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Original Article SHAPING ABILITY OF NICKEL-TITANIUMROTARY FILES
Wan-Ky Park,, Hee-Joo Lee, Bock Hur
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2004;29(1):-50.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2004.29.1.44
Published online: January 14, 2004

Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentisry, Pusan National University

Corresponding author: Wan-Ky Park, Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentisry, Pusan National University 1-10, Ami-dong, Seo-gu, Pusan, 602-739, Korea, Tel : 051)240-7454, E-mail: beatl@freechal.com

Copyright © 2004 The Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  • This study compared the shaping ability of nickel-titanium rotary files with different rake angle and radial land.
    The nickel-titanium files used in this study were Profile(Dentsply, Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), Hero 642(Micromega, Besancon, France), and K3(SybronEndo, Glendora, Ca, USA) file. Resin blocks substituted for root canals. 36 resin blocks were divided into 3 groups with 12 canals each. The time for canal preparation was recorded. The images of pre- and postoperative resin canal were scanned and those were superimposed. Amounts of canal deviation, total canal widths, inner canal widths, and outer canal widths were measured at apical 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7mm levels.
    The amount of canal deviation was the smallest in Profile group, and the time for canal preparation was the shortest in Hero 642 group. K3 group resulted in competent characteristics in both measurements. Positive rake angle seemed to result in fast shaping of root canal and radial land guide the instrument in center of the canals and around curvatures. Radial land also tended to reduce the sense of screwing into the root canal.
    The proper selection of the nickel-titanium file based on the knowledge about file design is needed for the safer, simpler and faster root canal therapy.
  • Keywords: Shaping abiliy; Nickel-titanium rotary file; Radial land; Rake angle
Fig. 1.
Superimposing images of pre- and postoperative blocks
jkacd-29-44f1.jpg
Table 1.
Classification of groups
Group Numbers of resin block File system
P 12 Profile(Dentsply, Maillefer, Ballaigues Switzerland)
H 12 Hero 642(Micromega, Besancon, France)
K 12 K3(SybronEndo, Glendora, Ca., USA)
Table 2.
Design of each files
File system Rake angle Radial land
Profile(Dentsply, Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) slight negative Yes
Hero 642(Micromega, Besancon, France) slight positive No
K3(SybronEndo, Glendora, Ca, USA) slight positive Yes
Table 3.
Preparation sequence
Sequence File Working length(mm)
1 #30-.06T 12mm
2 #25-.06T 14mm
3 #20-.06T 16mm
4 #20-.04T Working length
5 #20-.06T Working length
6 #25-.06T Working length
Table 4.
Time for canal preparation(second)
Sample No. Profile Hero 642 K3
1 162 120 136
2 165 116 129
3 160 118 133
4 145 115 138
5 160 124 134
6 148 115 130
7 140 105 134
8 162 120 129
9 170 106 119
10 167 110 135
11 163 114 119
12
 150
 125
 124
Mean(SD) 157.7(±9.1) 115.7(±6.3) 130.0(±6.4)
Table 5.
Mean values(standard deviation) of total canal width, outer canal width, inner canal width, and amount of deviation of each groups(mm)
Distance from apex 1mm 2mm 3mm 4mm 5mm 6mm 7mm
Total canal width Group P 0.237 0.312 0.378 0.402 0.465 0.506 0.573
(±0.030) (±0.026) (±0.032) (±0.034) (±0.015) (±0.059) (±0.020)
Group H 0.272 0.419 0.518 0.518 0.532 0.597 0.652
(±0.046) (±0.075) (±0.056) (±0.037) (±0.027) (±0.029) (±0.029)
Group K 0.266 0.375 0.476 0.476 0.537 0.591 0.636
(±0.058) (±0.016) (±0.020) (±0.023) (±0.028) (±0.038) (±0.038)
Outer canal width Group P 0.146 0.215 0.265 0.263 0.253 0.230 0.259
(±0.026) (±0.034) (±0.045) (±0.035) (±0.016) (±0.040) (±0.036)
Group H 0.159 0.294 0.372 0.326 0.270 0.251 0.283
(±0.038) (±0.066) (±0.052) (±0.053) (±0.025) (±0.027) (±0.030)
Group K 0.153 0.252 0.303 0.298 0.268 0.246 0.280
(±0.044) (±0.032) (±0.032) (±0.024) (±0.023) (±0.026) (±0.041)
Inner canal width Group P 0.091 0.097 0.113 0.139 0.212 0.277 0.314
(±0.005) (±0.015) (±0.021) (±0.027) (±0.022) (±0.034) (±0.035)
Group H 0.114 0.125 0.146 0.192 0.262 0.346 0.370
(±0.014) (±0.020) (±0.032) (±0.036) (±0.044) (±0.042) (±0.046)
Group K 0.113 0.123 0.113 0.178 0.269 0.346 0.357
(±0.021) (±0.022) (±0.029) (±0.017) (±0.027) (±0.040) (±0.051)
Amount of deviation Group P -0.025 -0.118 -0.152 -0.124 -0.041 0.047 0.055
(±0.023) (±0.046) (±0.062) (±0.052) (±0.035) (±0.046) (±0.068)
Group H -0.045 -0.170 -0.227 -0.135 -0.008 0.095 0.087
(±0.033) (±0.063) (±0.065) (±0.083) (±0.066) (±0.065) (±0.071)
Group K -0.040 -0.128 -0.171 -0.120 0.001 0.100 0.077
(±0.037) (±0.053) (±0.058) (±0.035) (±0.041) (±0.057) (±0.084)
Table 6.
Overview of file design
Profile Hero 642 K3
Rake angle Negative Positive Positive
Radial land Yes No Yes
Tip Non-cutting Non-cutting Non-cutting
Helical flute angle Consistent Variable Variable
Pitch Consistent Variable Variable
Shank Metal 15mm Plastic 14mm Metal 11.5mm
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    Citations

