Measurement of adhesion of root canal sealer to dentine and gutta-percha

Mi-Ja Her; Mi-Kyung Yu; Se-Joon Lee; Kwang-Won Lee

doi:10.5395/JKACD.2003.28.1.089

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Original Article Measurement of adhesion of root canal sealer to dentine and gutta-percha: Mi-Ja Her, Mi-Kyung Yu, Se-Joon Lee, Kwang-Won Lee; 2003;28(1):-99.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2003.28.1.089
Published online: January 31, 2003

Department of Conservative Dentistry & Institute for Oral Bioscience, College of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Korea.

Corresponding author (lkw@moak.chonbuk.ac.kr)

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Abstract
REFERENCES

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the bonding of resin-based root canal sealer, AH26 when the sealer was applied as a thin layer between dentine and gutta-percha surface.

In this study, forty non-caries extracted human molars and resin-based root canal sealer(AH 26, DeTrey/Dentsply, Germany) were used. Disks of gutta-percha, 6mm in diameter·6mm thick (Diadent/Dentsply, Korea) for thermoplastic obturation were used and dentin surfaces were treated with 2% NaOCl(Group 1) or 2%NaOCl+17% EDTA(Group 3). Disks of gutta-percha, 6mm in diameter·6mm thick (Diadent/Dentsply, Korea) for conventional obturation were used and dentin surface were treated with 2% NaOCl(Group 2) or 2%NaOCl+17% EDTA(Group 4). Enamel was removed by a horizontal section 1mm below the deepest portion of the central occlusal groove by using a water-cooled low speed diamond saw. A second horizontal section was done around cementoenamel junction. Exposed dentin surface was cut to approximately 8×8 mm rectangular shape and was ground against 320, 400, 600 grade silicon carbide abrasive paper serially. After grinding, the dentine surface were soaked in a solution of 2% NaOCl for 30 minutes and twenty of specimens were treated with 17% EDTA solution for 1 minute. The treated specimens were washed and dried. Root canal sealer, AH26 was prepared according to the manufacture's instructions. The Gutta-percha and dentin surface were coated with a thin layer of the freshly mixed sealer. The specimens were left overnight at room temperature. After their initial set, they were transferred to an incubator at 37℃ for 72 h. After 72 hours, resin blocks were made. The resin block was serially sectioned vertically into stick of 1·1mm. Twenty sticks were prepared from each group.

After that, tensile bond strength for each stick was measured with Microtensile Tester. Failure patterns of the specimens at the interface between gutta-percha and dentin were observed under the SEM(×1000) and Stereomicroscope (LEICA M420, Meyer Inst., TX U.S.A) at 1.25 ×25 magnification. The results were statistically analysed by using a One-way ANOVA and Tukey's test.

The results were as follows;

1. Tensile bond strengths(mean±SD) were expressed with ascending order as follows: Group 1, 3.09±1.05MPa ; Group 2, 6.23±1.16MPa ; Group 3, 7.12±1.07MPa ; Group 4, 10.32±2.06MPa.

2. Tensile bond strengths of the group 2 and 4 used disks of gutta-percha for conventional obturation were significantly higher than that of the group 1 and 3 used for thermoplastic obturation. (p < 0.05)

3. Tensile bond strengths of the group 3 and 4 treated with 2% NaOCl+17% EDTA were significantly higher than that of the group 1 and 2 treated with 2% NaOCl. (p < 0.05)

4. In analysis of failure patterns at the interface between sealer and gutta-percha, there were observed 49 (61%)cases of adhesive failure patterns and 31(39%) cases of mixed failures patterns.

Fig. 1

Adaptation of sealer between dentin and Gutta-percha disk.

Fig. 2

The resin block was serially sectioned into stick of 1×1mm.

Fig. 3

Microtensile bond testing apparatus and testing procedure.

Fig. 4

Tensile bond strength(MPa) of sealer

Fig. 5

Failure pattern of sealer to dentin and Gutta-perch

Fig. 6

Failure patterns of the specimens at the interface of the Group1. a,b: Stereomicroscope(1.25×25) c,d:SEM(×1000) S:sealer G:Gutta-percha D:dentin surface.

