MICROLEAKAGE AND MARGINAL HYBRID LAYER OF DENTIN ADHESIVES

Article information

Restor Dent Endod. 2002;27(1):34-43

Publication date (electronic) : 2002 January 14

doi : https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2002.27.1.34

Young-Gon Cho , Young-Kwan Kim , Jong-Mo Ahn

Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Chosun University

Department of Oral Medicine, College of Dentistry, Chosun University

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to compare microleakage and marginal hybrid layer in class Ⅴ restorations using two one-bottle adhesives and one self-etching adhesive.

Class Ⅴ cavity preparations with occlusal margins in enamel and gingival margins in dentin were prepared on buccal and lingual surfaces of 30 extracted human molar teeth. Prepared teeth were randomly divided into three treatment groups (n=30) and restored with three adhesives and composites: Single Bond/Filtek Z-250 (Group 1), Prime&BondNT/Esthet∙X (Group 2), UniFil Bond/UniFil F (Group 3).

For microleakage, samples were stored in room temperature water for 24 hours, thermocycled, stained with 2% methylene blue dye, sectioned into halves, scored and analysed using Mann-whitney test and Wilcoxon signed rank sum test.

For marginal hybrid layer, samples were sectioned into halves, treated with 10% phosphoric acid for 5 seconds, stored in 5% NaOCL solution for 24 hours, dried and gold coated. Occlusal and gingival margins of each sample were inspected under SEM.

The results of this study were as follows;

Microleakage at the occlusal margins was not evident in group 1 and group 2, but it showed in group 3 (p<0.05).
Microleakage in group 1 and group 3 was significantly lower than in group 2 at gingival margins (p<0.05).
Microleakage at gingival margins was greater than at occlusal margins in group 1 and group 2, but microleakage at occlusal margins was greater than at gingival margins in group 3 (p<0.05).
In group 1 and group 2, no gaps at occlusal margins showed. But gaps showed in group 3. Occlusal margins were free from a hybrid layer in all groups.
The thickness of the marginal hybrid layers was 2.5∼5 μm thick in group 5 μm thick in group 2 and 1.5 μm thick in group 3.
There was no corelation between microleakage and thickness of marginal hybrid layer.

In coclusion, the effect of dentin adhesives on microleakge in class Ⅴ composite restorations was excellent when one-bottle adhesives were applied on enamel margin, and it was good when a self-etching adhesive was applied on dentinal margin. There was no corelation between microleakage and thickness of marginal hybrid layer.

Fig. 1.

Microleakage in group 1 (Single Bond/Filtek Z-250)

Microleakage did not showed at occlusal margin(Do).

Microleakage of degree 1(D1) was showed at gingival margin (× 15).

Fig. 2.

Microleakage in group 2 (Prime&Bond NT/Esthet∙X)

Microleakage did not showed at occlusal margin(Do).

Microleakage of degree 3(D3) showed at gingival margin (× 15).

Fig. 3.

Microleakage in group 3 (UniFil Bond/UniFil F)

Microleakage of degree 2(D2) showed at occlusal margin.

Microleakage of degree 1(D1) showed at gingival margin (× 15).

Fig. 4.

SEM of occlusal margin in group 1 (× 500)

Close adaptation between interface of resin(R) and enamel(E) was evident and no gaps showed at occlusal margins.

Hybrid layer was free.

Fig. 5.

SEM of occlusal margin in group 2 (× 500)

Close adaptation between interface of resin(R) and enamel(E) was evident and no gaps showed at occlusal margins. Hybrid layer was free.

Fig. 6.

SEM of occlusal margin in group 3 (× 500)

Tiny gaps(g) between interface of resin(R) and enamel(E) showed. Hybrid layer was free.

Fig. 7.

SEM of gingival margin in group 1 (× 500)

Thickness of the marginal hybrid layers(h) was 2.5∼5μm and tiny gaps(g) between interface of resin(R) and detin(D) showed.

Fig. 8.

SEM of gingival margin in group 2 (× 500)

Thickness of the marginal hybrid layers(h) was 5μm and wide gaps(g) between interface of resin(R) and dentin(D) showed.

Fig. 9.

SEM of gingival margin in group 3 (× 500)

Thickness of the marginal hybrid layers(h) was 1.5μm and tiny gaps(g) between interface of resin(R) and dentin(D) showed.

Table 1.

Group classification and adhesives/composite resins used in this study

Table 2.

Adhesive systems and compositions

Table 3.

Distribution of microleakage scores at occlusal and gingival margins

Table 4.

Statistical analysis of microleakage at occlusal margin between each group by Mann-Whitney test

Table 5.

