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Research Articles
Effect of different storage media on elemental analysis and microhardness of cervical cavity margins restored with a bioactive material
Hoda Saleh Ismail, Brian Ray Morrow, Ashraf Ibrahim Ali, Rabab Elsayed Elaraby Mehesen, Salah Hasab Mahmoud, Franklin Garcia-Godoy
Restor Dent Endod 2024;49(1):e6.   Published online January 17, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e6
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

This study aimed to investigate the elemental analysis and microhardness of a bioactive material (Activa) and marginal tooth structure after storage in different media.

Materials and Methods

Fifteen teeth received cervical restorations with occlusal enamel and gingival dentin margins using the tested material bonded with a universal adhesive, 5 of them on the 4 axial surfaces and the other 10 on only the 2 proximal surfaces. The first 5 teeth were sectioned into 4 restorations each, then stored in 4 different media; deionized water, Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline (DPBS), Tris buffer, and saliva. The storage period for deionized water was 24 hours while it was 3 months for the other media. Each part was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) analysis for different substrates/distances and the wt% of calcium, phosphorus, silica, and fluoride were calculated. The other 10 teeth were sectioned across the restoration, stored in either Tris buffer or saliva for 24 hours or 3 months, and were evaluated for microhardness of different substrates/areas. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test.

Results

Enamel and dentin interfaces in the DPBS group exhibited a significant increase in calcium and phosphorus wt%. Both silica and fluoride significantly increased in tooth structure up to a distance of 75 μm in the 3-month-media groups than the immediate group. Storage media did not affect the microhardness values.

Conclusions

SEM-EDS analysis suggests an ion movement between Activa and tooth structure through a universal adhesive while stored in DPBS.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Influence of curing mode and aging on the bonding performance of universal adhesives in coronal and root dentin
    Hoda Saleh Ismail, Ashraf Ibrahim Ali, Mohamed Elshirbeny Elawsya
    BMC Oral Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 231 View
  • 28 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
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Effects of 3 different light-curing units on the physico-mechanical properties of bleach-shade resin composites
Azin Farzad, Shahin Kasraei, Sahebeh Haghi, Mahboubeh Masoumbeigi, Hassan Torabzadeh, Narges Panahandeh
Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(1):e9.   Published online February 7, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e9
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

This study investigated the microhardness, flexural strength, and color stability of bleach-shade resin composites cured with 3 different light-curing units.

Materials and Methods

In this in vitro experimental study, 270 samples were fabricated of bleach and A2 shades of 3 commercial resin composites (Point 4, G-aenial Anterior, and Estelite Sigma Quick). Samples (n = 5 for each trial) were cured with Bluephase N, Woodpecker LED.D, and Optilux 501 units and underwent Vickers microhardness and flexural strength tests. The samples were tested after 24 hours of storage in distilled water. Color was assessed using a spectrophotometer immediately after preparation and 24 hours after curing. Data were analyzed using 3-way analysis of variance and the Tukey test (p ≤ 0.001).

Results

Samples cured with Optilux exhibited the highest and those cured with LED.D exhibited the lowest microhardness (p = 0.023). The bleach shade of Point 4 composite cured with Optilux displayed the highest flexural strength, while the same composite and shade cured with Sigma Quick exhibited the lowest (p ≤ 0.001). The color change after 24 hours was greatest for the bleach shade of G-aenial cured with Bluephase N and least for the A2 shade of Sigma Quick cured with Optilux (p ≤ 0.001).

Conclusions

Light curing with polywave light-emitting diode (LED) yielded results between or statistically similar to those of quartz-tungsten-halogen and monowave LED in the microhardness and flexural strength of both A2 and bleach shades of resin composites. However, the brands of light-curing devices showed significant differences in color stability.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Evaluation of the Depth of Cure by Microhardness of Bulk-Fill Composites with Monowave and Polywave LED Light-Curing Units
    Socratis Thomaidis, Dimitris Kampouropoulos, Maria Antoniadou, Afrodite Kakaboura
    Applied Sciences.2024; 14(24): 11532.     CrossRef
  • Mechanical Behaviour of Novel Nanohybrid Resin Composite Using Two Light Cure Systems
    Ghada H. Naguib, Jumana Mazhar, Abeer Alnowaiser, Abdulghani Mira, Hisham Mously, Rabab Aljawi, Samar H. Abuzinadah, Mohamed T. Hamed
    International Dental Journal.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effect of hard segment chemistry and structure on the self‐healing properties of UV‐curable coatings based on the urethane acrylates with built‐in Diels–Alder adduct
    Paulina Bednarczyk, Karolina Mozelewska, Małgorzata Nowak, Joanna Klebeko, Joanna Rokicka, Paula Ossowicz‐Rupniewska
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effects of Dental Bleaching Agents on the Surface Roughness of Dental Restoration Materials
    Alexandru Dan Popescu, Mihaela Jana Tuculina, Oana Andreea Diaconu, Lelia Mihaela Gheorghiță, Claudiu Nicolicescu, Cristian Niky Cumpătă, Cristiana Petcu, Jaqueline Abdul-Razzak, Ana Maria Rîcă, Ruxandra Voinea-Georgescu
    Medicina.2023; 59(6): 1067.     CrossRef
  • Effect of Polywave and Monowave Light Curing Units on Color Change of Composites Containing Trime-thylbenzoyl-Diphenyl-Phosphine Before and After Aging
    Negar Madihi, Maryam Hoorizad ganjkar, Negin Nasoohi, Ali Kaboudanian Ardestani
    Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences.2023; 8(4): 249.     CrossRef
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  • 9 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • 5 Crossref
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Influence of modeling agents on the surface properties of an esthetic nano-hybrid composite
Zeynep Bilge Kutuk, Ecem Erden, Damla Lara Aksahin, Zeynep Elif Durak, Alp Can Dulda
Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(2):e13.   Published online January 29, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e13
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different modeling agents on the surface microhardness (Vickers hardness number; VHN), roughness (Ra), and color change (ΔE) of a nano-hybrid composite with or without exposure to discoloration by coffee.

Materials and Methods

Sixty-four cylinder-shaped nano-hybrid composite specimens were prepared using a Teflon mold. The specimens' surfaces were prepared according to the following groups: group 1, no modeling agent; group 2, Modeling Liquid; group 3, a universal adhesive (G-Premio Bond); and group 4, the first step of a 2-step self-adhesive system (OptiBond XTR). Specimens were randomly allocated into 2 groups (n = 8) according to the storage medium (distilled water or coffee). VHN, Ra, and ΔE were measured at 24 hours, 1 week, and 6 weeks. The Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Bonferroni correction for pairwise comparisons was used for statistical analysis (α = 0.05).

