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Review Article
Wear of contemporary dental composite resin restorations: a literature review
Dimitrios Dionysopoulos, Olga Gerasimidou
Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(2):e18.   Published online February 25, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e18
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

Composite resins are the most commonly used dental restorative materials after minimally invasive dental procedures, and they offer an aesthetically pleasing appearance. An ideal composite restorative material should have wear properties similar to those of tooth tissues. Wear refers to the damaging, gradual loss or deformation of a material at solid surfaces. Depending on the mechanism of action, wear can be categorized as abrasive, adhesive, fatigue, or corrosive. Currently used composite resins cover a wide range of materials with diverse properties, offering dental clinicians multiple choices for anterior and posterior teeth. In order to improve the mechanical properties and the resistance to wear of composite materials, many types of monomers, silane coupling agents, and reinforcing fillers have been developed. Since resistance to wear is an important factor in determining the clinical success of composite resins, the purpose of this literature review was to define what constitutes wear. The discussion focuses on factors that contribute to the extent of wear as well as to the prevention of wear. Finally, the behavior of various types of existing composite materials such as nanohybrid, flowable, and computer-assisted design/computer-assisted manufacturing materials, was investigated, along with the factors that may cause or contribute to their wear.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
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    Jessy Paulraj, Subhabrata Maiti, Harini Palani
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  • Evaluation of pre-heated composite resins with soft-start polymerization and conventional composite restorations in class-I carious lesions – A randomized clinical trial
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  • Influence of Low pH on the Microhardness and Roughness Surface of Dental Composite—A Preliminary Study
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  • Effect of toothpaste with different components on toothbrushing wear resistance of micro-hybrid/nano-filled resin composites
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  • Release Kinetics of Monomers from Dental Composites Containing Fluoride-Doped Calcium Phosphates
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  • Performance of two-flux and four-flux models for predicting the spectral reflectance and transmittance factors of flowable dental resin composites
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  • Biocompatibility of bulk-fill resins in vitro
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  • In Vitro Evaluation of the Strength of Dentin Replacement in Complex Posterior Tooth Restoration
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  • Calcium release-mediated adsorption and lubrication of salivary proteins on resin-based dental composites
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  • Microleakage Evaluation in Class V Cavities Restored with Five Different Resin Composites: In vitro Dye Leakage Study
    Sahar Bajabaa, Shaza Balbaid, Muruj Taleb, Lujain Islam, Salem Elharazeen, Ebaa Alagha
    Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry.2021; Volume 13: 405.     CrossRef
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Close layer
Research Articles
Microtensile bond strength of CAD/CAM-fabricated polymer-ceramics to different adhesive resin cements
Leyla Sadighpour, Farideh Geramipanah, Zahra Ghasri, Mehrnoosh Neshatian
Restor Dent Endod 2018;43(4):e40.   Published online September 3, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2018.43.e40
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

This study evaluated the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of polymer-ceramic and indirect composite resin with 3 classes of resin cements.

Materials and Methods

Two computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM)-fabricated polymer-ceramics (Enamic [ENA; Vita] and Lava Ultimate [LAV; 3M ESPE]) and a laboratory indirect composite resin (Gradia [GRA; GC Corp.]) were equally divided into 6 groups (n = 18) with 3 classes of resin cements: Variolink N (VAR; Vivadent), RelyX U200 (RXU; 3M ESPE), and Panavia F2 (PAN; Kuraray). The μTBS values were compared between groups by 2-way analysis of variance and the post hoc Tamhane test (α = 0.05).

Results

Restorative materials and resin cements significantly influenced µTBS (p < 0.05). In the GRA group, the highest μTBS was found with RXU (27.40 ± 5.39 N) and the lowest with VAR (13.54 ± 6.04 N) (p < 0.05). Similar trends were observed in the ENA group. In the LAV group, the highest μTBS was observed with VAR (27.45 ± 5.84 N) and the lowest with PAN (10.67 ± 4.37 N) (p < 0.05). PAN had comparable results to those of ENA and GRA, whereas the μTBS values were significantly lower with LAV (p = 0.001). The highest bond strength of RXU was found with GRA (27.40 ± 5.39 N, p = 0.001). PAN showed the lowest µTBS with LAV (10.67 ± 4.37 N; p < 0.001).

Conclusions

When applied according to the manufacturers' recommendations, the µTBS of polymer-ceramic CAD/CAM materials and indirect composites is influenced by the luting cements.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
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  • 2 Download
  • 6 Crossref
Close layer
Discoloration of various CAD/CAM blocks after immersion in coffee
Sasipin Lauvahutanon, Maho Shiozawa, Hidekazu Takahashi, Naohiko Iwasaki, Meiko Oki, Werner J. Finger, Mansuang Arksornnukit
Restor Dent Endod 2017;42(1):9-18.   Published online December 8, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2017.42.1.9
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

This study evaluated color differences (ΔEs) and translucency parameter changes (ΔTPs) of various computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) blocks after immersion in coffee.

Materials and Methods

Eight CAD/CAM blocks and four restorative composite resins were evaluated. The CIE L*a*b* values of 2.0 mm thick disk-shaped specimens were measured using the spectrophotometer on white and black backgrounds (n = 6). The ΔEs and ΔTPs of one day, one week, and one month immersion in coffee or water were calculated. The values of each material were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparisons (α = 0.05). The ΔEs after prophylaxis paste polishing of 1 month coffee immersion specimens, water sorption and solubility were also evaluated.

