Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics

Abhishek Parolia

5 Articles

Effect of quality of radiographs taken during root canal treatment on technical quality of root canal fillings and endodontic outcome: Jia Min Ng, Yan Yee Lee, Prashanti Chippagiri, Elaheh Ahanin, Abhishek Parolia; Restor Dent Endod 2025;50(1):e3. Published online January 7, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2025.50.e3

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Objectives
This study evaluated the number and quality of working length (WL) and master cone (MC) radiographs taken during root canal treatment by dental undergraduates, and their associations with the technical quality of root canal fillings (TQRCF) and endodontic outcomes (EO).
Methods
A retrospective evaluation of radiographs from 303 root canal-treated teeth in 231 patients was conducted, with 72 patients attending recall visits to assess EO. The chi-square and one-way analysis of variance tests were performed.
Results
A total of 505 WL and 557 MC radiographs were reviewed, with 72.9% and 75% deemed satisfactory, respectively. Satisfactory TQRCF was achieved in 60.4% of cases. Significant associations were found between the extension of the file in WL and gutta-percha in MC radiographs and TQRCF (p = 0.000). Misinterpretation of these radiographs resulted in poor TQRCF. Furthermore, 64.2% of teeth had satisfactory EO. A significant relationship was noted between the quality of MC radiographs and both TQRCF (p = 0.043) and EO (p = 0.003).
Conclusions
Unsatisfactory MC radiographs were linked to poor TQRCF and unfavorable EO. Regular radiographic training is recommended to enhance EO.

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Effect of Dental Practicality Index training using an online video on decision-making and confidence level in treatment planning by dental undergraduates: Zhai Wei See, Ming Sern Lee, Abhishek Parolia, Shalini Kanagasingam, Shilpa Gunjal, Shanon Patel; Restor Dent Endod 2024;49(1):e8. Published online January 24, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e8

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Objectives

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Dental Practicality Index (DPI) training using an online video on the treatment planning decisions and confidence level of dental undergraduates (DUs).

Materials and Methods

Ninety-four DUs were shown 15 clinical case scenarios and asked to decide on treatment plans based on 4 treatment options. The most appropriate treatment plan had been decided by a consensus panel of experienced dentists. DUs then underwent DPI training using an online video. In a post-DPI-training test, DUs were shown the same clinical case scenarios and asked to assign the best treatment option. After 6 weeks, DUs were retested to assess their knowledge retention. In all 3 tests, DUs completed the confidence level scale questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the related-samples Wilcoxon signed rank test and the independent-samples Mann-Whitney U test with the level of significance set at p < 0.05.

Results

DPI training significantly improved the mean scores of the DUs from 7.53 in the pre-DPI-training test to 9.01 in the post-DPI-training test (p < 0.001). After 6 weeks, the mean scores decreased marginally to 8.87 in the retention test (p = 0.563). DPI training increased their confidence level from 5.68 pre-DPI training to 7.09 post-DPI training.

Conclusions

Training DUs using DPI with an online video improved their decision-making and confidence level in treatment planning.

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STUDY OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE USE OF DIRECT AND INDIRECT RESTORATION OVER TIME IN THE TREATMENT OF DEFECTS OF HARD DENTAL TISSUES AFTER ENDODONTIC INTERVENTION
V. V. Fedoriuk, М. М. Rozhko
Art of Medicine.2025; : 94. CrossRef

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Effect of QMix irrigant in removal of smear layer in root canal system: a systematic review of in vitro studies: Margaret Soo Yee Chia, Abhishek Parolia, Benjamin Syek Hur Lim, Jayakumar Jayaraman, Isabel Cristina Celerino de Moraes Porto; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(3):e28. Published online May 21, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e28

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

To evaluate the outcome of in vitro studies comparing the effectiveness of QMix irrigant in removing the smear layer in the root canal system compared with other irrigants.

Materials and Methods

The research question was developed by using Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome and Study design framework. Literature search was performed using 3 electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCOhost until October 2019. Two reviewers were independently involved in the selection of the articles and data extraction process. Risk of bias of the studies was independently appraised using revised Cochrane Risk of Bias tool (RoB 2.0) based on 5 domains.

Results

Thirteen studies fulfilled the selection criteria. The overall risk of bias was moderate. QMix was found to have better smear layer removal ability than mixture of tetracycline isonomer, an acid and a detergent (MTAD), sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), and phytic acid. The efficacy was less effective than 7% maleic acid and 10% citric acid. No conclusive results could be drawn between QMix and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid due to conflicting results. QMix was more effective when used for 3 minutes than 1 minute.

