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Polymerization shrinkage, hygroscopic expansion and microleakage of resin-based temporary filling materials


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Polymerization shrinkage, hygroscopic expansion and microleakage of resin-based temporary filling materials

Article information

Restor Dent Endod. 2008;33(2):115-124
Publication date (electronic) : 2008 March 31
doi : https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2008.33.2.115
Nak Yeon Cho, In-Bog Lee
Department of Consevative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Korea.
Corresponding Author: In-Bog Lee. Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 275-1 Yeongeon-Dong, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 110-768, Korea. Tel: 82-2-2072-3953, Fax: 82-2-2072-3859, inboglee@snu.ac.kr
Received 2008 January 28; Revised 2008 March 05; Accepted 2008 March 06.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to measure the polymerization shrinkage and hygroscopic expansion of resin-based temporary filling materials and to evaluate microleakage at the interface between the materials and cavity wall.

Five resin-based temporary filing materials were investigated: Fermit (Vivadent), Quicks (Dentkist), Provifil (Promedica), Spacer (Vericom), Clip (Voco). Caviton (GC) was also included for comparison. Polymerization shrinkage of five resin-based temporary filling materials was measured using the bonded disc method. For the measurement of hygroscopic expansion, the discs of six cured temporary filling materials were immersed in saline and a LVDT displacement sensor was used to measure the expansion for 7 days. For estimating of microleakage, Class I cavities were prepared on 120 extracted human molars and randomly assigned to 6 groups of 20 each. The cavities in each group were filled with six temporary filling materials. All specimens were submitted to 1000 thermo-cycles, with temperature varying from 5℃/55℃. Microleakage was determined using a dye penetration test.

The results were as follows:

  1. Fermit had significantly less polymerization shrinkage than the other resin-based temporary filling materials. Fermit (0.22 %) < Spacer (0.38 %) < Quicks (0.64 %), Provifil (0.67 %), Clip (0.67 %)

  2. Resin-based temporary filling materials showed 0.43 - 1.1 % expansion in 7 days.

  3. Fermit showed the greatest leakage, while Quicks exhibited the least leakage.

  4. There are no correlation between polymerization shrinkage or hygroscopic expansion and microleakage of resin-based temporary filling materials.

Keywords: Resin-based temporary filling material; Polymerization shrinkage; Hygroscopic expansion; Microleakage

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Article information Continued

Copyright © 2008 Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry
(open-access) :

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Figure 1

Figure 1

Structure of an instrument to measure axial polymerization shrinkage.

Figure 2

Figure 2

Representative curves of axial polymerization shrinkage of temporary filling materials as a function of time.

Figure 3-a

Figure 3-a

Hygroscopic expansion of Caviton as a function of time.

Figure 3-b

Figure 3-b

Initial hygroscopic expansion of temporary resin materials as a function of time.

Figure 4

Figure 4

The representative pictures for different microleakage patterns.

(a) Score 0: no leakage

(b) Score 1: leakage up to half of the cavity depth

(c) Score 2: leakage in the entire cavity depth without reaching the pulpal wall

(d) Score 3: leakage in the entire cavity depth even reaching the pulpal wall

Figure 5

Figure 5

Boxplot display of mean and median leakage score for each group.

The plot illustrates a summary of the microleakage scores based on the median, quartiles, and extreme values. The box represents the interquartile range which contains the 50% of values, the whiskers represent the highest and lowest microleakage values and the bold black line across the box indicates the median microleakage scores. The mark ◇ represents the mean microleakge scores.

Table 1

Materials used in this study

Table 1

Table 2

Calculated linear polymerization shrinkage (%) of temporary filling materials

Table 2

The numbers in parenthesis are S.D.

Same superscript letters mean that there is no statistical difference.

Calculated linear shrinkage = measured axial shrinkage ×(1/3)

Table 3

Hygroscopic expansion (%) of temporary filling materials at 24 hr and 7 days

Table 3

The numbers in parenthesis are S.D.

Same superscript letters mean that there is no statistical difference.

Table 4

Number of specimens in each score and mean microleakage score

Table 4