaluated the antibacterial effect and mechanical properties of composite resins (LCR, MCR, HCR) incorporating chitosan with three different molecular weights (L, Low; M, Medium; H, High).

Materials and Methods

Streptococcus (S). mutans 100 mL and each chitosan powder were inoculated in sterilized 10 mL Brain-Heart Infusion (BHI) solution, and was centrifuged for 12 hr. Absorbance of the supernatent was measured at OD660 to estimate the antibacterial activities of chitosan. After S. mutans was inoculated in the disc shaped chitosan-containing composite resins, the disc was cleansed with BHI and diluted with serial dilution method. S. mutans was spread on Mitis-salivarius bacitracin agar. After then, colony forming unit (CFU) was measured to verify the inhibitory effect on S. mutans biofilm. To ascertain the effect on the mechanical properties of composite resin, 3-point bending and Vickers hardness tests were done after 1 and 3 wk water storage, respectively. Using 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Scheffe test, statistical analysis was done with 95% significance level.

Results

All chitosan powder showed inhibition effect against S. mutans. CFU number in chitosan-containing composite resins was smaller than that of control resin without chitosan. The chitosan containing composite resins did not show any significant difference in flexural strength and Vickers hardness in comparison with the control resin. However, the composite resin, MCR showed a slightly decreased flexural strength and the maximum load than those of control and the other composite resins HCR and LCR.