Results

Storage time did not influence the VHN of the nano-hybrid composite in any group (p > 0.05). OptiBond XTR Primer application affected the VHN negatively in all investigated storage medium and time conditions (p < 0.05). Modeling Liquid application yielded improved Ra values for the specimens stored in coffee at each time point (p < 0.05). Modeling Liquid application was associated with the lowest ΔE values in all investigated storage medium and time conditions (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Different types of modeling agents could affect the surface properties and discoloration of nano-hybrid composites.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Coating Agents for Resin Composites: Effect on Color Stability, Roughness, and Surface Micromorphology Subjected to Brushing Wear
    FR Hojo, TC Martins, WF Vieira-Junior, FMG França, CP Turssi, RT Basting
    Operative Dentistry.2025; 50(1): 101.     CrossRef
  • Effect of modeling liquid application on color stability and surface roughness of single-shade composites
    Melek Güven Bekdaş, Ihsan Hubbezoglu
    BMC Oral Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Impact of combining dental composite brushes with modeling resins on the color stability and topographic features of composites
    Abdulrahman A Balhaddad, Faisal Alharamlah, Alhanoof Aldossary, Wejdan Almutairi, Turki Alshehri, Mary Anne S Melo, Afnan O Al-Zain, Eman H Ismail
    Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Investigation of the Degree of Monomer Conversion in Dental Composites through Various Methods: An In Vitro Study
    Musa Kazim Ucuncu, Ozge Celiksoz, Emine Sen, Yasemin Yucel Yucel, Bircan Dinc
    Applied Sciences.2024; 14(11): 4406.     CrossRef
  • EFEITO DOS LÍQUIDOS MODELADORES NA SUPERFÍCIE DA RESINA COMPOSTA – UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
    Samuel Silva Dias, Matheus Fernando Lopes, Jeffison Teles Dias, Caio Junji Tanaka, Jose Augusto Rodrigues
    RECIMA21 - Revista Científica Multidisciplinar - ISSN 2675-6218.2024; 5(2): e524899.     CrossRef
  • Effect of Instrument Lubricant on Mechanical Properties of Restorative Composite
    G Pippin, D Tantbirojn, M Wolfgang, JS Nordin, A Versluis
    Operative Dentistry.2024; 49(4): 475.     CrossRef
  • The Impact of Modeling Liquids on Surface Roughness and Color Properties of Bulkfill Resin Composites After Simulated Tooth Brushing: An in Vitro Study. Part I
    Camila Falconí‐Páez, Claudia González‐Vaca, Juliana Guarneri, Newton Fahl, Paulina Aliaga‐Sancho, Maria Lujan Mendez‐Bauer, Cesar Augusto Galvão Arrais, Andrés Dávila‐Sánchez
    Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Full analysis of the effects of modeler liquids on the properties of direct resin-based composites: a meta-analysis review of in vitro studies
    Eduardo Trota Chaves, Lisia Lorea Valente, Eliseu Aldrighi Münchow
    Clinical Oral Investigations.2023; 27(7): 3289.     CrossRef
  • Influence of Modeling Liquids and Universal Adhesives Used as Lubricants on Color Stability and Translucency of Resin-Based Composites
    Gaetano Paolone, Claudia Mazzitelli, Giacomo Zechini, Salvatore Scolavino, Cecilia Goracci, Nicola Scotti, Giuseppe Cantatore, Enrico Gherlone, Alessandro Vichi
    Coatings.2023; 13(1): 143.     CrossRef
  • Influence of Instrument Lubrication on Properties of Dental Composites
    Juliusz Kosewski, Przemysław Kosewski, Agnieszka Mielczarek
    European Journal of Dentistry.2022; 16(04): 719.     CrossRef
  • Effect of Modelıng Liquid Use on Color and Whiteness Index Change of Composite Resins
    Numan AYDIN, Serpil KARAOĞLANOĞLU, Bilge ERSÖZ
    Cumhuriyet Dental Journal.2022; 25(Supplement): 119.     CrossRef
  • Effects of Immediate Coating on Unset Composite with Different Bonding Agents to Surface Hardness
    Nantawan Krajangta, Supissara Ninbanjong, Sunisa Khosook, Kanjana Chaitontuak, Awiruth Klaisiri
    European Journal of Dentistry.2022; 16(04): 828.     CrossRef
  • Modeling Liquids and Resin-Based Dental Composite Materials—A Scoping Review
    Gaetano Paolone, Claudia Mazzitelli, Uros Josic, Nicola Scotti, Enrico Gherlone, Giuseppe Cantatore, Lorenzo Breschi
    Materials.2022; 15(11): 3759.     CrossRef
  • Shear Bond Strength of Composite Diluted with Composite-Handling Agents on Dentin and Enamel
    Mijoo Kim, Deuk-Won Jo, Shahed Al Khalifah, Bo Yu, Marc Hayashi, Reuben H. Kim
    Polymers.2022; 14(13): 2665.     CrossRef
  • Effect of Modeling Resins on Microhardness of Resin Composites
    Ezgi T. Bayraktar, Pinar Y. Atali, Bora Korkut, Ezgi G. Kesimli, Bilge Tarcin, Cafer Turkmen
    European Journal of Dentistry.2021; 15(03): 481.     CrossRef
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  • 15 Crossref
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The effect of preheating resin composites on surface hardness: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Ali A. Elkaffas, Radwa I. Eltoukhy, Salwa A. Elnegoly, Salah H. Mahmoud
Restor Dent Endod 2019;44(4):e41.   Published online October 29, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2019.44.e41
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

This paper presents a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of preheating on the hardness of nanofilled, nanoceramic, nanohybrid, and microhybrid resin composites.

Materials and Methods

An electronic search of papers on MEDLINE/PubMed, ScienceDirect, and EBSCOhost was performed. Only in vitro studies were included. Non-English studies, case reports, clinical trials, and review articles were excluded. A meta-analysis of the reviewed studies was conducted to quantify differences in the microhardness of the Z250 microhybrid resin composite using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software.

