Skip Navigation
Skip to contents

Restor Dent Endod : Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics

OPEN ACCESS

Articles

Page Path
HOME > Restor Dent Endod > Volume 30(4); 2005 > Article
Original Article A study on the hemolytic properties of Prevotella nigrescens
Ju-Seok Kwak1, Hoon-Sang Jang1, Seok-Woo Jang1, Su-Jong Lee1, Yong-Wook Yu2, Kyung-San Min1
2005;30(4):-343.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2005.30.4.335
Published online: July 30, 2005

1Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Korea.

2Department of Oral Biochemistry, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Korea.JFIFddDuckydqhttp://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/ Adobed     ! 1AQa"q 2#w8B36v7XRr$9bCt%u&Ws'(xy4T5fH  !1AQaq"2B Rbr#u67Ѳ3sTt5v8Sc$4ĂCÔ%UӅFV ?_Aנj- H>>,m*>fzp"TrKkr^r.|_&]|*vPuܶvoQ1mwVJUhu-I"=LniAƕ8"۲ k*ҿ[yu:.vUQ+)%F DHyVBk>Hy8jݹ q~9D4KRmzQ)^ʔ.J%k_tVi5NTjg!'ky|5asOȻ)R۸ߩFMԿ3L4j6dڜ#NIwUF]JqB/(FafJRzq3\G՛ ?~\ 6)6W4m[O^L0E&rRMض*C .]Unl-1 1r#Rj/&QɈ׉˩s6Rj=5Tg.y.·Pӡ:JJS:C8-2u]d&vUz;7p9 5VnL֢"y)">iי(IDDd| Yj0; LRfS:ktYK%*N2^m|&dğth":ey)uPQZW)gcC3Pv&MMWd&Ŵ۲mvTRoժM03*F3Yd6\8,\hݻ kߔi<k NTwSԪmljj[>->ptU%'LR>&EBH$MQAUx[$Z6vi&_a.KIQ{hyƒ j"JOC9eFҝfj;˚Ω<[3_m% lQ@4g=5$(J]Yc-OMq<Ǎ wSzڗ)k$7VIP붾ͯnV+卵*t]iЎD31~SA1éC2u)ʼnQn-Uoi3:grI8ؓWm*G zܕ)ZקJ}Y YlGeJ6cB2I NS3Q>k=KTBT]W6+SOXQgGR? telˊ%-Re\hѯ2TF"C/OJΩ6r[N.0{SpljjX1“jOsӥ;ҭhe}xu`Ք&.)yO̒ Fߑ.$Qw;9Iw2o+RVJMSOj[SoҌZ%;`d$blQ{Ro{Imڌ>3egf\O֝Uzx"䢸g+mv%Gʆ:|V[N'&ס-ޝ'kfE|K,G&˳98Juin/\\Qݿ̋v~Ǩ!rtWU d|E߫R4d}.qPw*Ӭv5YEcn~f5c%MTMkb-F>5JT,})QHg%{("ӔȸWMsYyWNRrkkJr0XドnͫT}r-jj,Ŕʍ\Q2Ri>v$5!]"JB2WɅ)]VԜUc8i|.jeRO6^V.¸ Q&#|ܶ-*uOG%JAtRZRr]FFG\۩w+?'zչSѧt jz>KW&ot{7P&2D;&\\>Q2JzܗAKSfeNn[jRrԕf6,q,F1tRfԗ>vֶևj-&R'Zi2=xv~Elbsvm8=ӛ"ū񕜈BȩlWau[]ٷBߨF~J!|Ipr3R̴#Yp)={7:G{+:\W}n|Q#%)7^-h"Ƒq:M*%J&$T軨I333׎g_- ucBwwjp[6i25$̏bU’ٱRv?G\~#Iͪb7<<}Ezt" q_Inw,7-d,G÷%T* Wg1"䥱kq/A.,_KhqŒxwvo u2ۥۧ.bQ}XκA$֣ +K״ZUNmڸII{.v{5z5ѮRme[moyƾd~cRݾK'j.\i&/S6f|b=5: p!6i_ 4j6=.si˧eƾtS^c.Y^RJVS-Vi3,esi08?H$GvZgg?gi䤟2adw릿:"۪lkSN>q-4kI܋ێe̊qۅgDoѨ9; #T.Q;7#~_Ufstb_'w~Xw1Xk,vcOt._}v}8"(4Z\ۘgk?J?bm_c!g{HZV]Fkk%~gEt)b秴vΰB|꽸}mp~E6ݹv;7P٤v+ri*3Ԣ|'O14_~7nP{7ZU\Vű[ +7󖱅o#:ǥŬ\|3r%TJX]V7ez¨Y]lc|O3V! R zbJ'PnGqVJ"19WVeOF埜EaEJωqCN5Z g-9[S<$sUK5b|7sn\7x qmv##FF\ w[=-43$^ooVSiXօv7iB۴yg>]Vf"r$J3""32!Zh[K%7GvNLs+4nB/B{vlsobJaҺJR:0g%&zR\ S3T[&ִor*ⷳc3ʊO[iozW٨%$gn:ܶWwFBԹjHP&z u&F2\f;ipW73 [; '_̽b;vib!oec dC-tS__$Xs]l9&z$2/N>%'[}b{h/{`{Ji׉׏ YJB/X%}.|+{(S:qz]4_Kѵo`^tY_4S#* ^zvݾMr+TrkQ g.8Ͽ^i>ӈǙvix>$o( ^qt*&t1oJVu-ql5U6jCЉmĻ*"?JT=K'O/|=Vo}l0b}}f?X[?/\JSBe,kP8ETJ==?.p5ފgbU9}ǶdNKk—_$8̸͓ۍ8Di\BԿ-1v{FF]|.^ۅ{vl12׏z7-R7wE?\nh\jN/Kձr_oBw"N QMBZqe-m:ӨSn6j4%!hQ;sv'm4kcM=!8\m[M4{SMliۇ%eֽR&N:{2A8)THLK3Zj[jPBx#BگMf:G1\`edcʮ?|w(-̮vXt,bW2;.ιNHRR#YwTM"<;mk\.foIDjmlJ;vxy7o7i\,KQŊ9d^Mmgc L*.T6tLeIuOH3SJQ3=F/ʿ<9\JM6mN6=<{xkP!F1QR[I$6ُimXu2An2yԒMU q f[IB-'䤯jYm52&JG\zд\~vdg QtHGXw&1Lw+nDEdC1w|YJmvP)HZ>i0BPβә?R:QO["]I_Jʏۍ>QKyu^bycBq4lXF~l [\*N>-J6,Gq(Zr5h]CwYӤU~ʶߑ u*SIv%ZfJ7)! FS*s_\|IŸZ)J ]ܜi4"z[+Z,MOZ))}|Ʀ(RUNIII.S'ˍO~˨rn}M)xxӕ0 eyҵ7YMAB]ӣU:/ѭ*6bcwP͵ "+qēVjŹO|GtY4V j[mLV M -m>",B$ GD1~j6O4|LxnNmqATNR3ε|DŽa[fmn-ڭ+FiK7Pcm;r5 l8r{#-]'nrFh2ruycb;pW=njRqRJ(d mnpckNnʹ+6]tz~E=ʕ l ZZ5jSi3#47.Lcfe`9؏v囜.F\-UZ:*0_<Νu9Lӵm&)_3\^ҹ3"1n1v_|uRʞͫr'iȧN_kH׺8xXrj=\МH)V\ˬ.Xʸ oVRC}ySU9/OBY먌5 ٿwޞ)rw8Ӫi5*5ZΗcGƱ !ZۄlmpjJ -l <R̵/JAպZuq\IdUS 48wXJJtcg4cI~aqߓwŷrm-v)G7yS^7H^-\mŌAq|"m9IBnF㏉9[N+mmy/!KKۉ%n +BdddfFF6FQRN-U5;Sv'm4kcM=Mn)\qιqUd9F%",6MGdT%-+~ f%+y֛^3SrF>6lc(֪vۊN;g._0Sѧ]ETWرkQKzGe9ʨsKA"yC y2\[5 rԭ7Gk5Mzw_4sM3hxЊ'oÍ5jsub )ͪ~tR2H]R͍>̋m6=%(˿(Wrr-܅y5(ܔJ޺YunW̹븹NsqK ]/QR#"ZMDfD|43Qw|._ԡSqTZBg??O Ϥ)/E_U|i}2 9Z?