Clinical assessment of whitening efficacy and safety of in-office tooth whitening system containing 15% hydrogen peroxide with or without light activation

Young-Suk Noh; Young-Jee Rho; Yeon-Jee Yoo; Hyang-Ok Lee; Sang-Min Lim; Hyun-Jeong Kweon; Yeun Kim; Seong-Yeon Park; Hee-Young Yoon; Jung-Hyun Lee; Chan-Hee Lee; So-Ram Oh; Kee-Yeon Kum

doi:10.5395/JKACD.2011.36.4.306

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Basic Research Clinical assessment of whitening efficacy and safety of in-office tooth whitening system containing 15% hydrogen peroxide with or without light activation: Young-Suk Noh, DDS, MS, Young-Jee Rho, DDS, MS, Yeon-Jee Yoo, DDS, MS, Hyang-Ok Lee, DDS, MS, Sang-Min Lim, DDS, MS, Hyun-Jeong Kweon, DDS, Yeun Kim, DDS, Seong-Yeon Park, DDS, Hee-Young Yoon, DDS, Jung-Hyun Lee, DDS, Chan-Hee Lee, DDS, So-Ram Oh, DDS, MS, Kee-Yeon Kum, DDS, PhD; 2011;36(4):-312.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2011.36.4.306
Published online: July 31, 2011

Department of Conservative Dentistry, Seoul National University School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul, Korea.

Correspondence to Kee-Yeon Kum, DDS, PhD. Associate Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute and BK21 Program, 28-2 Yeongun-dong, Jongro-gu, Seoul, Korea 110-749. TEL, +82-2-2072-2656; FAX, +82-2-2072-3459; kum6139@snu.ac.kr

• Received: May 3, 2011 • Revised: June 21, 2011 • Accepted: June 21, 2011

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Abstract
REFERENCES

Abstract

Objectives
This clinical study evaluated the effect of light activation on the whitening efficacy and safety of in-office bleaching system containing 15% hydrogen peroxide gel.
Materials and Methods
Thirty-three volunteers were randomly treated with (n = 17, experimental group) or without light activation (n = 16, control group), using Zoom2 white gel (15% H₂O₂, Discus Dental) for a total treatment time of 45 min. Visual and instrumental color measurements were obtained using Vitapan Classical shade guide and Shadepilot (DeguDent) at screening test, after bleaching, and 1 month and 3 month after bleaching. Data were analyzed using t-test, repeated measure ANOVA, and chi-squared test.
Results
Zoom2 white gel produced significant shade changes in both experimental and control group when pre-treatment shade was compared with that after bleaching. However, shade difference between two groups was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Tooth shade relapse was not detected at 3 months after bleaching. The incidence of transient tooth sensitivity was 39.4%, with being no differences between two groups.
Conclusions
The application of light activation with Zoom2 white gel system neither achieved additional whitening effects nor showed more detrimental influences.
Keywords: Hypersensitivity; In-office bleaching; Light activation; Shadepilot; Zoom2 white gel; 15% hydrogen peroxide

Table 1

Tab arrangement and numeric order for Vitapan Classical ('Value'scale)

Table 2

Shade change evaluated by Vitapan Classical shade guide and Shadepilot

SD, standard deviation; VC, shade change evaluated by Vitapan Classical shade guide.

Table 3

Survey results on tooth sensitivity

REFERENCES

1. Kihn PW. Vital tooth whitening. Dent Clin North Am. 2007;51: 319-331.Article PubMed
2. Kim SY, Park JU, Kim CH, Yang SE. A clinical evaluation of efficacy of an office bleaching gel containing 30% hydrogen peroxide. J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2010;35: 40-50.
3. Kim SY, Park JU, Kim CH, Yang SE. A clinical evaluation of safety of an office bleaching gel containing 30% hydrogen peroxide. J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2010;35: 198-210.Article
4. Joiner A. The bleaching of teeth: a review of the literature. J Dent. 2006;34: 412-419.Article PubMed
5. Sulieman M, Addy M, MacDonald E, Rees JS. The effect of hydrogen peroxide concentration on the outcome of tooth whitening: an in vitro study. J Dent. 2004;32: 295-299.Article PubMed
6. Calatayud JO, Calatayud CO, Zaccagnini AO, Box MJ. Clinical efficacy of a bleaching system based on hydrogen peroxide with or without light activation. Eur J Esthet Dent. 2010;5: 216-224.PubMed
7. Ontiveros JC, Paravina RD. Color change of vital teeth exposed to bleaching performed with and without supplementary light. J Dent. 2009;37: 840-847.Article PubMed
8. Lehmann KM, Igiel C, Schmidtmann I, Scheller H. Four color-measuring devices compared with a spector-phtometric reference system. J Dent. 2010;38: Suppl 2. e65-e70.PubMed
9. Park JH, Shin HJ, Park DY, Park SH, Kim JW, Cho KM. Effect of the bleaching light on whitening efficacy. J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2009;34: 95-102.Article
10. Paravina RD. Performance assessment of dental shade guides. J Dent. 2009;37: Suppl 1. e15-e20.PubMed
11. American Dental Association Council of Scientific Affairs. Acceptance program guidelines: professional in-office tooth bleaching products. 2006;Chicago: ADA.
12. Gross MD, Moser JB. A colorimetric study of coffee and tea staining of four composite resins. J Oral Rehabil. 1977;4: 311-322.Article PubMed
13. Asmussen E. An accelerated test for color stability of restorative resins. Acta Odontol Scand. 1981;39: 329-332.Article
14. Douglas RD, Steinhauer TJ, Wee AG. Intraoral determination of the tolerance of dentists for perceptibility and acceptability of shade mismatch. J Prosthet Dent. 2007;97: 200-208.Article PubMed
15. American Dental Association Council on Scientific Affairs. Tooth whitening/bleaching: treatment considerations for dentists and their patients. 2009;Chicago: ADA.
16. Kugel G, Papathanasiou A, Williams AJ 3rd, Anderson C, Ferreira S. Clinical evaluation of chemical and light-activated tooth whitening systems. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2006;27: 54-62.PubMed
17. Buchalla W, Attin T. External bleaching therapy with activation by heat, light or laser--a systematic review. Dent Mater. 2007;23: 586-596.Article PubMed
18. Baik JW, Rueggeberg FA, Liewehr FR. Effect of light-enhanced bleaching on in vitro surface and intrapulpal temperature rise. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2001;13: 370-378.Article PubMed
19. Kivanç BH, Arisu HD, Ulusoy Öx00EC;A, Saglam BC, Görgül G. Effect of light-activated bleaching on pulp chamber temperature rise: an in vitro study. Aust Endod J. 2011;doi: 10.1111/j.1747-4477.2010.00271.x.

