Effect of the application time of self-etching primers on the bonding of enamel

Cheol-Hee Jin; Young-Gon Cho; Soo-Mee Kim; Myeong-Seon Lee

doi:10.5395/JKACD.2008.33.3.224

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Original Article Effect of the application time of self-etching primers on the bonding of enamel: Cheol-Hee Jin¹, Young-Gon Cho¹, Soo-Mee Kim², Myeong-Seon Lee³; 2008;33(3):-234.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2008.33.3.224
Published online: May 31, 2008

¹Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Korea.

²Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine, Seonam University, Korea.

³Department of Dental Hygine, Seokang College, Korea.

Corresponding Author: Young-Gon Cho. Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, 421 Seosuk-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-825, Korea. Tel: 82-62-220-3840, Fax: 82-62-232-9064, ygcho@chosun.ac.kr

• Received: March 4, 2008 • Revised: April 7, 2008 • Accepted: April 28, 2008

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Abstract
REFERENCES

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare the normal and two times of application time of six self-etching primers applied to enamel using microshear bond strength (uSBS) test and the finding of scanning electronic microscope (SEM).

Crown of sixty human molars were bisected mesiodistally and buccal and lingual enamel of crowns were partially exposed and polished with 600 grit SiC papers. They were divided into one of two equal groups subdivided into one of six equal groups (n = 10) by self-etching primer adhesives.

After the same manufacture's adhesive resin and composites were bonded on the enamel surface of each group, the bonded specimens were subjected to uSBS testing and also observed under SEM.

In conclusion, generally two times of primer application time increased the enamel uSBS, especially with the statistical increase of bond strength in adhesives involving high-pH primers.
Keywords: Application time; Self-etching primers; Microshear bond strength; SEM; Enamel

Figure 1

Microshear bond test of specimen.

Figure 2

SEM micrographs of interface of enamel (E) and composite resin (R) treated with Tyrian SPE for normal application time (20 s) and two times of application time (40 s).

Close adaptation was seen between enamel and resin in both groups, TY group (A) and TY-2 group (B)(× 4,500).

Figure 3

SEM micrographs of interface of enamel (E) and composite resin (R) treated with Contax for normal application time (20 s) and two times of application time (40 s).

Close adaptation was seen between enamel and resin in both groups, CO group (A) and CO-2 group (B)(× 4,500).

Table 1

Classification by kinds of self-etching primer adhesive systems and composites

Table 2

Composition and pH of self-etching primer adhesives

DMA = Dimethacrylate, GPDM = Glycerol phophate dimethacrylate; 10-MDP = 10-Methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate; HEMA = Hydroxyethylmethacrylate; 4-MET4-Methacryloxyethyl trimellitic acid; BPDM; bisphenyl dimethacrylate; Bis-GMA = Bisphenol-glycidyl methacrylate; GDM = Glycerol dimethacrylate; UDMA=Urethane dimethacrylate; TEGDMA = Triethylene glycol dimethacrylate