¹0:x'3,whǣ?C y-A~=daJј&M?D1_PS+Oi&;a @;Dž7[ zZC"bv:jjMQk$M RԸ3uA\=wI.AwC"^.{?-\NSiˏ"b}T/}q/ o.1M}R%:-ZniʒL$SgrBW*,Mw'N\ɇ{s\j]VryG'8f`}'N<*/`U숻z CwHq18J+vԕKss4R53/&XTt1bZƟo\=%nO)h$rBi-nKĪ^ ջڜlwkYm[̑+/QrZo%TQ;TLs($2C:s.%+eoNttq۰kK7O0m_t_pZ1SsSM7"mevFZ[w -FJ*T*jФQRg BSu|]g:ɵzjqwmltL.e3sRMچkSmjkmWœިm++¦'tILk*բQ D,PB\lI[9{%Gb R6öۍmX-MaʉA931cs..G4CujQտ[9 }G-xwl)IQz j Ó"rqe&=]꾧֎c)<kӳ+0JrRR3'TnXi^xMF Bު*tIL.[h"2"nKzZe'ZV/RrNYz]8죝n]Ķܩ>^Ժ]u-7^\mZjܣ9+Rmn ߑv?oꋘ?&ƪy^N4o=3-ؔ̿*`}V݁ ƒPu8%$ ݗ]wt;\y\>='OjPIp/nJU8{϶FNMsf"ίNqƹ(+ ݮF2Km |jܴZs%zf*eȫ?]4)I۵nR&FX + [jDh(#哑9q9Eծj8noǕZf\J-l&Z˫}`ӎhyrΉn\űn]9pʌӣ"׮Wt?N4_I_~54#/my1Xr*척aS#DT >q ssΛW;3oUaJSRMDgQnt:Ql,/ ܷfRqiM Ȼ>Cob;A>ڦWقM9X~/!'MW.}Vrߔꔵ!5|iB(0-zF=}okڢE$^wW~nokY߮\6՜̌{i-AF*9)\t9IV6۸5ZUF6R$ŨQIq砳YUZ]eyv >hI櫥N )&l JulwE1GDOuFN2| }馥uC1rޫV+^gdb&W[4<^e4YW,d|htͮsUM)۸8:{3d{AѢ)~ \#J=NdƮꮓ90 |1K$v*?мS ]i$J,C,SG?/_՜pMSƯM|mG1V1$~K>CSvkuj=&) -,yLjuFHK{c駗.SOua;BrSqj-ۍZ#'Jys7[g2z/.u4+XV2VQ.ޕ)$"(%)#Z7suZ%j }BǬݕe)Jvz8zJf:hIN|svO1O#IEcۍjݽ:SdὮvu^@:o^5cs>i/VqmVm]ؔܢn6'vޑ̗J4Wn@OlKbX ;n:hgJ9ŻyǑz8f܌q&Y fN0N;[69 rbׅC2/#kE l&2~èMR.*%g=Ft.%؝e8<.e=Uv{~㻏"EˑnvDѭ͜Lu3u0:U֝$[M5<:oi+V4V9 6nXvx&_ q Qqw3W:uϔ2yb/(ɳ|5zQiJ#r|Hw#.W?4aDŲ\ugWG;Cw鐢K|xg)##=O.dF˟jMUvWĻsr.z]kPc9"]R)mkfOd*uYf١RsB Aîh=k]ʳUrrZsq`d#r$/Ը3o^&lRWȍyuW̦Y4QDUMJ65ƒ[+ygk XK_±k#y:8(TJOSQhJt2.DR}"5[) r)6V6u5k:eXZmv𭤔!푊Q[qQ}ҹLE- 8qIZG|UM4j}Mܕ[Vwm{} Naqµ"ԈM zOpKѰ?IAD3Ir0'/q1itoB5{%wkOBn-ۜduqIzYK60{+DʕܞqIt";r1mG/\/ym[6JƫR \L=S=OT@Ix[TMm{>ݾտ֒ݸӉLYIx>+"JVNzx||5rI?C{oz8۹e\R-^\A2F R+N9 vlT]"ۭ d)t֞i #E2jB@׵=#/N+!ĕhx}I!cM`ąZ*ŻɄҒ߮Y.Z}='/oۙ3IpW̮hT7cTSuz9>B}΄&h!>lӵn~j˅IvU.'v'CSZw8QK3G> ,J59ٷ+HSg䧎hJdzvwv-cvxS5[̊n~ؿ%ַX?O0\6ne 6kn9.ϯ} *h 8_QhLݣ7q +=XBҲ5?[[)+F`=4 }B,sNg==u*Nj9k_GJ)+R~GSPBȒZ:(K]heL=vKPӢwq(NrG^ثϣ?#tC?.ͼ[ۅo؞y#%ǛjVyLSw%T*s92JTM%"YkQО.q)gCͲn8cgi6j1MѾ[{9h^vƘǚםidfi.^RHmg&rׇz:}݃}xT$ضk'5s-狶,\vpbPD،=Okf.c#cdz2FK5T!&)|ntD<+OŹU i-G[EE*FDfeaf2QƤM\UG_{ǹm%\yrGy:.\4wjPGUJޕUV7Do\7Vy_13w;[?c]H\$IJ,*L]3b%L{y.JRKG2sq,B6T}(#nW|km+q5] r㪍bJ@y{byz,b踊3ϻJ,'^xd،)JVw#.Vټc''ÝպWtbRؒJz۠8!o9IۄS95E9ؔ-e9JR{dmnッ<[~n${~Њ$W?&ՐY_? #a.ߑv?oꋘ?&ơ|y^N4o=3t=~7!/M3>n8W홎2M`Qx+ z qy8%]7_~540ۦ彷]Wq CѡwkďyF5Dum_}~P(5.(X,K9vᯐ?leB9;Jhm#3{CxGE-S{;@Fz˙]=O'!ɿ]' r`:7'2bЖ>Iy,/eTy/V<.H?UYY{\^#ѣr9^7?xoRȆ7EoS_&??zϾM?(~Q-K&>"~aߨ t7Emsϛ+?;fCr)fY+>z$tIkjn_>vnrֳki-˹l= t;'EyC¥|/BLwBJdgjۛ$s S1|ɍV%JI6KvəhzIlBYɒ|0"Sy0F>eo5W)O+X˻u';v)2vVq۳kۮws?UʑBǴYO漪e2MIjPAک\b1)DDؚKm6ZWΨgȕ۶yjڳ 2ضN[C[|r@9Jfo<_eI7q.|cÊV߷:i.:$ȋ)1%%)ADZCEBxJ0MJۥy(bNsKM9k43IwNt.\%N簤I'.j|ƃ2$grBEٌ\}9:v*!n7M(ɽ]7c@XxƱԨ37īf62cTTfFK]9wntQHͮvٱI/f|j=7}\_V5U^+:uljSȃY(XI.ȱmo1甅jڎIZ2>#\*:gY|4k\8ZwSqtyA!+];бޞKծË¥e)#5ap.QK^8VdU{*ѽL\=qmjnB5>{ Ӟ`v±5 ^k&O~Oshɷ,;6nOW>u6{RqS`)S%jp\ipdEBLfTWy$GIYw~䲭J.1vSY5z.V>^+Ǎvc.I[R{QsNR3ӎfhd>y?UJ*}~[e\i5U^͛E]G_FS(Iɿ]i8:4zj~շsW,ˆsy:%O}iur]iF5~3M:Ӟ#N06)4ߧgdawIotiz:1r5YDZLHBSi;NQc44la=Y kQIT*ըl:tq2(է9VO4뒳܂~2rq'nrVZŦ[t7\oլfb/mlpc.I8콚q^1iE~䰳mi[dۧw֤ICfdFeCsg:i| 6擣׋* 96lust^{%99UNRvaMܽo ammi$em4D6DD\nA%$$#}۷/ݕr99JMն[oT޲E"KTaP+HGkŴj5TM5xƱOS-k`ۛkٝWz;{kS}F;~q|~^_|euwnE'pSupUP)V]vE+t =ZRaVdG6= *.ϼnj9:UɷbېmF_tޫgHjVS'śǕًdkkѻ_]Kv?nT>)^e=Ar1'3ԔILyD?:-^in):{7.؂\.:V }#뺾.3r̸*xbFM aȵz 6SQ:ײj[ 8nn iFMw rR"5M5I旘35f^j='j:nNW.ʭocZvZKV^ɚJ.cM1ZI7E'6rg탸5oZ=[m Z`\hbMUR١Ȗĉ):Jin!_7Dй+f̷eKҷvͨBPR(V`y6tw*MRΝcB.ڭTnc;P$8nFvm4(D(R#R-L -2:FP lxZKQc6I("Km%$E, 78uXIFA$RQI$JbInG]c[ֹ:ZM+n^')JmJMJRu{e)7jQDw~%yQl}BZujSSf۩QZ+Dzhd5o%BIc'GZ?}΍:>Ɵivז-%݌J5MqGWTVʦh݇ܟ~Օ_6 n'{3~mϬj'J11OȻn߃r Qr\3y٘+WӍ'WxEs^O3 o~[|7>]]H9݇ZomT@]?5B:Z߂'`V_+/MSKX߆ޠk3?o7y:4R/7þ] iG߬aBRU&?r&/} cQߥGj2?C5Yśe7hU=?+ x龳f-܈czW^7p%-(\D4h{UK&ӡn^m]Fݢ:`δvj俜F+) y[{{ 7 tu>gvrěOj'5 iRg[ͶFjGe n~qT$ci ۚ0oԹc*jL[sVWqj\ݻ&6"WoK:cnWmrv)o>66(F>=W^bf#c zzʞtپy%mՉPël e}J.