Warning: mkdir(): Permission denied in /home/virtual/lib/view_data.php on line 81

Warning: fopen(upload/ip_log/ip_log_2024-12.txt): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in /home/virtual/lib/view_data.php on line 83

Warning: fwrite() expects parameter 1 to be resource, boolean given in /home/virtual/lib/view_data.php on line 84
CYCLIC FATIGUE OF THE SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE TREATED AND /OR STEAM AUTOCLAVED NICKEL-TITANIUM ENDODONTIC FILES
Skip Navigation
Skip to contents

Restor Dent Endod : Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics

Search
Advanced Search
OPEN ACCESS
mobile search button mobile menu button

Articles

Page Path
HOME > Restor Dent Endod > Volume 33(1); 2008 > Article
Original Article CYCLIC FATIGUE OF THE SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE TREATED AND /OR STEAM AUTOCLAVED NICKEL-TITANIUM ENDODONTIC FILES
Hye-Young Cho, Il-Young Jung, Chan-Young Lee, Euiseong Kim,*
Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry 2008;33(1):54-65.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2008.33.1.54
Published online: January 14, 2008

Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea5

*Corresponding Author: Euiseong Kim, Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University 134 Shinchon-Dong, Seodamun-Ku, Seoul, 120-752, Korea, Tel: 82-2-2228-8700 Fax: 82-2-313-7575, E-mail: andyendo@yuhs.ac
• Received: October 17, 2007   • Revised: December 11, 2007   • Accepted: January 9, 2008

Copyright © 2008 The Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

  • 20 Views
  • 0 Download
prev next
Full Article

Download PDF Download PDF

  • The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sodium hypochlorite and steam autoclaving on the cyclic fatigue of nickel-titanium endodontic files.
    Two types of files with a .06 taper and #30 were used, K3® (SybronEndo, Glendora, California, USA) and Hero642®(Micro-Mega, Besançon, France).
    The files were divided into 6 experimental groups containing 10 files each group depending the soaking time in 6% sodium hypochlorite solution and number of cycles of steam autoclave. After sterilization, a cyclic fatigue test was performed on each file, and the fracture time was recorded in seconds. The control group underwent the cyclic fatigue test only. After the test, the surface characteristics of the files were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
    All groups containing the Hero 642® files showed a similar cyclic fatigue fracture time. However, the cyclic fatigue fracture time with the K3® files was significantly shorter in groups which were treated with sodium hypochlorite than in the control group (P < 0.05). SEM revealed both Hero642® and K3® files to have significant corrosion on the file surface in groups treated with sodium hypochlorite, compared with the sharp and regular blades of the control group. K3® files showed more corrosion than the Hero642® files. Bluntness of the blades of the K3® file was observed in groups treated with steam autoclave. Although there was no obvious destruction on the surface of steam autoclaved Hero642® files, slight bluntness was observed.
    Sterilizing with a steam autoclave is much less destructive to K3® files than sodium hypochlorite. The longer time exposed to sodium hypochlorite, the more destructive pattern was shown on the blades of the files. Therefore, when using sodium hypochlorite solution, the exposure time should be as short as possible in order to prevent corrosion and increase the cyclic fatigue fracture time.
  • Keywords: Cyclic fatigue fracture; Ni-Ti endodontic files; sodium hypochlorite solution; steam autoclave
Figure 1.
A photograph and a schematic diagram of the machine for cyclic fatigue test.
jkacd-33-54f1.jpg
Figure 2.
Sloped metal block with a guiding path of 2 mm width.
jkacd-33-54f2.jpg
Figure 3.
Cyclic fatigue fracture time of K3® (sec) (Mean ± SD).
jkacd-33-54f3.jpg

A, B, C, D means that the same letters are not significantly different.