Table 3

Application time of primer in each group

-2 mean two times of application time than normal primer application time

REFERENCES

1. Inoue S, Vargas MA, Abe Y, Yoshida Y, Lambrechts P, Varherle G, Sano H, Van Meerbeek B. Microtensile bond strength of eleven contemporary adhesives to enamel. Am J Dent. 2003;16: 329-334.PubMed
2. Van Meerbeek B, De Munck J, Matter D, Van Landuyt K, Lambrechts P. Microtensile bond strength of an etch & rinse and self-etch adhesive to enamel and dentin as a function of surface treatment. Oper Dent. 2003;28: 647-660.PubMed
3. Van Meerbeek B, Peumans M, Gladys S, Braem M, Lambrechts P, Vanherle G. Three-year clinical effetiveness of four total-etch dentinal adhesive systems in cervical lesions. Quintessence Int. 1996;27: 775-784.PubMed
4. Kanemura N, Sano H, Tagami J. Tensile bond strength to and SEM evaluation of ground and intact enamel surfaces. J Dent. 1999;27: 523-530.Article PubMed
5. Toledano M, Osorio R, De Leonardi G, Rosales-Leal JI, Ceballos L, Cabrerizo-Vilchez MA. Influence of self-etching primer on the resin adhesion to enamel and dentin. Am J Dent. 2001;14: 205-210.PubMed
6. Kiremitci A, Yalcin F, Gokalp S. Bonding to enamel and dentin using self-etching adhesive systems. Quintessence Int. 2004;35: 367-370.PubMed
7. Vargas M, Cobb D, Denchy G. Interfacial micromorphology and shear bond strength of single-bottle primer/adhesives. Dent Mater. 1997;13: 316-324.Article PubMed
8. Hipolito VD, de Goes MF, de Oliveira Carriho MR, Chan DCN, Daronch M, Sinhoreti MAC. SEM evaluation of contemporary self-etching primers applied to ground and unground enamel. J Adhes Dent. 2005;7: 203-211.PubMed
9. Shimada Y, Senawongse P, Harnirattisai C, Burrow MF, Nakaoki Y, Tagami J. Bond strength of two adhesive systems to primary and permanent enamel. Oper Dent. 2002;27: 403-409.PubMed
10. Hannig M, Reinhardt KJ, Bott B. Self-etching primer vs phosphoric acid: an alternative concept for composite-to-enamel bonding. Oper Dent. 1999;24: 172-180.PubMed
11. Van Meerbeek B, De Munck J, Inoue S, Yoshida S, Peumans M, Lambrechts P, Vanherle G. Adhesives and cements to promote preservation dentistry. Oper Dent suppl. 2001;6: 119-144.
12. Daronch M, de Goes FM, Grande RHM, Chan DCN. Antibacterial and conventional self-etching primer system: Morphological evaluation of intact primary enamel. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2003;27: 251-256.PubMed
13. Nakabayashi N, Pashley DH. Hybridization of dental hard tissue. 1998;Tokyo: Quintessense Publishing Co.; 39-44.
14. Yoshida Y, Nagakane K, Fukuda R, Nakayama Y, Okazaki M, Shintani H, Inoue S, Tagawa Y, Suzuki K, De Munck J, Van Meerbeek B. Comparative study on adhesive performance of functional monomers. J Dent Res. 2004;83: 454-458.Article PubMed PDF
15. Perdigao J, Lopes L, Lambrechts P, Leitao J, Van Meerbeek B. Effects of a self-etching primer on enamel shear bond strengths and SEM morphology. Am J Dent. 1997;10: 141-146.PubMed
16. Toledano M, Osorio R, De Leonardi G, Rosales-Leal JI, Ceballos L, Cabrerizo-Vilchez MA. Influence of self-etching primer on the resin adhesion to enamel and dentin. Am J Dent. 2001;14: 205-210.PubMed
17. Ikeda T, Uno S, Tanaka T, Kawakami S, Komatsu H, Sano H. Relation of enamel prism orientation to microtensile bond strength. Am J Dent. 2002;15: 109-113.PubMed
18. Kerby RE, Knobloch LA, Clelland N, Lilley H, Seghi R. Microtensile bond strengths of one-step and self-etching adheisve systems. Oper Dent. 2005;30: 195-200.PubMed
19. Moura SK, Pelizza A, Bianco KD, de Goes MF, Loguercio AD, Reis A, Grande RH. Does the acidity of self-etching primers affect bond strength and surface morphology of enamel? J Adhes Dent. 2006;8: 75-83.PubMed
20. Senawongse P, Sattabanasuk V, Shimada Y, Otsuki M, Tagami J. Bond strength of current adhesive systems on intact and ground enamel. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2004;16: 107-115.Article PubMed
21. Torii Y, Itou K, Nishitani Y, Ishikawa K, Suzuki K. Effect of phosphoric acid etching to self-etching primer application on adhesion of resin composite to enamel and dentin. Am J Dent. 2002;15: 305-308.PubMed
22. Cehreli SB, Eminkahayagil N. Effect of active pretreatment of self-etching primers on the ultramorphology of intact primary and permanent tooth enamel. J Dent Child (Chic). 2006;73: 86-90.PubMed
23. Miyazaki M, Hinoura K, Honjo G, Onose H. Effect of self-etching primer application method on enamel bond strength. Am J Dent. 2002;15: 412-416.PubMed
24. Yoshiyama M, Sano H, Ebisu S, Tagami J, Ciucchi B, Carvalho RM, Jonson MH, Pashley DH. Regional strengths of bonding agents to cervical sclerotic root dentin. J Dent Res. 1996;75: 1404-1413.Article PubMed PDF
25. Lopes GC, Marson FC, Vieira LCC, de Andrada MAC, Baratieri LN. Composite bond strength to enamel with self-etching primers. Oper Dent. 2004;29: 424-429.PubMed
26. Finger WJ, Tani C. Effect of application modes on bonding performance of self-etching adhesives. Am J Dent. 2005;18: 41-44.PubMed
27. Yamada T, Sugizaki J. Basic properties and clinical application of the Clearfil SE Bond. 2000;Processing of the international Kuraray Symposium. Osaka: 1-6.
28. Van Meerbeek B, Vargas M, Inoue S, Yoshida Y, Perdigao J, Lambrechts P, Vanherle G. Microscopy investigations. Techniques, results, limitations. Am J Dent. 2000;13: 3D-18D.PubMed
29. Hotta K, Mogi M, Miura F, Nakabayashi N. Effects of 4-MET on bond strength and penetration monomers into enamel. Dent Mater. 1992;8: 173-175.PubMed
30. Yoshida Y, Van Meerbeek B, Nakayama Y, Snauwaert J, Hellemans L, Lambrechts P, Vanherle G, Wakasa K. Evidence of chemical bonding at biomaterial-hard tissue interfaces. J Dent Res. 2000;79: 709-714.Article PubMed PDF
31. Ferrari M, Mannocci F, Vichi A, Davidson CL. Effect of two etching timers on the sealing ability Clearfil Liner Bond 2 Class V restorations. Am J Dent. 1997;10: 66-70.PubMed
32. Tay FR, Pashley DH. Aggressiveness of contemporary self-etch adhesives. I: Depth of penetration beyond dentin smear layers. Dent Mater. 2001;17: 296-308.PubMed
33. Tay FR, Pashley DH, King NM, Carvalho RM, Tsai J, Lai SCN, Marquezini L. Aggressiveness of self-etch adhesives on unground enamel. Oper Dent. 2004;29: 309-316.PubMed