\Zk4ttt>oEM=q)hJjI=ͥ(%]脼_88ф;͛gWG;Cw~˘$4=uWdĜTثNDkiQL9U*O"4XP`02,Ge-k5$h>ܼ]3vr6!9RQPIVSnM(ۓ{>;/Qͱv{3&-[rc)ܚI$n{Sv3[j00)-D3z}MRzVQпj,T[uVs0\}Sid;r(ݝJ>æʺL&c[jPK0~d(FKÝW\m]GTcF|Iׁ)I3~#oX%vҦEݑؼ5Żv2qAZTE^..M{ʐfȏ2##.R}*KʛZz^ӞN*lPťLf\G6[WVQquV]XAi)5J!,$iJ6o$tPZc;Kjx_n3`qIelV~vLy{fn匋Ѿn%;zV.n'-ұdd2߽1bZksPe3TI9)$ԩIN9Vơ\=2885N\ p)/a柛w9g_lױo8ݷ iixJV& ғRi{N^_oAŮE6Y7I$Nk$|Q)-*4Z)^¸%4Qm [I%.c-OV+C֧R#%ѨCe3i;w$G+_dy| Fzj$DI(=OA gj%v/]8qԯNIS*֩',Q%\44ZZ%D|Ǧʴ6&vֵI$%8(ԬƾS&#Z. }6z?b/|Jl{ץv&mpx4Z$”ڝ4-H%dGKfM:sKSRWeJAn]>s6应-W9'H]'uȫYvgK^\czp|My\鏩w/ËQ.)]\QiS`8uL뚛̸=J"ܻi\å'-)54Ue]:K\퓡vK xwBqrH\*֕TnzC.mT=t-H]SČ~Nu╏NÅ3f|͡G~B+Xm[Q7U{9"~jgK Zoʰ7"qJ,ekSeNGgϳ] ^.6:s}_,%eRg<5⿨z{ZPun#jRІ.6g T.!]xa c#jN$Zpl̋H WZu8WmMRýsĮ?Mco~sx TU҆Q :KDG4n42.<3/'^?6/ܠڒ^yrrÿr2\D}}B]^E~^T cɛ7϶Y[<֞[7d}2%QPqOLEQR\CIsj1?\}%tJ0e~ *sk"*)&ۓEi#{1J8Hrt|'ܝRr8)=ƔN'RVz:cf]F7bZyZUȘ4x8,#JG̒?.W9XnO]KO]%]ƻ O5Γ/3qÓj؍/r̺rƵ 5\&m6h.xoeX[=<3%< lZ"2h\Z[&jW3ejm?k&[]ųj+{N{66leu_+lj]q* 7g*knأYv= q ەdxЬZ|%GUrQ3jLŒqET]1% qkXYūYc[7Ś]QY\jko\</Lc7+'hMSUc6qXyؙ~6#ѯv.0$BQi5YyIhɍiy=KD!n3Vm[V%W-B%swa97ajۗ m+9~]fKq|Ddaˑ0A]_v޺mM5* F-BYHJ5}q>ʉ.6hyDmpD׬'-_v5;5[8K[viJ.3dR:oYHHh9I7:۽fi+wm^ [)odPѱ52CZUJicSw\&_s0uBȍh32džzQflcd^m|7GѹE!fO5]]H9݇ZomT@]?5B:Z߂'`V_+/MSKX߆ޠk3?o7y:4R/7þ] iG߬aBRU&?r&/} cQߥGj2?C5Yśe7hU=?+ x龳f-܈czW^7p%5|Y:SJE\U-(a_cƣUǽXXKiȞNlmۊڭڄR!**ܤMeȽ$|X5(Ź\rJ~ܮ]>'HB0cp XFr_c?f?7<ukSgov¥iG>>䙗i.+t+bOjIܶ . i^:nm}s}(3>NZ$2Qg([".>i.ƾ)B̋M8+"- >eE6DݥJnJˣt׻ 5.˅nJGwZD~!i۶a,Db3ZQ3O#KO5/֍ozuK'GbRi᝘NV_ҝcvם ZoX}F6z 7e5_e:ۓj=AB+iܔERadMBq*ԯ DwI/Gy*mĥiRKg6skY/#SN4e$-yXM YL?^ĸNNӪ{$r1JJRSLO]Aqm>V/s[~i/j+m>z}eI"Qvp]{ZԼ:{vPAG2=T͡@ڐ#u"E*>C;o$~C#_d/HBq^YRٽzIKbOm\~żjFFGdiQ(*/i*#.FF]©m=BmpQQQSP&Ҫ!T&^>:y)$ˑÐFčI Bӡ-t!bM WҦŶ'UZ=}zvn~oT/\ǒ'nr8 AJIӆz<^uߖ4eFC1i+v!3qNyߕni?4JZlmYFXFۼO0B\m[ tʄU3s"Sr(NJ;SKW72L4̏BVdf^Ҹj\]ȱ۪(ӷm?J-KEmWڽ^4<8qu%9pŹW~877ܾeVгS(յe^C]yX͹! םm4FGȋ\y'Z FX7e)|Gjt߹#gb\ŧq_([R8[qU$Z (ʻezV2V!iQ,i$JE˂٩ a(GK'O{vnBvryRd-RK4=qxZJMl_CuuIz @Rt㮽޳!|68\-l[џ84-2Pu" RJ_^OL>G1~XnBŬw6J0*Uvlږ1N G1q9IUm*'oWu][&UyYZbBZRZNfEJf"+2nF~Eû7n1xv.RUM$6 lAxSQJ&n5ܞwlEói"#>4׿Q.nEq7Oko[1wg8ZQwZYiqtm&~">Bo?w͡ni2峋NCEy Ҕ+%ZJ ʩq*fpˤl,~^Mχk1+:ݕ z&Y`KLӪУDr3[*Z :(SL&ݻ۬Vqsyԭs x|iI߽zZrg.:mp%6ԜvgmpIUt;QbS.Է) ǨKSV,*lڌ|5Jt3#NP.=+OZ~/G سIgbꥹJnl_DUM\iM!֔wVZuԺ,yV.Q>f v:݇WiaŸN5Ҕ[M7SsrvǣrMW= \8ZW-jsnڕ.ZnF2qt ً[ٻޘY۷Zm"Jxr&NAfA-݌to9s359݆mZ+N1-qS$D=17 x׵+%_ ve4ir6Z$FDڗnFtOr'7'{9C˨ꤡaYoace{Refnft RR"4%ʌm:Sj3)OdInTO>X'vxV#jܮw9Fog;5.~Y5\~18YQܹvj4+~t7S ﬕs %^۵ڴDZV69R^Y+rj$ԇoJKR5wB9C>Y:l+EǎS{ʲ{T6Wi* ^^9k/y/Cs\g*qڵgn4T8mERr|Ti+iPe;;.i\EBEJ 丬i9ɧM-ԼsGDrZ>r#R>~X9y4b棇9JwV۔%m(b[Tjvl}۩~nDԺ{Zo-YuK1vx.nWuO+jN [ٮ0%"΢CdTJK-RަH"$I(*ve &҉FzB,_Vpqp9m8werv')E;o&QE׵^d9˦j\_,ڵugZȻ̧8k+jK{wmr@3ӭ2 wFkzFVqs1؛.v'I%$[iT]D5Dl2 nk7qUxԫLS+sا3/ΖeZYK<["%-g/kRs:f3;*E ت wJ%)5&+&rw*霣i|sMҴ|;R+fm䡩.!**dӶ-6s6,]zAXMWjmnz%SJߴm2UXw7MQ%<!tKys#P,W>s;3IYwx<+i_\\\U6 u7P|xbn_k&ӓVOe䦒 VUr,-㘘"-LZeOSҠթrEvq8Kf%5%&K"#%vD/.ZYYŏ+p$nZkvއuW9㓱Z G wYIFyf)?ƎUm5ԉ/'k84{KO:rQI}XRuԪ|*lu)3qZ[mSm5R3".Xcَ5c®ࢫI*۳~wRϿQWޝ(EJrri&ۥ^ʶ齲Im|[yb;mnm֩uiܘq>E+Ikx߄3r33-5𹻖09ϖ9[Tz~mr5NsWl$oPusޛ^{Z;);sڹf\3oٹZmԉ/'k84{NO:rQIBø8Bݱ3n֤DiK4u& ofSȒܩx<˘|N0Fչ]qsp"}! QWw@t4ӭ+cO5%]'*{eM߲DRO1y*q8w++e!c߶ܪlZWّM欼 CQ̼빶lX{vib/V/ ai;x6~]+z]MWB>re-:lgk}պ!#9?%܋V-c[z!W?c7YNm/jRr[HOzԻefճ0q15Zp#rkQQ0tU-AmڵP/cȕ?0cZYj;:0ZM=D6g ?'UN+ձ[K ܖB2'xq9{|۫N0ku 7xaj;n\ 2[VznMlWiKbSk))f..)Km)&bGZ=>OR܍W:j'rM'wYz&/鶧{Sʵb"vջq[I-ՌZH._x*BagC'T(Q:$ͳQcMCKy?3g'ߝqnT);qs #ؤZ}OOI:cfnc8W~qy.;^pVl]Hԓ>^H^@7-AA܃nmL(uWܻS߿ Td95Bdh4t6*dDh!EhI[iŨ\L.&Nc ܮf^;$R)\rip9I|ٺ?#R.ZDZ;/]nݻqs\QE9M&Bd ]N mN*D>tgbK>+ˏ.!23]BȔR1ɝ^j'k2ƮqBQq[$di]icV/e`޵B.FIIJqbi>Ӥ|p; 6${)RU>_e}^dzdfzi %ekRVUS?6'hׂ)5.