Fig. 7

Failure patterns of the specimens at the interface of the Group2. a,b: Stereomicroscope(1.25×25) c,d:SEM(×1000) S:sealer G:Gutta-percha D:dentin surface.

Fig. 8

Filure patterns of the specimens at the interface of the Group3. a,b: Stereomicroscope(1.25×25) c,d:SEM(×1000) S:sealer G:Gutta-percha D:dentin surface.

Fig. 9

Filure patterns of the specimens at the interface of the Group4. a,b: Stereomicroscope(1.25×25) c,d:SEM(×1000) S:sealer G:Gutta-percha D:dentin surface.

Table 1

Group classificaion

GP-CO : Gutta-percha for conventional obturation

GP-TO : Gutta-percha for thermoplastic obturation

Table 2

Composition of Gutta-percha (Diadent/Dentsply, Korea)

GP-CO : Gutta-percha for conventional obturation

GP-TO : Gutta-percha for thermoplastic obturation

Table 3

Composition of AH26 (DeTrey/Dentsply, Germany)

Table 4

Tensile bond strength (Mean±SD(MPa) of sealer

Table 5

Comparison of tensile strength in groups

GP-CO : Gutta-percha for conventional obturation

GP-TO : Gutta-percha for thermoplastic obturation

Table 6

Failure pattern

REFERENCES

1. Tagger M, Tagger E, Tjan AH, Bakland LK. Measurement of adhesion of endodontic sealers to dentin. J Endod. 2002;28: 351-354.PubMed
2. Wennberg A, Orstavik D. Adhesion of root canal sealers to bovine dentine and gutta-percha. Int Endod J. 1990;23: 13-19.Article PubMed
3. Lee KW, Williams MC, Camps JJ, Pashley DH. Adhesion of endodontic sealers to dentin and gutta-percha. J Endod. 2002;28: 684-688.Article PubMed
4. Gettleman BH, Messer HH. Adhesion of sealer cements to dentin with and without the smear layer. J Endod. 1991;17: 15-20.Article PubMed
5. Kataoka H, Yoshilka T, Suda H. Dentin bonding and sealing ability of a new root canal resin sealer. J Endod. 2000;26: 230-235.Article PubMed
6. Calt S, Serper A. Time-dependent effects of EDTA on dentin structures. J Endod. 2002;28: 17-19.Article PubMed
7. Timpawat S, Harnirattisai C. Adhesion of a glass-ionomer root canal sealer to the root canal wall. J Endod. 2001;27: 168-171.Article PubMed
8. Pashley DH, Carvalho RM, Sano H, Nakajima M. The microtensile bond test : a review. J Adhes Dent. 1999;1: 299-309.PubMed
9. Armstrong SR, Boyer DB. Microtensile bond strength testing and failure analysis of two dentin adhesives. Dent Mater. 1998;14: 44-50.PubMed
10. Grossman LI, Oliet S, Del Rio CE. Endodontic Practice. 11th edn. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 255.
11. Goldman M, Goldman LB, Cavaleri R. The efficacy of several endodontic irrigating solutions : a scanning electron microscopic study. part. 2. J Endod. 1982;8: 487-492.Article PubMed
12. Wiener BH, Schilder H. A comparative study of important physical properties of various root canal sealersII Evaluation of dimensional changes. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1971;32: 928-937.PubMed
13. De Gee AJ, Wu MK, Wesselink PR. Sealing properties of Ketac Endo glass ionomer cement and AH26 root canal sealers. Int Endod J. 1994;27: 239-244.Article PubMed
14. Jeffrey IW, Saunders WP. An investigation into the bond strength between a root canal sealer and root-filling points. Int Endod J. 1987;20: 217-222.PubMed
15. Orstavik D, Eriksen HM, Beyer-Olsen EM. Adhesive properties and leakage of root canal sealers in vitro. Int Endod J. 1983;16: 59-63.Article PubMed
16. Pashley DH, Sano H, Ciucchi B, Yoshiyama M. Adhesion tesing of dentin bonding agents : A review. Dent Mater. 1995;11: 117-125.PubMed
17. Zmener O, Spielberg C, Lamberghini F, Rucci M. Sealing properties of a new epoxy resin-based root-canal sealer. Int Endod J. 1997;30: 332-334.Article PubMed
18. Marciano J, Michailesco PM. Dental gutta-percha : Chemical composition ,X-ray identification, enthalpic studies, and clinical implications. J Endod. 1989;15: 149-153.PubMed
19. Branstetter J, von Fraunhofer JA. The physical properties and sealing action of endodontic sealer cements : a review. J Endod. 1982;8: 312-316.PubMed
20. Schafer E, Olthoff G. Effect of three different sealers on the sealing ability of both thermafil obturators and cold laterally compacted gutta-perch. J Endod. 2002;28: 638-642.PubMed
21. Sano H, Shono T, Sonoda H, Takatsu T, Ciucchi B, Carvalho R, Pachley DH. Relationship between surface area for adhesion and tensile bond strength-Evaluation of a microtensile bone test. Dent Mater. 1994;10: 236-240.PubMed
22. De Gee AJ, Wu M-K, Wesselink PR. Sealing properties of Ketac-Endo glass ionomer cement and AH26 root canal sealers. Int Endod J. 1994;27: 239-244.PubMed
23. Sousa-Neto MD, Marchesan MA, et al. Effect of Er:YAG laser on adhesion of root canal sealers. J Endod. 2002;28: 185-187.Article PubMed
24. Baumgartner JC, Mader CL. A scanning electron microscopic evaluation of four root canal irrigation regimens. J Endod. 1987;13: 147-157.Article PubMed
25. Azar NG, Heidari M, et al. In vitro cytotoxicity of a new epoxy resin root canla sealer. J Endod. 2000;26: 462-465.PubMed
26. Lalh MS, Titley K, Torneck CD, Friedman S. The shear bond strength of glass ionomer cement sealers to bovine dentin conditioned with common endodontic irrigants. Int Endod J. 1999;32: 430-435.PubMed
27. Meryon SD, Tobias RS, Jakeman KJ. Smear removal agents : a quantitative study in vivo and in vitro. J Prosthet Dent. 1987;57: 174-179.Article PubMed
28. Cohen Stephen, Burns Richard C. Pathways of the pulp. seventh edition. 508-509.
29. Jang SW, Hong CE. Chi-yuleul wihan geungwanchilyo Atlas.