Results

Only 13 studies met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review. The meta-analysis showed that there were significant differences between the non-preheated and preheated modes for both the top and bottom surfaces of the specimens (p < 0.05). The microhardness of the Z250 resin composite on the top surface in the preheated mode (78.1 ± 2.9) was higher than in the non-preheated mode (67.4 ± 4.0; p < 0.001). Moreover, the microhardness of the Z250 resin composite on the bottom surface in the preheated mode (71.8 ± 3.8) was higher than in the non-preheated mode (57.5 ± 5.7, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Although the results reported in the reviewed studies showed great variability, sufficient scientific evidence was found to support the hypothesis that preheating can improve the hardness of resin composites.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Effects of pre-heating on physical–mechanical–chemical properties of contemporary resin composites
    Thamires Bueno, Nivien Masoud, Anna Akkus, Italo Silva, Karen McPherson, Adilson Yoshio Furuse, Fabio Rizzante
    Odontology.2025; 113(1): 135.     CrossRef
  • Clinical performance of different bulk‐fill composite resin systems in classIIcavities: A 2‐year randomized clinical trial
    Badria Goda, Kareem Hamdi, Radwa I. Eltoukhy, Ashraf I. Ali, Salah Hasab Mahmoud
    Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.2024; 36(8): 1122.     CrossRef
  • Comparative evaluation of microleakage in Class II cavities restored with snowplow technique using flowable or preheated packable bulk-fill composite resin as gingival increment by dye extraction method: An in vitro study
    M. A. Ranjini, V. Geetha, B. Vedavathi, H. K. Ashok, Akshata J. Airsang, S. Swathi
    Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.2024; 27(11): 1158.     CrossRef
  • Influence of Light‐Curing Time and Increment Thickness on the Properties of Bulk Fill Composite Resins With Distinct Application Systems
    Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres, Taiana Paola Prado, Daniele Mara da Silva Ávila, Cesar Rogério Pucci, Alessandra Bühler Borges, Heng Bo Jiang
    International Journal of Dentistry.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Last Generation Bis-GMA Free Composite For Indirect Posterior Restorations: A Case Report
    M. Delgado
    Endodontics Today.2024; 21(4): 305.     CrossRef
  • Influence of preheating and water storage on the color, whiteness, and translucency of modern resin‐based composites
    Corina Mirela Prodan, Cristina Gasparik, Javier Ruiz‐López, Diana Dudea
    Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The clinical performance of dental resin composite repeatedly preheated: A randomized controlled clinical trial
    Mahmoud Elkady, Safaa Abdelhakim, Mona Riad
    Journal of Dentistry.2024; 144: 104940.     CrossRef
  • Preheating effect on microhardness and depth of cure of three bulk-fill composite resins: An in vitro study
    Aashna Sunil Sahetia, Divya Rupesh Jain, Padmaja Panditrao Sirsat, Meenal N. Gulve, Swapnil J. Kolhe, Surbhi P. Patel
    Endodontology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength of Lithium Disilicate Veneers Using Pre-heated Resin Composite With Two Conventional Resin Cements: An In Vitro Study
    Ghalia Akyle, Hassan Achour
    Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effect of Glass Fiber Reinforcement on Marginal Microleakage in Class II Composite Restorations: An In Vitro Pilot Study
    Csaba Dudás, Emánuel Kardos, Melinda Székely, Lea Ádám, Zsuzsanna Bardocz-Veres, Evelyn Szőllősi, Kinga Mária Jánosi, Bernadette Kerekes-Máthé
    Dentistry Journal.2024; 12(12): 410.     CrossRef
  • Effect of preheating on the physicochemical properties and bond strength of composite resins utilized as dental cements: An in vitro study
    Carolina Carramilo Raposo, Luanna Marinho Sereno Nery, Edilausson Moreno Carvalho, Paulo Vitor Campos Ferreira, Diego Machado Ardenghi, José Bauer, Darlon Martins Lima
    The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.2023; 129(1): 229.e1.     CrossRef
  • Examining the Impact of Preheating on the Fracture Toughness and Microhardness of Composite Resin: A Systematic Review
    Jay Bhopatkar, Anuja Ikhar, Manoj Chandak, Aditya Patel, Paridhi Agrawal
    Cureus.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • In Vitro Effect of Mouthrinses on the Microhardness of Three Different Nanohybrid Composite Resins
    Jhonn Luis Bernaldo-Faustino, Julissa Amparo Dulanto-Vargas, Kilder Maynor Carranza-Samanez, Carlos A. Munoz-Viveros
    International Journal of Dentistry.2023; 2023: 1.     CrossRef
  • Efecto del precalentamiento en la microdureza superficial de seis resinas compuestas
    Gloria Cristina Moreno Abello, Kavhas Castro, Paula Alejandra Ovalle Barrera, Paula Bernal, Laura Catalina Lara Hernández
    Universitas Odontologica.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Wear and Color Stability of Preheated Bulk-fill and Conventional Resin Composites
    AA Abdulmajeed, AA Suliman, BJ Selivany, A Altitinchi, TA Sulaiman
    Operative Dentistry.2022; 47(5): 585.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of Mechanical Properties of a Self-Adhesive Composite Cement and a Heated Composite Material
    Anastazja Skapska, Zenon Komorek, Mariusz Cierech, Elzbieta Mierzwinska-Nastalska
    Polymers.2022; 14(13): 2686.     CrossRef
  • Effects of ionizing radiation on surface properties of current restorative dental materials
    Débora Michelle Gonçalves de Amorim, Aretha Heitor Veríssimo, Anne Kaline Claudino Ribeiro, Rodrigo Othávio de Assunção e Souza, Isauremi Vieira de Assunção, Marilia Regalado Galvão Rabelo Caldas, Boniek Castillo Dutra Borges
    Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Quality assessment tools used in systematic reviews of in vitro studies: A systematic review
    Linh Tran, Dao Ngoc Hien Tam, Abdelrahman Elshafay, Thao Dang, Kenji Hirayama, Nguyen Tien Huy
    BMC Medical Research Methodology.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Preheated composite: Innovative approach for aesthetic restoration
    Reema N Asani, Vandana J Gade, Kalyani G Umale, Rachana Gawande, Rohit R Amburle, Raksha R Kusumbe, Purva P Kale, Priya R Kosare
    Archives of Dental Research.2021; 11(2): 103.     CrossRef
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  • 19 Crossref
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Analysis of the shelf life of chitosan stored in different types of packaging, using colorimetry and dentin microhardness
Antonio Miranda da Cruz-Filho, Angelo Rafael de Vito Bordin, Luis Eduardo Souza-Flamini, Débora Fernandes da Costa Guedes, Paulo César Saquy, Ricardo Gariba Silva, Jesus Djalma Pécora
Restor Dent Endod 2017;42(2):87-94.   Published online March 27, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2017.42.2.87
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

Chitosan has been widely investigated and used. However, the literature does not refer to the shelf life of this solution. This study evaluated, through the colorimetric titration technique and an analysis of dentin micro-hardness, the shelf life of 0.2% chitosan solution.

Materials and Methods

Thirty human canines were sectioned, and specimens were obtained from the second and third slices, from cemento-enamel junction to the apex. A 0.2% chitosan solution was prepared and distributed in 3 identical glass bottles (v1, v2, and v3) and 3 plastic bottles (p1, p2, and p3). At 0, 7, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 days, the specimens were immersed in each solution for 5 minutes (n = 3 each). The chelating effect of the solution was assessed by micro-hardness and colorimetric analysis of the dentin specimens. 17% EDTA and distilled water were used as controls. Data were analyzed statistically by two-way and Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison (α = 0.05).

Results

There was no statistically significant difference among the solutions with respect to the study time (p = 0.113) and micro-hardness/time interaction (p = 0.329). Chitosan solutions and EDTA reduced the micro-hardness in a similar manner and differed significantly from the control group (p < 0.001). Chitosan solutions chelated calcium ions throughout the entire experiment.

Conclusions

Regardless of the storage form, chitosan demonstrates a chelating property for a minimum period of 6 months.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Chitosan’s Ability to Remove the Smear Layer—A Systematic Review of Ex Vivo Studies
    Ana Ferreira-Reguera, Inês Ferreira, Irene Pina-Vaz, Benjamín Martín-Biedma, José Martín-Cruces
    Medicina.2025; 61(1): 114.     CrossRef
  • Antimicrobial evaluation of root canal irrigants of natural sources with and without gamma radiation activation - An in vitro study
    Hoda Raafat Yousri, Abeer Hashem Mahran, Ahmed Abdel Rahman Hashem, Amal A. El-Batouti
    Endodontology.2024; 36(4): 383.     CrossRef
  • Influence of Chitosan 0.2% in Various Final Cleaning Methods on the Bond Strength of Fiberglass Post to Intrarradicular Dentin
    Naira Geovana Camilo, Alex da Rocha Gonçalves, Larissa Pinzan Flauzino, Cristiane Martins Rodrigues Bernardes, Andreza Maria Fábio Aranha, Priscilla Cardoso Lazari-Carvalho, Marco Aurélio de Carvalho, Helder Fernandes de Oliveira
    Polymers.2023; 15(22): 4409.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation and comparison of anti-inflammatory properties of ibuprofen using two drug delivery systems after third molar surgery: using chitosan microspheres as a carrier for local drug delivery in to the third molar socket and through the oral route
    Karthik KP, Balamurugan R
    British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.2021; 59(2): 191.     CrossRef
  • Optimization of chitosan nanoparticle synthesis and its potential application as germination elicitor of Oryza sativa L.
    K. Divya, Smitha Vijayan, Sreekumar Janardanan Nair, M.S. Jisha
    International Journal of Biological Macromolecules.2019; 124: 1053.     CrossRef
  • Crosstalk between chitosan and cell signaling pathways
    Behrouz Farhadihosseinabadi, Amir Zarebkohan, Mohamad Eftekhary, Mohammad Heiat, Mehrdad Moosazadeh Moghaddam, Mazaher Gholipourmalekabadi
    Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences.2019; 76(14): 2697.     CrossRef
  • 142 View
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  • 6 Crossref
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Carbohydrate-electrolyte drinks exhibit risks for human enamel surface loss
Mary Anne Sampaio de Melo, Vanara Florêncio Passos, Juliana Paiva Marques Lima, Sérgio Lima Santiago, Lidiany Karla Azevedo Rodrigues
Restor Dent Endod 2016;41(4):246-254.   Published online August 16, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2016.41.4.246
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