\+qUgzE2C˷ecŏ^֔ibk shesFWJ#~> Wk~ݨ}ڶ>ơǚ)׽ZƉo~B-ڼrvoE:Ʃ3ۣK7+Y`WirS):{>ڛ}:wԨ(J_";6R%[u&ƫdZ_\'np| RJwNeTW,=rrbnkڄ[M3ܴz)3- R.?:okۼ0TU'w{6&w7j1z3ON'fGoO?)S_bQ_¿R(^ԴԴG.EtMڇ&RUiW uQjU> Kiu1d<ѥIQ'RQ1:O/lŗᏩiʂv&Jc{D5 Tt)1.n[n۶X}RjqnOʽ(~[Ns{ސ⛌uO,kgo֢dRNQȄ .'6W!׌P朼tdZjFGE"]K@'i۪N;sI[{SOzk>`rRR+!σj8&TjlvA̷Q?HyjyLHNտJMjܶT۽lG?SnKN%<‘ nq[N0Sq[Ta(&t(|HGO~gvkݻTR4&Z$#ViOY1r$6YF?e4U/Mvxų:zbU^gQQ+NW_'4jfz^c'#`rvrڡ(IJ/J ݦ6 ]-CW |_{v*_q3^DZ}Ic6Uڌ8p7{crZq5ki`)mU6|-Z5^iEz3P=:Cu7DF'k%}<C-޹ֲ̱#\,(f88%X-N(ck0VLR~} G"-8ӏ/ϰKq?(#nrVTmZ;zióM4 m |UT'C^_1X.gXM{%ʤd 4\ovN":"y-,T)fLQgۢr=/CƹǨJVr[a+!rT|%Y\ٱzsS>jͱ.oOc6f$q% ǒGo;n[];ߎjrk{~\VۓNIGn:iqxo |~t5)Rxעri{Vi&NUOl_ѮMfsޕkЄay.0P{7N((BaIP$ K"U6Gl ݙqJRu+qN$ m#*p<|{:>-Ev=86N*MM긭U*uѾ?/^o7;'u,h4݌xښRM:5.(/ \իU.{F^rmF-Jɷ.>Q"[4xT^OZ~mK}T0ݛ^SAo9u?lX(' qj%=X}"^e4wˠ|rܫ 6I\Ķ;Ӻw!'ڍWg{ i U_9Avhۣƾ+:vs/MK[ɭīe{`Zgb}r[i'GE2J7Nez579wRq+Un ]J.cJ4M:h箽Wxxm^ pc\wcN%'My $$| :$Fqɏ¾^қP9J6Wxvu}ݵP>Z'FFdg"-; [¢cmWkÎT8nG%ݣ7*\խCLRYZͤiD&J#'ehbSyXK|y*ӞpS̍R`[pTr/Eg)K+92{_ n3zwz'oŸۤ+sOj J:`T>Cf*lwd\fYOP"R E֢̔L4ɥ :;.b(B02rJ蠟9>V'9M%)IqnhP<%,r'P/vNSwr#w"ݨaqc(|{kd=^0jTMR2ULNz|.<|^PfY22##!,K~E BEJۜ&jRNsHަޛg\r,v؜.jK3)[EJ2ii{KEiHP^&]Gn8x=K}Wx/KI9-ϵwQ%spܾ[^R}S3$qvq8M[ ozKxcqmJ/ӿ{_}7&ݨ\f6ZSyQz& 7ۉ[8~UNn|nkiTB+4RI8'Nc%tn{!]Ȋo.nEmʱn𵵥J A+wy#+ikǒڂ;՛s85'KmE:Ђu""Iģ5p=БbTY-ͽڔ詻ngL2Q}$de# fs^o{DUUsfwӶ;s1T,ǤtޒQ\෼J=.tKU,7čJ5 N$y3kdSMQU~mO[03 $zAڟsF5^뜞"Կ QHmrR"ӳηer+ҔZ]hE-6Jmt'ޒ=O[sQj)6K}?e4v_KfZheޓ=BV[bY}lݒTTЬ{ȫvO_qpRApVŗ 6ju=*BR)g "O1yhb=tqJ gtm\b3RY+JQ^Ō֍\յ\>+uSi{=x ^w;uӘ#ĸzLn*$anok߷CBӷ}5Yqvdž<( "_OWit5:EZj2 B ρ1̊fi[n!HQF82q1牙nqnEpT(2RMoM4ϳOu ':֧_Xjsg jP^(ڙ{2%E͖j^}ZU[Q$'U) <܂%!s"m R'G5M0<+zM6qYm$ڕ$3ǧH]?o2N<8F1̻r_my[Rf59NjpzBnl7*{.QP 3N&^BLJPjAHCK2Q}$#~YMq8 k(MFMU)8MEqTy+Tʞ-ar5yܕOXw!e;q-Jqܶ䓊Y:LC UE{/t>r"lI9)3KJjϤA 6SEE$d߇3KG*En|P\ԭTn6I-ƍKTj<1H_zwGr19wF N8ݝ+a9ɫM6mhePi%mmD! """"""*1bRKrD"vnrM۫mmĽm]ӡiG~e"˩ lhRTMk^MX["Jݱk7_ޕ*DqĒ&flՒ}`W}~SմZ{ĕ~wm*/{{ѹ_-0ط#P]xlڱ~Tn5wi*lڪ (JxioϏbqKYR|!|KN53 OS222$jzww%i}>N)E+rۥ7c$Ofl/LNث\6H9: FY󡈾I)fB֔JI_ ֣^: 9mY{66㒢7Uj]:.-os[R&gMF3˸#໹kmjq^8W"PΦURjʄWa˧T!͋ lW48JB2ko+ /Nw QwQzQ ے%$ޓ7^YL|r7!v%Trܥ &|M8~ybrn[RV gSn{{*#2#ԽᢏӴHak" ӌcwҜw&RJ07ױ>Ļ =^ BɆ)v32.M1=#6%̠tҤnzqMwԣ~s*%-j|_m*.Yx9Sz=)qE4 3pk+,`=kNRڥ=B=nŔNAx)Q$ԩȧ4z3t#Z2lҮYn$S%y- JzGpu|LBV7ZW#;Wwipܷ%(6jFG5#{$D"uۭ~]֫SrD܃fҎӾ+Tu>-ZTQ& N|$沸ii>eRWݳu'[O̻j8JۻEѩ[]vni= ڒ,[_%kC7I3Nv$4ɎЈeٸoUu:[}Do5|zNq=Tre%ɧ6&~DȍF]ƞG5q m]/w/ \ʲr8=oʔe9U(W"|S]uZd#?Se[W"ֿh][-7Nu:T=)R}.;ml*5Dlf $fF(̏T hiIUU4Szɕ t(%_|2 ~6eM;TƗK[f&]LK^CE2[ȏBOd;Mi|cx,^6;sیGpQ\NuJIFTJ~đArh* B"$H쉩eXPRj?sl"ԥ)su]xpԴY%VESH"ЋJǰ K&5^Ukzׄ8kEgS2h&Se\ Yl]WҶp-ZUvi7QS:4byqOo+[̺腋[6-_Fo.6[7$p&^ _GZԸߍkc.qqoI[9m߸YxOZЦ1uoiSH)P9Uʄjcq= S>֙NeR><;+ڌk%_qT].srNO?s[=vH[]RZHRMtᩗVؾ:/~u)ԍdg%=edVrISb{6vSu=(ܥ)mTv/J}̇8 S3ad:^hBSf؉OɔLhI_1d8,L><_A0y3rXq"'(۱;mFNII.v5_(^q~X>y{3צ I*Vܛv/jW' T'NR'j%ꔩ:mJ3SB}΋!-H-RJBТQoedi9tjENenPpke.%4]#{:>mkEɱdYWl\\\'nRM4&U>?Ќˉk÷!𴪛]]5}UqG~ݏI"O~s6(Ļ)qO~h}uԕd}Q~G,oE!&G&/]_H-O=o{k\̭bkv.Ô܈+;arZx)m?M\3lU$mk-CFXjTv6u' g:Vn_*qk:VC A%'4JV%EY)#BғO4<e׿jQQ]yUr4=wm[K1r׵%Iũ-O}|kC;/VcݩWZ)EHdžTru]8hgĵ-;=>U_ InvTm_jBM+QiF"9*{DI/iuo(=TzϖmPQl_v4z>T*ȴ>YF;ε\t]EH4ꌇ[VrLzef 2T^V>g2~kg5~Nק;{~Z~W}&ŒBӿS2$J?~(Yœ"˲ߩ\O]: J׉ښT{mmIѩn3˧)4LdFZ/zUG>U> n 5& ϴ-KJi2o]uKljvK3$bԔҚV旧iY5.ίfi96v7!v))FJM4{jG~Jt/lUE%pTAFe4qQk\ve۽/u/Im+W')v{\-E|Pms7߮DZRr۞/mu*1ՙaB܆ -xg3#6ۥtRogʌU)׎]ZҞNnŞr}F1Nnޞ;cZ{N}ۿMiuxʉ*3qi'9KHQ$WJxXyرŔe~[v5~/jN9Q4o6rJv FrdxM*iRjMzUinHdн7ᾞS=S'7 } ̽zt7K|_g J=Lq+/Bw_\ۧx\HJUPzQ<hqF[V0x==CsU7q|^ {)Iq38$_A(VgcKu06Ƅ"%i~_ˉk QCܣB8Ku/񋇵u([w}$F|8TՠI.E !;RJ^}MɒD_q2];Ɖ{5}*n7nEInO{Mwv}&q+v [V}Ĝ@%>#dXQ$f;iep.GquixVt x6bj͵mlKقQ[T]zs/&yەnM'W}!Fp_d^Tu N{ɻ'l{խ2.sTu{W^H&;1s)Pӛ6>$mě;Łnj= fLT)>׸+qReɴ[UR\L*P/!