Color and hardness changes in artificial white spot lesions after resin infiltration

Ji-Hoon Kim; Ho-Hyun Son; Juhea Chang

doi:10.5395/rde.2012.37.2.90

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Research Article Color and hardness changes in artificial white spot lesions after resin infiltration: Ji-Hoon Kim¹, Ho-Hyun Son, DDS, PhD², Juhea Chang, DDS, MSD, PhD³; 2012;37(2):-95.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2012.37.2.90
Published online: May 18, 2012

¹Department of Dentistry, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.

²Department of Conservative Dentistry, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.

³Clinic for Persons with Disabilities, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea.

Correspondence to Juhea Chang, DDS, MSD, PhD. Clinical assistant professor, Clinic for Persons with Disabilities, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, 101 Daehag-ro, Jongro-gu, Seoul, Korea. TEL, +82-2-2072-3831; FAX, +82-2-2072-2854; juhchang@snu.ac.kr

• Received: December 30, 2011 • Revised: February 24, 2012 • Accepted: February 24, 2012

©Copyights 2012. The Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.

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Abstract
REFERENCES

Abstract

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of resin infiltration technique on color and surface hardness of white spot lesion (WSL) with various degrees of demineralization.
Materials and Methods
Ten human upper premolars were cut and divided into quarters with a 3 × 4 mm window on the enamel surface. Each specimens were separated into four groups (n = 10) and immersed in demineralization solution to create WSL: control, no treatment (baseline); 12 h, 12 hr demineralization; 24 h, 24 hr demineralization; 48 h, 48 hr demineralization. Resin infiltration was performed to the specimens using Icon (DMG). CIEL^*a^*b^* color parameters of the enamel-dentin complex were determined using a spectroradiometer at baseline, after caries formation and after resin infiltration. Surface hardness was measured by Vickers Micro Hardness Tester (Shimadzu, HMV-2). The differences in color and hardness among the groups were analyzed with ANOVA followed by Tukey test.
Results
Resin infiltration induced color changes and increased the hardness of demineralized enamel. After resin infiltration, there was no difference in color change (ΔE^*) or microhardness among the groups (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
There was no difference in the effect of resin infiltration on color and hardness among groups with different extents of demineralization.
Keywords: Color measurement; Microhardness; Resin infiltration; White spot lesion

Figure 1

(a) Mean values of CIE L^* for three groups (12 h, 24 h, and 48 h demineralization time) measured at baseline, after careis formation, and after resin infiltration; (b) Mean values of CIE a^* for three groups; (c) Mean values of CIE b^* for three groups; (d) Mean values of color change (CIE ΔE^*) after caries formation (BL-CA) and after resin infiltration (BL-RI) for three groups.

Table 1

The difference in the mean values (SD) of CIE L^*, a^*, b^*, and ΔE^* among the control and the experimental groups after caries formation for three different demineralization times and corresponding resin infiltration

Different superscript letters denote the values that are significantly different from one another in each column (p < 0.05).

Table 2

The mean values (SD) of Vickers hardness after caries formation for three different demineralization times and corresponding resin infiltration

Different superscript letters denote the values that are significantly different from one another in each column (p < 0.05).

No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Figure 1

Table 1

Different superscript letters denote the values that are significantly different from one another in each column (p < 0.05).

Table 2

The mean values (SD) of Vickers hardness after caries formation for three different demineralization times and corresponding resin infiltration

Different superscript letters denote the values that are significantly different from one another in each column (p < 0.05).