Tables & Figures

Fig. 1

Adaptation of sealer between dentin and Gutta-percha disk.

Fig. 2

The resin block was serially sectioned into stick of 1×1mm.

Fig. 3

Microtensile bond testing apparatus and testing procedure.

Fig. 4

Tensile bond strength(MPa) of sealer

Fig. 5

Failure pattern of sealer to dentin and Gutta-perch

Fig. 6

Failure patterns of the specimens at the interface of the Group1. a,b: Stereomicroscope(1.25×25) c,d:SEM(×1000) S:sealer G:Gutta-percha D:dentin surface.

Fig. 7

Failure patterns of the specimens at the interface of the Group2. a,b: Stereomicroscope(1.25×25) c,d:SEM(×1000) S:sealer G:Gutta-percha D:dentin surface.

Fig. 8

Filure patterns of the specimens at the interface of the Group3. a,b: Stereomicroscope(1.25×25) c,d:SEM(×1000) S:sealer G:Gutta-percha D:dentin surface.

Fig. 9

Filure patterns of the specimens at the interface of the Group4. a,b: Stereomicroscope(1.25×25) c,d:SEM(×1000) S:sealer G:Gutta-percha D:dentin surface.

Table 1

Group classificaion

GP-CO : Gutta-percha for conventional obturation

GP-TO : Gutta-percha for thermoplastic obturation

Table 2

Composition of Gutta-percha (Diadent/Dentsply, Korea)

GP-CO : Gutta-percha for conventional obturation

GP-TO : Gutta-percha for thermoplastic obturation

Table 3

Composition of AH26 (DeTrey/Dentsply, Germany)

Table 4

Tensile bond strength (Mean±SD(MPa) of sealer

Table 5

Comparison of tensile strength in groups

GP-CO : Gutta-percha for conventional obturation

GP-TO : Gutta-percha for thermoplastic obturation

Table 6

Failure pattern

REFERENCES

1. Tagger M, Tagger E, Tjan AH, Bakland LK. Measurement of adhesion of endodontic sealers to dentin. J Endod. 2002;28: 351-354.PubMed
2. Wennberg A, Orstavik D. Adhesion of root canal sealers to bovine dentine and gutta-percha. Int Endod J. 1990;23: 13-19.Article PubMed
3. Lee KW, Williams MC, Camps JJ, Pashley DH. Adhesion of endodontic sealers to dentin and gutta-percha. J Endod. 2002;28: 684-688.Article PubMed
4. Gettleman BH, Messer HH. Adhesion of sealer cements to dentin with and without the smear layer. J Endod. 1991;17: 15-20.Article PubMed
5. Kataoka H, Yoshilka T, Suda H. Dentin bonding and sealing ability of a new root canal resin sealer. J Endod. 2000;26: 230-235.Article PubMed
6. Calt S, Serper A. Time-dependent effects of EDTA on dentin structures. J Endod. 2002;28: 17-19.Article PubMed
7. Timpawat S, Harnirattisai C. Adhesion of a glass-ionomer root canal sealer to the root canal wall. J Endod. 2001;27: 168-171.Article PubMed
8. Pashley DH, Carvalho RM, Sano H, Nakajima M. The microtensile bond test : a review. J Adhes Dent. 1999;1: 299-309.PubMed
9. Armstrong SR, Boyer DB. Microtensile bond strength testing and failure analysis of two dentin adhesives. Dent Mater. 1998;14: 44-50.PubMed
10. Grossman LI, Oliet S, Del Rio CE. Endodontic Practice. 11th edn. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 255.
