Time-dependent effects of EDTA application on removal of smear layer in the root canal system

Ja-Kyong Lee; Sang-Hyuk Park; Gi-Woon Choi

doi:10.5395/JKACD.2006.31.3.169

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Original Article Time-dependent effects of EDTA application on removal of smear layer in the root canal system: Ja-Kyong Lee, Sang-Hyuk Park, Gi-Woon Choi; Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry 2006;31(3):169-178.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2006.31.3.169
Published online: May 31, 2006

Department of Conservative Dentistry, Division of Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyunghee University, Korea.

Corresponding Author: Gi-Woon Choi. Professor of Division of Dentistry, Graduate school, KyungHee University, 1, Hoegi Dong, Dongdaemun Gu, Seoul, Korea, 130-702. Tel: 82-2-958-9336, gwchoi@khu.ac.kr

• Received: October 11, 2005 • Revised: March 28, 2006 • Accepted: April 17, 2006

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Abstract
REFERENCES

Abstract

This study was to verify that the combined application of NaOCl and EDTA was more effective in removal of smear layer than the application of NaOCl alone. Furthermore it was aimed to find out the optimal time for the application of EDTA.

Thirty five single rooted teeth were cleaned and shaped. NaOCl solution was used as an irrigant during instrumentation. After instrumentation, root canals of the control group were irrigated with 5 ml of NaOCl for 2 minutes. 30 sec, 1 min, and 2 min group were irrigated with 5 ml of 17% EDTA for 30 sec, 1 min, and 2 min respectively. Then the roots were examined with scanning electron microscopy for evaluating removal of smear layer and erosion of dentinal tubule.

The results were as follows;
1. The control group:
  The smear layer was not removed at all.
2. The other groups:
  1) Middle⅓: All groups showed almost no smear layer. And the erosion occurred more frequently as increasing irrigation time.
  
  2) Apical⅓: The cleaning effect of 2 min group was better than the others.
The results suggest that 2 min application of 17% EDTA should be adequate to remove smear layer on both apical⅓ and middle⅓.
Keywords: NaOCl; EDTA; Smear layer; Irrigation; Root canals; Cleaning

REFERENCES

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Figure 1

Representative photograph of the control group at apical⅓ (× 2000); score 0, surface completely covered with smear layer, no tubules visible.

Figure 2

Representative photograph of the control group at middle⅓ (× 2000); score 0, surface completely covered with smear layer, no tubules visible.

Figure 3

Representative photograph of the 30 sec group at apical⅓ (× 2000); score 1, surface covered with thin smear layer but orifices of tubules visible; occasional tubules open.

Figure 4

Representative photograph of the 30 sec group at middle⅓ (× 2000); score 4, smear layer completely removed; peritubular dentin removed, resulting in increased size of tubular orifices.

Figure 5

Representative photograph of the 1 min group at apical⅓ (× 2000); score 2, smear layer partly removed; orifices of most tubules open or partially open.

Figure 6

Representative photograph of the 1 min group at middle⅓ (× 2000); score 4, smear layer completely removed; peritubular dentin removed, resulting in increased size of tubular orifices.

Figure 7

Representative photograph of the 2 min group at apical⅓ (× 2000); score 3, smear layer mainly removed, most tubules completely open.

Figure 8

Representative photograph of the 2 min group at middle⅓ (× 2000); score 4, smear layer completely removed; peritubular dentin removed, resulting in increased size of tubular orifices Erosion exists.

Table 1

Materials used in this study

Table 2

Instruments used in this study

Table 3

Classification of experimental groups

(Irrigating solution: 3 ml used between each instrumentation for 1 min; total 24 ml)

Table 4

Scoring Criteria for smear layer removal

Table 5

Evaluation Criteria for Erosion

Table 6

Scores of smear layer removal (frequency)

Table 7

Scores of smear layer removal

Table 8

Frequency of erosion occurrence at each level

Tables & Figures

REFERENCES

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Time-dependent effects of EDTA application on removal of smear layer in the root canal system

J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2006;31(3):169-178. Published online May 31, 2006

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2006.31.3.169

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Figure

Time-dependent effects of EDTA application on removal of smear layer in the root canal system

Figure 1 Representative photograph of the control group at apical⅓ (× 2000); score 0, surface completely covered with smear layer, no tubules visible.

Figure 2 Representative photograph of the control group at middle⅓ (× 2000); score 0, surface completely covered with smear layer, no tubules visible.

Figure 3 Representative photograph of the 30 sec group at apical⅓ (× 2000); score 1, surface covered with thin smear layer but orifices of tubules visible; occasional tubules open.

Figure 4 Representative photograph of the 30 sec group at middle⅓ (× 2000); score 4, smear layer completely removed; peritubular dentin removed, resulting in increased size of tubular orifices.

Figure 5 Representative photograph of the 1 min group at apical⅓ (× 2000); score 2, smear layer partly removed; orifices of most tubules open or partially open.

Figure 6 Representative photograph of the 1 min group at middle⅓ (× 2000); score 4, smear layer completely removed; peritubular dentin removed, resulting in increased size of tubular orifices.

Figure 7 Representative photograph of the 2 min group at apical⅓ (× 2000); score 3, smear layer mainly removed, most tubules completely open.

Figure 8 Representative photograph of the 2 min group at middle⅓ (× 2000); score 4, smear layer completely removed; peritubular dentin removed, resulting in increased size of tubular orifices Erosion exists.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Time-dependent effects of EDTA application on removal of smear layer in the root canal system

Table 1

Materials used in this study

Table 2

Instruments used in this study

Table 3

Classification of experimental groups

(Irrigating solution: 3 ml used between each instrumentation for 1 min; total 24 ml)

Table 4

Scoring Criteria for smear layer removal

Table 5

Evaluation Criteria for Erosion

Table 6

Scores of smear layer removal (frequency)

Table 7

Scores of smear layer removal

Table 8

Frequency of erosion occurrence at each level

Table 1 Materials used in this study

Table 2 Instruments used in this study

Table 3 Classification of experimental groups

(Irrigating solution: 3 ml used between each instrumentation for 1 min; total 24 ml)