Effect of canal tapering in teeth of various apical size & cross-sectional configuration on microleakage

Jung-Hee Kim; Kyung-Ha Lee; Se-Joon Lee; Mi-Kyung Yu; Kwang-Won Lee

doi:10.5395/JKACD.2005.30.2.095

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Original Article Effect of canal tapering in teeth of various apical size & cross-sectional configuration on microleakage: Jung-Hee Kim, Kyung-Ha Lee, Se-Joon Lee, Mi-Kyung Yu, Kwang-Won Lee; 2005;30(2):-101.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2005.30.2.095
Published online: March 31, 2005

Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Korea.

Corresponding author: Kwang-Won Lee. Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, 634-18, Geumam-dong, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, Korea, 561-712. Tel: 82-63-250-2119, Fax: 82-63-250-2129, endo@chonbuk.ac.kr

• Received: August 24, 2004 • Revised: January 7, 2005 • Accepted: February 15, 2005

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Abstract
REFERENCES

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the microleakage of teeth according to root canal preparation with & without apical enlargement in various size of apical foramen. 60 extracted one canal roots were cross-cutted at 5 mm from root apex and divided into two groups according to their apical foramen size of large (L) and small (S). Each group was subdivided into two groups accordance with their cross-sectional configuration at 5 mm from apex, round (R) and ovoid (O); SR Group, SO Group, LR Group, LO Group. Each group was shaped in .02 taper by Quantec series Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) rotary file, obturated by lateral condensation method. Leakage was measured using a fluid transport model under 40 cmH₂O pressure. After the leakage test, blocks which had showed the leakage retreated with .04 taper and .06 taper and evaluated the degree of fluid filtration in each group. The data was analysed statistically using chi-square test and fisher's exact test.

The results obtained were as follows:

1. Significant difference in leakage was found in groups which had different apical foramen size in .02 taper instrumentation (p < 0.05), but not in .04 taper instrumentation (p > 0.05).

2. The difference in microleakage according to the shape of canal was not evident at 5 mm from apex (p > 0.05).

3. There was correlation between .02 taper instrumentation and .04 taper instrumentation in LR group , LO group (p < 0.05).
Keywords: Fluid filtration; Apical size; Cross sectional configuration; Taper

Figure 1

Cross-sectional configuration at 5 mm from root apex (A : long diameter, B : short diameter)

Figure 2

Schematic diagram of fluid filtration method

Figure 3

Difference of leakage in groups which had .02 taper insrumentation (^*p < 0.05)

Figure 4

Difference in leakage of each group between .02 taper and .04 taper (^*p < 0.05)