Conclusions

QMix has better smear layer removal ability compared to MTAD, NaOCl, Tubulicid Plus, and Phytic acid. In order to remove the smear layer more effectively with QMix, it is recommended to use it for a longer duration.

Citations

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Biological and chemical properties of new multi-functional root canal irrigants
Nidambur Vasudev Ballal, Rajkumar Narkedamalli, Padmaja A Shenoy, Shubhankar Das, Saravana Karthikeyan Balasubramanian, Jothi Varghese, Herman Sunil Dsouza, Kevin Epps, Theodroe Ravenel, Franklin R. Tay
Journal of Dentistry.2025; 153: 105551. CrossRef
Chitosan’s Ability to Remove the Smear Layer—A Systematic Review of Ex Vivo Studies
Ana Ferreira-Reguera, Inês Ferreira, Irene Pina-Vaz, Benjamín Martín-Biedma, José Martín-Cruces
Medicina.2025; 61(1): 114. CrossRef
The advancement in irrigation solution within the field of endodontics, A Review
Fatima Fahad , Raghad A Al-Hashimi , Munther J Hussain
Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry.2024; 36(1): 54. CrossRef
The effect of final irrigation with different solutions on smear layer removal and dentin erosion: A scanning electron microscope study
Mohammed AlBatati, Ammar AbuMostafa, Miriam Fatima Zaccaro Scelza
PLOS ONE.2024; 19(8): e0308606. CrossRef
Effect of QMix as final irrigation protocol on periapical healing after single‐visit root canal treatment: A randomised controlled clinical trial
Cemre Sapmaz Ucan, Aysin Dumani, Ilker Unal, Sehnaz Yilmaz, Oguz Yoldas
Australian Endodontic Journal.2023; 49(S1): 113. CrossRef
Effectiveness of Different Final Irrigation Procedures on Enterococcus faecalis Infected Root Canals: An In Vitro Evaluation
Sanda Ileana Cîmpean, Ioana-Sofia Pop-Ciutrila, Sebastian-Roberto Matei, Ioana Alina Colosi, Carmen Costache, Gheorghe Zsolt Nicula, Iulia Clara Badea, Loredana Colceriu Burtea
Materials.2022; 15(19): 6688. CrossRef
Evaluation of a Novel Tool for Apical Plug Formation during Apexification of Immature Teeth
Yasser Alsayed Tolibah, Line Droubi, Saleh Alkurdi, Mohammad Tamer Abbara, Nada Bshara, Thuraya Lazkani, Chaza Kouchaji, Ibrahim Ali Ahmad, Ziad D. Baghdadi
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(9): 5304. CrossRef
Influence of chelating solutions on tubular dentin sealer penetration: A systematic review with network meta‐analysis
Felipe de Souza Matos, Camila Maria Peres de Rosatto, Thaís Christina Cunha, Maria Tereza Campos Vidigal, Cauane Blumenberg, Luiz Renato Paranhos, Camilla Christian Gomes Moura
Australian Endodontic Journal.2021; 47(3): 715. CrossRef

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Inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases: a troubleshooting for dentin adhesion: Izadora Quintela Souza de Moraes, Ticiano Gomes do Nascimento, Antonio Thomás da Silva, Lilian Maria Santos Silva de Lira, Abhishek Parolia, Isabel Cristina Celerino de Moraes Porto; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(3):e31. Published online May 22, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e31

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Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are enzymes that can degrade collagen in hybrid layer and reduce the longevity of adhesive restorations. As scientific understanding of the MMPs has advanced, useful strategies focusing on preventing these enzymes' actions by MMP inhibitors have quickly developed in many medical fields. However, in restorative dentistry, it is still not well established. This paper is an overview of the strategies to inhibit MMPs that can achieve a long-lasting material-tooth adhesion. Literature search was performed comprehensively using the electronic databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect and Scopus including articles from May 2007 to December 2019 and the main search terms were “matrix metalloproteinases”, “collagen”, and “dentin” and “hybrid layer”. MMPs typical structure consists of several distinct domains. MMP inhibitors can be divided into 2 main groups: synthetic (synthetic-peptides, non-peptide molecules and compounds, tetracyclines, metallic ions, and others) and natural bioactive inhibitors mainly flavonoids. Selective inhibitors of MMPs promise to be the future for specific targeting of preventing dentin proteolysis. The knowledge about MMPs functionality should be considered to synthesize drugs capable to efficiently and selectively block MMPs chemical routes targeting their inactivation in order to overcome the current limitations of the therapeutic use of MMPs inhibitors, i.e., easy clinical application and long-lasting effect.