The aim of this investigation was to give insights into the impact of carbohydrate-electrolyte drinks on the likely capacity of enamel surface dissolution and the influence of human saliva exposure as a biological protective factor.

Materials and Methods

The pH, titratable acidity (TA) to pH 7.0, and buffer capacity (β) of common beverages ingested by patients under physical activity were analyzed. Then, we randomly distributed 50 specimens of human enamel into 5 groups. Processed and natural coconut water served as controls for testing three carbohydrate-electrolyte drinks. In all specimens, we measured surface microhardness (Knoop hardness numbers) and enamel loss (profilometry, µm) for baseline and after simulated intake cycling exposure model. We also prepared areas of specimens to be exposed to human saliva overnight prior to the simulated intake cycling exposure. The cycles were performed by alternated immersions in beverages and artificial saliva. ANOVA two-way and Tukey HDS tests were used.

Results

The range of pH, TA, and β were 2.85 - 4.81, 8.33 - 46.66 mM/L and 3.48 - 10.25 mM/L × pH, respectively. The highest capacity of enamel surface dissolution was found for commercially available sports drinks for all variables. Single time human saliva exposure failed to significantly promote protective effect for the acidic attack of beverages.

Conclusions

In this study, carbohydrate-electrolyte drinks usually consumed during endurance training may have a greater capacity of dissolution of enamel surface depending on their physicochemical proprieties associated with pH and titratable acidity.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Evaluation of developmentally hypomineralised enamel after surface pretreatment with Papacarie Duo gel and different etching modes: an in vitro SEM and AFM study
    Y.-L. Lee, K. C. Li, C. K. Y. Yiu, D. H. Boyd, M. Ekambaram
    European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry.2022; 23(1): 117.     CrossRef
  • Is the consumption of beverages and food associated to dental erosion? A cross-sectional study in Portuguese athletes
    M.-R.G. Silva, M.-A. Chetti, H. Neves, M.-C. Manso
    Science & Sports.2021; 36(6): 477.e1.     CrossRef
  • Assessment of surface roughness changes on orthodontic acrylic resin by all-in-one spray disinfectant solutions
    Kuei-ling Hsu, Abdulrahman A. Balhaddad, Isadora Martini Garcia, Fabricio Mezzomo Collares, Louis DePaola, Mary Anne Melo
    Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects.2020; 14(2): 77.     CrossRef
  • Nitrate-rich beetroot juice offsets salivary acidity following carbohydrate ingestion before and after endurance exercise in healthy male runners
    Mia C. Burleigh, Nicholas Sculthorpe, Fiona L. Henriquez, Chris Easton, Yi-Hung Liao
    PLOS ONE.2020; 15(12): e0243755.     CrossRef
  • Dental erosion’ prevalence and its relation to isotonic drinks in athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Pedro Henrique Pereira de Queiroz Gonçalves, Ludmila Silva Guimarães, Fellipe Navarro Azevedo de Azeredo, Letícia Maira Wambier, Lívia Azeredo A. Antunes, Leonardo Santos Antunes
    Sport Sciences for Health.2020; 16(2): 207.     CrossRef
  • Atomic force microscopy analysis of enamel nanotopography after interproximal reduction
    Shadi Mohebi, Nazila Ameli
    American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics.2017; 152(3): 295.     CrossRef
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Effect of acidic solutions on the microhardness of dentin and set OrthoMTA and their cytotoxicity on murine macrophage
Soram Oh, Hiran Perinpanayagam, Yoon Lee, Jae-Won Kum, Yeon-Jee Yoo, Sang-Min Lim, Seok Woo Chang, Won-Jun Shon, Woocheol Lee, Seung-Ho Baek, Kee-Yeon Kum
Restor Dent Endod 2016;41(1):12-21.   Published online December 1, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2016.41.1.12
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

To evaluate the effects of three acids on the microhardness of set mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and root dentin, and cytotoxicity on murine macrophage.

Materials and Methods

OrthoMTA (BioMTA) was mixed and packed into the human root dentin blocks of 1.5 mm diameter and 5 mm height. Four groups, each of ten roots, were exposed to 10% citric acid (CA), 5% glycolic acid (GA), 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and saline for five minutes after setting of the OrthoMTA. Vickers surface microhardness of set MTA and dentin was measured before and after exposure to solutions, and compared between groups using one-way ANOVA with Tukey test. The microhardness value of each group was analyzed using student t test. Acid-treated OrthoMTA and dentin was examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Cell viability of tested solutions was assessed using WST-8 assay and murine macrophage.

Results

Three test solutions reduced microhardness of dentin. 17% EDTA demonstrated severe dentinal erosion, significantly reduced the dentinal microhardness compared to 10% CA (p = 0.034) or 5% GA (p = 0.006). 10% CA or 5% GA significantly reduced the surface microhardness of set MTA compared to 17% EDTA and saline (p < 0.001). Acid-treated OrthoMTA demonstrated microporous structure with destruction of globular crystal. EDTA exhibited significantly more cellular toxicity than the other acidic solutions at diluted concentrations (0.2, 0.5, 1.0%).

Conclusions

Tested acidic solutions reduced microhardness of root dentin. Five minute's application of 10% CA and 5% GA significantly reduced the microhardness of set OrthoMTA with lower cellular cytotoxicity compared to 17% EDTA.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
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    Nandini T. Niranjan, Protim Ghosh Dastidar, Raghavendra Penukonda, Galvin Sim Siang Lin, Roopa Babannavar, Arun Jaysheel, Harshada Pattar
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    Arzu Şahin Mantı, Bağdagül Helvacıoğlu Kıvanç
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Effect of organic acids in dental biofilm on microhardness of a silorane-based composite
Sedighe Sadat Hashemikamangar, Seyed Jalal Pourhashemi, Mohammad Talebi, Nazanin Kiomarsi, Mohammad Javad Kharazifard
Restor Dent Endod 2015;40(3):188-194.   Published online June 2, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2015.40.3.188
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

This study evaluated the effect of lactic acid and acetic acid on the microhardness of a silorane-based composite compared to two methacrylate-based composite resins.

