Bleaching effect of carbamide peroxide gel on discolored nonvital teeth

Sun-Ah Park; Sun-Ho Kim; Yun-Chan Hwang; Byung-Ju Oh; Chang Youn; Yeong-Joon Park; Sun-Wa Jeong; In-Nam Hwang; Won-Mann Oh

doi:10.5395/JKACD.2002.27.4.441

Articles

Page Path: HOME > Restor Dent Endod > Volume 27(4); 2002 > Article

Original Article Bleaching effect of carbamide peroxide gel on discolored nonvital teeth: Sun-Ah Park, Sun-Ho Kim, Yun-Chan Hwang, Byung-Ju Oh, Chang Youn, Yeong-Joon Park^*, Sun-Wa Jeong^**, In-Nam Hwang, Won-Mann Oh; Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry 2002;27(4):441-447.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2002.27.4.441
Published online: July 31, 2002

Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Korea.

^*Department of Dental Materials, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Korea.

^**Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine, Seonam University, Korea.

20 Views
0 Download

prev next

Full Article

Download PDF

Abstract
REFERENCES

Abstract

The bleaching of discolored nonvital teeth is conservative treatment that satisfy the cosmetic desire. The most common method for this treatment, walking bleaching, is using 30% hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate.

Many alternatives are suggested for preventing the external cervical root resorption that is the common complication of the nonvital teeth bleaching with 30% hydrogen peroxide.

The same extent of oxidation reactions as that resulted by the bleaching with the application of 30% hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate can also be acquired more safely by materials that contain 10% carbamide peroxide, used primarily for the bleaching of vital teeth. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of 10% and 15% carbamide peroxide bleaching gel in nonvatal teeth bleaching.

The internal bleaching of intentionally discolored teeth was performed in vitro with 10% carbamide peroxide (Group 1), 15% carbamide peroxide (Group 2), mixture of distilled water and sodium perborate (Group 3), and mixture of 30% hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate (Group 4). The bleaching materials were refreshed following 3, 6, 9 and 12 days. To evaluate the bleaching effect, the color change of the crowns was measured at 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 and 15 days of bleaching using the colorimeter.

The results were as follows :

1. L* and ΔE* values were increased with time in all bleaching agents(p<0.01).

2. There was no significant difference in L* and ΔE* value among bleaching agents.

3. ΔE* value higher than 3 was shown after 3 days of bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide gel, 1 day with 15% carbamide peroxide gel, 4 days with mixture sodium perborate and distilled water and 4 days with mixture sodium perborate and 30% hydrogen peroxide, respectively.

These results revealed that the use of 10% and 15% carbamide peroxide bleaching gel in non-vital teeth bleaching is as effective as mixture of distilled water and sodium perborate and mixture of 30% hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate. Accordingly, carbamide peroxide could be used clinically to bleach discolored non-vital teeth.
Keywords: Bleaching; Nonvital teeth; Carbamide peroxide; Sodium perborate

