The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the cleaning efficacy of various irrigation methods in the mandibular mesial roots. The forty five mesial root canals were shaped by Profile .06 instruments to apical size #30 and irrigated with 5 ml of 3.5% NaOCl. The teeth were divided into 3 groups and irrigated finally for 1 minute; Group 1: syringe irrigation, Group 2: ultrasonic irrigation, Group 3: RinsEndo irrigation.

After histological processing, the cross sections of apical 1, 3, and 5 mm level were examined with an optical microscope. The cleanliness values of canals and isthmuses were calculated and analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test.

There were no significant differences in both canal and isthmus cleanliness between syringe irrigation and ultrasonic irrigation except 5 mm level of isthmus.

Citations

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• Multivariate analysis of the cleaning efficacy of different final irrigation techniques in the canal and isthmus of mandibular posterior teeth
  Yeon-Jee Yoo, WooCheol Lee, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Won-Jun Shon, Seung-Ho Baek
  Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2013; 38(3): 154.     CrossRef
• Review of root canal irrigant delivery techniques and devices
  Yeon-Jee Yoo, Su-Jeong Shin, Seung-Ho Baek
  Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2011; 36(3): 180.     CrossRef

This clinical study evaluated the whitening effect and safety of polymer based-pen type BlancTis Forte (NIBEC) containing 8.3% carbamide peroxide. Twenty volunteers used the BlancTis Forte whitening agent for 2 hours twice a day for 4 weeks. As a control, Whitening Effect Pen (LG) containing 3% hydrogen peroxide was used by 20 volunteers using the same protocol. The change in shade (ΔE^*, color difference) was measured using Shadepilot™ (DeguDent) before, during, and after bleaching (2 weeks, 4 weeks, and post-bleaching 4 weeks). A clinical examination for any side effects (tooth hypersensitivity or soft tissue complications) was also performed at each check-up. The following results were obtained.

1. Both the experimental and control groups displayed a noticeable change in shade (ΔE) of over 2. No significant differences were found between the two groups (p > 0.05), implying that the two agents have a similar whitening effect.

2. The whitening effect was mainly due to changes in a and b values rather than in L value (brightness). The experimental group showed a significantly higher change in b value, thus yellow shade, than the control (p < 0.05).

3. None of the participants complained of tooth hypersensitivity or soft tissue complications, confirming the safety of both whitening agents.

Citations

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• Surface Damage and Bleaching Effect according to the Application Type of Home Tooth Bleaching Applicants
  Na-Yeoun Tak, Do-Seon Lim, Hee-Jung Lim, Im-Hee Jung
  Journal of Dental Hygiene Science.2020; 20(4): 252.     CrossRef
• Efficacy of a self - applied paint - on whitening gel combined with wrap
  Soo-Yeon Kim, Jae-Hyun Ahn, Ji-Young Kim, Jin-Woo Kim, Se-Hee Park, Kyung-Mo Cho
  Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science.2018; 34(3): 175.     CrossRef