A comparative study on radiopacity of canal filling and retrograde root-end filling materials

Article information

Restor Dent Endod. 2008;33(2):107-114

Publication date (electronic) : 2008 March 31

doi : https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2008.33.2.107

Yong-Sang Kim , Seo-Kyong Kim , Yun-Chan Hwang , In-Nam Hwang , Won-Mann Oh

Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, DSRI, Chonnam National University, BK21, Korea.

Corresponding Author: Won-Mann Oh. Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, 8 Hak-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-757, Korea. Tel: 82-62-220-4431, Fax: 82-62-225-8387, wmoh@chonnam.ac.kr

Received 2008 January 24; Revised 2008 February 22; Accepted 2008 March 06.

Abstract

This study was performed to assess the radiopacity of a variety of canal filling and retrograde root-end filling materials according to the specification concerning root canal obturation materials.

Ten materials including Gutta-percha pellets, amalgam, Fuji II LC, Dyract® AP, Super EBA®, IRM®, AH 26®, Sealapex™, Tubli-Seal™ and dentin were evaluated in this study. In the first part, densitometric reading of an each step of aluminum step wedge on occlusal film were performed at 60 kVp (0.2, 0.3, 0.4 s), 70 kVp (0.2, 0.3, 0.33 s) to decide appropriate voltage and exposure time. In the second part, ten specimens which are 5 mm in diameter and 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 mm in thickness, were fabricated from each material studied. The specimens were radiographed simultaneously with an aluminum step wedge under decided condition (60 kVp, 0.2 s). The mean radiographic density values of the materials were transformed into radiopacity expressed equivalent thickness of aluminum (mm Al).

The following results were obtained.

Among the various conditions including 0.2 s, 0.3 s, 0.4 s at 60 kVp and 0.2 s, 0.3 s, 0.33 s at 70 kVp, the appropriate voltage and exposure time that meet the requirement of density from 0.5 to 2.0 was 0.2 s at 60 kVp.
All of the materials in this study had greater radiopacity than the minimun level recommended by ISO No. 4049 standards.
Most of the materials had greater radiopacity than 3 mm Al requirement of ANSI/ADA specification No. 57 (2000) and ISO No. 6876 (2001) standards except for Fuji II LC and Dyract.

It suggests that all experimental canal filling and retrograde root-end filling materials have a sufficient radiopacity that meet the requirement concerning root canal obturation materials except for Fuji II LC and Dyract.

Keywords: Radiopacity; Aluminum step wedge; Canal filling; Retrograde root-end filling materials

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This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Figure 1

A radiograph showing the radiopacities of each experimental material and dentin and their equivalence to those of the aluminum step wedge.

Figure 2

Standard curve for the optical density of the aluminum step wedge at 60 kVp, 0.2 s.

Figure 3

Radiopacities expressed in mean equivalent aluminum thicknesss for experimental materials in comparision with dentin.

Table 1

Mean values and standard deviations of the radiopacity values in terms of equivalent thickness of aluminum for the experimental materials