Table 1

Classification of apical size and canal shape

Table 2

Rate of leakage in experimental groups

^*frequency number / total number

REFERENCES

1. Walton R, Torabinejad M. Principles and practice of endodontics. 1996;2nd ed. philadelphia: WB Saunder; 201-233.
2. Grossman L. Endodontic practice. 1985;10th ed. philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 207.
3. Guldener P, Langeland K. Endodoncia. Diagnosticoy tratamiento. 1995;1a ed. Mexico: Editorial Cuellar; 177.
4. Cohen S, Burns R. Passway of the pulp. 1994;6th ed. St. Louis: CV Mosby; 179-218.
5. Ingle J, Bakland L. Endodontics. 1994;4th ed. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 92-227.
6. Mauger MJ, Schindler WG, Walker WA. An evaluation of canal morphology at different levels of root resection in mandibular incisors. J Endod. 1998;24: 607-609.Article PubMed
7. Weine FS. Endodontic Therapy. 1996;5th ed. Mosby; 435-436.
8. Lim SS. Clinical Endodontics. 1999;2nd ed. School of Dentistry, Seoul National University: Uichihaksa; 131.
9. Schilder H. Cleaning & shaping the root canal. Dent Clin North Am. 1974;18: 269.PubMed
10. Lussi A, Messerli L, Hotz P, Grosrey J. A new non-instrumental technique for cleaning and filling root canal. Int Endod J. 1995;28: 1-6.PubMed
11. Lussi A, Imwinkelried S, Hotz P, Grosrey J. Long-term obturation quality using noninstrumentation thechnology. J Endod. 2000;26: 491-493.PubMed
12. Buchanan LS. The standardized-taper root canal preparation-part 2. Int Endod J. 2001;34: 63-71.PubMed
13. De Moor R, Hommez G. The importance of apical and coronal leakage in the success or failure of endodontic treatment. Rev Belge Med Dent (1984). 2000;55: 334-344.PubMed
14. Saunders WP, Saunders EM. Coronal leakage as a cause of failure in root canal therapy: a review. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1994;10: 105-108.Article PubMed
15. Wu MK, Wesselink PR. Endodontic leakage studies reconsidered. part 1. Methodology, application and relevance. Int Endod J. 1993;26: 37-43.PubMed
16. Torabinejad M, Ung B, Kettering JD. In vitrobacterial penetration of coronally unsealed endodontically treated teeth. J Endod. 1990;16: 566-569.Article PubMed
17. Ingle JI, Beveridge EE, Glick DH, Weighman JA, Abourass M. Mordern endodontic therapy. The Washington study. Int Endod Philadelphia. 1985;27-49.
18. Mccomb D, Smith DC. A preliminary scanning electron microscopic study of root canal after endodontic procedures. J Endod. 1975;1: 238-242.PubMed
19. Safavi KE, Nichols FG. Effect of calcium hydroxide on bacterial lipopolysacchalide. J Endod. 1993;19: 76-78.PubMed
20. Love RM. Enterococcus faecalis-a mechanism for its role in endodontic faliure. Int Endod J. 2001;34: 339-405.
21. Love RM. The effect of tissue molecules on bacterial invasion of dentine. Oral Microbiol Immunol. 2002;17: 32-37.Article PubMed PDF
22. Wu MK, Wesselink PR. A primary observation on the preparation and obturation in oval canals. Int Endod J. 2001;34: 137-141.PubMed
23. Nagy CD. The effect of root canal morphology on canal shape following instrumentation using dfferent techniques. Int Endod J. 1997;30: 133-140.Article PubMed
24. Kerekes K, Tronstad L. Morphomeric observation on root canals of human anterior teeth. J Endod. 1977;3: 24-29.PubMed
25. Kerekes K, Tronstad L. Morphomeric observation on root canals of human anterior teeth. J Endod. 1977;3: 24-29.PubMed
26. Kerekes K, Tronstad L. Morphomeric observation on root canals of human molar. J Endod. 1977;3: 114-118.PubMed
27. Pashley DH, Andringa HJ, Derkson GD, Derkson ME, aKalathoor SR. Resional variability in the permeability of human dentine. Arch Oral Biol. 1987;32: 519-523.PubMed
28. Outhwaite WC, Livingston MJ, Pashley DH. Effects of changes in surface area, thickness, temperature and post-extration time on human dentine permeability. Arch Oral Biol. 1976;21: 599-603.PubMed
29. Derkson GD, Pashley DH, Derkson ME. A new in vitro method. J Prosthet Dent. 1986;56: 435-440.PubMed
30. Wu MK, Wesselink PR. Fluid transport and dye penetration along root canal fillings. Int Endod J. 1994;27: 233-238.Article PubMed
31. Wu MK, Wesselink PR, Moorer WR. Fluid transport and bacterial penetration along root canal fillings. Int Endod J. 1993;26: 203-208.Article PubMed
32. Pommel L, Camps J. Effect of Pressure and Mesurement time on the fluid filtratiom method in endodontics. J Endod. 2001;27: 256-258.PubMed
33. Sabala CL, Biggs JT. A standard predetermined endodontic preparation concept. Compendium. 1991;12: 656-660.PubMed
34. Allison CA, Weber CR, Walton RE. The influence of the method of canal preparation on the quality of the apical and coronal obturation. J Endod. 1979;5: 298.PubMed
35. Wu MK, Barkis D, Roris A, Wesselink PR. Does the first file to bind correspond to the diameter of the apical region? Int Endod J. 2002;35: 264-267.PubMed
36. Coldero LG, Mchugh S, Saunders WP. Reduction in intracanal bacteria during root canal preparation with and without apical enlarement. Int Endod J. 2002;35: 437-446.PubMed

Tables & Figures

Figure 1

Cross-sectional configuration at 5 mm from root apex (A : long diameter, B : short diameter)

Figure 2

Schematic diagram of fluid filtration method

Figure 3

Difference of leakage in groups which had .02 taper insrumentation (^*p < 0.05)

Figure 4

Difference in leakage of each group between .02 taper and .04 taper (^*p < 0.05)