REFERENCES

1. Kielbassa AM, Muller J, Gernhardt CR. Closing the gap between oral hygiene and minimally invasive dentistry: a review on the resin infiltration technique of incipient (proximal) enamel lesions. Quintessence Int. 2009;40: 663-681.PubMed
2. Featherstone JD. Prevention and reversal of dental caries: role of low level fluoride. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1999;27: 31-40.Article PubMed
3. Fontana M, Young DA, Wolff MS, Pitts NB, Longbottom C. Defining dental caries for 2010 and beyond. Dent Clin North Am. 2010;54: 423-440.Article PubMed
4. Kim ME, Jung IY, Kum KY, Lee CY, Roh BD. In vivo quantitative analysis of remineralization effect of remineralization solution 'R' of incipient enamel dental caries. J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2002;27: 175-182.Article
5. Kim S, Kim EY, Jeong TS, Kim JW. The evaluation of resin infiltration for masking labial enamel white spot lesions. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2011;21: 241-248.Article PubMed
6. Tüfekçi E, Merrill TE, Pintado MR, Beyer JP, Brantley WA. Enamel loss associated with orthodontic adhesive removal on teeth with white spot lesions: an in vitro study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2004;125: 733-739.Article PubMed
7. Gwinnett AJ, Ceen RF. Plaque distribution on bonded brackets: a scanning microscope study. Am J Orthod. 1979;75: 667-677.Article PubMed
8. Rocha Gomes Torres C, Borges AB, Torres LM, Gomes IS, de Oliveira RS. Effect of caries infiltration technique and fluoride therapy on the colour masking of white spot lesions. J Dent. 2011;39: 202-207.Article PubMed
9. Meyer-Lueckel H, Paris S, Kielbassa AM. Surface layer erosion of natural caries lesions with phosphoric and hydrochloric acid gels in preparation for resin infiltration. Caries Res. 2007;41: 223-230.Article PubMed PDF
10. ten Cate JM, Buijs MJ, Miller CC, Exterkate RA. Elevated fluoride products enhance remineralization of advanced enamel lesions. J Dent Res. 2008;87: 943-947.Article PubMed PDF
11. Son HJ, Kim WC, Jun SH, Kim YS, Ju SW, Ahn JS. Influence of dentin porcelain thickness on layered all-ceramic restoration color. J Dent. 2010;38: Suppl 2. e71-e77.Article PubMed
12. Zandoná AF, Zero DT. Diagnostic tools for early caries detection. J Am Dent Assoc. 2006;137: 1675-1684.Article PubMed
13. Bishara SE, Ostby AW. White Spot Lesions: formation, prevention, and treatment. Semin Orthod. 2008;14: 174-182.Article
14. Cochrane NJ, Cai F, Huq NL, Burrow MF, Reynolds EC. New approaches to enhanced remineralization of tooth enamel. J Dent Res. 2010;89: 1187-1197.Article PubMed PDF
15. Son JH, Hur B, Kim HC, Park JK. Management of white spots: resin infiltration technique and microabrasion. J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2011;36: 66-71.Article
16. Joiner A, Hopkinson I, Deng Y, Westland S. A review of tooth colour and whiteness. J Dent. 2008;36: Suppl 1. S2-S7.Article PubMed
17. Ko CC, Tantbirojn D, Wang T, Douglas WH. Optical scattering power for characterization of mineral loss. J Dent Res. 2000;79: 1584-1589.Article PubMed PDF
18. Iwami Y, Hayashi N, Takeshige F, Ebisu S. Relationship between the color of carious dentin with varying lesion activity, and bacterial detection. J Dent. 2008;36: 143-151.Article PubMed
19. Lim HN, Yu B, Lee YK. Spectroradiometric and spectrophotometric translucency of ceramic materials. J Prosthet Dent. 2010;104: 239-246.Article PubMed
20. Lim HN, Yu B, Lim JI, Lee YK. Correlations between spectroradiometric and spectrophotometric colors of all-ceramic materials. Dent Mater. 2010;26: 1052-1058.Article PubMed
21. Douglas RD, Steinhauer TJ, Wee AG. Intraoral determination of the tolerance of dentists for perceptibility and acceptability of shade mismatch. J Prosthet Dent. 2007;97: 200-208.Article PubMed
22. Kim Y, Son HH, Yi K, Kim HY, Ahn J, Chang J. The color change in artificial white spot lesions measured using a spectroradiometer. Clin Oral Investig. 2012 01 27 (Epub ahead of print).Article PDF
23. Knösel M, Attin R, Becker K, Attin T. External bleaching effect on the color and luminosity of inactive white-spot lesions after fixed orthodontic appliances. Angle Orthod. 2007;77: 646-652.Article PubMed PDF

Tables & Figures

Figure 1

Table 1

Different superscript letters denote the values that are significantly different from one another in each column (p < 0.05).

Table 2

The mean values (SD) of Vickers hardness after caries formation for three different demineralization times and corresponding resin infiltration

Different superscript letters denote the values that are significantly different from one another in each column (p < 0.05).

Figure 1

Table 1

Different superscript letters denote the values that are significantly different from one another in each column (p < 0.05).

Table 2

The mean values (SD) of Vickers hardness after caries formation for three different demineralization times and corresponding resin infiltration

Different superscript letters denote the values that are significantly different from one another in each column (p < 0.05).