Tables & Figures

Figure 1

Microshear bond test of specimen.

Figure 2

SEM micrographs of interface of enamel (E) and composite resin (R) treated with Tyrian SPE for normal application time (20 s) and two times of application time (40 s).

Close adaptation was seen between enamel and resin in both groups, TY group (A) and TY-2 group (B)(× 4,500).

Figure 3

SEM micrographs of interface of enamel (E) and composite resin (R) treated with Contax for normal application time (20 s) and two times of application time (40 s).

Close adaptation was seen between enamel and resin in both groups, CO group (A) and CO-2 group (B)(× 4,500).

Table 1

Classification by kinds of self-etching primer adhesive systems and composites

Table 2

Composition and pH of self-etching primer adhesives

Table 3

Application time of primer in each group

-2 mean two times of application time than normal primer application time

REFERENCES

1. Inoue S, Vargas MA, Abe Y, Yoshida Y, Lambrechts P, Varherle G, Sano H, Van Meerbeek B. Microtensile bond strength of eleven contemporary adhesives to enamel. Am J Dent. 2003;16: 329-334.PubMed
2. Van Meerbeek B, De Munck J, Matter D, Van Landuyt K, Lambrechts P. Microtensile bond strength of an etch & rinse and self-etch adhesive to enamel and dentin as a function of surface treatment. Oper Dent. 2003;28: 647-660.PubMed
3. Van Meerbeek B, Peumans M, Gladys S, Braem M, Lambrechts P, Vanherle G. Three-year clinical effetiveness of four total-etch dentinal adhesive systems in cervical lesions. Quintessence Int. 1996;27: 775-784.PubMed
4. Kanemura N, Sano H, Tagami J. Tensile bond strength to and SEM evaluation of ground and intact enamel surfaces. J Dent. 1999;27: 523-530.Article PubMed
5. Toledano M, Osorio R, De Leonardi G, Rosales-Leal JI, Ceballos L, Cabrerizo-Vilchez MA. Influence of self-etching primer on the resin adhesion to enamel and dentin. Am J Dent. 2001;14: 205-210.PubMed
6. Kiremitci A, Yalcin F, Gokalp S. Bonding to enamel and dentin using self-etching adhesive systems. Quintessence Int. 2004;35: 367-370.PubMed
7. Vargas M, Cobb D, Denchy G. Interfacial micromorphology and shear bond strength of single-bottle primer/adhesives. Dent Mater. 1997;13: 316-324.Article PubMed
8. Hipolito VD, de Goes MF, de Oliveira Carriho MR, Chan DCN, Daronch M, Sinhoreti MAC. SEM evaluation of contemporary self-etching primers applied to ground and unground enamel. J Adhes Dent. 2005;7: 203-211.PubMed
9. Shimada Y, Senawongse P, Harnirattisai C, Burrow MF, Nakaoki Y, Tagami J. Bond strength of two adhesive systems to primary and permanent enamel. Oper Dent. 2002;27: 403-409.PubMed
10. Hannig M, Reinhardt KJ, Bott B. Self-etching primer vs phosphoric acid: an alternative concept for composite-to-enamel bonding. Oper Dent. 1999;24: 172-180.PubMed
11. Van Meerbeek B, De Munck J, Inoue S, Yoshida S, Peumans M, Lambrechts P, Vanherle G. Adhesives and cements to promote preservation dentistry. Oper Dent suppl. 2001;6: 119-144.
12. Daronch M, de Goes FM, Grande RHM, Chan DCN. Antibacterial and conventional self-etching primer system: Morphological evaluation of intact primary enamel. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2003;27: 251-256.PubMed
13. Nakabayashi N, Pashley DH. Hybridization of dental hard tissue. 1998;Tokyo: Quintessense Publishing Co.; 39-44.
14. Yoshida Y, Nagakane K, Fukuda R, Nakayama Y, Okazaki M, Shintani H, Inoue S, Tagawa Y, Suzuki K, De Munck J, Van Meerbeek B. Comparative study on adhesive performance of functional monomers. J Dent Res. 2004;83: 454-458.Article PubMed PDF