Figure 4.
Cyclic fatigue fracture time of Hero 642® (sec) (Mean ± SD).
jkacd-33-54f4.jpg
Figure 5.
SEM view of files of the control groups.
jkacd-33-54f5.jpg
Figure 6.
SEM view of files of the N15 groups.
jkacd-33-54f6.jpg
Figure 7.
SEM view of files of the N30 groups.
jkacd-33-54f7.jpg
Figure 8.
SEM view of files of the H5 groups.
jkacd-33-54f8.jpg
Figure 9.
SEM view of files of the H10 groups.
jkacd-33-54f9.jpg
Figure 10.
SEM view of files of the H5N15 groups.
jkacd-33-54f10.jpg
Figure 11.
SEM view of files of the H10N30 groups.
jkacd-33-54f11.jpg
Figure 12.
Files in NaOCl solution.
jkacd-33-54f12.jpg
Figure 13.
Surface of files after 15 minutes of NaOCl treatment.
jkacd-33-54f13.jpg
Figure 14.
Qualitative analysis of Hero 642®.
jkacd-33-54f14.jpg
Figure 15.
Qualitative analysis of K3®.
jkacd-33-54f15.jpg
Table 1.
Pretreatment of each groups before cyclic fatigue test
Group name pretreatment method
N 15 15 minutes in sodium hypochlorite solution
N 30 30 minutes in sodium hypochlorite solution
H 5 5 cycles in steam autoclave
H 10 10 cycles in steam autoclave
H 5 N 15 5 cycles in steam autoclave following 15 minutes in sodium hypochlorite solution
H 10 N 30 10 cycles in steam autoclave following 30 minutes in sodium hypochlorite solution
Table 2.
Quantitative analysis of Hero 642®
Element Line weight% K-Ratio Decon-Regions Cnts/s Atomic % Z A F
Ti Ka 18.67 0.1819 4.260 – 4.750 23.25 21.96 0.9966 0.9522 1.0262
Ni Ka 81.32 0.8015 7.150 – 7.790 32.76 78.04 0.9997 0.9859 1.0000
Total 99.99
Table 3.
Quantitative analysis of K3®
Element Line weight% K-Ratio Decon-Regions Cnts/s Atomic % Z A F
Ti Ka 19.21 0.1871 4.230 – 4.840 22.95 22.57 0.9966 0.9525 1.0260
Ni Ka 80.79 0.7959 7.150 – 7.790 31.22 77.43 0.9997 0.9855 1.0000
Total 100.00
  • 1. Walia H, Brantley WA, Gerstein H. An initial investigation of the bending and torsional properties of Nitinol root canal files. J Endod 14:346-351. 1988.ArticlePubMed
  • 2. Glosson CR, Haller RH, Dove SH, Del Rio CE. A comparison of root canal preparations using Ni-Ti hand, Ni-Ti engine-driven, and K-Flex endodontic instruments. J Endod 21(3):146-151. 1995.PubMed
  • 3. Gambill JM, Alder M, Del Rio CE. Comparison of nickel-titanium and stainless steel hand-file instrumentation using computed tomography. J Endod 22(7):369-375. 1996.ArticlePubMed
  • 4. Thompson SA, Dummer PMH. Shaping ability of ProFile.04 taper series 29 rotary nickel-titanium instruments in simulated root canals. Part 1. Int Endod J 30:1-7. 1997.ArticlePubMed
  • 5. Serene TP, Adams JD, Saxena A. Nickel-Titanium instruments : Applications in Endodontics. St Louis: Ishiyaku EuroAmerica, Inc.; 1995.
  • 6. Pruett JP, Clement DJ, Carnes DL Jr. Cyclic fatigue testing of nickel-titanium endodontic instruments. J Endod 23(2):77-85. 1997.PubMed
  • 7. Dieter GE. Mechanical metallurgy. 3rd ed.. McGraw-Hill; New York, NY: 1986.Article
  • 8. Silvaggio J, Hicks L. Effect of heat sterilization on the torsional properties of rotary nickel-titanium endodontic files. J Endod 23(12):731-734. 1997.ArticlePubMed
  • 9. Stokes O, Fiore P, Barss J, Koerber A, Gilbert J, Lautenschlager E. Corrosion in stainless steel and nickel-titanium files. J Endod 25(11):731-735. 1999.ArticlePubMed
  • 10. Hal¨kel Y, Serfaty R, Wilson P, Speisser J, Alleman C. Mechanical properties of nickel-titanium endodontic instruments and the effect of sodium hypochlorite treatment. J Endod 24(11):731-735. 1998.PubMed
  • 11. Schneider SW. A comparison of canal preparations in straight and curved root canals. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 32(2):271-275. 1971.ArticlePubMed
  • 12. American Dental Association. Council on dental materials and devices. specification No. 28 for endodontic files and reamers. J Am Dent Assoc 93(8):831-817. 1976.
  • 13. Hal¨kel Y, Serfaty R, Bateman G, Senger B, Alleman C. Dynamic and cyclic fatigue of engine-driven rotary nickel-titanium endodontic instrument. J Endod 25(6):434-440. 1999.PubMed
  • 14. Yared G, Dagher F, Machtou P. Cyclic fatigue of Profile rotary instruments after simulated clinical use. Int Endod J 32:115-119. 1999.PubMed
  • 15. Yared G, Dagher F, Machtou P. Cyclic fatigue of Profile rotary instruments after clinical use. Int Endod J 33:204-207. 2000.ArticlePubMed
  • 16. Fife D, Gambarini G, Britto L. Cyclic fatigue testing of Protaper NiTi instruments after clinical use. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 97:251-256. 2004.PubMed
  • 17. Turpin YL, Chagneau F, Vulcain JM. Impact of two theoretical cross-sections on torsional and bending stressess of nickel-titanium root canal instrument models. J Endod 26(7):414-417. 2000.PubMed
  • 18. Gambarini G. Cyclic fatigue of nickel-titanium rotary instruments after clinical use with low- and high-torque endodontic motors. J Endod 27(12):772-774. 2001a.PubMed
  • 19. Li U, Lee B, Shih C, Lan W, Lin C. Cyclic fatigue of endodontic nickel-titanium rotary instruments : static and dynamic tests. J Endod 28(6):448-451. 2002.ArticlePubMed
  • 20. Gambarini G. Cyclic fatigue of Profile rotary instruments after prolonged clinical use. Int Endod J 34:386-398. 2001b.PubMed
  • 21. Thierry B, Tabrizian M, Savadogo O, Yahia L’H. Effect of sterilization process in NiTi alloy : surface characterization. J Biomed Mater Res 49(1):88-98. 2000.ArticlePubMed