Conclusions

LCR and HCR would be recommended as a feasible antibacterial restorative due to its antibacterial nature and mechanical properties.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The impact of chitosan in experimental resin with different photoinitiator systems
    Isaías Donizeti Silva, Letícia Cristina Cidreira Boaro, Bruno Vilela Muniz, Karina Cogo-Muller, Flávia Gonçalves, William Cunha Brandt
    Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials.2024; 150: 106323.     CrossRef
  • The effect of adding chitosan nanoparticles on different properties of the adhesive and high-filled composite resin
    Mahan Masoumi, Sara Valizadeh, Ricardo M. Carvalho, Alireza Akbari Moghaddam, Safoura Ghodsi
    International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives.2024; 134: 103766.     CrossRef
  • Prospective and applications of bacterial nanocellulose in dentistry
    Yasmin Alimardani, Esmaeel Mirzakhani, Fereshteh Ansari, Hadi Pourjafar, Nadia Sadeghi
    Cellulose.2024; 31(13): 7819.     CrossRef
  • BNN/TiO2 nanocomposite system–modified dental flow resins and the mechanism of the enhancement of mechanical and antibacterial properties
    Xinzi Kong, Qize Han, Axue Jiang, Yurui Wang, Ruizhi Li, Yuting Wang, Shengjie Xiao, Rong Wei, Yu Ma
    Biomaterials Science.2023; 11(8): 2775.     CrossRef
  • Influence of the Loading with Newly Green Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Equisetum sylvaticum on the Antibacterial Activity and Surface Hardness of a Composite Resin
    Ionuț Tărăboanță, Ana Flavia Burlec, Simona Stoleriu, Andreia Corciovă, Adrian Fifere, Denisa Batir-Marin, Monica Hăncianu, Cornelia Mircea, Irina Nica, Andra Claudia Tărăboanță-Gamen, Sorin Andrian
    Journal of Functional Biomaterials.2023; 14(8): 402.     CrossRef
  • The Impact of Adding Chitosan Nanoparticles on Biofilm Formation, Cytotoxicity, and Certain Physical and Mechanical Aspects of Directly Printed Orthodontic Clear Aligners
    Botan Barzan Taher, Tara Ali Rasheed
    Nanomaterials.2023; 13(19): 2649.     CrossRef
  • Synthesis of Submicrometric Chitosan Particles Loaded with Calcium Phosphate for Biomedical Applications
    Diana Pereira Lopes, Selma Regina Muniz Freitas, Carina Baptiston Tanaka, Giovanne Delechiave, Lucia Nobuco Takamori Kikuchi, Roberto R. Braga, Jamie J. Kruzic, Maria Stella Moreira, Leticia Cristina Cidreira Boaro, Luiz Henrique Catalani, Flávia Gonçalve
    AAPS PharmSciTech.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Biodegradable Nonwoven Materials with Antipathogenic Layer
    Longina Madej-Kiełbik, Karolina Gzyra-Jagieła, Jagoda Jóźwik-Pruska, Maria Wiśniewskia-Wrona, Marzena Dymel
    Environments.2022; 9(7): 79.     CrossRef
  • Comparative evaluation of eighth-generation bonding agent modified with 7% arginine and 0.12% chitosan for antibacterial property and microtensile bond strength
    HimaliRajan Desai, SanjyotA Mulay, RonitR Shinde, PradeepK Shetty, SoumyaS Shetty
    Journal of Conservative Dentistry.2022; 25(4): 440.     CrossRef
  • Effects of the crosslinking of chitosan/DCPA particles in the antimicrobial and mechanical properties of dental restorative composites
    Lucia Nobuco Takamori Kikuchi, Selma Regina Muniz Freitas, Aldo Ferreira Amorim, Giovanne Delechiave, Luiz Henrique Catalani, Roberto Ruggiero Braga, Maria Stella Moreira, Leticia Cristina Cidreira Boaro, Flávia Gonçalves
    Dental Materials.2022; 38(9): 1482.     CrossRef
  • Antimicrobial activity of lactoferrin-chitosan-gellan nanoparticles and their influence on strawberry preservation
    Larissa G.R. Duarte, Carolina S.F. Picone
    Food Research International.2022; 159: 111586.     CrossRef
  • Polyphenol-Enriched Extract of Lacquer Sap Used as a Dentine Primer with Benefits of Improving Collagen Cross-Linking and Antibacterial Functions
    Ying Zhao, Xi He, Han Wang, Huimin Wang, Zuosen Shi, Song Zhu, Zhanchen Cui
    ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering.2022; 8(9): 3741.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of the changes in physical properties and mineral content of enamel exposed to radiation after treating with remineralization agent
    Merve Pelin Dur, Neslihan Celik, Nilgun Seven
    Clinical Oral Investigations.2022; 26(9): 5673.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of Immediate and Delayed Microleakage of Class V Cavities Restored with Chitosan-incorporated Composite Resins: An In Vitro Study
    Roopa R Nadig, Veena Pai, Arpita Deb
    International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry.2021; 14(5): 621.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of Microleakage of Micro Hybrid Composite Resins versus Chitosan-Incorporated Composite Resins When Restored in Class V Cavities Using Total Etch and Self-Etch Adhesives
    Arpita Deb, Veena Pai, Aesha Akhtar, Roopa R. Nadig
    Contemporary Clinical Dentistry.2021; 12(4): 346.     CrossRef
  • Nanomaterials Application in Orthodontics
    Wojciech Zakrzewski, Maciej Dobrzynski, Wojciech Dobrzynski, Anna Zawadzka-Knefel, Mateusz Janecki, Karolina Kurek, Adam Lubojanski, Maria Szymonowicz, Zbigniew Rybak, Rafal J. Wiglusz
    Nanomaterials.2021; 11(2): 337.     CrossRef
  • Antibacterial Effect on Enterococcus Faecalis and Physical Properties of Chitosan Added Calcium Hydroxide Canal Filling Material
    Sol Song, Yu-Jin Kim, Jung-Hwan Lee, Joonhaeng Lee, Jisun Shin, Jongbin Kim
    THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN ACADEMY OF PEDTATRIC DENTISTRY.2021; 48(2): 198.     CrossRef
  • Antibacterial and Bonding Properties of Universal Adhesive Dental Polymers Doped with Pyrogallol
    Naji Kharouf, Ammar Eid, Louis Hardan, Rim Bourgi, Youri Arntz, Hamdi Jmal, Federico Foschi, Salvatore Sauro, Vincent Ball, Youssef Haikel, Davide Mancino