15. Perdigao J, Lopes L, Lambrechts P, Leitao J, Van Meerbeek B. Effects of a self-etching primer on enamel shear bond strengths and SEM morphology. Am J Dent. 1997;10: 141-146.PubMed
16. Toledano M, Osorio R, De Leonardi G, Rosales-Leal JI, Ceballos L, Cabrerizo-Vilchez MA. Influence of self-etching primer on the resin adhesion to enamel and dentin. Am J Dent. 2001;14: 205-210.PubMed
17. Ikeda T, Uno S, Tanaka T, Kawakami S, Komatsu H, Sano H. Relation of enamel prism orientation to microtensile bond strength. Am J Dent. 2002;15: 109-113.PubMed
18. Kerby RE, Knobloch LA, Clelland N, Lilley H, Seghi R. Microtensile bond strengths of one-step and self-etching adheisve systems. Oper Dent. 2005;30: 195-200.PubMed
19. Moura SK, Pelizza A, Bianco KD, de Goes MF, Loguercio AD, Reis A, Grande RH. Does the acidity of self-etching primers affect bond strength and surface morphology of enamel? J Adhes Dent. 2006;8: 75-83.PubMed
20. Senawongse P, Sattabanasuk V, Shimada Y, Otsuki M, Tagami J. Bond strength of current adhesive systems on intact and ground enamel. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2004;16: 107-115.Article PubMed
21. Torii Y, Itou K, Nishitani Y, Ishikawa K, Suzuki K. Effect of phosphoric acid etching to self-etching primer application on adhesion of resin composite to enamel and dentin. Am J Dent. 2002;15: 305-308.PubMed
22. Cehreli SB, Eminkahayagil N. Effect of active pretreatment of self-etching primers on the ultramorphology of intact primary and permanent tooth enamel. J Dent Child (Chic). 2006;73: 86-90.PubMed
23. Miyazaki M, Hinoura K, Honjo G, Onose H. Effect of self-etching primer application method on enamel bond strength. Am J Dent. 2002;15: 412-416.PubMed
24. Yoshiyama M, Sano H, Ebisu S, Tagami J, Ciucchi B, Carvalho RM, Jonson MH, Pashley DH. Regional strengths of bonding agents to cervical sclerotic root dentin. J Dent Res. 1996;75: 1404-1413.Article PubMed PDF
25. Lopes GC, Marson FC, Vieira LCC, de Andrada MAC, Baratieri LN. Composite bond strength to enamel with self-etching primers. Oper Dent. 2004;29: 424-429.PubMed
26. Finger WJ, Tani C. Effect of application modes on bonding performance of self-etching adhesives. Am J Dent. 2005;18: 41-44.PubMed
27. Yamada T, Sugizaki J. Basic properties and clinical application of the Clearfil SE Bond. 2000;Processing of the international Kuraray Symposium. Osaka: 1-6.
28. Van Meerbeek B, Vargas M, Inoue S, Yoshida Y, Perdigao J, Lambrechts P, Vanherle G. Microscopy investigations. Techniques, results, limitations. Am J Dent. 2000;13: 3D-18D.PubMed
29. Hotta K, Mogi M, Miura F, Nakabayashi N. Effects of 4-MET on bond strength and penetration monomers into enamel. Dent Mater. 1992;8: 173-175.PubMed
30. Yoshida Y, Van Meerbeek B, Nakayama Y, Snauwaert J, Hellemans L, Lambrechts P, Vanherle G, Wakasa K. Evidence of chemical bonding at biomaterial-hard tissue interfaces. J Dent Res. 2000;79: 709-714.Article PubMed PDF
31. Ferrari M, Mannocci F, Vichi A, Davidson CL. Effect of two etching timers on the sealing ability Clearfil Liner Bond 2 Class V restorations. Am J Dent. 1997;10: 66-70.PubMed
32. Tay FR, Pashley DH. Aggressiveness of contemporary self-etch adhesives. I: Depth of penetration beyond dentin smear layers. Dent Mater. 2001;17: 296-308.PubMed
33. Tay FR, Pashley DH, King NM, Carvalho RM, Tsai J, Lai SCN, Marquezini L. Aggressiveness of self-etch adhesives on unground enamel. Oper Dent. 2004;29: 309-316.PubMed