Tables & Figures

REFERENCES

    Citations

    Citations to this article as recorded by  

      • ePub LinkePub Link
      • Cite
        CITE
        export Copy Download
        Close
        Download Citation
        Download a citation file in RIS format that can be imported by all major citation management software, including EndNote, ProCite, RefWorks, and Reference Manager.
        Format:
        • RIS — For EndNote, ProCite, RefWorks, and most other reference management software
        • BibTeX — For JabRef, BibDesk, and other BibTeX-specific software
        Include:
        • Citation for the content below
        CYCLIC FATIGUE OF THE SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE TREATED AND /OR STEAM AUTOCLAVED NICKEL-TITANIUM ENDODONTIC FILES
        J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2008;33(1):54-65.   Published online January 14, 2008
        DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2008.33.1.54
        Close
      • XML DownloadXML Download
      Figure
      • 0
      • 1
      • 2
      • 3
      • 4
      • 5
      • 6
      • 7
      • 8
      • 9
      • 10
      • 11
      • 12
      • 13
      • 14
      CYCLIC FATIGUE OF THE SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE TREATED AND /OR STEAM AUTOCLAVED NICKEL-TITANIUM ENDODONTIC FILES
      Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image
      Figure 1. A photograph and a schematic diagram of the machine for cyclic fatigue test.
      Figure 2. Sloped metal block with a guiding path of 2 mm width.
      Figure 3. Cyclic fatigue fracture time of K3® (sec) (Mean ± SD).
      Figure 4. Cyclic fatigue fracture time of Hero 642® (sec) (Mean ± SD).
      Figure 5. SEM view of files of the control groups.
      Figure 6. SEM view of files of the N15 groups.
      Figure 7. SEM view of files of the N30 groups.
      Figure 8. SEM view of files of the H5 groups.
      Figure 9. SEM view of files of the H10 groups.
      Figure 10. SEM view of files of the H5N15 groups.
      Figure 11. SEM view of files of the H10N30 groups.
      Figure 12. Files in NaOCl solution.
      Figure 13. Surface of files after 15 minutes of NaOCl treatment.
      Figure 14. Qualitative analysis of Hero 642®.
      Figure 15. Qualitative analysis of K3®.

      Figure 1.

      Figure 2.

      Figure 3.

      Figure 4.

      Figure 5.

      Figure 6.

      Figure 7.

      Figure 8.

      Figure 9.

      Figure 10.

      Figure 11.

      Figure 12.

      Figure 13.

      Figure 14.

      Figure 15.

      CYCLIC FATIGUE OF THE SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE TREATED AND /OR STEAM AUTOCLAVED NICKEL-TITANIUM ENDODONTIC FILES
      Group name pretreatment method
      N 15 15 minutes in sodium hypochlorite solution
      N 30 30 minutes in sodium hypochlorite solution
      H 5 5 cycles in steam autoclave
      H 10 10 cycles in steam autoclave
      H 5 N 15 5 cycles in steam autoclave following 15 minutes in sodium hypochlorite solution
      H 10 N 30 10 cycles in steam autoclave following 30 minutes in sodium hypochlorite solution
      Element Line weight% K-Ratio Decon-Regions Cnts/s Atomic % Z A F
      Ti Ka 18.67 0.1819 4.260 – 4.750 23.25 21.96 0.9966 0.9522 1.0262
      Ni Ka 81.32 0.8015 7.150 – 7.790 32.76 78.04 0.9997 0.9859 1.0000
      Total 99.99
      Element Line weight% K-Ratio Decon-Regions Cnts/s Atomic % Z A F
      Ti Ka 19.21 0.1871 4.230 – 4.840 22.95 22.57 0.9966 0.9525 1.0260
      Ni Ka 80.79 0.7959 7.150 – 7.790 31.22 77.43 0.9997 0.9855 1.0000
      Total 100.00
      Table 1. Pretreatment of each groups before cyclic fatigue test

      Table 2. Quantitative analysis of Hero 642®

      Table 3. Quantitative analysis of K3®

      Table 1.

      Table 2.

      Table 3.

      Restor Dent Endod : Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics
      © The Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.
      Close layer
      TOP