Citations

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Exploring the effectiveness of doxycycline in restorative dentistry: a systematic review of in vitro studies
Bruna Tavares Carneiro, Marina Minici Dumont Prado, Iara de Oliveira Nogueira, Allyson Nogueira Moreira, Carolina Bosso André
Odontology.2025; 113(1): 15. CrossRef
Multifunctional Dual Enzyme-Responsive Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Targeting and Enhancing the Treatment of Bacterial Infections
Kerisha Chetty, Xylia Q. Peters, Calvin A. Omolo, Eman A. Ismail, Mohammed A. Gafar, Eman Elhassan, Sania Z. F. Kassam, Jasoda Govender, Sbongumusa Dlamini, Thirumala Govender
ACS Applied Bio Materials.2025; 8(1): 548. CrossRef
Impact of silver diamine fluoride on composite resin bond strength: An In vitro study with various adhesive systems
Farzaneh Shirani, Shirin Ravanbod, Mohammad Soroush Sehat
Heliyon.2025; 11(2): e41731. CrossRef
Riboflavin-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy in Periodontology: A Systematic Review of Applications and Outcomes
Jakub Fiegler-Rudol, Maciej Łopaciński, Artur Los, Dariusz Skaba, Rafał Wiench
Pharmaceutics.2025; 17(2): 217. CrossRef
Evolution of Dental Resin Adhesives—A Comprehensive Review
Waad Khalid Alomran, Mohammed Zahedul Islam Nizami, Hockin H. K. Xu, Jirun Sun
Journal of Functional Biomaterials.2025; 16(3): 104. CrossRef
Long-term hybrid stability and matrix metalloproteinase inhibition by fucosterol in resin-dentin bonding biomechanics
Hyeryeong Kim, Yu-Jung Jung, Yeon Kim, Moon-Kyoung Bae, Kyung-Hyeon Yoo, Seog-Young Yoon, Hae Ryoun Park, In-Ryoung Kim, Yong-Il Kim
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Multifunctional Dental Adhesives Formulated with Silane-Coated Magnetic Fe3O4@m-SiO2 Core–Shell Particles to Counteract Adhesive Interfacial Breakdown
Lamia Sami Mokeem, Isadora Martini Garcia, Abdulrahman A. Balhaddad, Yucheng Lan, Dereje Seifu, Michael D. Weir, Mary Anne Melo
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces.2024; 16(2): 2120. CrossRef
Improving the Push-Out Bond Strength of Fiber Posts in Diabetic Dentin: The Role of Chlorexidine Irrigation and Resin Cements
Beyza Arslandaş Dinçtürk, Arzu Şahin Mantı, Cemile Kedici Alp, Ayşenur Altuğ Yıldırım, Arzu Kaya Mumcu
Journal of Functional Biomaterials.2024; 16(1): 4. CrossRef
Serum levels of matrix metalloproteinases 1, 2, and 7, and their tissue inhibitors 1, 2, 3, and 4 in polytraumatized patients: Time trajectories, correlations, and their ability to predict mortality
Lukas L. Negrin, Greta L. Carlin, Robin Ristl, Stefan Hajdu, Andre van Wijnen
PLOS ONE.2024; 19(3): e0300258. CrossRef
Current approaches to produce durable biomaterials: Trends in polymeric materials for restorative dentistry applications
Carmem S. Pfeifer, Fernanda S. Lucena, Matthew G. Logan, Devatha Nair, Steven H. Lewis
Dental Materials.2024; 40(12): 2122. CrossRef
Effect of Different MMP Inhibitors on the Bond Strength and Durability of an Etch-and-rinse and a Self-etch Adhesive
Ahmet Hazar, Mine Betül Üçtaşlı
ADO Klinik Bilimler Dergisi.2024; 13(3): 453. CrossRef
Matrix metalloproteinases in dentin: Assessing their presence, activity, and inhibitors – a review of current trends
Lavanya Anumula, Sindhu Ramesh, Venkata Suneel Kumar Kolaparthi
Dental Materials.2024; 40(11): 2051. CrossRef
Effect of nonthermal atmospheric plasma application at different time intervals on the dentinal shear bond strength pretreated with 2% chlorhexidine as cavity disinfectant: An in vitro study
Roopadevi Garlapati, Nagesh Bolla, Gali Praveen Kumar, Mayana Aameena Banu, Bandlapally Sreenivasa Guptha Anila, Shaik Afreen Kamal
Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.2024; 27(7): 769. CrossRef
Effect of MMP Inhibitors on Shear Bond Strength of Adhesive to Dentin after Different Drying Techniques: An In-Vitro Study
Sheethal K. Narayanan, Krishnan Hari, Joy Mathew, Anila Sukumaran, Basil Joy, Joel Mathew
Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences.2024; 16(Suppl 5): S4639. CrossRef