11. Goldman M, Goldman LB, Cavaleri R. The efficacy of several endodontic irrigating solutions : a scanning electron microscopic study. part. 2. J Endod. 1982;8: 487-492.Article PubMed
12. Wiener BH, Schilder H. A comparative study of important physical properties of various root canal sealersII Evaluation of dimensional changes. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1971;32: 928-937.PubMed
13. De Gee AJ, Wu MK, Wesselink PR. Sealing properties of Ketac Endo glass ionomer cement and AH26 root canal sealers. Int Endod J. 1994;27: 239-244.Article PubMed
14. Jeffrey IW, Saunders WP. An investigation into the bond strength between a root canal sealer and root-filling points. Int Endod J. 1987;20: 217-222.PubMed
15. Orstavik D, Eriksen HM, Beyer-Olsen EM. Adhesive properties and leakage of root canal sealers in vitro. Int Endod J. 1983;16: 59-63.Article PubMed
16. Pashley DH, Sano H, Ciucchi B, Yoshiyama M. Adhesion tesing of dentin bonding agents : A review. Dent Mater. 1995;11: 117-125.PubMed
17. Zmener O, Spielberg C, Lamberghini F, Rucci M. Sealing properties of a new epoxy resin-based root-canal sealer. Int Endod J. 1997;30: 332-334.Article PubMed
18. Marciano J, Michailesco PM. Dental gutta-percha : Chemical composition ,X-ray identification, enthalpic studies, and clinical implications. J Endod. 1989;15: 149-153.PubMed
19. Branstetter J, von Fraunhofer JA. The physical properties and sealing action of endodontic sealer cements : a review. J Endod. 1982;8: 312-316.PubMed
20. Schafer E, Olthoff G. Effect of three different sealers on the sealing ability of both thermafil obturators and cold laterally compacted gutta-perch. J Endod. 2002;28: 638-642.PubMed
21. Sano H, Shono T, Sonoda H, Takatsu T, Ciucchi B, Carvalho R, Pachley DH. Relationship between surface area for adhesion and tensile bond strength-Evaluation of a microtensile bone test. Dent Mater. 1994;10: 236-240.PubMed
22. De Gee AJ, Wu M-K, Wesselink PR. Sealing properties of Ketac-Endo glass ionomer cement and AH26 root canal sealers. Int Endod J. 1994;27: 239-244.PubMed
23. Sousa-Neto MD, Marchesan MA, et al. Effect of Er:YAG laser on adhesion of root canal sealers. J Endod. 2002;28: 185-187.Article PubMed
24. Baumgartner JC, Mader CL. A scanning electron microscopic evaluation of four root canal irrigation regimens. J Endod. 1987;13: 147-157.Article PubMed
25. Azar NG, Heidari M, et al. In vitro cytotoxicity of a new epoxy resin root canla sealer. J Endod. 2000;26: 462-465.PubMed
26. Lalh MS, Titley K, Torneck CD, Friedman S. The shear bond strength of glass ionomer cement sealers to bovine dentin conditioned with common endodontic irrigants. Int Endod J. 1999;32: 430-435.PubMed
27. Meryon SD, Tobias RS, Jakeman KJ. Smear removal agents : a quantitative study in vivo and in vitro. J Prosthet Dent. 1987;57: 174-179.Article PubMed
28. Cohen Stephen, Burns Richard C. Pathways of the pulp. seventh edition. 508-509.
29. Jang SW, Hong CE. Chi-yuleul wihan geungwanchilyo Atlas.