$Ӊ3Q 'K=m~6XqW3^W+ųO_[F$rR*u"T%@O +%# ]˽!aܽz{ͷvQh쩎]hGތ5ɇ*DzJDRNLi 4:{~2FmXY-zzĽ^f=]uū{/+&c:Ma{ĝDp2m܍kHș/(--m_vݮK(V{R}.k&yƴ7i^4@3f sK3^Ř˸B=]?gt5KbZB<e;kQLpxuWC}n 5ҴepB##~q= `x]KWF {GfŲ}?G.I9pjWkU]>={7q{kO/^I3==f1ɏ%nnʫ/Zu_yXN<57ۍ'vy/"8넭M2eԷ&Y,в33%IkjMr7xf nmQkX4踼>a-GcIeތw&U=-:qnW)z¥j :WqSZvԒ#j"KrIU)%qrmRoDGQ~SYRsu*V)  ,/x)MFD6O#]z 96[Ui(JRfw'y$GeUީkdMF-ݻ98F2d[o{Rn0n-xsV6Dh|Eb2E:KCOӪv4SJCr"J!!m,hRLD| ZYFm/X~ΧfrN&4Ƒ=Z9Mh.Mܵw/BdrܥniŪ8ɧ|y%œ[M=_tj?F!z5\evM:\ ~F-sg钬OWq“iiȍ<Gi%%n2rqͻllƑ)okw7}\Uk-:&fj솘XerV9yZuʼşdFC=rmo%~ZN78X(N)_7.Εn1MpJ}62jjJdI";R5&iLԸc:jmqiQj$ujp\{;v5B񥍪Xn Ą4qOERjzN(Ga٠䌡)p*v(J7#ZۻZ8O W uONb+^Qipv9GvֽƼϯrYƖKGJQDNPhRJjᡧC"21"9ѓS1;R_O7/WGz)8fE%F2ukmvSov/iZ&/]~KmI[:^~ͤ\kMi稜\ywJt3W7 8Ʒ~ݥeFgѼw"8VVSج\뻆}ݭ/J6Q)d|)zU3>k\L=;ow֯gN3pKѫ|wmkZ$z^2R:E)f>ς нd|#׆?\ǔpV{;\$ƵE%-ͪm0S6[n< kE[}mvE4DDZ^$OZ0*$~XUv҅B@^?]so#%ojw;Y#SxxueBگy v^i-)s)zV jC{7Gt.w3v,ygg8s]aE_,*E tY5k٨h=o"m泏:\6w噓aiL׎n^c\75AGkЯ0Lf46َ`egZ˓p/k;̛]kq!ݸzpԭG"}R9Ve>ˏHUjJ-&7nrnwG*Xv\˱/vN}O)ʼn&CV͍f̵]r\PMB-6Du-#RͰtRN^)mT _}nSȕC*_xBuTkJW[`ɩ`ejvsngP ڻ.-WUtܑqԹQj)t;vN&RNũT+8%IXӃ5fK՛-d9 ]CƑm|nZ-6=Hz,*aEm W3VzRšdY~Xf׀Xx"]s;)5u*ُHB BRGS6bݶؿ 9j[1*jױga7oX CUI%0v#~\-O-Ꙛuɷ쏪&5mY٦M`LJ2qK~HZbr =N'YobI. (^ ׾{_ ?OJ`S`3BN[}5w6:ǵ/iSlt=4F*d&T4y/#. ɵim5Uֲf 眕6Y7 fơ=3dϕq뚩$qTM-%r!$@A? ޾V0c~{[{;򥧅a~ڵ»&ڄv1ek=wb MLkNAԬw-x>~/r=e73VeVN)K%Sښe"+3uXuچrn ֺVzscJ峻m}vb㶓n\YbIUBT%*,0nov=;z꣓S/nSXSpl##k9mXGrZv^Gde!ŷRԠzQyjC]`gToPov{j~KRBMY}i[߶9KL2ԉO0K#m>wB[ٍ+n[[b٦DX ݲpo] [\m5qdT()mo4Oy9Ie b][wղmM~vmi۱~t \}$яimRk(L c Cvk7r9_r1 ;zv|F@KyZ[&jEji/"6$69ml#e]9s\{ScL}Ȣؿ0q/nZ*t,CLoD߉Njǚy=Pgmu6^]l-["çUʖMlʍp-"qmU>۷uFOJ%Ǔkx 'g=睋k[3u,{³WɘݪF]ՍeFX"Oy\,cچ=w/gn Ļ]#2? vqy-gXnR.^}ݺFs{ŝG]}e|#0mjx"ƬWكm?rgU^xVB":Dt>@LRbun~ݭ,w+v⪕;\U(RYa61>#Jm˞Μ9g9XKaG='u8gf}'qy#ɉw J]We.ʲ-<+&q%s?2dњztҼn`cΤmmqMdz O[-ߩӲ&;[tmܝVnr">{x<8U+p:Ig]zjGkt,uzf}dؠoJaکqEq -(:d<պ=eKy[˗^%ZXkX[C2߱\ITTLGzANM￵i]K>UsOGDDD.ZF6* ҃V Zhz{'xp^`wo8r0h ZmJ5"jb[l=yUu7-;7IT%:jFjߖm0tzU'K)څNۧYJ)4IQ}^KWm7kSP>q;ނ#)'n7&׊r?óM{IwR\j2Qn[v pe#/tAF\ϵ225q֒om6z})6҅*oqDsMf CNIN=T S2t,_ѧ}kveMF0J\Rnnݙܹy[rUc-j{yGtkQ%s]5qB.Nw.JN1LvR Ui5J ZESQԙr):MJ+g}χ!2;q([jAud][ljVK3$ײSJI=/|&tl'*n۽f.frܥ jQO8>&Z];.|7T/C}$ڋUmP2Reҭ8hFF\L 3~e v\۫]ݝNmrnB%*]Z«hKc=BTLG :V74$=Ǘy+EX'4tn(I:Ѝ;Df8c,k1%dJ6.j6ź{N~l6&*fœI7 WAlGOu-ҢH,,(ǔe뿋쩨kM܍ZſgRvQ' 9)?n|er˭|I|-fGK.rΛp8XV1%K6mvG+tc+qE&ǸC_Nm:l=_/m5^[dߌڇ.c<%:)tQ$Ow~-aY;UJ>=F)2[nk؆?훐M=l6[4(O.]2#-H^n#->&mp5~Fӛ+|| S,xag%qkEUzUgæBhߕP(7]kFnq?֖CpruZ6*rEڊtS|*tI*E}7R<,nUU֫^I7Q*mSly%rdȓd8hE<9oHhMfNSRj[i7D[Rj݊+kდq{"$$H?p\̅S?㭻;t~R߁)^/>Qj`yt[w ԛ;²~+ߔ_ YW~|o]?x^ᯛ `ʼn;g)T@vWn]>&4lp+$D̢1l|ȨF%-}.9[}w~ ԠLM9hСablfe&QoW!s?wjLK?s7yO>(=C~_nyǜu?v3vyo oI@qV-jeES^[9WoSܝh"l2C1a͔CiJ@3:Pճw=/7ovuk+\V;lDgն<[A+rX~d;m!_s8ݖ׷;;.0llUC+?i#_crʙ1~C.\–q ul8Hܶ2m`ܻM3Tov|Bs rɵ"oLS- DКw=Tv@f'6|YlD͓Y%׵-#Ѯo%:&!3o%\J<02;K87>^vgƓ# ;ݝmz^Y6=PS39U%~ &f# }o!muH;ʲŇ˷yvP+&.7e[3'vR4Yj̗IZ`e˽3o[WU{ m[sUbۋZǾۆl6~9'V*.\S2<Sd*zY[aŶ`]C$n.v^Ʌ dng>ەZ,Mmϑ :n6nϦezWqUJ4! ۇ4R! =>>Fn|Q[{pRO17ƕ~._I''00k=b՛o}Osðc2'o\3}ݭQ^2 . R1yKȣtAݿ-uܾw!`?1Whn|gzUo[ECWwjUIן)^h#1ɭ!/Z np;o;ΗŻkXs."6E`Z1 עӐ9Kl8qd q} 2Stt;#j>;խabONŗ=fwP1j)l6J̶|gV2`y/0E˛6+ԫ1? 6}KW c\KoKͨ2ۅFw–s*TԞLיuDx .kCzWXhy۶gLu|%TnupǺl-S* PRaLnT+c+*xl.v!.U=|; !_L̎뱚U=4hm:ٯ"y)$:>%(n}X'p[ȴ ^˒4kƓmzDx \ 'NqamP7nyN݅=j7%McSڵj%STy qXymvCg{w/w=wSW5r̹u erծˊsOm=DhEҚRb#n)QOxtվQwe]I}wCa'"[ۂ-z}2UuKP$㜉ԧ:mc<Ý>RoL?wu|%ҷ&K y_!y9 ??:tq3(UU-lkS'ɸ@jdzQˬR] EVPW1DJq2n:,c|ǻ̑;y{X,ۂ.u.b˕u.tKBjQ"[S園S`ٮdNبeJ&9Ơ ~0a(Vm٘L+Jr*vڑE( x0+tp˕ n';wm-ޜMOxX>{#2%jgb2M[`K*\5@8l'e=0u+w ֘鳾{y܀:R*Ya]"Ӧ%ktynlۣ65,3gU}{GYrb;ge'TKwǘ.,rpܚV]Tr,!dp /ԺU,xՉ>s׽~W5oTh yx?xrrx?)