    Polymers.2021; 13(10): 1538.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy of chitosan-based chewing gum on reducing salivary S. mutans counts and salivary pH: a randomised clinical trial
    Zahra Khamverdi, Fatemeh Farhadian, Salman Khazaei, Maryam Adabi
    Acta Odontologica Scandinavica.2021; 79(4): 268.     CrossRef
  • Effect of antiseptic gels in the microbiologic colonization of the suture threads after oral surgery
    Samuel Rodríguez Zorrilla, Andrés Blanco Carrión, Abel García García, Pablo Galindo Moreno, Xabier Marichalar Mendía, Rafael Seoane Prado, Antonio J. Pérez Estévez, Mario Pérez-Sayáns
    Scientific Reports.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Evaluating antibacterial and surface mechanical properties of chitosan modified dental resin composites
    Shahid Ali, Laila Sangi, Naresh Kumar, Bharat Kumar, Zohaib Khurshid, Muhammad S. Zafar
    Technology and Health Care.2020; 28(2): 165.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of antibacterial effects of orthodontic composites containing different nanoparticles on Streptococcus mutans at different times
    Soghra Yassaei, Ali Nasr, Hengameh Zandi, Mohammad Nima Motallaei
    Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics.2020; 25(2): 52.     CrossRef
  • Development of novel dental restorative composites with dibasic calcium phosphate loaded chitosan fillers
    Carina B. Tanaka, Diana P. Lopes, Lucia N.T. Kikuchi, Maria Stella Moreira, Luiz H. Catalani, Roberto R. Braga, Jamie J. Kruzic, Flávia Gonçalves
    Dental Materials.2020; 36(4): 551.     CrossRef
  • Effect of iodonium salt and chitosan on the physical and antibacterial properties of experimental infiltrants
    Mariana Dias FLOR-RIBEIRO, Talita Signoreti GRAZIANO, Flávio Henrique Baggio AGUIAR, Rafael Nóbrega STIPP, Giselle Maria MARCHI
    Brazilian Oral Research.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Chitosan/Fluoride Nanoparticles for Preventing Dental Caries
    Niousha Ebrahimi, Ali Asghar Soleimani, Jamal Rashidiani, Beheshteh Malekafzali, Fatemeh Abedini, Hossein Hosseinkhani
    Current Dentistry.2019; 1(1): 61.     CrossRef
  • Physical and chemical properties of model composites containing quaternary ammonium methacrylates
    Marina Lermenn Vidal, Guilherme Ferreira Rego, Gil Mendes Viana, Lucio Mendes Cabral, Juliana Primo Basílio Souza, Nick Silikas, Luis Felipe Schneider, Larissa Maria Cavalcante
    Dental Materials.2018; 34(1): 143.     CrossRef
  • Chitosan—PRP nanosphere as a growth factors slow releasing device with superior antibacterial capability
    Radyum Ikono, Etik Mardliyati, Iis Tentia Agustin, Muhammad Mufarrij Fuad Ulfi, Dimas Andrianto, Uswatun Hasanah, Boy Muchlis Bachtiar, Nofa Mardianingsih, Endang Winiati Bachtiar, Nurwenda Novan Maulana, Nurul Taufiqu Rochman, Li Xianqi, Hideaki Kagami,
    Biomedical Physics & Engineering Express.2018; 4(4): 045026.     CrossRef
  • Chitosan-Properties and Applications in Dentistry
    Kmiec M
    Advances in Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine: Open Access.2017;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Analysis of the shelf life of chitosan stored in different types of packaging, using colorimetry and dentin microhardness
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    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2017; 42(2): 87.     CrossRef
  • Restorative materials containing antimicrobial agents: is there evidence for their antimicrobial and anticaries effects? A systematic review
    GS do Amaral, T Negrini, M Maltz, RA Arthur
    Australian Dental Journal.2016; 61(1): 6.     CrossRef
  • Antibacterial capacity of cavity disinfectants against Streptococcus mutans and their effects on shear bond strength of a self-etch adhesive
    Han-Sol CHA, Dong-Hoon SHIN
    Dental Materials Journal.2016; 35(1): 147.     CrossRef
  • Antibacterial Effect and Physical-Mechanical Properties of Temporary Restorative Material Containing Antibacterial Agents
    Amanda Mahammad Mushashe, Carla Castiglia Gonzaga, Paulo Henrique Tomazinho, Leonardo Fernandes da Cunha, Denise Piotto Leonardi, Janes Francio Pissaia, Gisele Maria Correr
    International Scholarly Research Notices.2015; 2015: 1.     CrossRef
  • Antimicrobial properties of conventional restorative filling materials and advances in antimicrobial properties of composite resins and glass ionomer cements—A literature review
    Cher Farrugia, Josette Camilleri
    Dental Materials.2015; 31(4): e89.     CrossRef
  • Antibacterial effect of self-etching adhesive systems onStreptococcus mutans
    Seung-Ryong Kim, Dong-Hoon Shin
    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2014; 39(1): 32.     CrossRef
  • Dental materials with antibiofilm properties
    Zhejun Wang, Ya Shen, Markus Haapasalo
    Dental Materials.2014; 30(2): e1.     CrossRef
  • Antibacterial properties of composite resins incorporating silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles onStreptococcus mutansandLactobacillus
    Shahin Kasraei, Lida Sami, Sareh Hendi, Mohammad-Yousef AliKhani, Loghman Rezaei-Soufi, Zahra Khamverdi
    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2014; 39(2): 109.     CrossRef
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Original Articles
Comparison of Antibacterial effect of Listerine® with Various root canal irrigants
Young Hun Kim, Min-Kyung Kang, Eun-Kyoung Choi, So-Young Yang, Inseok Yang, In-Chol Kang, Yun-Chan Hwang, In-Nam Hwang, Won-Mann Oh
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2009;34(6):500-507.   Published online November 30, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2009.34.6.500
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

