Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics

Research Article

Elemental analysis of caries-affected root dentin and artificially demineralized dentin: Young-Hye Sung, Ho-Hyun Son, Keewook Yi, Juhea Chang; Restor Dent Endod 2016;41(4):255-261. Published online August 19, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2016.41.4.255

Objectives

This study aimed to analyze the mineral composition of naturally- and artificially-produced caries-affected root dentin and to determine the elemental incorporation of resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) into the demineralized dentin.

Materials and Methods

Box-formed cavities were prepared on buccal and lingual root surfaces of sound human premolars (n = 15). One cavity was exposed to a microbial caries model using a strain of Streptococcus mutans. The other cavity was subjected to a chemical model under pH cycling. Premolars and molars with root surface caries were used as a natural caries model (n = 15). Outer caries lesion was removed using a carbide bur and a hand excavator under a dyeing technique and restored with RMGI (FujiII LC, GC Corp.). The weight percentages of calcium (Ca), phosphate (P), and strontium (Sr) and the widths of demineralized dentin were determined by electron probe microanalysis and compared among the groups using ANOVA and Tukey test (p < 0.05).

Results

There was a pattern of demineralization in all models, as visualized with scanning electron microscopy. Artificial models induced greater losses of Ca and P and larger widths of demineralized dentin than did a natural caries model (p < 0.05). Sr was diffused into the demineralized dentin layer from RMGI.

Conclusions

Both microbial and chemical caries models produced similar patterns of mineral composition on the caries-affected dentin. However, the artificial lesions had a relatively larger extent of demineralization than did the natural lesions. RMGI was incorporated into the superficial layer of the caries-affected dentin.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Frontiers of Global Research Trend on Root Caries: A Bibliometric Analysis
Grace Yuchan Xu, Irene Shuping Zhao, Christie Ying Kei Lung, Iris Xiaoxue Yin, Edward Chin Man Lo, Chun Hung Chu
International Dental Journal.2024; 74(6): 1197. CrossRef
Effects of NaF versus SDF treatment on microhardness of artificial radiation caries at cervical and root areas
Pipop SAIKAEW, Karis KATEKOVIT, Anocha BURANARACHADA, Nattapat SAIMALA, Anussara PRAYONGRAT, Pornpoj FUANGTHARNTHIP
Dental Materials Journal.2024; 43(4): 591. CrossRef
Degradable polycaprolactone/buffer composites as pH regulating carrier materials for drug delivery and 3D printed biomaterials
Therese Schüler, Celine Guder, Franziska Alt, Katrin Lorenz, Torsten Sterzenbach, Christian Hannig, Hans-Peter Wiesmann, Benjamin Kruppke
Materialia.2024; 34: 102087. CrossRef
The Effect of Oral Care Foams and a Spray on Salivary pH Changes after Exposure to Acidic Beverages in Young Adults
Maria Polyakova, Anna Egiazaryan, Vladlena Doroshina, Alexandr Zaytsev, Alexey Malashin, Ksenia Babina, Nina Novozhilova
Dentistry Journal.2024; 12(4): 93. CrossRef
In Vitro Models Used in the Formation of Root Caries Lesions—A Review of the Literature
Zaid Dohan, Lara T. Friedlander, Paul R. Cooper, Kai-Chun Li, Jithendra T. Ratnayake, May L. Mei
Dentistry Journal.2023; 11(12): 269. CrossRef
Yttrium Trifluoride as a Marker of Infiltration Rate of Decalcified Root Cementum: An In Vitro Study
Anna Nowak-Wachol, Anna Korytkowska-Wałach, Bartosz Chmiela, Kacper Wachol, Maciej Łopaciński, Magdalena Wyszyńska, Yousuf Al-Dulaimi, Małgorzata Skucha-Nowak
Polymers.2022; 14(4): 780. CrossRef
Effect of fluoride, chlorhexidine or Nd:YAG on the progression of root dentin demineralization after removal of the demineralized organic matrix
Andrea Maselli, Tânia Mara da Silva, Lucélia Lemes Gonçalves, Aline Silva Braga, Eduardo Bresciani, Ana Carolina Magalhães, Sérgio Eduardo de Paiva Gonçalves
Journal of Applied Oral Science.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of ionizing radiation and cariogenic biofilm challenge on root-dentin caries
Camila de Carvalho Almança Lopes, Renata Borges Rodrigues, Maximiliano Sérgio Cenci, Juliana Lays Stolfo Uehara, Tamires Timm Maske, Pedro Henrique Justino Oliveira Limirio, Priscilla Barbosa Ferreira Soares, Veridiana Resende Novais
Clinical Oral Investigations.2021; 25(6): 4059. CrossRef
Silver diamine fluoride treatment of active root caries lesions in older adults: A case series
Chelsea Mitchell, Andrew J Gross, Peter Milgrom, Lloyd Mancl, David B Prince
Journal of Dentistry.2021; 105: 103561. CrossRef
A Hydrogel Drink With High Fructose Content Generates Higher Exogenous Carbohydrate Oxidation and a Reduced Drop in Dental Biofilm pH Compared to Two Other, Commercially Available, Carbohydrate Sports Drinks
Stefan Pettersson, Martin Ahnoff, Fredrik Edin, Peter Lingström, Charlotte Simark Mattsson, Ulrika Andersson-Hall
Frontiers in Nutrition.2020;[Epub] CrossRef

