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A study of ionic dissociation on various calcium hydroxide pastes using molecular sieving model


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A study of ionic dissociation on various calcium hydroxide pastes using molecular sieving model

Article information

Restor Dent Endod. 2002;27(6):632-643
Publication date (electronic) : 2002 November 30
doi : https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2002.27.6.632
Kyoung-Sun Lee, D.D.S., M.S.D., Seung-Jong Lee, D.D.S., M.S.D., M.S., Ph D.
Department of Dentistry, The graduate School, Yonsei University, Korea.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was two-fold. First was to evaluate whether the molecular sieving model was appropriate for ionic dissociation experiment. Second was to compare the dissociation of calcium and hydroxyl ions from five types of calcium hydroxide pastes (Pure calcium hydroxide paste, DT temporary dressing®, Metapaste®, Chidopex®, Metapex®) in three vehicles (aqueous, viscous and oily) and the antibacterial effect.

Each calcium hydroxide pastes was placed into 0.65ml tube with cap and then 15% polyacrylamide gel was placed onto calcium hydroxide pastes. After the gel was hardened, the tubes were filled with tridistilled water (pH 7.14) and closed with cap. The tubes were stored in 37℃, 100% incubator. The pH reading and the concentration of calcium ions were taken at 1, 4, 7, 10, and 14 days. The brain heart infusion agar plates with S. mutans and A. actinomycetemcomitans were used for antibacterial activity test. Middle of agar plate was filled with the calcium hydroxide pastes. The plates were incubated at 37℃ and observations were made to detect the zones of inhibition. These data were evaluated statistically by use of the analysis of variance and duncan test.

The results were as follows.

1. In fresh mixing state, the pH of five types of calcium hydroxide pastes were measured between 12.5 and 12.8.

2. The pH was increased in all five types of calcium hydroxide pastes compared with control group. In 14 days, Pure calcium hydroxide paste (11.45) and DT temporary dressing® (11.33) showed highest pH, followed by Metapaste® (9.49), Chidopex® (8.37) and Metapex® (7.59).

3. Calcium was higher in all five types of calcium hydroxide pastes compared with control group. In 14 days, Pure calcium hydroxide paste (137.29 mg%) and DT temporary dressing® (124.6 mg%) showed highest value, followed by Metapaste® (116.74 mg%), Chidopex® (111.84 mg%) and Metapex® (60.22 mg%).

4. The zones of bacterial inhibition were seen around all five types of calcium hydroxide pastes. Chidopex® and Metapex® groups which include iodoform were observed significantly larger zone of inhibition in A. actinomycetemcomitans compared with the other calcium hydroxide groups (p<0.05). However, Metapex® showed the least antibacterial effect on S. mutans compared with other groups (p<0.05).

The molecular sieving model was found to be acceptable in dissociation experiment of hydroxyl and calcium ions when compared with the previous tooth model study. But this model was not appropriate for the antibacterial test.

Keywords: molecular sieving model; calcium hydroxide; hydroxylion; calciumion; pH; antibacterial effect

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Article information Continued

Copyright © 2002 Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry
(open-access) :

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Fig. 1

Fig. 1

Molecular sieving model using 15% polyacrylamide gel

Fig. 2

Fig. 2

pH changes in released solution of calcium hydroxide

Fig. 3

Fig. 3

Changes of calcium ions in released solution of calcium hydroxide

Table 1

The solutions for preparing 15% polyacrylamide gel (10ml)

Table 1

Table 2

The components of the calcium hydroxide paste(%)

Table 2

*N/A : Calcium hydroxide and distilled water are mixed, pH 12.6

Table 3

pH values in released solution of calcium hydroxide (mean ± S.D.)

Table 3

Table 4

Statistical differences between test groups in pH by duncan test Statistically significant differences (p<0.05) are shown by *.

Table 4

Table 5

pH values of calcium hydroxide pastes (fresh mixing state)

Table 5

Table 6

Concentration of calcium ion in released solution of calcium hydroxide pastes. (mean ± S.D.)

Table 6

Table 7

Statistical differences between test groups in concentration of claciumions. Statistically significant differences (p<0.05) are shown by *.

Table 7

Table 8

Inhibitory effect of calcium hydroxide pastes on proliferation of S. mutans and A. actinomycetemcomitans.(mean ± S.E.)

Table 8

*: Statistically significant difference, p<0.05 by Mann-Whitney U-test

※The data is expressed as diameter of inhibition zone (mm).