?ilbT׬,z$Ԏ.UH٠\U1pU:]JwSrGZq8àd驐,N67QYBӢD㏙W!Q25ϸo9ms-7-%3CihO.J鯽-;MZM8ku-7k9S$8]q2E(}bۏI[DKOK}3KUB^u %Y,u.-&f#]'܆o$x`Yu,dzwM;#oKxn;\[d7}Rb+*Y䛂ZuBӱl{j0O̓}LhK;[aֶaGL{Cb#S.T[>߃F]NK"u^LUʐ_ykW?!GRj29͖qa'0[npcDvV)qz9R)PۨM^aJx W] r>];eN3vxdmĘ(5W2K1䪖weF{mE/QP6\u54x5[hۮ-Nk”i[lUgL]J}5 S:EhiUrgHl!ŒJ$pe=q^b͵Q' ?6|R\,JA ڵ"TDꈭ:ymg`B5t%M] <N_zv2_Ortٵ/i/ReӮ*7[qүqEG* m"[I:6e^p"I$jԴęh!m)]GZkcjS!{e^z}+Cѥ9;R|/ֱeiUԏCNu2Zhcٗg$ݭwvr P8*7/Lk~I'Km1+MW%Bk|oOm>-#qj*|Dbѱkn|n{v#jĮqNpMIUm(7Liz;{ҜݞڝVƚVϬ+sO!OstGvxӉ']uӎ4g_ 1^-8ۦ k!)Ύ5O;YSB#2Zzχ;<.ֵOtge~.(RC#wFZeGZٸ6FFJ4e2ˇpJT$[wgV)q6muDGJ56q\I!̗ y/I~RtJ9kJ]Iy*'FN0s.[l!fw'y(7$œ WƫgyΙdMEU JQJv̋vmrۖ.jWR_M֨djYgSj0^\y'EoECjm$ IƩK>Z28J2TiJ2N#}.s cArl嫶nB.FIJ.)۔\ZiM>/hLĸ=C1s[?YMqp|94- 鮝𦔽/k^#NT(Y LS$6˩}{;5 )B۷W$qpN)qqoot}ZDVә;7TiK|6f3h$dԄ}fqݡ>Nb򗉉+ͶO]>ߡ_VtYf79ڰիF sq~prս|QM)g%l0ocJȨHz V;Bb/kLAcfPJ,ԭ{ƍgpjNR6VSI*$!yV足jᇑ.](EܣqM\qJ2eZT).<9UB/(B0j)mtKEj#׿fDI-=rZړj|'Nڤ]k*i$5qt"ݙPM6E4ke^Z8ۏhz$Q(R Ay2zfRñnpnkbkI:=j &ΝșW?׵d{+ύM'??XqeeĽ.[o=UxFS=ӷdZwenՄ]_X=ĭVa* pKs0ބۍfJ3 gz̚i|wnxtjc¼5${(1fXQ65ȼb̶Zkn>%FQMJXӡ{TZEVNᖣimT/37cNJUPnP҂ZOE~"-Rc4^b- FEͧtf5[)S!OZIښݲ͑;tvܡ+N)AR=hCNn;wL16-:特7M$=Tҕ-.R[HٷnXk sn[ҞD-0WS9p9:-Ϸ-jѬNu{ҹfv)[Ľvwfg(ٷfe+0mYj8Q1\ݧg]Eǎvڿc!4#j5̋C2"}BRriFp7=ô\TZ:\BLfj#I22װ<;صZl j 6:l"6]۸ K'6RTѯ^ئOԓV\?$x7s#r:Oh{ց=MmuHԷd{pN /܅:UE#Yy+(SgQ(Щ)RHzw>^Ѿݻ>mK&^ '$Jۻ&w%F|xfz%˳ L~3N?Cy9 v w/{ƿ kz3x> sXv}vP"@WyC z`'톽Dw%-tt yVY\wmuPYQA0iG-2JP,6/gˢ]u.-n!Zw.N7Q]Df}Q0({a\@=i_X7gFǘ8^⻲}G MZ1)WEfO12G+=-B@z\`||w6ċj߬m}UwRox֢I &c~XGP6Qndpvܻul'V7^FJt^{b^B(L~sѣ6@߿^xqU!ڙ5|Vpvef-uӥ^3  FSDɯKD%0r}FF穛r7 +o"V8tv̖NQU!5uFd"bCr^bJ=֤fM#ʳԷP0O-9xRBm\=`r-:;~3Tl(nXtXi%2Vٛ#vwqƴ`L@"H‹qW.j,JM5B[)WܺUeZFqc'V˷1W7V̾-MHФwn8N;HPSdݷC7&2j.W\τGŎ'Vb]c.x+Rx1%C2T{myg[qU|+m:M:շ8҉yWd)ՋWS%%:iqlʹmGwݹ WnNŤѩ5(9hTٵDdGUi-)vSs2 2{OnT$Xck n:¶(lASLeȔBjμPpTb2~N2~%^k[ܗ[Jzs0ӓHBKq[}JَA-$dFQgjxxFv4r/x*Rm% `4J(&iv7SkԲmSH1YWmx 8n.k']:Z˭_W >ڃXЩ. jTq%Aā[E}amc]D:rmHRiu:uӚӢ\p(5-q%e)(۬ҖȽIf<߽pr&ݫVfY91q2ĭEQgYbTGQ&,yL+N$[q*RVۉQ=FuTܻ>f>f㋳8N6$܌n)9&»iˤsX,݅܍ȩv+sRTpO}d?Wn/Inpȸ%O]StQO|v5\}7Zwb.AIVK^:wb{[uݯcytO߶S<{8KSRׁH̏N7ۚ[xkwYy_'ZӵF+>쌛ZUĦreE9F[24De{}@:ExWs-\ǻ7K-\JNvEk%:s˙#κ].oͳ;լ7wB6nwu:$L; DkI#Wz.:Xp(˅v$Sq,wn\qIN-e<5Oe+vuYTpcojUI_ާP8 O 7&VL8z$_B-H-[uh]T{|8=qVRN-:Ij:7PUtXϷmy鉿:RIM~33ӸS2#׳GdŲ5+/Bx{(WzȨ5Y㞎#|˖+ ط.|e<o/rߔX>7s}VE.OVti׽ .5nNJO"95{#q}Ay9do]R"M6z\tnNS-D!@3N_jicWsy*5uٮRcWv/.,j}=S)j5C^> Ie =gu9ӛqjtz]۪TMoߧI!Ǧ¶m:,"[L!{qAv-o 3{"KʼnrIkfٶj2ƙ؄S`7` k6jzޞ?e5G&6uʷ2%ԒRKE*G\Npom F/V |C0.q_eenƣ<5Oh'67ɪn[SĽ{ڔjǘzs;~׌(ۂ`ܢ1ƣ` _l9Va6%UQWh~P~\F^ZHR@:ۧCJ{ôGeBh;~ۧnU J\O+n2 RҠ)ng}Kh{5+S×ܛ.1ZjG)iRȤIN 4%{oΜ/eO[Nffd ĹK?nnԼMqX'܌nZvq<ķbFnͪaQ`5 s,M_լ?-@_{w{ӺձJ}GF[%v\5[ŒGkOw/ΜM9rjË%2+rd~+󲕛C9U۳r[aJǭm|˒LAʨSCq[XMۺoubfp:t+ΤĻo ][ zt-*67kvS7D·MMCQXm;)܎n_h%]4ܙnRk!]ڵsDUF"`R, &#R_*[z*ZqFXɻ]7|۵w+'pFDەs=r./ᐚm3Hשy yD"jHCr':sA65نѮ^o1V/ f;nFr3VM)e*- s D'H݅fӧ\*޷[k<7u<-]֍Q8R h|p=WlW3s%Q %3l}@U-K6f-NϿu|ڴmWN׮[׸F*mW\%r! C78:޳vBG7ŵ.JթԚ2x)ST!řn~9 W:Wpܢ件{xf8ٳwKE ҰWxVB\qBZ 2wMb[lGSnyԚ~z9ZmያvoN2Afnݽjf>)j3 !;gOYʹK" Wftڎ+׭b*2ϻK>ۢӱeyԪXISUm[z+ugX%0lϏnvg!;t{BqPj>PyvR7Cj]O%+ݲ :qiMj6W}3vC/R=4Som]ŗ=ю, TF6U_-\6MyskwMr&Q\wjKܩyMϣUj0*}RZܷSdY3>Zjqj6TgzpA/M`/Cmл,޻feE[/+uk^Vs1W$G(JsW2ٰu*߻q*Y޵.Wi:ur5T),=0uRmho.twܖiYwrWHntvEj8qhf`Ͻpf(R&>Ki%I7$QӖm-2 ~yߗQ-앑/ x[k8nw.c㩵k}]FkbJl:{.(˩n0Hqvαp7 귎.Gupx[N`Yq'+ruU7[ү+>!xrȫoSo]OC# d^Q]\>!ƛGw^Mx"-+%vdX-:M2UR%d>%l ioSu6lsj7D P>XxHz Ukà(n^Q V>5cVtWj SEiJdznyej[lE' 3kuٌNn4JW)gB {4 j6&]' m-(ZMEz8cz>WZ6#7+[,MR-Z!4ܓtCyE|umj1ƽvƷV\;%>Q :#Le(iVz5 4ũۤUWxX ^(ҔsլB2w-V ^R+; ˂M\z+Uwr+RWY⺧~ Q*JcYSNSλUd8in=v K낫k\IRרSUaCFmϿ5̗P|u ZTԕ}>oYѲ1sfP+sQkX8Gb~6r,s>^\,mGL+7[n-E\.Fqḕcl*Jmjb5 ,m]c}NXfeVlǸJ5eˡ$4%g~N p4Y*WwW٧<8v#;qԩTut,m"#Y D\5V`\\Lȋ];LȇiS6ϝZ l>LruR\v=ǘϔDg=ԈdFZ+M{=|,[;0>RiSi4,S5}yxw&(E7&fݙ4UՕ! ~'Id)]ǽu2K-fޭ \08Vڅ쓬=Vy^^ IhyKR-B#Ըr=]mܻӾ'*Umkoy rTqT_i,/8Q^<ݤ|4ԻO(܄"'5N~#m.