Clinical assessment of whitening efficacy and safety of in-office tooth whitening system containing 15% hydrogen peroxide with or without light activation

Article information

Restor Dent Endod. 2011;36(4):306-312

Publication date (electronic) : 2011 July 31

doi : https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2011.36.4.306

Department of Conservative Dentistry, Seoul National University School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul, Korea.

Correspondence to Kee-Yeon Kum, DDS, PhD. Associate Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute and BK21 Program, 28-2 Yeongun-dong, Jongro-gu, Seoul, Korea 110-749. TEL, +82-2-2072-2656; FAX, +82-2-2072-3459; kum6139@snu.ac.kr

Received 2011 May 03; Revised 2011 June 21; Accepted 2011 June 21.

Abstract

Objectives

This clinical study evaluated the effect of light activation on the whitening efficacy and safety of in-office bleaching system containing 15% hydrogen peroxide gel.

Materials and Methods

Thirty-three volunteers were randomly treated with (n = 17, experimental group) or without light activation (n = 16, control group), using Zoom2 white gel (15% H₂O₂, Discus Dental) for a total treatment time of 45 min. Visual and instrumental color measurements were obtained using Vitapan Classical shade guide and Shadepilot (DeguDent) at screening test, after bleaching, and 1 month and 3 month after bleaching. Data were analyzed using t-test, repeated measure ANOVA, and chi-squared test.

Results

Zoom2 white gel produced significant shade changes in both experimental and control group when pre-treatment shade was compared with that after bleaching. However, shade difference between two groups was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Tooth shade relapse was not detected at 3 months after bleaching. The incidence of transient tooth sensitivity was 39.4%, with being no differences between two groups.

Conclusions

The application of light activation with Zoom2 white gel system neither achieved additional whitening effects nor showed more detrimental influences.

Keywords: Hypersensitivity; In-office bleaching; Light activation; Shadepilot; Zoom2 white gel; 15% hydrogen peroxide

References

1. Kihn PW. Vital tooth whitening. Dent Clin North Am 2007. 51319–331.

2. Kim SY, Park JU, Kim CH, Yang SE. A clinical evaluation of efficacy of an office bleaching gel containing 30% hydrogen peroxide. J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2010. 3540–50.

3. Kim SY, Park JU, Kim CH, Yang SE. A clinical evaluation of safety of an office bleaching gel containing 30% hydrogen peroxide. J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2010. 35198–210.

4. Joiner A. The bleaching of teeth: a review of the literature. J Dent 2006. 34412–419.

5. Sulieman M, Addy M, MacDonald E, Rees JS. The effect of hydrogen peroxide concentration on the outcome of tooth whitening: an in vitro study. J Dent 2004. 32295–299.

6. Calatayud JO, Calatayud CO, Zaccagnini AO, Box MJ. Clinical efficacy of a bleaching system based on hydrogen peroxide with or without light activation. Eur J Esthet Dent 2010. 5216–224.

7. Ontiveros JC, Paravina RD. Color change of vital teeth exposed to bleaching performed with and without supplementary light. J Dent 2009. 37840–847.

8. Lehmann KM, Igiel C, Schmidtmann I, Scheller H. Four color-measuring devices compared with a spector-phtometric reference system. J Dent 2010. 38Suppl 2. e65–e70.

9. Park JH, Shin HJ, Park DY, Park SH, Kim JW, Cho KM. Effect of the bleaching light on whitening efficacy. J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2009. 3495–102.

10. Paravina RD. Performance assessment of dental shade guides. J Dent 2009. 37Suppl 1. e15–e20.

11. American Dental Association Council of Scientific Affairs. Acceptance program guidelines: professional in-office tooth bleaching products 2006. Chicago: ADA;

12. Gross MD, Moser JB. A colorimetric study of coffee and tea staining of four composite resins. J Oral Rehabil 1977. 4311–322.

13. Asmussen E. An accelerated test for color stability of restorative resins. Acta Odontol Scand 1981. 39329–332.

14. Douglas RD, Steinhauer TJ, Wee AG. Intraoral determination of the tolerance of dentists for perceptibility and acceptability of shade mismatch. J Prosthet Dent 2007. 97200–208.

15. American Dental Association Council on Scientific Affairs. Tooth whitening/bleaching: treatment considerations for dentists and their patients 2009. Chicago: ADA;

16. Kugel G, Papathanasiou A, Williams AJ 3rd, Anderson C, Ferreira S. Clinical evaluation of chemical and light-activated tooth whitening systems. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2006. 2754–62.

17. Buchalla W, Attin T. External bleaching therapy with activation by heat, light or laser--a systematic review. Dent Mater 2007. 23586–596.

18. Baik JW, Rueggeberg FA, Liewehr FR. Effect of light-enhanced bleaching on in vitro surface and intrapulpal temperature rise. J Esthet Restor Dent 2001. 13370–378.

19. Kivanç BH, Arisu HD, Ulusoy Öx00EC;A, Saglam BC, Görgül G. Effect of light-activated bleaching on pulp chamber temperature rise: an in vitro study. Aust Endod J 2011. doi: 10.1111/j.1747-4477.2010.00271.x.

Article information Continued

Table 1

Tab arrangement and numeric order for Vitapan Classical ('Value'scale)

Table 2

Shade change evaluated by Vitapan Classical shade guide and Shadepilot

SD, standard deviation; VC, shade change evaluated by Vitapan Classical shade guide.

Table 3

Survey results on tooth sensitivity