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Basic Research

Elemental analysis of the fluoride varnish effects on root caries initiation: Se-Eun Park, Keewook Yi, Hae-Young Kim, Ho-Hyun Son, Juhea Chang; J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2011;36(4):290-299. Published online July 31, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2011.36.4.290

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

The usage of fluoride varnish for a moderate to low caries-risk group has not been well validated. This study aimed to evaluate the preventive and therapeutic efficacies of fluoride varnish on the initiated root caries.

Materials and Methods

Ten premolars were sectioned into quarters, further divided into two windows, one of which was painted with Fluor Protector (1,000 ppm fluoride, Ivoclar Vivadent). An initial lesion with a well-preserved surface layer was produced by pH cycling. Scanned line analysis using energy dispersive spectrometry determined the weight percentages of Ca and P in the demineralized layer. Scanning Electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) evaluated the varnish-applied root surfaces.

Results

The mean lesion depth (SD) was 12.3 (2.6) µm (single cycling) and 19.6 (3.8) µm (double cycling). Double cycling extended the lesion depth, but induced no more mineral loss than single cycling (p < 0.05). The mean weight percentages of Ca and P between groups with and without varnish were not significantly different (p < 0.05). A CLSM showed varnish remained within 15 µm of the surface layer.

Conclusions

When a mild acid challenge initiated root tissue demineralization, the application of low-concentration fluoride varnish did not influence the lesion depth or the mineral composition of the subsurface lesion.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The combined occluding effect of sodium fluoride varnish and Nd:YAG laser irradiation on dentinal tubules—A CLSM and SEM study
Samet Tosun, Emre Culha, Ugur Aydin, Abdul Semih Ozsevik
Scanning.2016; 38(6): 619. CrossRef
How to designin situstudies: an evaluation of experimental protocols
Young-Hye Sung, Hae-Young Kim, Ho-Hyun Son, Juhea Chang
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2014; 39(3): 164. CrossRef
Evaluation of release of fluoride from dental varnishes marketed in Korea
Han-Na Kim, Myung-Su Jeong, Se-Yeon Kim, Jin-Bom Kim, Seung-Hwa Jeong
Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health.2014; 38(3): 131. CrossRef

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Original Article

The influence of pH and lactic acid concentration on the formation of artificial root caries in acid buffer solution: Hyun-Suk Oh, Byoung-Duck Roh, Chan-Young Lee; J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2007;32(1):47-60. Published online January 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2007.32.1.047

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

The purpose of this study is to compare and to evaluate the effect of pH and lactic acid concentration on the progression of artificial root caries lesion using polarizing microscope, and to evaluate the morphological changes of hydroxyapatite crystals of the demineralized area and to investigate the process of demineralization using scanning electron microscope.

Artificial root caries lesion was created by dividing specimens into 3 pH groups (pH 4.3, 5.0, 5.5), and each pH group was divided into 3 lactic acid concentration groups (25 mM, 50 mM, 100 mM). Each group was immersed in acid buffer solution for 5 days and examined. The results were as follows:

1. Under polarized microscope, the depth of lesion was more effected by the lactic acid concentration rather than the pH.

2. Under scanning electron microscope, dissolution of hydroxyapatite crystals were increased as the lactic acid concentration increased and the pH decreased.

3. Demineralized hydroxyapatite crystals showed peripheral dissolution and decreased size and number within cluster of hydroxyapatite crystals and widening of intercluster and intercrystal spaces as the pH decreased and the lactic acid concentration increased.

4. Under scanning electron microscope evaluation of the surface zone, clusters of hydroxyapatite crystals were dissolved, and dissolution and reattachment of crystals on the surface of collagen fibrils were observed as the lactic acid concentration increased.

5. Under scanning electron microscope, demineralization of dentin occurred not only independently but also with remineralization simultaneously.

In conclusion, the study showed that pH and lactic acid concentration influenced the rate of progression of the lesion in artificial root caries. Demineralization process was progressed from the surface of the cluster of hydroxyapatite crystals and the morphology of hydroxyapatite crystals changed from round or elliptical shape into irregular shape as time elapsed.

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