(Ҿ2i6Uev&I*<}҄$eNtÛzyWJubW^iBW.܅Wڮg]irO6Ve90sgv.+sV޿aޔ[p?3q*FutUo*eL\KM'EG*ZcAFfG5J 5jj=MJ3OK:k˝'NMB7m3uFҕ\-Ywg%PRqMIyZGY9|μvn߻5cWݷa^+X֥vnݘ\v7m>Fgzv"-;Ew֝}1|RjN𿊀7g#֟*GQQ|#/bo]p$>_Un9гUbn9׃ErQBU-^vDmVh'<R[fdHT]*~}3j;nvjc7s-rӳ Y8[n[1pJx kX[Jk9Mn!_Nю6x:iZ˦U |߉^Ԛ݃hYxk &U^bwKk.[jE+P(˞=9j@snCv7%c_7=xǁ<l {t'酚+1F‹l׭:ݻILruǶkL-L(K0L1&>wXB(pm;1fpnlp֓%Skidkt(U +xulo'/ڕeN r=^pZZ:Pnj8Hf"48ijY[ N[yZٻ+=  ø:3 ?^ܷ^Sr#YK[UF?CuhC b]GM')mڏsNrܗI]ljq6VB. W,UK"YX5{c >Iqā> T:n!,5l2VzCl|+I[*SrjnS6٨y+x,@>П.g+!rn9>N|W>OZT_ut Y""v7|sfި;Pclm EùN,{'fNT%U&LfH8~1v>Il}统u6P˗c(WV~H^bMU.o*oOF0N:_:6Smr_.b+|ݶYY غF,mwjv>f*>QM뭱Sd:`N{l/⎱;n-z~"Gze퇎J5S KG9!Gn;N1 ݎ h6m|S?ɂ5'WOÞ 7|7^ao @mxGmi^jϽ>01Mf0լD3-2T. VXR"ɥV Kl J O7|u?bvа;6.eߓ|[1bmRr,eRz`z 6܎-ͨku͹Fː dPhYgZUj}nvX;z=gVեTv_J }\1n7w2J?ޘγc\E 1Aޑzq;\r]]\Y&[nsNei\uURje*Qk2CSl*xJz-xٶlm+|UjUؓ`Ladqiĩ!Gd\W~fz;Tn*PdRM&T4`չSWq5k훶(N"Ӎ% V]֦wb.nUO!u*J&Oӕ2e|Z=eV쫚΅g#+/RW:طnbi*Wyo)p{:ETKؚR(RY+r웓r(IF) VmȵNB:h Q1ғ|u8E]{,'$-TR[j49l*3"I鯴zhd>Q+\BkNF=.$ZR4Nwհ(IpNi.(Gi33#33e$FXK*NdWrud[r{xnk$v2ıh+J1TQ[#JQl[tRO]LHKٮ NӍnF񨔤֞Em'MILB"ԋ%dBŋ+p̿_17jzT~4pc Vo\ƹb9Rq-'1j;8ܗ)hE%DZKS<璸Bu*%*Yw5ڻ9ۣ^z4U; Ñk\U(o~G?VUĎ:?P?_F_Kߤ~ᓾI |pr.Ok\SklRhҪz{­P .}SktZ7UQ4ڌIM8̈eaӊJZ%FFZu,KZvln廐SNFIVtuNi?CM5]+Ph,{jN JSR$IS^tSUVrORYu.9WyP6 [Kiu m!X|]Y79ӄ)\ģ)pbڳr%*&ꑶ_-H*dzk)1 V3')UAϹٶWRxe'պn۫h7AR9 EAJeGLms!%D| A 5]/Q3eb̄vnVn%za\m kZnv([emqrIҕij|""><hjJשvvǕ|Pޟs}V~2&Z?+2N&Z4w@)4iSڪ_>/JN9Hiۏuf8'It[ȲR.hZ$ȋ_Y ~U<UUO*6b)Ovzڜj\R̋.$FsQuҊj^נ䈈y<zZIuP[}Qm=C?zN(Exqu/kn S-FzKZzOסӽjJ\)F3b!r5ٝ|;6 o=-3*λ]αb\abqRi-w޵⦪~b8Kpo)Z=>)ғ"5/GTZLE-輵f7ݘ۹~+&+w/7GFI:l33fg.N~۲\2|*cnermnnM+Fq"ѪIz%j =YW8@~gc/~?N'?)«qȸs➟n=k" X“m֮VreMh2[uݖ] *FܖN)MȐ`f0 g,C9̑o;ddudJ=In13:ݒvvdMUEJLp^,6t-@͐9'{7m{-3,>hnF;ѰM)->>+Ěz!R* :`e--m7nB\u{b U>[8֪]6^ߤLʦ\DFNo$$dͶlgno8OrsQ\l̯hRo8tuNo+ CTxu!2[>ctFpeޓƻֶR"3QrQuOѳgwQr;S~)6HhZw/GgVTmUf_yt7%$];zLWF̰xy2Ʉu!MCmš_0[W6jf#a-KLi+3Q7c^qg%s<1aYIQeZf+}>;S6L0]Yu_h9߻<ƅpmiM$AVvŚ,*#t2.8Y)-Zhshü97/#Oro"u^/uFgWɺ,p:6a,^x%$Yve^3PƗMnTP&yS}OJ '덫MH^:rXԴJۋ/rI;S*,+yz1hv)Qw^ڍJ2oL׊q(\fDj:^T%vOadɂnS}ZO)N*λdaȜkG_PIEO}нa(^iQX᯦-7^)%g'SJx(.S9zVɴZ{E ))ۅi/s7 VIV-|sj0*UBTHIqRf>FP$KqN0 R̻8j\GcC}IUz\i 6F)Q{Gҧ3qSzKj-Az VЛS-zy:8*mNk|D鿓ND2u+0Yŝ7kqm·?8Ib]u>˗^_>(]vӋzv+ݩ){vZrJ2RQ몋C$z [,pp,8mڊbR]Il .f~d/ݓs㓓mͶ{mgjQwn=Oic9ܚm4Q/6ݨ[TƧ?nԶoytf{@AzT{e{[O'ZRZt~AGD?s3􌿂ՉIw'|~U\ w~di:Kޱ)U/sU%njѩ&GSP^ǝd)..!^U` 1wX[aԇSxoFV6_扐)T 2Mfd=ۖͭiZ7KK Bi9%7@<3<ճԻU,},a}FRqɛr i@ONJvK KLN M, ʖv0n-]DwlI-X6ܶ$Jʴh5O+mOI+Ra瞠\ MG7BفjYo1#͖0V`Ѱ2M?c8>-Crt*JkIGS:e#hPKx[鱼>{5m;wcն&>j-M֥^َ) 6yȜl_w{-ō̱r> U=]iw3)r*]:K]6BdCTZ|>gf}LW}[$'Y5 &c -j.z6R 67MԷFMnÌwI7w5E}o޽+K ֵy4܌ȥW"COyR[q5Ӱ͙f[v"_#q{MV6܍3"u9BK(41ӯqˇc${ߝCi6I(OmθzҜ5k^:>Jzw.>qV8{vU[ڶEm|DžBz].KHjI]x;Mɗ{m,qZXr忇2u^RO2Z}ZێS[2Jen!*NDcrBUً4<ǼMҲs1Zw57c3&ĖڻzmP*FuJG1-dN:|OU}ҵgi2t~F^^Z.VxjvŧnNNh<:]^~NN+ge^g.SԔGFe߯'[vn'(ScJ]kܗ7eJOlRrfziݮq̋S"\*U<*W]k$FջV}? 7g#֟*GQQ|#/bo]p$>_Un9;l S VvQU%OLU{οmU6bZ1MTx%!֙Q7, J=!3 ;Q,ڌ;6ͱ݅q^&ߔ·n #WbwӖX.HtG)N&d̵zpI,n cu ޖUj+VXUp[w]N o.J6Z8Ts&utxln;~HPHS/xw`G\ʡ¿rj Z^vt"[L:SD\h0sUwR,}[x^X,R2Vn< ]2YDr[SRKs8tXb̷G?Ps Tv 3be,zVz D[/I.KOEQrm'$7|[J>r S`5յwT#\w1FTz\Ԛ &"ׅhSHrD\'r]~/>p;:Piuu:"9ő=tTaS7V2rӷk7mb[^WmPp*[y.Þ6f]cizJCgRR@UVl큝.WJP1N{/\whZ ػϧӱE7|E֫Sί.x-Y&pi%v''-x6r'Ws*6=DwwUu]=C?MK [yrtܒG$!WGqJ*%SAz ED[^)/tė/g=#Omd.|^n/sl׉g DZqemqowݮRzUܜ=ڽ-o/Iۖ;qVʘgPp|mm;6zGl9.8pwWgsJ2qPbe}}UpNjٯ}7TMQKrؽtEx%v w߾8%|j;~|}pK]ơ/ w߾8%|j;~|}pK]ơ/ w&~e_H 8PL7:%ʭ5Kw&U2vwR_+rm'}C7#rWoO&HoG?M$UR7{FU]u ;# !Wk`|W>׹潇9Vn)6)*ҹ{%qV4q>W1vi#T"Qk&GwxcJBJ- Ϸ^ˁxkU}ԣ/3.;]J=<*)cS)ROK9H=,r zX @)cS)Da^ԽQ gxJI=w֣gf*TRj