Materials and Methods

Thirty disc-shaped specimens each were fabricated of Filtek P90, Filtek Z250 and Filtek Z350XT. After measuring of Vickers microhardness, they were randomly divided into 3 subgroups (n = 10) and immersed in lactic acid, acetic acid or distilled water. Microhardness was measured after 48 hr and 7 day of immersion. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA (p < 0.05). The surfaces of two additional specimens were evaluated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) before and after immersion.

Results

All groups showed a reduction in microhardness after 7 day of immersion (p < 0.001). At baseline and 7 day, the microhardness of Z250 was the greatest, followed by Z350 and P90 (p < 0.001). At 48 hr, the microhardness values of Z250 and Z350 were greater than P90 (p < 0.001 for both), but those of Z250 and Z350 were not significantly different (p = 0.095). Also, the effect of storage media on microhardness was not significant at baseline, but significant at 48 hr and after 7 day (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Lactic acid had the greatest effect.

Conclusions

The microhardness of composites decreased after 7 day of immersion. The microhardness of P90 was lower than that of other composites. Lactic acid caused a greater reduction in microhardness compared to other solutions.

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Effect of resin thickness on the microhardness and optical properties of bulk-fill resin composites
Eun-Ha Kim, Kyoung-Hwa Jung, Sung-Ae Son, Bock Hur, Yong-Hoon Kwon, Jeong-Kil Park
Restor Dent Endod 2015;40(2):128-135.   Published online January 13, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2015.40.2.128
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

This study evaluated the effects of the resin thickness on the microhardness and optical properties of bulk-fill resin composites.

Methods

Four bulk-fill (Venus Bulk Fill, Heraeus Kulzer; SDR, Dentsply Caulk; Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill, Ivoclar vivadent; SonicFill, Kerr) and two regular resin composites (Charisma flow, Heraeus Kulzer; Tetric N-Ceram, Ivoclar vivadent) were used. Sixty acrylic cylindrical molds were prepared for each thickness (2, 3 and 4 mm). The molds were divided into six groups for resin composites. The microhardness was measured on the top and bottom surfaces, and the colors were measured using Commission Internationale d'Eclairage (CIE) L*a*b* system. Color differences according to the thickness and translucency parameters and the correlations between the microhardness and translucency parameter were analyzed. The microhardness and color differences were analyzed by ANOVA and Scheffe's post hoc test, and a student t-test, respectively. The level of significance was set to α = 0.05.

Results

The microhardness decreased with increasing resin thickness. The bulk-fill resin composites showed a bottom/top hardness ratio of almost 80% or more in 4 mm thick specimens. The highest translucency parameter was observed in Venus Bulk Fill. All resin composites used in this study except for Venus Bulk Fill showed linear correlations between the microhardness and translucency parameter according to the thickness.

Conclusions

Within the limitations of this study, the bulk-fill resin composites used in this study can be placed and cured properly in the 4 mm bulk.

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Effect of intracanal medicaments used in endodontic regeneration procedures on microhardness and chemical structure of dentin
Ghaeth Hamdon Yassen, George Joseph Eckert, Jeffrey Allen Platt
Restor Dent Endod 2015;40(2):104-112.   Published online December 24, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2015.40.2.104
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

This study was performed to investigate the effects of different intracanal medicaments on chemical structure and microhardness of dentin.

Materials and Methods

Fifty human dentin discs were obtained from intact third molars and randomly assigned into two control groups and three treatment groups. The first control group received no treatment. The second control group (no medicament group) was irrigated with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), stored in humid environment for four weeks and then irrigated with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The three treatment groups were irrigated with NaOCl, treated for four weeks with either 1 g/mL triple antibiotic paste (TAP), 1 mg/mL methylcellulose-based triple antibiotic paste (DTAP), or calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] and finally irrigated with EDTA. After treatment, one half of each dentin disc was subjected to Vickers microhardness (n = 10 per group) and the other half was used to evaluate the chemical structure (phosphate/amide I ratio) of treated dentin utilizing attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (n = 5 per group). One-way ANOVA followed by Fisher's least significant difference were used for statistical analyses.

Results

Dentin discs treated with different intracanal medicaments and those treated with NaOCl + EDTA showed significant reduction in microhardness (p < 0.0001) and phosphate/amide I ratio (p < 0.05) compared to no treatment control dentin. Furthermore, dentin discs treated with TAP had significantly lower microhardness (p < 0.0001) and phosphate/amide I ratio (p < 0.0001) compared to all other groups.

Conclusions

The use of DTAP or Ca(OH)2 medicaments during endodontic regeneration may cause significantly less microhardness reduction and superficial demineralization of dentin compared to the use of TAP.

Citations

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Surface microhardness of three thicknesses of mineral trioxide aggregate in different setting conditions
Noushin Shokouhinejad, Leila Jafargholizadeh, Mehrfam Khoshkhounejad, Mohammad Hossein Nekoofar, Maryam Raoof
Restor Dent Endod 2014;39(4):253-257.   Published online August 20, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2014.39.4.253
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

This study aimed to compare the surface microhardness of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) samples having different thicknesses and exposed to human blood from one side and with or without a moist cotton pellet on the other side.

Materials and Methods

Ninety cylindrical molds with three heights of 2, 4, and 6 mm were fabricated. In group 1 (dry condition), molds with heights of 2, 4, and 6 mm (10 molds of each) were filled with ProRoot MTA (Dentsply Tulsa Dental), and the upper surface of the material was not exposed to any additional moisture. In groups 2 and 3, a distilled water- or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-moistened cotton pellet was placed on the upper side of MTA, respectively. The lower side of the molds in all the groups was in contact with human blood-wetted foams. After 4 day, the Vickers microhardness of the upper surface of MTA was measured.

Results

In the dry condition, the 4 and 6 mm-thick MTA samples showed significantly lower microhardness than the 2 mm-thick samples (p = 0.003 and p = 0.001, respectively). However, when a distilled water- or PBS-moistened cotton pellet was placed over the MTA, no significant difference was found between the surface microhardness of samples having the abovementioned three thicknesses of the material (p = 0.210 and p = 0.112, respectively).

Conclusions

It could be concluded that a moist cotton pellet must be placed over the 4 to 6 mm-thick MTA for better hydration of the material. However, this might not be necessary when 2 mm-thick MTA is used.

Citations

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    Radovan Žižka, Radim Čtvrtlík, Jan Tomáštík, Kamila Fačevicová, Ondřej Vencálek, Jiří Šedý, David Marinčák
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    S. Proksch, J. Brossart, K. Vach, E. Hellwig, M. J. Altenburger, L. Karygianni
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Color and hardness changes in artificial white spot lesions after resin infiltration
Ji-Hoon Kim, Ho-Hyun Son, Juhea Chang
Restor Dent Endod 2012;37(2):90-95.   Published online May 18, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2012.37.2.90
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of resin infiltration technique on color and surface hardness of white spot lesion (WSL) with various degrees of demineralization.

Materials and Methods

Ten human upper premolars were cut and divided into quarters with a 3 × 4 mm window on the enamel surface. Each specimens were separated into four groups (n = 10) and immersed in demineralization solution to create WSL: control, no treatment (baseline); 12 h, 12 hr demineralization; 24 h, 24 hr demineralization; 48 h, 48 hr demineralization. Resin infiltration was performed to the specimens using Icon (DMG). CIEL*a*b* color parameters of the enamel-dentin complex were determined using a spectroradiometer at baseline, after caries formation and after resin infiltration. Surface hardness was measured by Vickers Micro Hardness Tester (Shimadzu, HMV-2). The differences in color and hardness among the groups were analyzed with ANOVA followed by Tukey test.