Tables & Figures

Table 1

Tab arrangement and numeric order for Vitapan Classical ('Value'scale)

Table 2

Shade change evaluated by Vitapan Classical shade guide and Shadepilot

SD, standard deviation; VC, shade change evaluated by Vitapan Classical shade guide.

Table 3

Survey results on tooth sensitivity

REFERENCES

1. Kihn PW. Vital tooth whitening. Dent Clin North Am. 2007;51: 319-331.Article PubMed
2. Kim SY, Park JU, Kim CH, Yang SE. A clinical evaluation of efficacy of an office bleaching gel containing 30% hydrogen peroxide. J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2010;35: 40-50.
3. Kim SY, Park JU, Kim CH, Yang SE. A clinical evaluation of safety of an office bleaching gel containing 30% hydrogen peroxide. J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2010;35: 198-210.Article
4. Joiner A. The bleaching of teeth: a review of the literature. J Dent. 2006;34: 412-419.Article PubMed
5. Sulieman M, Addy M, MacDonald E, Rees JS. The effect of hydrogen peroxide concentration on the outcome of tooth whitening: an in vitro study. J Dent. 2004;32: 295-299.Article PubMed
6. Calatayud JO, Calatayud CO, Zaccagnini AO, Box MJ. Clinical efficacy of a bleaching system based on hydrogen peroxide with or without light activation. Eur J Esthet Dent. 2010;5: 216-224.PubMed
7. Ontiveros JC, Paravina RD. Color change of vital teeth exposed to bleaching performed with and without supplementary light. J Dent. 2009;37: 840-847.Article PubMed
8. Lehmann KM, Igiel C, Schmidtmann I, Scheller H. Four color-measuring devices compared with a spector-phtometric reference system. J Dent. 2010;38: Suppl 2. e65-e70.PubMed
9. Park JH, Shin HJ, Park DY, Park SH, Kim JW, Cho KM. Effect of the bleaching light on whitening efficacy. J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2009;34: 95-102.Article
10. Paravina RD. Performance assessment of dental shade guides. J Dent. 2009;37: Suppl 1. e15-e20.PubMed
11. American Dental Association Council of Scientific Affairs. Acceptance program guidelines: professional in-office tooth bleaching products. 2006;Chicago: ADA.
12. Gross MD, Moser JB. A colorimetric study of coffee and tea staining of four composite resins. J Oral Rehabil. 1977;4: 311-322.Article PubMed
13. Asmussen E. An accelerated test for color stability of restorative resins. Acta Odontol Scand. 1981;39: 329-332.Article
14. Douglas RD, Steinhauer TJ, Wee AG. Intraoral determination of the tolerance of dentists for perceptibility and acceptability of shade mismatch. J Prosthet Dent. 2007;97: 200-208.Article PubMed
15. American Dental Association Council on Scientific Affairs. Tooth whitening/bleaching: treatment considerations for dentists and their patients. 2009;Chicago: ADA.
16. Kugel G, Papathanasiou A, Williams AJ 3rd, Anderson C, Ferreira S. Clinical evaluation of chemical and light-activated tooth whitening systems. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2006;27: 54-62.PubMed
17. Buchalla W, Attin T. External bleaching therapy with activation by heat, light or laser--a systematic review. Dent Mater. 2007;23: 586-596.Article PubMed
18. Baik JW, Rueggeberg FA, Liewehr FR. Effect of light-enhanced bleaching on in vitro surface and intrapulpal temperature rise. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2001;13: 370-378.Article PubMed
19. Kivanç BH, Arisu HD, Ulusoy Öx00EC;A, Saglam BC, Görgül G. Effect of light-activated bleaching on pulp chamber temperature rise: an in vitro study. Aust Endod J. 2011;doi: 10.1111/j.1747-4477.2010.00271.x.

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Clinical assessment of whitening efficacy and safety of in-office tooth whitening system containing 15% hydrogen peroxide with or without light activation

J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2011;36(4):306-312. Published online July 31, 2011

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2011.36.4.306

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Clinical assessment of whitening efficacy and safety of in-office tooth whitening system containing 15% hydrogen peroxide with or without light activation

Table 1

Tab arrangement and numeric order for Vitapan Classical ('Value'scale)

Table 2

Shade change evaluated by Vitapan Classical shade guide and Shadepilot

SD, standard deviation; VC, shade change evaluated by Vitapan Classical shade guide.

Table 3

Survey results on tooth sensitivity

Table 1 Tab arrangement and numeric order for Vitapan Classical ('Value'scale)

Table 2 Shade change evaluated by Vitapan Classical shade guide and Shadepilot

SD, standard deviation; VC, shade change evaluated by Vitapan Classical shade guide.

Table 3 Survey results on tooth sensitivity