Results

After one month in coffee, ΔEs of CAD/CAM composite resin blocks and restorative composites ranged from 1.6 to 3.7 and from 2.1 to 7.9, respectively, and ΔTPs decreased. The ANOVA of ΔEs and ΔTPs revealed significant differences in two main factors, immersion periods and media, and their interaction except for ΔEs of TEL (Telio CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent). The ΔEs significantly decreased after prophylaxis polishing except GRA (Gradia Block, GC). There was no significant correlation between ΔEs and water sorption or solubility in water.

Conclusions

The ΔEs of CAD/CAM blocks after immersion in coffee varied among products and were comparable to those of restorative composite resins. The discoloration of CAD/CAM composite resin blocks could be effectively removed with prophylaxis paste polishing, while that of some restorative composites could not be removed.

Citations

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    Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Close layer
Marginal and internal fit of nano-composite CAD/CAM restorations
So-Hyun Park, Yeon-Jee Yoo, Yoo-Jin Shin, Byeong-Hoon Cho, Seung-Ho Baek
Restor Dent Endod 2016;41(1):37-43.   Published online January 19, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2016.41.1.37
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

The purpose of this study was to compare the marginal and internal fit of nano-composite CAD-CAM restorations.

Materials and Methods

A full veneer crown and an mesio-occluso-distal (MOD) inlay cavity, which were prepared on extracted human molars, were used as templates of epoxy resin replicas. The prepared teeth were scanned and CAD-CAM restorations were milled using Lava Ultimate (LU) and experimental nano-composite CAD/CAM blocks (EB) under the same milling parameters. To assess the marginal and internal fit, the restorations were cemented to replicas and were embedded in an acrylic mold for sectioning at 0.5 mm intervals. The measured gap data were pooled according to the block types and measuring points for statistical analysis.

Results

Both the block type and measuring point significantly affected gap values, and their interaction was significant (p = 0.000). In crowns and inlays made from the two blocks, gap values were significantly larger in the occlusal area than in the axial area, while gap values in the marginal area were smallest (p < 0.001). Among the blocks, the restorations milled from EB had a significantly larger gap at all measuring points than those milled from LU (p = 0.000).

Conclusions

The marginal and internal gaps of the two nano-composite CAD/CAM blocks differed according to the measuring points. Among the internal area of the two nano-composite CAD/CAM restorations, occlusal gap data were significantly larger than axial gap data. The EB crowns and inlays had significantly larger gaps than LU restorations.

Citations

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Close layer
Flexural strength and microstructure of two lithium disilicate glass ceramics for CAD/CAM restoration in the dental clinic
Suk-Ho Kang, Juhea Chang, Ho-Hyun Son
Restor Dent Endod 2013;38(3):134-140.   Published online August 23, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2013.38.3.134
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

There has been a growing interest in glass ceramic systems with good esthetics, high fracture resistance and bonding durability, and simplified fabrication techniques using CAD/CAM. The aim of this study is to compare flexural strength before and after heat treatment of two lithium disilicate CAD/CAM blocks, IPS e.max CAD (Ivoclar Vivadent) and Rosetta SM (Hass), and to observe their crystalline structures.

Materials and Methods

Biaxial flexural strength was tested according to ISO 6872 with 20 disc form specimens sliced from each block before and after heat treatment. Also, the crystalline structures were observed using field-emission scanning microscopy (FE-SEM, Hitachi) and x-ray diffraction (XRD, Rigaku) analysis. The mean values of the biaxial flexural strength were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney U test at a significance level of p = 0.05.

Results

There were no statistically significant differences in flexural strength between IPS e.max CAD and Rosetta SM either before heat treatment or after heat treatment. For both ceramics, the initial flexural strength greatly increased after heat treatment, with significant differences (p < 0.05). The FE-SEM images presented similar patterns of crystalline structure in the two ceramics. In the XRD analysis, they also had similar patterns, presenting high peak positions corresponding to the standard lithium metasilicate and lithium disilicate at each stage of heat treatment.

Conclusions

IPS e.max CAD and Rosetta SM showed no significant differences in flexural strength. They had a similar crystalline pattern and molecular composition.

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Original Article
Influence of three different preparation designs on the marginal and internal gaps of CEREC3 CAD/CAM inlays
Deog-Gyu Seo, Young-Ah Yi, Yoon Lee, Byoung-Duck Roh
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2009;34(3):177-183.   Published online May 31, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2009.34.3.177
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

The aim of this study was to evaluate the marginal and internal gaps in CEREC3 CAD/CAM inlays of three different preparation designs. CEREC3 Inlays of three different preparation designs (n = 10) were fabricated according to Group I-conventional functional cusp capping/shoulder preparation, Group II-horizontal reduction of cusps and Group III-complete reduction of cusps/shoulder preparation. After cementation of inlays, the bucco-lingual cross section was performed through the center of tooth. Cross section images of 20 magnifications were obtained through the stereomicroscope. The gaps were measured using the Leica application suite software at each reference point. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α<0.05).

The marginal gaps ranged from 80.0 to 97.8 µm for Group I, 42.0 to 194.8 µm for Group II, 51.0 to 80.2 µm for Group III. The internal gaps ranged from 90.5 to 304.1 µm for Group I, 80.0 to 274.8 µm for Group II, 79.7 to 296.7 µm for Group III. The gaps of each group were the smallest on the margin and the largest on the horizontal wall. For the CEREC3 CAD/CAM inlays, the simplified designs (groups II and III) did not demonstrate superior results compared to the traditional cusp capping design (group I).

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Influence of preparation design on fit and ceramic thickness of CEREC 3 partial ceramic crowns after cementation
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    Acta Odontologica Scandinavica.2015; 73(2): 107.     CrossRef
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