Results

Resin infiltration induced color changes and increased the hardness of demineralized enamel. After resin infiltration, there was no difference in color change (ΔE*) or microhardness among the groups (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

There was no difference in the effect of resin infiltration on color and hardness among groups with different extents of demineralization.

Citations

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  • Effect of CPP-ACPF, resin infiltration, and colloidal silica infiltration on surface microhardness of artificial white spot lesions in primary teeth: An in vitro study
    ArantaAvinash Chindane, AnilT Patil, B Sandhyarani
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  • IMMEDIATE RESULT OF ICON INFILTRATION IN WHITE SPOT LESIONS CAUSED BY FLUOROSIS: A CASE REPORT
    Al-Sadi Abdulaziz Nasser Zain, P.M. Skrypnykov, V.I. Shynkevych, O.A. Pysarenko
    Ukrainian Dental Almanac.2022; (2): 34.     CrossRef
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    Nishita Rana, Namita Singh, Shaila, Abi. M. Thomas, Rajan Jairath
    Biomaterial Investigations in Dentistry.2021; 8(1): 64.     CrossRef
  • Spectrophotometric Evaluation of Color Change in Tooth Enamel Defects Using Resin Infiltrate: An In Vivo Study
    Anil Gupta, Shikha Dogra, Sakshi Joshi, Vimanyu Kataria, Jyotika Saini, Monika Nagpal, Payal Narula
    International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry.2020; 13(2): 150.     CrossRef
  • Effect of Casein Phosphopeptide–amorphous Calcium Phosphate and Calcium Sodium Phosphosilicate on Artificial Carious Lesions: Anin vitroStudy
    Iqra Chaudhary, Abhay M Tripathi
    International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry.2017; 10(3): 261.     CrossRef
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    Deepesh Prajapati, Rashmi Nayak, Deepika Pai, Nagraj Upadhya, Vipin K Bhaskar, Pujan Kamath
    International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry.2017; 10(3): 250.     CrossRef
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    Tae-Young Park, Han-Sol Choi, Hee-Won Ku, Hyun-Su Kim, Yoo-Jin Lee, Jeong-Bum Min
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Basic Research
Effect of the difference in spectral outputs of the single and dual-peak LEDs on the microhardness and the color stability of resin composites
Hye-Jung Park, Sung-Ae Son, Bock Hur, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Yong-Hoon Kwon, Jeong-Kil Park
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2011;36(2):108-113.   Published online March 31, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2011.36.2.108
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

To determine the effect of the spectral output of single and dual-peak light emitting diode (LED) curing lights on the microhardness and color stability of commercial resin composites formulated with camphorquinone and alternative photoinitiators in combination.

Materials and Methods

Three light-polymerized resin composites (Z100 (3M ESPE), Tetric Ceram (Ivoclar Vivadent) and Aelite LS Posterior (Bisco)) with different photoinitiator systems were used. The resin composites were packed into a Teflon mold (8 mm diameter and 2 mm thickness) on a cover glass. After packing the composites, they were light cured with single-peak and dual-peak LEDs. The Knoop microhardness (KHN) and color difference (ΔE) for 30 days were measured. The data was analyzed statistically using a student's t-test (p < 0.05).

Results

All resin composites showed improved microhardness when a third-generation dual-peak LED light was used. The color stability was also higher for all resin composites with dual-peak LEDs. However, there was a significant difference only for Aelite LS Posterior.

Conclusions

The dual-peak LEDs have a beneficial effect on the microhardness and color stability of resin composites formulated with a combination of camphorquinone and alternative photoinitiators.

Citations

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  • Effect of irradiance from curing units on the microhardness of composite - a systematic review
    Neenu Francis, Rakesh R. Rajan, Vijay Kumar, Anju Varughese, Vineetha Karuveetil, C. M. Sapna
    Evidence-Based Dentistry.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Micro-computed tomography evaluation of volumetric polymerization shrinkage and degree of conversion of composites cured by various light power outputs
    Pablo J. ATRIA, Camila S. SAMPAIO, Eduardo CÁCERES, Jessica FERNÁNDEZ, Andre F. REIS, Marcelo GIANNINI, Paulo G. COELHO, Ronaldo HIRATA
    Dental Materials Journal.2018; 37(1): 33.     CrossRef
  • Effect of the irradiance distribution from light curing units on the local micro-hardness of the surface of dental resins
    Thomas Haenel, Berenika Hausnerová, Johannes Steinhaus, Richard B.T. Price, Braden Sullivan, Bernhard Moeginger
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  • 1,3-Butadiene as an Adhesion Promoter Between Composite Resin and Dental Ceramic in a Dielectric Barrier Discharge Jet
    Geum-Jun Han, Sung-No Chung, Bae-Hyeock Chun, Chang-Keun Kim, Kyu Hwan Oh, Byeong-Hoon Cho
    Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing.2013; 33(2): 539.     CrossRef
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    Chang-Gyu Kim, Ho-Jin Moon, Dong-Hoon Shin
    Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2011; 36(4): 313.     CrossRef
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Original Articles
Effect of pre-heating on some physical properties of composite resin
Myoung Uk Jin, Sung Kyo Kim
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2009;34(1):30-37.   Published online January 31, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2009.34.1.030
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of pre-heating on some physical properties of composite resin.

Eighty extracted, noncarious human molars were used in the present study. Four different temperatures of composite resin were used: 4℃, 17℃, 48℃, and 56℃. The 4℃ and 17℃ values represented the refrigerator storage temperature and room temperature respectively. For 48℃ and 56℃, composite resin was heated to the temperatures. As physical properties of composite resin, shear bond strength, microhardness, and degree of conversion were measured. The data for each group were subjected to one-way ANOVAs followed by the Tukey's HSD test at 95% confidence level.

Both in enamel and dentin, among composite resin of 4℃, 17℃, 48℃, and 56℃, the pre-heated composite resin up to 56℃ revealed the highest shear bond strength, and pre-heated composite resin to the higher temperature revealed higher shear bond strength.

Microhardness value was also higher with composite resin of higher temperature.

Degree of conversion was also higher with composite resin of the higher temperature.

In this study, it seems that pre-heating composite resin up to the higher temperature may show higher shear bond strength, higher microhardness value, and higher degree of conversion. Therefore, when using composite resin in the clinic, preheating the composite resin could be recommended to have enhanced physical properties of it.

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  • Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength of Lithium Disilicate Veneers Using Pre-heated Resin Composite With Two Conventional Resin Cements: An In Vitro Study
    Ghalia Akyle, Hassan Achour
    Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The different effects of preheating and heat treatment on the surface microhardness of nanohybrid resin composite
    Brelian Elok Septyarini, Irfan Dwiandhono, Dian N. Agus Imam
    Dental Journal.2020; 53(1): 6.     CrossRef
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Polymerization of dual cured composites by different thickness
Yun Ju Kim, Myoung Uk Jin, Sung Kyo Kim, Tae-Yub Kwon, Young Kyung Kim
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2008;33(3):169-176.   Published online May 31, 2008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2008.33.3.169
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of thickness, filling methods and curing methods on the polymerization of dual cured core materials by means of microhardness test.