The purpose of this study is to compare the antibacterial effect of Listerine® on two microorganisms (P. gingivalis and E. faecalis) with various root canal irrigants (NaOCl, CHX, EDTA) and to identify possibility of using Listerine® as a root canal irrigant. Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 3327 and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 were used in this experiment. For the test irrigants, 0.5%, 1%, 2.5%, 5.25% NaOCl, 0.1%, 0.2%, 1%, 2% CHX, 0.5M EDTA (18.6% EDTA) and Listerine® were prepared. Distiled water was used as control. Two methods-1) Comparison of turbidity in broth and 2) Agar diffusion test-were used to determine the extent of antibacterial effect of Listerine® and to compare it with that of NaOCl, CHX, and EDTA. All solutions tested were effective against two bacterial strains compared with control (p<0.001). Any concentration of NaOCl, CHX, and EDTA showed similarly high effectiveness against all bacterial strains. In all experiment, Listerine® showed significantly low antibacterial effect compared with the other root canal irrigants (p<0.05).

In conclusion, the results reflect remarkably low antibacterial effect of Listerine® as compared with root canal irrigants in general so it is not suitable for the root canal irrigant.

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Antibacterial effect of polyphosphate on endodontopathic bacteria
Jeong-Hee Shin, Sang-Jin Park, Gi-Woon Choi
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2003;28(6):435-448.   Published online November 30, 2003
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2003.28.6.435
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

This study was performed to observe the antibacterial effect of polyphosphate (polyP) with various chain lengths (P3~P75) on virulent, invasive strains of P. gingivalis A7A1-28 and W50, and multidrug resistant E. faecalis ATCC29212. P. gingivalis strains were grown in brain-heart infusion broth (BHI) containing hemin and vitamin K with or without polyP. PolyP was added at the very beginning of the culture or during the exponential growth phase of the culture. Inhibition of the growth of P. gingivalis was determined by measuring the absorbancy at 540nm of the grown cells. Viable cell counts of the culture and release of intracellular nucleotide from P. gingivalis were measured. E. faecalis was grown in plain BHI with antibiotics alone or in combination with polyP(calgon; 0.1~1.0%) and the bacterial absorbancy was measured.