REFERENCES

1. Kielbassa AM, Muller J, Gernhardt CR. Closing the gap between oral hygiene and minimally invasive dentistry: a review on the resin infiltration technique of incipient (proximal) enamel lesions. Quintessence Int. 2009;40: 663-681.PubMed
2. Featherstone JD. Prevention and reversal of dental caries: role of low level fluoride. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1999;27: 31-40.Article PubMed
3. Fontana M, Young DA, Wolff MS, Pitts NB, Longbottom C. Defining dental caries for 2010 and beyond. Dent Clin North Am. 2010;54: 423-440.Article PubMed
4. Kim ME, Jung IY, Kum KY, Lee CY, Roh BD. In vivo quantitative analysis of remineralization effect of remineralization solution 'R' of incipient enamel dental caries. J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2002;27: 175-182.Article
5. Kim S, Kim EY, Jeong TS, Kim JW. The evaluation of resin infiltration for masking labial enamel white spot lesions. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2011;21: 241-248.Article PubMed
6. Tüfekçi E, Merrill TE, Pintado MR, Beyer JP, Brantley WA. Enamel loss associated with orthodontic adhesive removal on teeth with white spot lesions: an in vitro study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2004;125: 733-739.Article PubMed
7. Gwinnett AJ, Ceen RF. Plaque distribution on bonded brackets: a scanning microscope study. Am J Orthod. 1979;75: 667-677.Article PubMed
8. Rocha Gomes Torres C, Borges AB, Torres LM, Gomes IS, de Oliveira RS. Effect of caries infiltration technique and fluoride therapy on the colour masking of white spot lesions. J Dent. 2011;39: 202-207.Article PubMed
9. Meyer-Lueckel H, Paris S, Kielbassa AM. Surface layer erosion of natural caries lesions with phosphoric and hydrochloric acid gels in preparation for resin infiltration. Caries Res. 2007;41: 223-230.Article PubMed PDF
10. ten Cate JM, Buijs MJ, Miller CC, Exterkate RA. Elevated fluoride products enhance remineralization of advanced enamel lesions. J Dent Res. 2008;87: 943-947.Article PubMed PDF
11. Son HJ, Kim WC, Jun SH, Kim YS, Ju SW, Ahn JS. Influence of dentin porcelain thickness on layered all-ceramic restoration color. J Dent. 2010;38: Suppl 2. e71-e77.Article PubMed
12. Zandoná AF, Zero DT. Diagnostic tools for early caries detection. J Am Dent Assoc. 2006;137: 1675-1684.Article PubMed
13. Bishara SE, Ostby AW. White Spot Lesions: formation, prevention, and treatment. Semin Orthod. 2008;14: 174-182.Article
14. Cochrane NJ, Cai F, Huq NL, Burrow MF, Reynolds EC. New approaches to enhanced remineralization of tooth enamel. J Dent Res. 2010;89: 1187-1197.Article PubMed PDF
15. Son JH, Hur B, Kim HC, Park JK. Management of white spots: resin infiltration technique and microabrasion. J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2011;36: 66-71.Article
16. Joiner A, Hopkinson I, Deng Y, Westland S. A review of tooth colour and whiteness. J Dent. 2008;36: Suppl 1. S2-S7.Article PubMed
17. Ko CC, Tantbirojn D, Wang T, Douglas WH. Optical scattering power for characterization of mineral loss. J Dent Res. 2000;79: 1584-1589.Article PubMed PDF
18. Iwami Y, Hayashi N, Takeshige F, Ebisu S. Relationship between the color of carious dentin with varying lesion activity, and bacterial detection. J Dent. 2008;36: 143-151.Article PubMed
19. Lim HN, Yu B, Lee YK. Spectroradiometric and spectrophotometric translucency of ceramic materials. J Prosthet Dent. 2010;104: 239-246.Article PubMed
20. Lim HN, Yu B, Lim JI, Lee YK. Correlations between spectroradiometric and spectrophotometric colors of all-ceramic materials. Dent Mater. 2010;26: 1052-1058.Article PubMed
21. Douglas RD, Steinhauer TJ, Wee AG. Intraoral determination of the tolerance of dentists for perceptibility and acceptability of shade mismatch. J Prosthet Dent. 2007;97: 200-208.Article PubMed
22. Kim Y, Son HH, Yi K, Kim HY, Ahn J, Chang J. The color change in artificial white spot lesions measured using a spectroradiometer. Clin Oral Investig. 2012 01 27 (Epub ahead of print).Article PDF
23. Knösel M, Attin R, Becker K, Attin T. External bleaching effect on the color and luminosity of inactive white-spot lesions after fixed orthodontic appliances. Angle Orthod. 2007;77: 646-652.Article PubMed PDF

Citations

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Color and hardness changes in artificial white spot lesions after resin infiltration

Restor Dent Endod. 2012;37(2):90-95. Published online May 18, 2012

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2012.37.2.90

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Figure

Color and hardness changes in artificial white spot lesions after resin infiltration

Figure 1 (a) Mean values of CIE L* for three groups (12 h, 24 h, and 48 h demineralization time) measured at baseline, after careis formation, and after resin infiltration; (b) Mean values of CIE a* for three groups; (c) Mean values of CIE b* for three groups; (d) Mean values of color change (CIE ΔE*) after caries formation (BL-CA) and after resin infiltration (BL-RI) for three groups.

Figure 1

Color and hardness changes in artificial white spot lesions after resin infiltration

Table 1

Different superscript letters denote the values that are significantly different from one another in each column (p < 0.05).

Table 2

The mean values (SD) of Vickers hardness after caries formation for three different demineralization times and corresponding resin infiltration

Different superscript letters denote the values that are significantly different from one another in each column (p < 0.05).

Table 1 The difference in the mean values (SD) of CIE L*, a*, b*, and ΔE* among the control and the experimental groups after caries formation for three different demineralization times and corresponding resin infiltration

Different superscript letters denote the values that are significantly different from one another in each column (p < 0.05).

Table 2 The mean values (SD) of Vickers hardness after caries formation for three different demineralization times and corresponding resin infiltration

Different superscript letters denote the values that are significantly different from one another in each column (p < 0.05).