Two dual cured core materials, MultiCore Flow (Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan, Liechtenstein) and Bis-Core (Bisco Inc., Schaumburg, IL, USA) were used in this study. 2 mm (bulky filled), 4 mm (bulky filled), 6 mm (bulky and incrementally filled) and 8 mm (bulky and incrementally filled)-thickness specimens were prepared with light cure or self cure mode. After storage at 37℃ for 24 hours, the Knoop hardness values (KHN) of top and bottom surfaces were measured and the microhardness ratio of top and bottom surfaces was calculated. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Scheffe multiple comparison test, with α = 0.05.

The effect of thickness on the polymerization of dual cured composites showed material specific results. In 2, 4 and 6 mm groups, the KHN of two materials were not affected by thickness. However, in 8 mm group of MultiCore Flow, the KHN of the bottom surface was lower than those of other groups (p < 0.05). The effect of filling methods on the polymerization of dual cured composites was different by their thickness or materials. In 6 mm thickness, there was no significant difference between bulk and incremental filling groups. In 8 mm thickness, Bis-Core showed no significant difference between groups. However, in MultiCore Flow, the microhardness ratio of bulk filling group was lower than that of incremental filling group (p < 0.05). The effect of curing methods on the polymerization of dual cured composites showed material specific results. In Bis-Core, the KHN of dual cured group were higher than those of self cured group at both surfaces (p < 0.05). However, in MultiCore Flow, the results were not similar at both surfaces. At the top surface, dual cured group showed higher KHN than that of self cured group (p < 0.05). However, in the bottom surface, dual cured group showed lower value than that of self cured group (p < 0.05).

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  • Effect of curing modes on micro-hardness of dual-cure resin cements
    Ki-Deok Lee, Se-Hee Park, Jin-Woo Kim, Kyung-Mo Cho
    Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2011; 36(2): 132.     CrossRef
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The effects of tooth bleaching agents on microhardness of enamel in situ
Yoon-Woo Park, Se-Hee Park, Jin-Woo Kim, Kyung-Mo Cho
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2006;31(6):470-476.   Published online November 30, 2006
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2006.31.6.470
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

The objective of this in situ study was to evaluate the effects of whitening strip (Claren, LG Household & Health Care Ltd, 2.6% hydrogen peroxide) and gel (Opalescence, Ultradent, 10% carbamide peroxide) on microhardness of enamel in comparison with untreated control. Extracted twenty human upper incisors were disinfected, cleaned, and labial side of each incisor sectioned into 3 fragments by 2 × 2 mm size. After sectioning, labial sides of fragments were flattened and fixed to orthodontic bracket using flowable composite resin. Specimens prepared from each tooth were attached to the labial side of upper incisors of twenty volunteers one by one and treated by three different methods: (1) untreated control (2) treated with whitening strip for 14 days (3) treated with whitening gel for 14 days.

Microhardness (Microhardness tester, Zwick) of each specimen was measured at the baseline of pre-treatment, immediate after bleaching treatment, 14 days after bleaching treatment and Knoop Hardness Number was determined. Microhardness changes of experimental groups were compared.

The results show that tooth whitening strip and gel used in this study does not effect the micro-hardness of enamel during bleaching procedure.

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  • Surface Damage and Bleaching Effect according to the Application Type of Home Tooth Bleaching Applicants
    Na-Yeoun Tak, Do-Seon Lim, Hee-Jung Lim, Im-Hee Jung
    Journal of Dental Hygiene Science.2020; 20(4): 252.     CrossRef
  • Effect of the bleaching light on whitening efficacy
    Jong-Hyun Park, Hye-Jin Shin, Deok-Young Park, Se-Hee Park, Jin-Woo Kim, Kyung-Mo Cho
    Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2009; 34(2): 95.     CrossRef
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Influence of thickness on the degree of cure of composite resin core material
Pyoung-Cheol Kwon, Jeong-Won Park
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2006;31(5):352-358.   Published online September 30, 2006
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2006.31.5.352
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of thickness on the degree of cure of dual-cured composite core.

2, 4, 6, 8 mm thickness Luxacore Dual and Luxacore Self (DMG Inc, Hamburg, Germany) core composites were cured by bulk or incremental filling with halogen curing unit or self-cure mode. The specimens were stored at 37℃ for 24 hours and the Knoop's hardness of top and bottom surfaces were measured.

The statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Tukey's test at p = 0.05 significance level.

In self cure mode, polymerization is not affected by the thickness. In Luxacore dual, polymerization of the bottom surface was effective in 2, 4 and 6 (incremental) mm specimens. However the 6 (bulk) and 8 (bulk, incremental) mm filling groups showed lower bottom/top hardness ratio (p < 0.05). Within the limitation of this experiment, incremental filling is better than bulk filling in case of over 4 mm depth, and bulk filling should be avoided.

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  • A Study of Composite Surface Hardness When Cured Using Special Accessories with a Curing Light
    Samir Koheil
    Dental Research and Management.2020; : 11.     CrossRef
  • Effect of curing modes on micro-hardness of dual-cure resin cements
    Ki-Deok Lee, Se-Hee Park, Jin-Woo Kim, Kyung-Mo Cho
    Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2011; 36(2): 132.     CrossRef
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Effect of each light curing units on the microhardness and microleakage of composite resin
Eu-Jin Jung, Hee-Joo Lee, Bock Hur
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2004;29(1):58-65.   Published online January 31, 2004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2004.29.1.058
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

The objectives of this study was to evaluate current visible light curing units regarding microhardness and microleakage. Fourty samples of composite resin(Z-250, 3M) were cured by different light curing units(Flipo, LOKKI; Credi II, 3M; XL 3000, 3M; Optilux 500,Demetron) in acrylic blocks. Microhardness was measured using a calibrated Vickers indenter on both top and bottom surfaces after 24 hours of storage in air at room temperature. Class V cavities were prepared on buccal and lingual surfaces of fourty extracted human molars. Each margin was on enamel and dentin/cementum. Composite resin(Z-250, 3M) was filled in cavities and cured by four different light curing units(Flipo, LOKKI; Credi II, 3M; XL 3000, 3M; Optilux 500, Demetron).

The results of this syudy were as follows:

Microhardness

1. Flipo showed low microhardness compared to Optilux 500, Credi II significantly in upper surface. Flipo didn't show a significant difference compared to XL 3000.