In situ detection of endogenous proteolytic activity and the effect of inhibitors on tooth root surface
Izumi Sakurai, Gen Mayanagi, Satoru Yamada, Nobuhiro Takahashi
Journal of Dentistry.2023; 131: 104471. CrossRef
Effects of Cathepsin K Inhibitors on Dentin Erosion: An in vitro Study
Yi-ying Chen, Xiu-jiao Lin, Zhi-cen Lu, Annette Wiegand, Hao Yu
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The Role of Duration of Chlorhexidine Gluconate 2% Application on the Shear Bond Strength of a Total Etch Bonding Agent: A Comparative Study
Azmi Fasya, Yolanda Yolanda, Ayu Trisna Hayati
Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry.2023; Volume 15: 281. CrossRef
The effect of kaempferol on the dentin bonding stability through matrix metalloproteinases inhibition and collagen crosslink in dentin biomodification
Jeonghwa Cho, Hyeryeong Kim, Kyung-Hyeon Yoo, Youna Paik, In-Ryoung Kim, Seog-Young Yoon, Yong-Il Kim
Journal of Dental Sciences.2023; 18(3): 1023. CrossRef
EFFECT OF TiO2 DECORATED CELLULOSIC MATERIALS ADDITION ON MECHANICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF DENTAL ADHESIVE COMPOSITES
HUMAIRA JABEEN, NAWSHAD MUHAMMAD, USAMA SIDDIQUI, MUHAMMAD SABIR, NAVEED AHMAD, SAAD LIAQAT
Cellulose Chemistry and Technology.2023; 57(5-6): 541. CrossRef
Insight into the development of versatile dentin bonding agents to increase the durability of the bonding interface
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Journal of Clinical Medicine.2022; 11(21): 6591. CrossRef
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Effects of the Combined Application of Trimethylated Chitosan and Carbodiimide on the Biostability and Antibacterial Activity of Dentin Collagen Matrix
Xiangyao Wang, Qilin Li, Haibo Lu, Zhuo Liu, Yaxin Wu, Jing Mao, Shiqiang Gong
Polymers.2022; 14(15): 3166. CrossRef
Matrix Metalloproteinases in Dental and Periodontal Tissues and Their Current Inhibitors: Developmental, Degradational and Pathological Aspects
Moataz Elgezawi, Rasha Haridy, Khalid Almas, Moamen A. Abdalla, Omar Omar, Hatem Abuohashish, Abeer Elembaby, Uta Christine Wölfle, Yasir Siddiqui, Dalia Kaisarly
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Mussel-inspired monomer – A new selective protease inhibitor against dentine collagen degradation
Kang Li, Fung Man Ngo, Angela Yat Laam Yau, Winnie Wai Ling Tam, Edmund Chun Ming Tse, James Kit Hon Tsoi, Cynthia Kar Yung Yiu
Dental Materials.2022; 38(7): 1149. CrossRef
Effect of Collagen Crosslinkers on Dentin Bond Strength of Adhesive Systems: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Louis Hardan, Umer Daood, Rim Bourgi, Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez, Walter Devoto, Maciej Zarow, Natalia Jakubowicz, Juan Eliezer Zamarripa-Calderón, Mateusz Radwanski, Giovana Orsini, Monika Lukomska-Szymanska
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Marginal Integrity of Composite Restoration with and without Surface Pretreatment by Gold and Silver Nanoparticles vs Chlorhexidine: A Randomized Controlled Trial
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Use of the adhesive layer as a controlled release platform for doxycycline, as promising advancement for longer durability of dentin adhesion
Lívia Rodrigues de Menezes, Dayane Carvalho Ramos Salles de Oliveira, Cássia Almeida Brito, Emerson Oliveira da Silva
International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives.2021; 108: 102889. CrossRef
Understanding collagen interactions and their targeted regulation by novel drugs
Marialucia Gallorini, Simone Carradori
Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery.2021; 16(11): 1239. CrossRef
Effect of Curcumin Suspension and Vitamin C on Dentin Shear Bond Strength and Durability. A Pilot Study
Dalia A. Abuelenain, Ensanya A. Abou Neel, Tariq S. Abuhaimed, Amal M. Alamri, Hanan S. Ammar, Sahar M. N. Bukhary
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Reinforced Universal Adhesive by Ribose Crosslinker: A Novel Strategy in Adhesive Dentistry
Rim Bourgi, Umer Daood, Mohammed Nadeem Bijle, Amr Fawzy, Maroun Ghaleb, Louis Hardan
Polymers.2021; 13(5): 704. CrossRef