Statistical analysis of microleakage at gingival margin between each group by Mann-Whitney test

Table 6.

Statistical analysis of microleakage at occlusal and gingival margin between each group by Wilcoxon signed rank sum test

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Fig. 1.

Microleakage in group 1 (Single Bond/Filtek Z-250)

Microleakage did not showed at occlusal margin(Do).

Microleakage of degree 1(D1) was showed at gingival margin (× 15).

Fig. 2.

Microleakage in group 2 (Prime&Bond NT/Esthet∙X)

Microleakage did not showed at occlusal margin(Do).

Microleakage of degree 3(D3) showed at gingival margin (× 15).

Fig. 3.

Microleakage in group 3 (UniFil Bond/UniFil F)

Microleakage of degree 2(D2) showed at occlusal margin.

Microleakage of degree 1(D1) showed at gingival margin (× 15).

Fig. 4.

SEM of occlusal margin in group 1 (× 500)

Close adaptation between interface of resin(R) and enamel(E) was evident and no gaps showed at occlusal margins.

Hybrid layer was free.

Fig. 5.

SEM of occlusal margin in group 2 (× 500)

Close adaptation between interface of resin(R) and enamel(E) was evident and no gaps showed at occlusal margins. Hybrid layer was free.

Fig. 6.

SEM of occlusal margin in group 3 (× 500)

Tiny gaps(g) between interface of resin(R) and enamel(E) showed. Hybrid layer was free.

Fig. 7.

SEM of gingival margin in group 1 (× 500)

Thickness of the marginal hybrid layers(h) was 2.5∼5μm and tiny gaps(g) between interface of resin(R) and detin(D) showed.

Fig. 8.

SEM of gingival margin in group 2 (× 500)

Thickness of the marginal hybrid layers(h) was 5μm and wide gaps(g) between interface of resin(R) and dentin(D) showed.

Fig. 9.

SEM of gingival margin in group 3 (× 500)

Thickness of the marginal hybrid layers(h) was 1.5μm and tiny gaps(g) between interface of resin(R) and dentin(D) showed.

Table 1.

Group classification and adhesives/composite resins used in this study

Group	Adhesive	Composite resin	Manufacturer
1	Single Bond	Filtek Z-250	3M Dental Products
2	Prime&Bond NT	Esthet. X	Dentsply/Caulk
3	UniFil Bond	UniFil F	GC Co.

Table 2.

Adhesive systems and compositions

Adhesive system	Etchants or self-etching primer	Composition of adhesive
Single Bond	35% H₃PO₄	bis-GMA, dimethacrylates, HEMA, polyalkenoic acid copolymer, initiator, 3%∼8% water, ethanol
Prime&Bond NT	34% H₃PO₄	PENTA, UDMA+T-resin+D-resin, butylated hydroxytoluene, 4-ethyl dimethylaminobenzoate, cetilamine hydrofluoride, camphoroquinone, acetone, silica nanofiller
UniFil Bond	polycarboxylic acid monomer, HEMA, ethanol, distilled water	urethane dimethacrylate, dimethacrylate, HEMA, silica filler

Table 3.

Distribution of microleakage scores at occlusal and gingival margins

Score\Group	Occlusal Margin					Gingival Margin
Score\Group	0	1	2	3	n	0	1	2	3	n
1	10	0	0	0	10	7	1	0	2	10
2	10	0	0	0	10	0	1	1	8	10
3	1	3	5	1	10	4	6	0	0	10

Group 1 : Single Bond/Filtek Z-250,

Group 2: Prime&BondNT/Esthet∙X,

Group 3 : UniFil Bond/UniFil F

Table 4.

Statistical analysis of microleakage at occlusal margin between each group by Mann-Whitney test

Group 1 : Single Bond/Filtek Z-250,

Group 2 : Prime&BondNT/Esthet∙X,

Group 3 : UniFil Bond/UniFil F

* : significant differences (p<0.05)

Table 5.

Statistical analysis of microleakage at gingival margin between each group by Mann-Whitney test

Group 1 : Single Bond/Filtek Z-250,

Group 2 : Prime&BondNT/Esthet∙X,

Group 3 : UniFil Bond/UniFil F

* : significant differences (p<0.05)

Table 6.

Statistical analysis of microleakage at occlusal and gingival margin between each group by Wilcoxon signed rank sum test

Group\Margin	1	2	3
Occlusal	N	＊	＊
N	＊	＊	Gingival

Group 1 : Single Bond/Filtek Z-250,

Group 2 : Prime&BondNT/Esthet∙X,

Group 3 : UniFil Bond/UniFil F

N : no-significnat differences,

* : significant differences (p<0.05)