2. The microhardness resulting from curing with Flipo was lower than that of others on lower surfaces.

Microleakage

1. Dentin margin showed significantly high dye penetration rate than enamel margin in all groups(p<0.05).

2. No significant differences were found on both enamel and dentin margin regarding curing units.

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  • Comparison of Surface Microhardness of the Flowable Bulk-Fill Resin and the Packable Bulk-Fill Resin according to Light Curing Time and Distance
    Hyung-Min Kim, Moon-Jin Jeong, Hee-Jung Lim, Do-Seon Lim
    Journal of Dental Hygiene Science.2023; 23(2): 123.     CrossRef
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Influence of microhardness and fluoride content of tooth structure by fluoride-containing restorative materials
Su-Jong Lee, Young-Gon Cho, Jong-Uk Kim, Byung-Cheul Park
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2004;29(1):36-43.   Published online January 31, 2004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2004.29.1.036
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

The purpose of this study was to compare the microhardness and the fluoride content of enamel and dentin around fluoride- or non fluoride-containing restorations. Forty extracted human teeth were used and prepared cervical cavities on proximal surface. Experimental teeth were divided into five groups. Group 1 : Prime & Bond NT and Z100, Group 2 : Prime & Bond NT and F2000, Group 3 : Scotchbond Multi-Purpose and Z100, Group 4 : Scothcbond Multi-purpose and F2000, Group 5 : Fuji II LC. The cavities were filled with dentin adhesives and restorative materials. After each tooth was bisected, one half was tested microhardness and the other half was analyzed the fluoride at the enamel and dentin by an EPMA-WDX device. The results were as follows:

1. There was no statistical difference among the microhardness of enamel surface in all group.

2. The microhardness at dentin of 100 µm point in Group 2 and 20 µm point in Group 4 was lower than that of normal dentin (p>0.05).

3. There was no statistical difference among the fluoride content of enamel surface in all group.

4. The fluoride content at the dentin of 30 µm point in Group 2 and 5 were higher than those at 100 µm and 200 µm point in Group 2 and normal dentin (p<0.05).

5. At the dentin of 30 µm point, Group 2 showed higher fluoride content than Group 1 and 3, and Group 5 showed higher fluoride content than other groups.

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Polymerization ability of several light curing sources on composite resin
Hye-Jin Shin, Jin-Woo Kim, Kyung-Mo Cho
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2003;28(2):156-161.   Published online March 31, 2003
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2003.28.2.156
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the polymerization ability of three different light sources by microhardness test. Stainless steel molds of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mm in thickness of 7 mm in diameter were prepared. The hybrid composite Z100 was packed into the hole of the mold and curing light was activated for designated time. Three different light sources, conventional halogen, light emitting diode, and plasma arc, were used for curing of composite. Two different curing times applied; one is to follow the manufacturer's recommendation and the other is to extend the curing time of LED and plasma arc for balancing the light energy with halogen. Immediately after curing, the Vickers hardness was measured at the bottom of specimen.

The results were as follows.

The composite cured with LED showed equal to higher microhardnesss than halogen.

The composite was cured with plasma arc by manufacturer's recommendation showed lowest microhardness at all thickness. However, when curing time was extended, microhardness was higher than the others.

In conclusion, this study suggested that plasma arc needs properly extended curing time.

Citations

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  • Power density of light curing units through resin inlays fabricated with direct and indirect composites
    Hoon-Sang Chang, Young-Jun Lim, Jeong-Mi Kim, Sung-Ok Hong
    Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2010; 35(5): 353.     CrossRef
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Mechanical properties and microleakage of composite resin materials cured by variable light intensities
Seung-Ryul Han, Kyung-San Min, Dong-Hoon Shin
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2003;28(2):134-145.   Published online March 31, 2003
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2003.28.2.134
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

Mechanical properties and microleakage of two composites [conventional hybrid type DenFil (VERICOM Co., Anyang, Korea) / micro matrix hybrid type Esthet X (Dentsply Caulk, Milford, DE, U.S.A.)] were evaluated to assess whether variable light intensity curing is better than conventional curing technique.

Curing was done for 40 seconds in two ways of 2 step soft-start technique and 5 step ramping technique. Three kinds of light intensities of 50, 100, 200 mW/cm2 were initially used for 10, 20, 30 seconds each and the maximum intensity of 600 mW/cm2 was used for the rest of curing time in a soft-start curing technique. In a ramping technique, curing was done with the same initial intensities and the light intensity was increased 5 times with the same rate to the maximum intensity of 600 mW/cm2.

After determining conditions that showed no different mechanical properties with conventional technique, Esthet X composite was filled in a class V cavity, which dimension was 4×3×1.5 mm and cured under those conditions.

Microleakage was evaluated in two ways of dye penetration and maximum gap estimation through SEM observation. ANOVA and Spearman's rho test were used to confirm any statistical significance among groups.

The results were as follows:

Several curing conditions of variable light intensities resulted in the similar mechanical properties with a conventional continuous curing technique, except conditions that start curing with an initial light intensity of 50 mW/cm2,

Conventional and ramping techniques were better than soft-start technique in mechanical properties of microhardness and compressive strength.

Soft-start group that started curing with an initial light intensity of 100 mW/cm2 for 10 seconds showed the least dye penetration. Soft-start group that started curing with an initial light intensity of 200 mW/cm2 for 10 seconds showed the smallest marginal gap, if there was no difference among groups.

Soft-start technique resulted in better dye-proof margin than conventional technique (p=0.014) and ramping technique(p=0.002).

There was a very low relationship(p=0.157) between the methods of dye penetration and marginal gap determination through SEM evaluation.

From the results of this study, it was revealed that ramping technique would be better than conventional technique in mechanical properties, however, soft-start technique might be better than conventional one in microleakage.

It was concluded that much endeavor should be made to find out the curing conditions, which have advantages of both aspects or to solve these kinds of problems through a novel idea of polymerization.

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MICROHARDNESS AND MICROLEAKAGE OF COMPOSITE RESIN CURED BY VISIBLE LIGHT WITH VARIOUS BAND OF WAVELENGTH
Soo-Man Park, Jae-Yong Lee, Seung-Ryul Han, Sang-Yoon Ha, Dong-Hoon Shin
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2002;27(4):403-410.   Published online January 14, 2002
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2002.27.4.403
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
ABSTRACT

Several ways of curing are being tried to improve material’s properties and reduce marginal gap. However, all are considering about the pattern of light intensity. It was noted from the preliminary study the change of light wavelength from filter changing may give an impact on material’s property and microleakage.

The object of this study was to verify the effect of filters with various wavelength width on the microhardness and microleakage of composite resin; hybrid type of DenFil and submicron hybrid type of Esthet X. Composite resins were cured using 3 kinds of filter; narrow-banded(465-475 nm), mid-banded(430-470 nm), wide-banded(400-500 nm). After the estimation of microhardness, degree of dye penetration and the maximum gap from SEM evaluation were done between 4 groups that showed no difference in microhardness value of the lower surface.

The results were as follows:

Adequate microhardness could not be gained with a narrow-banded filter irrespective of curing time. At the upper surface, DenFil should be polymerized with middle or wide-banded filter for 20 seconds at least, while Esthet X be cured with middle or wide-banded filter for 30 seconds at least to get similar hardness value to control group.

There was little dye penetration in enamel margin, but all dentin margins showed much more dye penetration irrespective of curing conditions. Although there was no statistical difference, groups cured with mid-banded filter for 40 seconds and with wide-width filter for 20 seconds showed relatively less dye penetration.

It was revealed from the SEM examination that group cured with wide-banded filter had the smallest gap without statistical significance. Spearman’s rho test showed that the correlation between the results of dye penetration and SEM examination was very low.

From these results, it could be concluded that curing with wide-width filter would be better than the other techniques, even though the curing technique using mid-width filter seems to have its own unique advantage.

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  • The Effect of Two Different Light-Curing Units and Curing Times on Bulk-Fill Restorative Materials
    Gokcen Deniz Bayrak, Elif Yaman-Dosdogru, Senem Selvi-Kuvvetli
    Polymers.2022; 14(9): 1885.     CrossRef
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