Table 1

Classification of apical size and canal shape

Table 2

Rate of leakage in experimental groups

^*frequency number / total number

REFERENCES

1. Walton R, Torabinejad M. Principles and practice of endodontics. 1996;2nd ed. philadelphia: WB Saunder; 201-233.
2. Grossman L. Endodontic practice. 1985;10th ed. philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 207.
3. Guldener P, Langeland K. Endodoncia. Diagnosticoy tratamiento. 1995;1a ed. Mexico: Editorial Cuellar; 177.
4. Cohen S, Burns R. Passway of the pulp. 1994;6th ed. St. Louis: CV Mosby; 179-218.
5. Ingle J, Bakland L. Endodontics. 1994;4th ed. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 92-227.
6. Mauger MJ, Schindler WG, Walker WA. An evaluation of canal morphology at different levels of root resection in mandibular incisors. J Endod. 1998;24: 607-609.Article PubMed
7. Weine FS. Endodontic Therapy. 1996;5th ed. Mosby; 435-436.
8. Lim SS. Clinical Endodontics. 1999;2nd ed. School of Dentistry, Seoul National University: Uichihaksa; 131.
9. Schilder H. Cleaning & shaping the root canal. Dent Clin North Am. 1974;18: 269.PubMed
10. Lussi A, Messerli L, Hotz P, Grosrey J. A new non-instrumental technique for cleaning and filling root canal. Int Endod J. 1995;28: 1-6.PubMed
11. Lussi A, Imwinkelried S, Hotz P, Grosrey J. Long-term obturation quality using noninstrumentation thechnology. J Endod. 2000;26: 491-493.PubMed
12. Buchanan LS. The standardized-taper root canal preparation-part 2. Int Endod J. 2001;34: 63-71.PubMed
13. De Moor R, Hommez G. The importance of apical and coronal leakage in the success or failure of endodontic treatment. Rev Belge Med Dent (1984). 2000;55: 334-344.PubMed
14. Saunders WP, Saunders EM. Coronal leakage as a cause of failure in root canal therapy: a review. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1994;10: 105-108.Article PubMed
15. Wu MK, Wesselink PR. Endodontic leakage studies reconsidered. part 1. Methodology, application and relevance. Int Endod J. 1993;26: 37-43.PubMed
16. Torabinejad M, Ung B, Kettering JD. In vitrobacterial penetration of coronally unsealed endodontically treated teeth. J Endod. 1990;16: 566-569.Article PubMed
17. Ingle JI, Beveridge EE, Glick DH, Weighman JA, Abourass M. Mordern endodontic therapy. The Washington study. Int Endod Philadelphia. 1985;27-49.
18. Mccomb D, Smith DC. A preliminary scanning electron microscopic study of root canal after endodontic procedures. J Endod. 1975;1: 238-242.PubMed
19. Safavi KE, Nichols FG. Effect of calcium hydroxide on bacterial lipopolysacchalide. J Endod. 1993;19: 76-78.PubMed
20. Love RM. Enterococcus faecalis-a mechanism for its role in endodontic faliure. Int Endod J. 2001;34: 339-405.
21. Love RM. The effect of tissue molecules on bacterial invasion of dentine. Oral Microbiol Immunol. 2002;17: 32-37.Article PubMed PDF
22. Wu MK, Wesselink PR. A primary observation on the preparation and obturation in oval canals. Int Endod J. 2001;34: 137-141.PubMed
23. Nagy CD. The effect of root canal morphology on canal shape following instrumentation using dfferent techniques. Int Endod J. 1997;30: 133-140.Article PubMed
24. Kerekes K, Tronstad L. Morphomeric observation on root canals of human anterior teeth. J Endod. 1977;3: 24-29.PubMed
25. Kerekes K, Tronstad L. Morphomeric observation on root canals of human anterior teeth. J Endod. 1977;3: 24-29.PubMed
26. Kerekes K, Tronstad L. Morphomeric observation on root canals of human molar. J Endod. 1977;3: 114-118.PubMed
27. Pashley DH, Andringa HJ, Derkson GD, Derkson ME, aKalathoor SR. Resional variability in the permeability of human dentine. Arch Oral Biol. 1987;32: 519-523.PubMed
28. Outhwaite WC, Livingston MJ, Pashley DH. Effects of changes in surface area, thickness, temperature and post-extration time on human dentine permeability. Arch Oral Biol. 1976;21: 599-603.PubMed
29. Derkson GD, Pashley DH, Derkson ME. A new in vitro method. J Prosthet Dent. 1986;56: 435-440.PubMed
30. Wu MK, Wesselink PR. Fluid transport and dye penetration along root canal fillings. Int Endod J. 1994;27: 233-238.Article PubMed
31. Wu MK, Wesselink PR, Moorer WR. Fluid transport and bacterial penetration along root canal fillings. Int Endod J. 1993;26: 203-208.Article PubMed
32. Pommel L, Camps J. Effect of Pressure and Mesurement time on the fluid filtratiom method in endodontics. J Endod. 2001;27: 256-258.PubMed
33. Sabala CL, Biggs JT. A standard predetermined endodontic preparation concept. Compendium. 1991;12: 656-660.PubMed
34. Allison CA, Weber CR, Walton RE. The influence of the method of canal preparation on the quality of the apical and coronal obturation. J Endod. 1979;5: 298.PubMed
35. Wu MK, Barkis D, Roris A, Wesselink PR. Does the first file to bind correspond to the diameter of the apical region? Int Endod J. 2002;35: 264-267.PubMed
36. Coldero LG, Mchugh S, Saunders WP. Reduction in intracanal bacteria during root canal preparation with and without apical enlarement. Int Endod J. 2002;35: 437-446.PubMed

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Effect of canal tapering in teeth of various apical size & cross-sectional configuration on microleakage

J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2005;30(2):95-101. Published online March 31, 2005

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2005.30.2.095

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Figure

Effect of canal tapering in teeth of various apical size & cross-sectional configuration on microleakage

Figure 1 Cross-sectional configuration at 5 mm from root apex (A : long diameter, B : short diameter)

Figure 2 Schematic diagram of fluid filtration method

Figure 3 Difference of leakage in groups which had .02 taper insrumentation (*p < 0.05)

Figure 4 Difference in leakage of each group between .02 taper and .04 taper (*p < 0.05)

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Effect of canal tapering in teeth of various apical size & cross-sectional configuration on microleakage

Table 1

Classification of apical size and canal shape

Table 2

Rate of leakage in experimental groups

^*frequency number / total number

Table 1 Classification of apical size and canal shape

Table 2 Rate of leakage in experimental groups

^*frequency number / total number