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Antimicrobial efficacy of QMix on Enterococcus faecalis infected root canals: a systematic review of in vitro studies: Benjamin Syek Hur Lim, Abhishek Parolia, Margaret Soo Yee Chia, Jayakumar Jayaraman, Venkateshbabu Nagendrababu; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(2):e23. Published online March 11, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e23

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This study aimed to summarize the outcome of in vitro studies comparing the antibacterial effectiveness of QMix with other irrigants against Enterococcus faecalis.

Materials and Methods

The research question was developed by using population, intervention, comparison, outcome, and study design framework. The literature search was performed using 3 electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCOhost until October 2019. The additional hand search was performed from the reference list of the eligible studies. The risk of bias of the studies was independently appraised using the revised Cochrane Risk of Bias tool (RoB 2.0).

Results

Fourteen studies were included in this systematic review. The overall risk of bias for the selected studies was moderate. QMix was found to have a higher antimicrobial activity compared to 2% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), mixture of tetracycline isonomer, an acid and a detergent (MTAD), 0.2% Cetrimide, SilverSol/H2O2, HYBENX, and grape seed extract (GSE). QMix had higher antibacterial efficacy compared to NaOCl, only when used for a longer time (10 minutes) and with higher volume (above 3 mL).

Conclusions

QMix has higher antibacterial activity than 17% EDTA, 2% CHX, MTAD, 0.2% Cetrimide, SilverSol/H2O2, HYBENX, GSE and NaOCl with lower concentration. To improve the effectiveness, QMix is to use for a longer time and at a higher volume.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews Identifier: CRD42018096763

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Smear layer removal and antimicrobial efficacy of chitosan as a root canal irrigant: a systematic review of in-vitro studies
Karthikeyan Anbalagan, Amit Jena, Saumyakanta Mohanty, Rashmirekha Mallick, Govind Shashirekha, Priyanka Sarangi
Odontology.2025; 113(1): 61. CrossRef
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Journal of Inflammation Research.2024; Volume 17: 10093. CrossRef
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Antibiotics.2023; 12(3): 456. CrossRef
An in-vitro analysis to evaluate the disinfection effectiveness of Cold Atmospheric Pressure (CAP) plasma jet in Enterococcus faecalis infected root canals
Pravin Kumar, P. Soundharrajan, Ram Prakash, Sarika Prabhakar Kombade, Pankaj Yadav, Ankita Chugh, Arun Kumar Patnana
Biomaterial Investigations in Dentistry.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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Mi-Ah KIM, Vinicius ROSA, Kyung-San MIN
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Antibacterial Activity of Endodontic Gutta-Percha—A Systematic Review
Jakub Kowalski, Joanna Rygas, Karolina Homa, Wojciech Dobrzyński, Rafal J. Wiglusz, Jacek Matys, Maciej Dobrzyński
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Evaluation of the Antibacterial Efficacy of QMix and AgNP Solutions in Root Canals of Primary Molars: An In-Vitro Study
Dania Alkhourbotly, Mohamed K Altinawi, Rouaida Abou-Samra, Hasan M Alzoubi, Abedulrahman K Ebrahim
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Microbiological Aspects of Root Canal Infections and Disinfection Strategies: An Update Review on the Current Knowledge and Challenges
Jasmine Wong, Daniel Manoil, Peggy Näsman, Georgios N. Belibasakis, Prasanna Neelakantan
Frontiers in Oral Health.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

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