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Measurement of adhesion of root canal sealer to dentine and gutta-percha

J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2003;28(1):89-99. Published online January 31, 2003

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2003.28.1.089

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Figure

Measurement of adhesion of root canal sealer to dentine and gutta-percha

Fig. 1 Adaptation of sealer between dentin and Gutta-percha disk.

Fig. 2 The resin block was serially sectioned into stick of 1×1mm.

Fig. 3 Microtensile bond testing apparatus and testing procedure.

Fig. 4 Tensile bond strength(MPa) of sealer

Fig. 5 Failure pattern of sealer to dentin and Gutta-perch

Fig. 6 Failure patterns of the specimens at the interface of the Group1. a,b: Stereomicroscope(1.25×25) c,d:SEM(×1000) S:sealer G:Gutta-percha D:dentin surface.

Fig. 7 Failure patterns of the specimens at the interface of the Group2. a,b: Stereomicroscope(1.25×25) c,d:SEM(×1000) S:sealer G:Gutta-percha D:dentin surface.

Fig. 8 Filure patterns of the specimens at the interface of the Group3. a,b: Stereomicroscope(1.25×25) c,d:SEM(×1000) S:sealer G:Gutta-percha D:dentin surface.

Fig. 9 Filure patterns of the specimens at the interface of the Group4. a,b: Stereomicroscope(1.25×25) c,d:SEM(×1000) S:sealer G:Gutta-percha D:dentin surface.

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

Fig. 9

Measurement of adhesion of root canal sealer to dentine and gutta-percha

Table 1

Group classificaion

GP-CO : Gutta-percha for conventional obturation

GP-TO : Gutta-percha for thermoplastic obturation

Table 2

Composition of Gutta-percha (Diadent/Dentsply, Korea)

GP-CO : Gutta-percha for conventional obturation

GP-TO : Gutta-percha for thermoplastic obturation

Table 3

Composition of AH26 (DeTrey/Dentsply, Germany)

Table 4

Tensile bond strength (Mean±SD(MPa) of sealer

Table 5

Comparison of tensile strength in groups

GP-CO : Gutta-percha for conventional obturation

GP-TO : Gutta-percha for thermoplastic obturation

Table 6

Failure pattern

Table 1 Group classificaion

GP-CO : Gutta-percha for conventional obturation

GP-TO : Gutta-percha for thermoplastic obturation

Table 2 Composition of Gutta-percha (Diadent/Dentsply, Korea)

GP-CO : Gutta-percha for conventional obturation

GP-TO : Gutta-percha for thermoplastic obturation

Table 3 Composition of AH26 (DeTrey/Dentsply, Germany)

Table 4 Tensile bond strength (Mean±SD(MPa) of sealer

Table 5 Comparison of tensile strength in groups

GP-CO : Gutta-percha for conventional obturation

GP-TO : Gutta-percha for thermoplastic obturation

Table 6 Failure pattern