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Optimal combination of 3-component photoinitiation system to increase the degree of conversion of resin monomers


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Optimal combination of 3-component photoinitiation system to increase the degree of conversion of resin monomers

Article information

Restor Dent Endod. 2011;36(4):313-323
Publication date (electronic) : 2011 July 31
doi : https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2011.36.4.313
Chang-Gyu Kim, DDS, PhD, Ho-Jin Moon, DDS, MS, Dong-Hoon Shin, DDS, PhD
Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dankook University College of Dentistry, Institute of Dental Science, Cheonan, Korea.
Correspondence to Dong-Hoon Shin, DDS, PhD. Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dankook University College of Dentistry, Institute of Dental Science, San 7-1, Shinbu-dong, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Korea 330-716. TEL, +82-41-550-1965; FAX, +82-41-553-1258; donyshin@dankook.ac.kr
Received 2011 June 20; Revised 2011 July 09; Accepted 2011 July 11.

Abstract

Objectives

This study investigated the optimal combination of 3-component photoinitiation system, consisting of CQ, p-octyloxy-phenyl-phenyl iodonium hexafluoroantimonate (OPPI), and 2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) to increase the degree of conversion of resin monomers, and analyze the effect of the ratio of the photoinitiator to the co-initiator.

Materials and Methods

Each photoinitiators (CQ and OPP) and co-initiator (DMAEMA) were mixed in three levels with 0.2 wt.% (low concentration, L), 1.0 wt.% (medium concentration, M), and 2.0 wt.% (high concentration, H). A total of nine groups using the Taguchi method were tested according to the following proportion of components in the photoinitiator system: LLL, LMM, LHH, MLM, MMH, MHL, HLH, HML, HHM. Each monomer was polymerized using a quartz-tungsten-halogen curing unit (Demetron 400, USA) for 5, 20, 40, 60, 300 sec and the degree of conversion (DC) was determined at each exposure time using FTIR.

Results

Significant differences were found for DC values in groups. MMH group and HHM group exhibited greater initial DC than the others. No significant difference was found with the ratio of the photoinitiators (CQ, OPPI) to the co-initiator (DMAEMA). The concentrations of CQ didn't affect the DC values, but those of OPPI did strongly.

Conclusions

MMH and HHM groups seem to be best ones to get increased DC. MMH group is indicated for bright, translucent color and HHM group is good for dark, opaque colored-resin.

Keywords: Camphoroquinone; Concentration; Degree of conversion; DMAEMA; OPPI; Photoinitiator

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Article information Continued

Copyright © 2011 Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry

Figure 1

Figure 1

Degree of conversion of experimental groups with various combination of photoinitiators according to exposure time.

L, low concentration; M, medium concentration; H, high concentration.

Figure 2

Figure 2

Degree of conversion at the first 5 seconds of irradiation.

L, low concentration; M, medium concentration; H, high concentration.

Figure 3

Figure 3

Degree of conversion at 20 seconds of irradiation.

L, low concentration; M, medium concentration; H, high concentration.

Figure 4

Figure 4

Degree of conversion at 40 seconds of irradiation.

L, low concentration; M, medium concentration; H, high concentration.

Figure 5

Figure 5

Degree of conversion at 60 seconds of irradiation.

L, low concentration; M, medium concentration; H, high concentration.

Figure 6

Figure 6

Degree of conversion at 300 seconds of irradiation.

L, low concentration; M, medium concentration; H, high concentration.

Figure 7

Figure 7

Degree of conversion with various concentration of photoinitiators (CQ + OPPI) to co-initiator (DMAEMA).

Table 1

Experimental groups of photoinitiator and co-initiator with various concentrations (CQ : OPPI : DMAEMA)

Table 1

CQ, camphoroquinone; OPPI, p-octyloxy-phenyl-phenyl iodonium hexafluoroantimonate; DMAEMA, ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate.

L, low concentration; M, medium concentration; H, high concentration.

Table 2

Degree of conversion (%) in each experimental group. Mean (SD)

Table 2

L, low concentration; M, medium concentration; H, high concentration.

Table 3

Concentration ratio of photoinitiators (CQ + OPPI) and amine (DMAEMA)

Table 3

L, low concentration; M, medium concentration; H, high concentration.

Table 4

Degree of conversion (%) in groups according CQ concentration only. Mean (SD)

Table 4

Values followed by the same lower-case letters are not significantly different (p > 0.05) within the column.

Table 5

Degree of conversion (%) in groups according OPPI concentration only. Mean (SD)

Table 5

Values followed by the same lower-case letters are not significantly different (p > 0.05) within the column.