REFERENCES

1. Grossman LI. Endodontic Practice. 1978;ed. 2. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 322-323.
2. Nutting EB, Poe GS. A new combination of bleaching teeth. J South Calif Dent Assoc. 1963;31: 289-291.
3. Latcham NL. Postbleaching cervical resorption. J Endod. 1986;12: 262-264.Article PubMed
4. Goon WWY, Cohen S, Borer RF. External cervical root resorption following bleaching. J Endod. 1986;12: 414-418.PubMed
5. Friedman S, Rotstein I, Libfeld H, Stabholz A, Heling I. Incidence of external root resorption and esthetic results in 58 bleached pulpless teeth. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1988;4: 23-26.Article PubMed
6. Chivian N. In: Cohen S, Burns RC, editors. Root resorption. Pathways of the pulp. 1987;4th ed. St. Louis: C.V Mosby; 534-538.
7. Holmstrup G, Palm AM, Lambjerg-Hansen H. Bleaching of discolored root-filled teeth. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1988;4: 197-201.PubMed
8. Spasser HF. A simple bleaching technique using sodium perborate. NY State Dent J. 1961;27: 332-334.
9. Rotstein I, Alkind M, Mor C, Tarabeach A, Friedman S. In vitro efficacy of sodium perborate preparation used for intracoronal bleaching of discolored non-vital teeth. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1991;7: 177-180.PubMed
10. Rotstein I, Mor C, Friedman S. Prognosis of intracoronal bleaching with sodium perborate preparation in vitro: 1-year study. J Endod. 1993;19: 10-12.PubMed
11. Ho S, Goering AC. An in vitro comparison of different bleaching agents in the discolored teeth. J Endod. 1989;15: 106-111.PubMed
12. Costas FL, Wong M. Intracoronal isolating barriers : Effect of location root leakage and effectiveness of bleaching agents. J Endod. 1991;17: 365-368.PubMed
13. Rotstein I, Zyskind D, Lewinstein I, Baumberger N. Effect of different protective base materials on hydrogen peroxide leakage during intracoronal bleaching in vitro. J Endod. 1992;18: 114-117.Article PubMed
14. McInerney ST, Zillich R. Evaluation of intracoronal sealing ability of three materials. J Endod. 1992;18: 376-378.PubMed
15. Smith JJ, Cunningham CJ, Montgomery S. Cervical canal leakage after internal bleaching procedures. J Endod. 1992;18: 476-481.Article PubMed
16. Warren MA, Wong M, Ingram TA III. An in vitro comparison of bleaching agents on the crowns and root of discolored teeth. J Endod. 1990;16: 463-467.PubMed
17. Baratieri LN, Ritter AV, Monterio S Jr, Caldera de Andrada MA, Cardoso Vieira LC. Nonvital tooth bleaching: Guidelines for the clinician. Quintessence Int. 1995;26: 597-608.PubMed
18. Rotstein I. Role of catalase in the elimination of residual hydrogen peroxide following tooth bleaching. J Endod. 1993;19: 567-569.Article PubMed
19. Haywood VB, Heymann HO. Nightguard vital bleaching. Quintessence Int. 1989;20: 173-176.PubMed
20. Goldstein RE, Garbar DA. Complete dental bleaching. 1995;Hongkong Quintessence Publishing Co; 25-33. 71-100.
21. Strassler HE. Insights and innovations: at-home bleaching. J Esthet Dent. 1989;1: 176.PubMed
22. Haywood VB, Heymann HO. Response of normal and tetracycline-stained teeth with pulp-size variation to nightguard vital bleaching. J Esthet Dent. 1994;6: 109-114.Article PubMed
23. Haywood VB. History, safty, and effectiveness of current bleaching techniques and applications of nightguard vital bleaching technique. Quintessence Int. 1992;23: 471-488.PubMed
24. Settembrini L, Gultz J, Kaim J, Scherer W. A technique for bleaching nonvital teeth : inside/outside bleaching. J Am Dent Assoc. 1997;128: 1283-1284.Article PubMed
25. Liebenberg WH. Intracoronal lightening of discolored pulpless teeth : A modified walking bleaching technique. Quintessence Int. 1997;28: 771-777.PubMed
26. Carillo A, Arrendondo Trevino MV, Haywood VB. Simultaneous bleaching of vital teeth and open-chamber nonvital tooth with 10% carbamide peroxide. Quintessence Int. 1998;29: 643-648.PubMed
27. Vachon C, Vanek P, Friedman S. Internal bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide in vitro. Pract Periodontics Aesthet Dent. 1998;10: 1145-1154.PubMed
28. Freccia WF, Peters DD. A technique for staining extracted teeth : a research and teaching aid for bleaching. J Endod. 1982;8: 67-69.Article PubMed
29. Fasanaro T. Bleaching teeth: history, chemicals, and methods used for common tooth discolorations. J Esthet Dent. 1992;4: 71-78.Article PubMed
30. Kleber CJ, Putt MS, Nelson BJ. In vitro tooth whitening by a sodium bicarbonate/peroxide dentifrice. J Clin Dent. 1998;9: 16-21.PubMed
31. Bosch JJ, Coops JC. Tooth color and reflectance as related to light scattering and enamel hardness. J Dent Res. 1995;74: 374-380.Article PubMed PDF
32. Lenhard M. Assessing tooth color change after repeated bleaching in vitro with a ten percent carbamide peroxide gel. J Am Dent Assoc. 1996;127: 1618-1624.PubMed
33. Kuehni FG, Marcus RT. An experiment in visual scanning of small color difference. Color Res Appl. 1979;4: 83-91.
34. Ruyter IE, Nilnu K, Moller B. Color stability of dental composite resin materials for crown and bridge veneers. Dent Mater. 1987;3: 246-251.Article PubMed
35. Gross MD, Moser JB. A colorimetric study of coffee and tea staining of four composite resins. J Oral Rehabil. 1977;4: 311-322.Article PubMed
36. Seghi RR, Hewlett ER, Kim J. Visual and instrumental colorimetric assessments of small color differences on translucent dental porcelain. J Dent Res. 1989;68: 1760-1764.Article PubMed PDF

Fig. 1

The L^* values of the teeth are shown.

Fig. 2

The total color change of the teeth are shown.

Table 1

Description of the experimental groups

Table 2

Mean color parameters(L^*, a^*, b^*) and total color changes(ΔE^*) before and after bleaching procedure for 15 days Mean(S.D), n=7

Tables & Figures

REFERENCES

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

ePub Link

Cite

CITE: export Copy Download Format; Close

Download Citation

Download a citation file in RIS format that can be imported by all major citation management software, including EndNote, ProCite, RefWorks, and Reference Manager.

Format:

RIS — For EndNote, ProCite, RefWorks, and most other reference management software
BibTeX — For JabRef, BibDesk, and other BibTeX-specific software

Include:

Citation for the content below
Citation and abstract for the content below

Bleaching effect of carbamide peroxide gel on discolored nonvital teeth

J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2002;27(4):441-447. Published online July 31, 2002

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2002.27.4.441

XML Download

Figure

Bleaching effect of carbamide peroxide gel on discolored nonvital teeth

Fig. 1 The L* values of the teeth are shown.

Fig. 2 The total color change of the teeth are shown.

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Bleaching effect of carbamide peroxide gel on discolored nonvital teeth

Table 1

Description of the experimental groups

Table 2

Mean color parameters(L^*, a^*, b^*) and total color changes(ΔE^*) before and after bleaching procedure for 15 days Mean(S.D), n=7

Table 1 Description of the experimental groups

Table 2 Mean color parameters(L*, a*, b*) and total color changes(ΔE*) before and after bleaching procedure for 15 days Mean(S.D), n=7