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HOME > Restor Dent Endod > Volume 34(4); 2009 > Article
Original Article A retrospective study on incidence of C-shaped canals in mandibular second molars
Hee-Sun Kim
2009;34(4):-349.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2009.34.4.346
Published online: July 31, 2009

SMG-SNU Boramae Hospital, Korea.

Corresponding author: Hee-Sun Kim. SMG-SNU Boramae Hospital, 425 Shindaebang-dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-707, Korea. Tel: 82-2-870-2502, Fax: 82-2-831-0714, hskim905@freechal.com
• Received: June 1, 2009   • Revised: June 5, 2009   • Accepted: June 6, 2009

Copyright © 2009 The Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry

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  • Mandibular second molars have many variations in canal configuration. Technical modifications in cleaning, shaping and obturation are required. The purpose of this study was to investigate the root canal anatomy of mandibular second molars. 86 teeth of 85 patients were accessed and evaluated with taking radiographs for working length determination. 27 teeth(31.4%) had C-shaped canals, 43 teeth(50%) had 3 canals, 11 teeth(12.7%) had 4 canals, 5 teeth(5.8%) had 2 canals. Incidence of C-shaped canal was 31.7% in male and 31.1% in female. 30.9% of left mandibular second molar and 31.8% of right mandibular second molar showed C-shaped canals.
  • Keywords: mandibular second molar; canal shape; C-shaped canal; radiograph
Table 1
Incidence of root canal types
jkacd-34-346-i001.jpg
Table 2
Incidence of C-shaped canal
jkacd-34-346-i002.jpg
  • 1. Dankner E, Freidman S, Stabholz A. Bilateral C shaped configurations in maxillary first molars. J Endod. 1990;16: 601-603.PubMed
  • 2. Lambrianidis T, Lyroudia K, Pandelidou O, Nicolaou A. Evaluation of periapical radiographs in the recognition of C-shaped mandibular second molars. Int Endod J. 2001;34: 458-464.ArticlePubMedPDF
  • 3. Cooke HG, Cox FL. C-shaped canal configurations in mandibular molars. J Am Dent Assoc. 1979;99: 836-839.ArticlePubMed
  • 4. Yang ZP, Yang SF, Lin YL. C-shaped root canals in mandibular first molars in Chinese population. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1988;4: 160-163.PubMed
  • 5. Weine FS. The C-shaped mandibular second molar: incidence and other considerations. J Endod. 1998;24: 372-375.ArticlePubMed
  • 6. Bolger WL, Schnidler WG. A mandibular first molar with a C-shaped root configuration. J Endod. 1998;14: 515-519.ArticlePubMed
  • 7. Melton DC, Krell KV, Fuller MW. Anatomical and histological features of C-shaped canals in mandibular second molars. J Endod. 1991;17: 384-388.ArticlePubMed
  • 8. Rice RT, Gilbert BO Jr. An unusual canal configuration in a mandibular first molar. J Endod. 1987;13: 513-515.
  • 9. Fan B, Cheung GS, Fan M, Gutman JL, Bian Z. C-shaped canal system in mandibular second molars: Part I-Anatomical features. J Endod. 2004;30: 899-903.ArticlePubMed
  • 10. Manning SA. Root canal anatomy of mandibular second molars. Part II: C-shaped canals. Int Endod J. 1990;23: 40-45.PubMed
  • 11. Al-Fouzan KS. C-shaped root canals in mandibular second molars in a Saudi Arabian population. Int Endod J. 2002;35: 499-504.ArticlePubMed
  • 12. Seo MS, Park DS. C-shaped root canals of mandibular second molars in a Korean population: clinical observation and in vitro analysis. Int Endod J. 2004;37: 139-144.PubMed
  • 13. Lee DG, Park JM, Hwang HK. A study on the c-shaped root canal system of mandibular second molar. J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2007;32: 335-342.Article
  • 14. Lyroudia K, Samakoitis G, Pitas I, Lambrianidis T, Molyvdas I, Mikrogeorgis G. 3D reconstruction of two C-shaped mandibular molars. J Endod. 1997;23: 101-104.PubMed
  • 15. Chun KJ, Yoo OS. Morphological Study of the Mandibular Second Molar Using a Micro-CT. J Korean Soc Precision Eng. 2007;24(12):13-19.

Tables & Figures

Table 1
Incidence of root canal types
jkacd-34-346-i001.jpg
Table 2
Incidence of C-shaped canal
jkacd-34-346-i002.jpg

REFERENCES

  • 1. Dankner E, Freidman S, Stabholz A. Bilateral C shaped configurations in maxillary first molars. J Endod. 1990;16: 601-603.PubMed
  • 2. Lambrianidis T, Lyroudia K, Pandelidou O, Nicolaou A. Evaluation of periapical radiographs in the recognition of C-shaped mandibular second molars. Int Endod J. 2001;34: 458-464.ArticlePubMedPDF
  • 3. Cooke HG, Cox FL. C-shaped canal configurations in mandibular molars. J Am Dent Assoc. 1979;99: 836-839.ArticlePubMed
  • 4. Yang ZP, Yang SF, Lin YL. C-shaped root canals in mandibular first molars in Chinese population. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1988;4: 160-163.PubMed
  • 5. Weine FS. The C-shaped mandibular second molar: incidence and other considerations. J Endod. 1998;24: 372-375.ArticlePubMed
  • 6. Bolger WL, Schnidler WG. A mandibular first molar with a C-shaped root configuration. J Endod. 1998;14: 515-519.ArticlePubMed
  • 7. Melton DC, Krell KV, Fuller MW. Anatomical and histological features of C-shaped canals in mandibular second molars. J Endod. 1991;17: 384-388.ArticlePubMed
  • 8. Rice RT, Gilbert BO Jr. An unusual canal configuration in a mandibular first molar. J Endod. 1987;13: 513-515.
  • 9. Fan B, Cheung GS, Fan M, Gutman JL, Bian Z. C-shaped canal system in mandibular second molars: Part I-Anatomical features. J Endod. 2004;30: 899-903.ArticlePubMed
  • 10. Manning SA. Root canal anatomy of mandibular second molars. Part II: C-shaped canals. Int Endod J. 1990;23: 40-45.PubMed
  • 11. Al-Fouzan KS. C-shaped root canals in mandibular second molars in a Saudi Arabian population. Int Endod J. 2002;35: 499-504.ArticlePubMed
  • 12. Seo MS, Park DS. C-shaped root canals of mandibular second molars in a Korean population: clinical observation and in vitro analysis. Int Endod J. 2004;37: 139-144.PubMed
  • 13. Lee DG, Park JM, Hwang HK. A study on the c-shaped root canal system of mandibular second molar. J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2007;32: 335-342.Article
  • 14. Lyroudia K, Samakoitis G, Pitas I, Lambrianidis T, Molyvdas I, Mikrogeorgis G. 3D reconstruction of two C-shaped mandibular molars. J Endod. 1997;23: 101-104.PubMed
  • 15. Chun KJ, Yoo OS. Morphological Study of the Mandibular Second Molar Using a Micro-CT. J Korean Soc Precision Eng. 2007;24(12):13-19.

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      A retrospective study on incidence of C-shaped canals in mandibular second molars
      J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2009;34(4):346-349.   Published online July 31, 2009
      DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2009.34.4.346
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