The overall results suggest that polyP has a strong antibacterial effect on the growth of the virulent strains of P. gingivalis and the antibacterial activity of polyP seems largely bactericidal, accompanying bacteriolysis in which chelation phenomenon is not involved. Although polyP does not exert antibacterial activity against E. faecalis, it appears to increase antibacterial effect of erythromycin and tetracycline on the bacterium. Therefore, polyP alone or in combination with antibiotics may be developed as a candidate for the agent controlling oral infections including endodontic infection.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Minocycline-loaded calcium polyphosphate glass microspheres as a potential drug-delivery agent for the treatment of periodontitis
    Iain Gibson, Arash Momeni, Mark Filiaggi
    Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Comparison of Antibacterial effect of Listerine® with Various root canal irrigants
    Young Hun Kim, Min-Kyung Kang, Eun-Kyoung Choi, So-Young Yang, Inseok Yang, In-Chol Kang, Yun-Chan Hwang, In-Nam Hwang, Won-Mann Oh
    Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2009; 34(6): 500.     CrossRef
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A study of ionic dissociation on various calcium hydroxide pastes using molecular sieving model
Kyoung-Sun Lee, Seung-Jong Lee
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2002;27(6):632-643.   Published online November 30, 2002
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2002.27.6.632
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

The purpose of this study was two-fold. First was to evaluate whether the molecular sieving model was appropriate for ionic dissociation experiment. Second was to compare the dissociation of calcium and hydroxyl ions from five types of calcium hydroxide pastes (Pure calcium hydroxide paste, DT temporary dressing®, Metapaste®, Chidopex®, Metapex®) in three vehicles (aqueous, viscous and oily) and the antibacterial effect.

Each calcium hydroxide pastes was placed into 0.65ml tube with cap and then 15% polyacrylamide gel was placed onto calcium hydroxide pastes. After the gel was hardened, the tubes were filled with tridistilled water (pH 7.14) and closed with cap. The tubes were stored in 37℃, 100% incubator. The pH reading and the concentration of calcium ions were taken at 1, 4, 7, 10, and 14 days. The brain heart infusion agar plates with S. mutans and A. actinomycetemcomitans were used for antibacterial activity test. Middle of agar plate was filled with the calcium hydroxide pastes. The plates were incubated at 37℃ and observations were made to detect the zones of inhibition. These data were evaluated statistically by use of the analysis of variance and duncan test.

The results were as follows.

1. In fresh mixing state, the pH of five types of calcium hydroxide pastes were measured between 12.5 and 12.8.

2. The pH was increased in all five types of calcium hydroxide pastes compared with control group. In 14 days, Pure calcium hydroxide paste (11.45) and DT temporary dressing® (11.33) showed highest pH, followed by Metapaste® (9.49), Chidopex® (8.37) and Metapex® (7.59).

3. Calcium was higher in all five types of calcium hydroxide pastes compared with control group. In 14 days, Pure calcium hydroxide paste (137.29 mg%) and DT temporary dressing® (124.6 mg%) showed highest value, followed by Metapaste® (116.74 mg%), Chidopex® (111.84 mg%) and Metapex® (60.22 mg%).

4. The zones of bacterial inhibition were seen around all five types of calcium hydroxide pastes. Chidopex® and Metapex® groups which include iodoform were observed significantly larger zone of inhibition in A. actinomycetemcomitans compared with the other calcium hydroxide groups (p<0.05). However, Metapex® showed the least antibacterial effect on S. mutans compared with other groups (p<0.05).

The molecular sieving model was found to be acceptable in dissociation experiment of hydroxyl and calcium ions when compared with the previous tooth model study. But this model was not appropriate for the antibacterial test.

Citations

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  • A Comparison of the irrigation systems in calcium hydroxide removal
    Jae-Seung Eun, Se-Hee Park, Kyung-Mo Cho, Jin-Woo Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2009; 34(6): 508.     CrossRef
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