Corresponding author: Kyung-San Min. Instructor, Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, 344-2 Shinyong-dong, Iksan, Cheonbuk, Korea, 570-749. Tel: 82-63-850-6930, Fax: 83-63-850-1932, mksdd@wonkwang.ac.kr
• Received: January 12, 2005   • Revised: February 18, 2005   • Accepted: February 21, 2005

Copyright © 2005 Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry

  • 687 Views
  • 0 Download
prev next
  • Hemolytic property is a specific feature of bacteria to obtain iron which is essential for its survival in host tissues. Therefore, it is thought to be one of several factors of virulence. The purpose of this study was to investigate the hemolytic properties of Prevotella nigrescens isolated from the teeth diagnosed as pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis under the presence of hemolysin inhibitors such as NaN3 and dithiothreitol, heat, various pH and cultural conditions.
    The results were as follows;
    1. Clinically isolated P. nigrescens strains and standard P. nigrscens ATCC 33563 showed hemolytic activity.
    2. P. nigrescens showed higher hemolytic activity against human erythrocytes than sheep or horse erythrocytes.
    3. NaN3 and dithiothreitol (DTT) reduced the hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens in a dose dependent manner (p < 0.05).
    4. Optimal pH for the maximum hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens was 4.0 and the hemolysin was stable under the 50℃, but the hemolytic activity was significantly decreased at 95℃.
    5. P. nigrescens cultured in 10% CO2 condition showed higher hemolytic activity than the bacteria cultured in the anaerobic condition.
  • 1. Paster BJ, Boches SK, Galvin JL, Ericson RE, Lau CN, Levanos VA, Sahasrabudhe A, Dewhirst FE. Bacterial diversity in human subgingival plaque. J Bacteriol. 2001;183: 3770-3783.ArticlePubMedPMCPDF
  • 2. Slots J, Kamma JJ. General health risk of periodontal disease. Int Dent J. 2001;51: 417-427.ArticlePubMed
  • 3. Loesche WJ. Role of anaerobic bacteria in periodontal disease. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol Suppl. 1991;154: 43-45.ArticlePubMedPDF
  • 4. Daly CG, Seymour GJ, Kieser JB. Bacterial endotoxin: a role in chronic inflammatory periodontal disease? J Oral Pathol. 1980;9: 1-15.ArticlePubMed
  • 5. Daly C, Fitzgerald GF, Davis R. Biotechnology of lactic acid bacteria with special reference to bacteriophage resistance. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 1996;70: 99-110.ArticlePubMedPDF
  • 6. Daly C, Mitchell D, Grossberg D, Highfield J, Stewart D. Bacteraemia caused by periodontal probing. Aust Dent J. 1997;42: 77-80.ArticlePubMed
  • 7. Shah HN, Gharbia SE. Biochemical and chemical studies on strains designated Prevotella intermedia and proposal of a new pigmented species, Prevotella nigrescens sp. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol. 1992;42: 542-546.ArticlePubMed
  • 8. Takahashi N, Yamada T. Glucose metabolism by Prevotella intermedia and Prevotella nigrescens. Oral Microbiol Immunol. 2000;15: 188-195.ArticlePubMedPDF
  • 9. Amano A, Kuboniwa M, Kataoka K, Tazaki K, Inoshita E, Nagata H, Tamagawa H, Shizukuishi S. Binding of hemoglobin by Porphyromonas gingivalis. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1995;134: 63-67.ArticlePubMed
  • 10. Chattopadhyay K, Bhattacharyya D, Banerjee KK. Vibrio cholerae hemolysin. Eur J Biochem. 2002;269: 4351.ArticlePubMedPDF
  • 11. Eberhard TH, Sledjeski DD, Boyle MD. Mouse skin passage of a Streptococcus pyogenes Tn917 mutant of sagA/pel restores virulence, beta-hemolysis and sagA/pel expression without altering the position or sequence of the transposon. BMC Microbiol. 2001;1: 33.ArticlePubMedPMCPDF
  • 12. Jurgens D, Ozel M, Takaisi-Kikuni NB. Production and characterization of Escherichia coli enterohemolysin and its effects on the structure of erythrocyte membranes. Cell Biol Int. 2002;26: 175-186.ArticlePubMed
  • 13. Hertle R, Hilger M, Weingardt-Kocher S, Walev I. Cytotoxic action of Serratia marcescens hemolysin on human epithelial cells. Infect Immun. 1999;67: 817-825.ArticlePubMedPMCPDF
  • 14. Ali-Vehmas T, Vikerpuur M, Pyorala S, Atroshi F. Characterization of hemolytic activity of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from bovine mastitic milk. Microbiol Res. 2001;155: 339-344.ArticlePubMed
  • 15. Byrd W, Hooke AM. Immunization with temperature-sensitive mutants of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae induces protective hemolysin-neutralizing antibodies in mice. Curr Microbiol. 1997;34: 149-154.ArticlePubMedPDF
  • 16. Chu L, Bramanti TE, Ebersole JL, Holt SC. Hemolytic activity in the periodontopathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis:kinetics of enzyme release and localization. Infect Immun. 1991;59: 1932-1940.ArticlePubMedPMCPDF
  • 17. Haque A, Sugimoto N, Horiguchi Y, Okabe T, Miyata T, Iwanaga S, Matsuda M. Production, purification, and characterization of botulinolysin, a thiol-activated hemolysin of Clostridium botulinum. Infect Immun. 1992;60: 71-78.ArticlePubMedPMCPDF
  • 18. Glomski IJ, Gedde MM, Tsang AW, Swanson JA, Portnoy DA. The Listeria monocytogenes hemolysin has an acidic pH optimum to compartmentalize activity and prevent damage to infected host cells. J Cell Biol. 2002;156: 1029-1038.ArticlePubMedPMCPDF
  • 19. Falkler WA Jr, Clayman EB, Shaefer DF. Haemolysis of human erythrocytes by the Fusobacterium nucleatum associated with periodontal disease. Arch Oral Biol. 1983;28: 735-739.ArticlePubMed
  • 20. Okamoto M, Maeda N, Kondo K, Leung KP. Hemolytic and hemagglutinating activities of Prevotella intermedia and Prevotella nigrescens. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1999;178: 299-304.ArticlePubMed
  • 21. Sayers NM, James JA, Drucker DB, Blinkhorn AS. Possible potentiation of toxins from Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, and Porphyromonas gingivalis by cotinin. J Periodontol. 1999;70: 1269-1275.PubMed
  • 22. Gharbia SE, Haapasalo M, Shah HN, Kotiranta A, Lounatmaa K, Pearce MA, Devine DA. Characterization of Prevotella intermedia and Prevotella nigrescens isolates from periodontic and endodontic infections. J Periodontol. 1994;65: 56-61.ArticlePubMed
  • 23. Bae KS, Baumgartner JC, Shearer TR, David LL. Occurrence of Prevotella nigrescens and Prevotella intermedia in infections of endodontic origin. J Endod. 1997;23: 620-623.ArticlePubMed
  • 24. Scheffer J, Konig W, Braun V, Goebel W. Comparison of four hemolysin-producing organisms (Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Listeria monocytogenes) for release of inflammatory mediators from various cells. J Clin Microbiol. 1988;26: 544-551.ArticlePubMedPMCPDF
  • 25. Beem JE, Nesbitt WE, Leung KP. Identification of hemolytic activity in Prevotella intermedia. Oral Microbiol Immunol. 1998;13: 97-105.ArticlePubMed
  • 26. Gadeberg OV, Orskov I. In vitro cytotoxic effect of alpha-hemolytic Escherichia coli on human blood granulocytes. Infect Immun. 1984;45: 255-260.ArticlePubMedPMCPDF
  • 27. Konig B, Konig W. Effect of growth factors on Escherichia coli alpha-hemolysin-induced mediator release from human inflammatory cells: involvement of the signal transduction pathway. Infect Immun. 1994;62: 2085-2093.ArticlePubMedPMCPDF
  • 28. Krasilnikov OV, Merzlyak PG, Yuldasheva LN, Rodrigues CG, Bhakdi S, Valeva A. Electrophysiological evidence for heptameric stoichiometry of ion channels formed by Staphylococcus aureus alpha-toxin in planar lipid bilayers. Mol Microbiol. 2000;37: 1372-1378.ArticlePubMed
  • 29. Mengaud J, Chenevert J, Geoffroy C, Gaillard JL, Cossart P. Identification of the structural gene encoding the SH-activated hemolysin of Listeria monocytogenes: listeriolysin O is homologous to streptolysin O and pneumolysin. Infect Immun. 1987;55: 3225-3227.ArticlePubMedPMCPDF
Table 1
Hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens isolates
jkacd-30-335-i001.jpg
Table 2
Hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens ATCC 33563 and P. nigrescens 2304 strains based on erythrocytes

aRelative hemolytic activity (%)

bND; not detected

jkacd-30-335-i002.jpg
Table 3
Effect of NaN3 on hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens ATCC 33563 and P. nigrescens 2304

aRelative hemolytic activity (%)

bND; not detected

*p < 0.05 compared with control by Mann-Whitney U test

jkacd-30-335-i003.jpg
Table 4
Effect of dithiothreitol (DTT) on hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens ATCC 33563 and P. nigrescens 2304

aRelative hemolytic activity (%)

bND; not detected

*p < 0.05 compared with control by Mann-Whitney U test

jkacd-30-335-i004.jpg
Table 5
Effect of pH on hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens ATCC33563 and 2304

aND; not detected

jkacd-30-335-i005.jpg
Table 6
Effect of temperature on hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens ATCC 33563 and P. nigrescens 2304

aND; not detected

jkacd-30-335-i006.jpg
Table 7
Effect of various culture status on hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens ATCC 33563 and P. nigrescens 2304

aND ; not detected

jkacd-30-335-i007.jpg

Tables & Figures

REFERENCES

    Citations

    Citations to this article as recorded by  

      • ePub LinkePub Link
      • Cite
        CITE
        export Copy Download
        Close
        Download Citation
        Download a citation file in RIS format that can be imported by all major citation management software, including EndNote, ProCite, RefWorks, and Reference Manager.

        Format:
        • RIS — For EndNote, ProCite, RefWorks, and most other reference management software
        • BibTeX — For JabRef, BibDesk, and other BibTeX-specific software
        Include:
        • Citation for the content below
        A study on the hemolytic properties of Prevotella nigrescens
        J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2005;30(4):335-343.   Published online July 30, 2005
        Close
      • XML DownloadXML Download
      A study on the hemolytic properties of Prevotella nigrescens
      A study on the hemolytic properties of Prevotella nigrescens

      Hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens isolates

      Hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens ATCC 33563 and P. nigrescens 2304 strains based on erythrocytes

      aRelative hemolytic activity (%)

      bND; not detected

      Effect of NaN3 on hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens ATCC 33563 and P. nigrescens 2304

      aRelative hemolytic activity (%)

      bND; not detected

      *p < 0.05 compared with control by Mann-Whitney U test

      Effect of dithiothreitol (DTT) on hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens ATCC 33563 and P. nigrescens 2304

      aRelative hemolytic activity (%)

      bND; not detected

      *p < 0.05 compared with control by Mann-Whitney U test

      Effect of pH on hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens ATCC33563 and 2304

      aND; not detected

      Effect of temperature on hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens ATCC 33563 and P. nigrescens 2304

      aND; not detected

      Effect of various culture status on hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens ATCC 33563 and P. nigrescens 2304

      aND ; not detected

      Table 1 Hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens isolates

      Table 2 Hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens ATCC 33563 and P. nigrescens 2304 strains based on erythrocytes

      aRelative hemolytic activity (%)

      bND; not detected

      Table 3 Effect of NaN3 on hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens ATCC 33563 and P. nigrescens 2304

      aRelative hemolytic activity (%)

      bND; not detected

      *p < 0.05 compared with control by Mann-Whitney U test

      Table 4 Effect of dithiothreitol (DTT) on hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens ATCC 33563 and P. nigrescens 2304

      aRelative hemolytic activity (%)

      bND; not detected

      *p < 0.05 compared with control by Mann-Whitney U test

      Table 5 Effect of pH on hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens ATCC33563 and 2304

      aND; not detected

      Table 6 Effect of temperature on hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens ATCC 33563 and P. nigrescens 2304

      aND; not detected

      Table 7 Effect of various culture status on hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens ATCC 33563 and P. nigrescens 2304

      aND ; not detected


      Restor Dent Endod : Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics
      Close layer
      TOP