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Effect of the application time of self-etching primers on the bonding of enamel

J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2008;33(3):224-234. Published online May 31, 2008

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2008.33.3.224

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Figure

Effect of the application time of self-etching primers on the bonding of enamel

Figure 1 Microshear bond test of specimen.

Figure 2 SEM micrographs of interface of enamel (E) and composite resin (R) treated with Tyrian SPE for normal application time (20 s) and two times of application time (40 s). Close adaptation was seen between enamel and resin in both groups, TY group (A) and TY-2 group (B)(× 4,500).

Figure 3 SEM micrographs of interface of enamel (E) and composite resin (R) treated with Contax for normal application time (20 s) and two times of application time (40 s). Close adaptation was seen between enamel and resin in both groups, CO group (A) and CO-2 group (B)(× 4,500).

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Effect of the application time of self-etching primers on the bonding of enamel

Table 1

Classification by kinds of self-etching primer adhesive systems and composites

Table 2

Composition and pH of self-etching primer adhesives

Table 3

Application time of primer in each group

-2 mean two times of application time than normal primer application time

Table 1 Classification by kinds of self-etching primer adhesive systems and composites

Table 2 Composition and pH of self-etching primer adhesives

Table 3 Application time of primer in each group

-2 mean two times of application time than normal primer application time