    Citations to this article as recorded by  
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      SHAPING ABILITY OF NICKEL-TITANIUMROTARY FILES
      J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2004;29(1):44-50.   Published online January 14, 2004
      DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2004.29.1.044
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    SHAPING ABILITY OF NICKEL-TITANIUMROTARY FILES
    Image
    Fig. 1. Superimposing images of pre- and postoperative blocks

    Fig. 1.

    SHAPING ABILITY OF NICKEL-TITANIUMROTARY FILES
    Group Numbers of resin block File system
    P 12 Profile(Dentsply, Maillefer, Ballaigues Switzerland)
    H 12 Hero 642(Micromega, Besancon, France)
    K 12 K3(SybronEndo, Glendora, Ca., USA)
    File system Rake angle Radial land
    Profile(Dentsply, Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) slight negative Yes
    Hero 642(Micromega, Besancon, France) slight positive No
    K3(SybronEndo, Glendora, Ca, USA) slight positive Yes
    Sequence File Working length(mm)
    1 #30-.06T 12mm
    2 #25-.06T 14mm
    3 #20-.06T 16mm
    4 #20-.04T Working length
    5 #20-.06T Working length
    6 #25-.06T Working length
    Sample No. Profile Hero 642 K3
    1 162 120 136
    2 165 116 129
    3 160 118 133
    4 145 115 138
    5 160 124 134
    6 148 115 130
    7 140 105 134
    8 162 120 129
    9 170 106 119
    10 167 110 135
    11 163 114 119
    12
    		 150
    		 125
    		 124
    Mean(SD) 157.7(±9.1) 115.7(±6.3) 130.0(±6.4)
    Distance from apex 1mm 2mm 3mm 4mm 5mm 6mm 7mm
    Total canal width Group P 0.237 0.312 0.378 0.402 0.465 0.506 0.573
    (±0.030) (±0.026) (±0.032) (±0.034) (±0.015) (±0.059) (±0.020)
    Group H 0.272 0.419 0.518 0.518 0.532 0.597 0.652
    (±0.046) (±0.075) (±0.056) (±0.037) (±0.027) (±0.029) (±0.029)
    Group K 0.266 0.375 0.476 0.476 0.537 0.591 0.636
    (±0.058) (±0.016) (±0.020) (±0.023) (±0.028) (±0.038) (±0.038)
    Outer canal width Group P 0.146 0.215 0.265 0.263 0.253 0.230 0.259
    (±0.026) (±0.034) (±0.045) (±0.035) (±0.016) (±0.040) (±0.036)
    Group H 0.159 0.294 0.372 0.326 0.270 0.251 0.283
    (±0.038) (±0.066) (±0.052) (±0.053) (±0.025) (±0.027) (±0.030)
    Group K 0.153 0.252 0.303 0.298 0.268 0.246 0.280
    (±0.044) (±0.032) (±0.032) (±0.024) (±0.023) (±0.026) (±0.041)
    Inner canal width Group P 0.091 0.097 0.113 0.139 0.212 0.277 0.314
    (±0.005) (±0.015) (±0.021) (±0.027) (±0.022) (±0.034) (±0.035)
    Group H 0.114 0.125 0.146 0.192 0.262 0.346 0.370
    (±0.014) (±0.020) (±0.032) (±0.036) (±0.044) (±0.042) (±0.046)
    Group K 0.113 0.123 0.113 0.178 0.269 0.346 0.357
    (±0.021) (±0.022) (±0.029) (±0.017) (±0.027) (±0.040) (±0.051)
    Amount of deviation Group P -0.025 -0.118 -0.152 -0.124 -0.041 0.047 0.055
    (±0.023) (±0.046) (±0.062) (±0.052) (±0.035) (±0.046) (±0.068)
    Group H -0.045 -0.170 -0.227 -0.135 -0.008 0.095 0.087
    (±0.033) (±0.063) (±0.065) (±0.083) (±0.066) (±0.065) (±0.071)
    Group K -0.040 -0.128 -0.171 -0.120 0.001 0.100 0.077
    (±0.037) (±0.053) (±0.058) (±0.035) (±0.041) (±0.057) (±0.084)
    Profile Hero 642 K3
    Rake angle Negative Positive Positive
    Radial land Yes No Yes
    Tip Non-cutting Non-cutting Non-cutting
    Helical flute angle Consistent Variable Variable
    Pitch Consistent Variable Variable
    Shank Metal 15mm Plastic 14mm Metal 11.5mm
    Table 1. Classification of groups

    Table 2. Design of each files

    Table 3. Preparation sequence

    Table 4. Time for canal preparation(second)

    Table 5. Mean values(standard deviation) of total canal width, outer canal width, inner canal width, and amount of deviation of each groups(mm)

    Table 6. Overview of file design

    Table 1.

    Table 2.

    Table 3.

    Table 4.

    Table 5.

    Table 6.

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